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1、Keypoint:the knowledge of packaging materials, packaging technology and a trend toward packaging innovation Difficultpoints:the terms of packaging materials and packaging technologyUnitTwoPacking1Requirements By the end of this lesson, you should be able to have a good command of useful terms given
2、in the lesson major groups of packaging materials some packaging technique By the end of this lesson, you should be able to describe a trend toward packaging innovation UnitUnit2PARTPackagingmaterialsAbstract: The article introduces the major groups of packaging materials . Key words: glass; steel;
3、paper; plastic materials; aluminium;.UnitUnit3NewWordswithstandvt.vt.抵挡抵挡, , 经受住经受住appealingadj.adj.吸引人的吸引人的significance n.n.意义意义, , 重重要性要性confusevt.vt.搞乱搞乱, , 使糊涂使糊涂receptaclen.n.容器容器 combinationn.n.结合结合, ,合并合并, ,化合化合identificationn.n.辨辨认认, ,鉴定鉴定, ,证明证明hygienicadj.adj.卫生学的卫生学的, ,卫卫生的生的UnitUnit4Unit
4、Unitrustvt.(使)生锈monomern.单体polymern.聚合体polyethylene n.化聚乙烯terephthalate n.化对苯二酸盐(酯)transparent adj.透明的,明晰的gloss n.光泽的表面fizzy adj.嘶嘶的,泡沫腾涌oven n.烤箱, 烤炉, 灶roastingadj.烤肉用的v.煅烧5UnitUnitduvet n.用羽毛, 绒毛制成的棉被anorak n.带兜帽的夹克polymerize v.(使)聚合fleece n.羊毛(尤指未剪下的)dustbin n. 垃圾箱synthesize v.综合, 合成ethylenen.化乙烯
5、, 乙烯基versatile adj.通用的, 多才多艺的translucent adj.半透明的, 透明的mould n. 亦作mold 模具v. 铸造6UnitUnitinsulation n.绝缘 toxic adj.有毒的, 中毒的 fume n.(浓烈或难闻的)烟, squeezability n. 威吓, 压迫detergent n.清洁剂, 去垢剂cling filmn. 食品薄膜 polypropylene n.化聚丙烯PVCn.化聚氯乙烯yoghurtn.酸乳酪margarinen.人造黄油7UnitUnitblister n.水泡 chlorinen.化氯polystyre
6、ne n.聚苯乙烯alkalis碱金属 cutleryn.餐具multiplayer n. 电 多层 vapourn.蒸汽, 水蒸气chipboardn.硬纸板, 纸板 aluminium n.铝bauxite n.矾土，铁铝氧石8UnitUnitfoil n.箔，金属薄片silica n. （化）硅石，无水硅酸，硅土amber n.琥珀oxide n. （化）氧化物chromium n.铬magnet n.磁铁，磁体wax n.石蜡bleach v.v.漂白，变白crepe n.绉纱，绉绸fibre n.纤维，纤维制品9Sentence ExplanationsPara.8PET is li
7、ght, clear or transparent with high gloss (sparkling crystal clear), hard and wear-resistant. It is also a good barrier to gases. 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯质地轻，表面透明具有光泽，且坚硬耐磨。同时能有效防止气体挥发。UnitUnit10 Para.9 It is among the most important and versatile of the hundreds of commercial plastics. （聚乙烯）它是最重要并且用途最多的商业用塑料。 Pa
8、ra.11HDPE is used for most consumer and industrial blow-moulded containers, and when strength is required. 在生活和工业中当需要一定强度容器时，用高密度聚乙烯来作为吹模容器。UnitUnit11Para.12LDPE(Low-DensityPolyethylene) is the most commonly used plastic packaging, in particular when good clarity is demanded. 低密度聚乙烯是一种常用的塑料包装材料，特别是要
9、求透明包装时。 Para.19Pure aluminium is a soft, silvery white, relatively light metal, which conducts heat and electricity easily. 纯铝比较柔软，呈现银白色，是相对较轻的金属，它容易导电和导热。UnitUnit12Para.13Polypropylene(PP)is used as a clear, white or metallised film (metallising is where a 99.9% pure aluminum wire is heated to a va
10、por and vacuumed onto a plastic or paper surface to form a layer thinner than one 1/1000 of a mm). 聚丙烯作为白色金属薄膜材料（金属镀膜就是将铝加热成蒸汽然后覆盖在塑料或纸的表面形成薄薄的一层）。 UnitUnit13Para.21Glass is clear, rigid, chemically inert, heat resistant, resistant to internal pressure, and a complete barrier to water vapor and gase
11、s. 玻璃是一种透明，坚硬、不活泼、不导热、能抵抗内部压力的不透水和气的材料。Para.25Clay coating is a very fine wash of clay that fills in any unevenness on some carton board so that the surface is smooth to print on. 粘土涂料是一种很好清洗的材料，将它填在不平坦的纸箱表面使表面光滑容易印刷。UnitUnit14MaincontentsPackagingMaterials 1. plastic materials There are many differ
12、ent types of plastic, depending on the kind of monomer, the length of polymer chains, and other added compounds. UnitUnit15（1）Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) PET is light, clear or transparent with high gloss , hard and wear-resistant. （2 2） Polyethylene (Polythene) Polyethylene is usually transluc
13、ent, tough and unaffected by water and a large range of chemicals. UnitUnit16（3） Polypropylene (PP) PP is used as a clear, white or metallized film. It can also be molded into bottles, jars and caps. （4） Polyvinylchloride (PVC) PVC is naturally transparent, heat-sensitive , has excellent resistance
14、to oils and alcohol, and excellent stretch properties , but as a barrier to moisture it can be poor. UnitUnit17（5）Polystyrene (PS) PS is harder and more brittle than polyethylene or polypropylene, and has a superior optical clarity and good chemical resistance to food acids and alkalis. 2. Multilaye
15、rs Frequently different materials are used together in layers to meet all the needs of the product inside. 单层PET镀铝膜 UnitUnit183. Aluminium It is used for cans and foil.4. Glass Glass is clear, rigid, chemically inert, heat resistant, resistant to internal pressure, and a complete barrier to water va
16、por and gases. 铝软管UnitUnit195. Steel Steel consists of iron. 6. Paper UnitUnit20Abstract: The article introduces some packaging technique. Key words: container of packaging; packaging technique; packing methods.PartPackagingTechnologyUnitUnit21UnitUnitNewWordsbale 大包，大捆barrel 桶cord 绳索，束缚cylindrical
17、adj. 计 圆柱的preformed adj.预成型的，预制成的tubular adj. 管状的vibrationn.振动, 颤动, 摇动, 摆动staves n.杖，棍22UnitUnithoop n. 箍，铁环，v. 加箍于diameter n.直径cork n.软木塞，软木screw n.螺丝钉，螺旋，螺杆fiberboard n.纤维板can vt.装进罐中 n.罐头, 铁罐shelf n. 架子，搁板crate n. 板条箱，柳条箱framed n. 外加框sheathingn. 覆盖物，罩子23UnitUnitlath n.木板条，条板drum n. 鼓, 鼓声, 鼓形圆桶con
18、vex 表面弯曲如球的外侧，凸起的emboss vt. 饰以浮饰, 使浮雕出来plywoodn. 夹板, 合板detachable adj. 可分开的, 可分离的pail n. 桶，提桶 tucker n.打横褶者, 打褶装置lumber n.木材staple n.钉书钉, 钉, 原材料24UnitUnitthermoform n.(塑料等的)加热成形shrink v. 收缩, (使)皱缩, 缩短trimmingv. 清理焊缝 stretch v. 伸展, 伸长asepticn. 防腐剂adj.无菌的sterile adj.贫脊的, 毫无结果的carbon dioxide二氧化碳nitroge
19、nn.化氮vacuum n.真空, 空间retard vt.延迟, 阻止, 妨碍, 25UnitUnitdeterioration n.变坏, 退化, 堕落polishedadj.擦亮的, 磨光的 slushing n. 减水(作用), 抗(腐)蚀 抗湿airtightadj.密封的dehumidify vt.除湿, 使干燥stitch v.缝, 缝合 n. 针脚, 缝针lid lid n.盖子straw n.稻草, 麦杆batten n.板条, 木条fragile adj.易碎的, 脆的26UnitUnitcorrugated adj.缩成皱纹的, 使起波状的instrumentn.工具,
20、手段, 器械, 器具cushionn.垫子, 软垫, 衬垫gasket n.束帆索, 垫圈plywood n.夹板, 合板plank n.厚木板, 支架pilferage n.行窃, 偷盗twisting v.翘曲, 扭曲horizontal adj.地平线的, 水平的tampern.捣棒, 夯, 填塞者 27Sentence ExplanationsPara.2No matter what environmental conditions are encountered, the package is expected to protect the product, keeping it i
21、n the condition intended for use until the product is delivered to the ultimate consumer. 不论遇到什么样的环境，包装是用来保护产品，在它最终到达消费者手中的这段过程中，保护产品在完好状态下。 UnitUnit28Para.19 shrink wrapping is accomplished by trimming a piece of shrinkable film around an object, and then sending it through a heat “tunnel” which “s
22、hrinks” the film to conform to the exact size of an outer box or product. 收缩包装就是用收缩薄膜裹包物品，然后让它通过一个热的“通道”，使薄膜收缩而紧贴于物品。Para.24 MAP （modified atmosphere packaging）a packaging method in which a combination of gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen is introduced into the package at the time of closure
23、. 气体置换包装将二氧化碳气体或氮气等气体置换包装容器中空气的一种包装方法。 UnitUnit29Para.26This process prolongs shelf life, preserves the flavors and retards bacterial growth. 这种方法延长了保存期限，保存原来的风味并阻止细菌的繁衍。Para.27There are a few practical suggestions that may be profitably offered to people. These methods governing packing are traditi
24、onal ones and have been recognized by people through years of experimentation. 这里有些实际可行的建议或许对人们有助益。这些都是传统的包装方法，而且是经过人们长期实践予以确认的。UnitUnit30Para.28 highly polished metal surfaces are particularly subject to the dangers of rust and corrosion. It is customary to coat the surfaces thickly with a slushing
25、 oil; 高度抛光的金属表面很容易生锈和受到腐蚀。通常在表面刷上一层厚厚的抗腐蚀润滑油。 anti-corrosive compounds, films, wax or grease should be applied. This is done with a brush, by means of a spray gun, or by a dip tank process; 防腐化合剂、薄膜、蜡、润滑油等是必用之物。用刷子、喷漆枪涂上，或在浸泡桶里加以处理。UnitUnit31Para.29wooden cases should be made of sound , undamaged ti
26、mber, and closed with well- driven nails of the right length. For added safety, use steel banding or wire; 木箱要用完好没有破损的木材制作，用适当长度的钉子坚固地钉在一起。用铁箍或金属线加固，使它更为安全。 canvas bales should be stitched tightly. Colored string may facilitate opening; 帆布包要缝牢，用带颜色的线缝合方便开启。 card board containers and cartons must be
27、rigid and undamaged and should be closed with gum and secured by steel banding; 纸板箱和纸板盒必须坚硬完好没有破损，用树胶粘牢并用铁箍扎紧。UnitUnit32 pack parts of machinery in the same manner as they are fitted on the machine; 把机器的零件按装配在机器上的原样包装起来。 threaded portions should be protected with tapes or film of a hot wax to protec
28、t if from damage; 螺纹部分应该用胶带，或用蜡层保护起来免受损伤。 thin or narrow parts, like gaskets of special shape, may be fixed to a plywood or a plank packing. 薄的或窄的零部件，如特殊形状的垫圈，在装箱前可以固定在一块胶合板或一块后木板上。 UnitUnit33Para.30avoid sharp edges on packages they may cut and fray rope or cord and may even damage other packages;
29、物品的包装避免边缘尖锐，否则，尖锐的边缘回磨损或割断绳子，甚至会损伤其它包裹。 measures of security against hazards and pilferage, fire, containerization corrosion, etc., should be attended to; 应注意采取安全措施预防海上意外风险、偷窃、火灾、集装箱腐蚀等等。 UnitUnit34 tea must be carefully packed not only against the usual climatic perils, but must be also tightly sca
30、led so as to prevent it from absorbing odors and smells from the surrounding cargo; 茶叶不仅必须仔细地包装起来,使它免受气候变化的影响,而且必须与周围货物分开，以预防它吸收周围货物的气味。 consumer goods must be packed suitably and attractively to reinforce companys image in the market. 消费品的包装要适宜并具有吸引力，这样能够增强公司在市场中的形象。UnitUnit351.Container of Packagi
31、ng MainContentsBagBarrel UnitUnit36Bottle Box Can Carton UnitUnit37Container Crate Drum Pail UnitUnit382. Packaging Technique （1）Blister packaging （2）Bundle wrapping（3）Fin seal packaging（4）Shrink wrapping （5）Skin packaging （6）Stretch packaging （7）Aseptic packaging （8）CAP （controlled atmosphere packa
32、ging） UnitUnit39（9）MAP （modified atmosphere packaging） （10）Retort packaging （11）Vacuum packaging 3. Packing Methods （1） Protection from corrosion （2）Protection from damage （3）Other points to note UnitUnit40PartPackagingInnovative Abstract: This This article article is is about about innovative innov
33、ative ideas ideas abound abound for for reducing, reducing, reusing reusing and and recycling recycling transport packaging waste.transport packaging waste. Key words: innovation; innovation; disposal disposal costs; costs; shift shift of of bargaining bargaining power; power; strategic strategic im
34、plications; implications; waste waste reduction; reuse; recycling.reduction; reuse; recycling.UnitUnit41UnitUnitNewWordspallet n.扁平工具, 棘爪, 货盘 municipal()adj.市政的, 地方性的transaction n.办理, 处理, 交易, 事务 explicit adj.外在的, 清楚的, incentive n.动机 adj.激励的institutionalizev.使制度化或习俗化innovationn.改革, 创新deregulationn.违反
35、规定, 反常42UnitUnitsubstitute n.代用品, 代替者v.代替, 替换stimulate v.刺激, 激励legitimacy n.合法(性), 正确(性), 合理(性)collusion() n.共谋, 勾结tradeoff n.(公平)交易,折衷,权衡cardboard n.纸板bin n.箱柜barrier n. 障碍物, 栅栏, 屏障storagen.贮藏(量), 贮藏库, 存储vertically adv.垂直地43UnitUnitintegrated adj.综合的, 完整的allied adj.联合的, 同盟的v.联合bargaining n.议价, 讨价,
36、交易, 交涉returnableadj.可退回的 implicationn.牵连, 含意, 暗示incrementaladj.增加的 compromise v.妥协, 折衷, 危及.的安全facilitatevt. 使容易, 推动, 帮助exert v.尽(力), 施加(压力等)leveragen.杠杆作用44Para.2In almost all cases, the explicit cost for disposal is borne by the company that purchased the goods in packages, and is an indirect trans
37、action cost. 几乎在所有的情况下，购买有包装的产品的公司负担包装成本，这是一种间接成本。Para.4This trend has been stimulated by changes in four important factors that affect the structure of the logistical packaging industry. 影响物流包装业结构的四个重要因素的改变促进了这一趋势。 Sentence ExplanationsUnitUnit45Para.7The corrugated paperboard industry owes its suc
38、cessful recycling programs to the fact that it is relatively vertically integrated, compared to other logistical supply industries, such as those that make wooden pallets and plastic packaging. 瓦楞纸箱的成功回收利用应归功于它比起其他物流供应产业相对综合，如木质货盘和塑料包装业。UnitUnit46Para.8Logistical packaging management is becoming mor
39、e than a simple purchase function that merely buys periodically according to the carriers packaging rules. 物流包装管理越来越不局限于简单的购买功能，这种功能仅仅是根据运输包装要求的周期性购买。Para.9Waste disposal is an explicit cost for logistical customers, and their influence on suppliers to reduce packaging is currently more important th
40、an legislative man-dates in reducing logistical packaging waste. 对物流消费者来说，废物处置也是一项成本，它对供应商降低减少包装的影响比立法机构降低物流包装浪费的影响要大。 UnitUnit47Para.15Policymakers can take advantage of market forces by incorporating the environmental costs of solid waste in the price of disposal. 制定政策的人们可以利用固体废物环境成本与处置价格将相结合这市场力量
41、的优势。UnitUnit48 1. A trend toward innovation There is a new trend, however, toward innovation aimed at reducing the amount of material used in logistical packaging. This trend has been stimulated by changes in four important factors that affect the structure of the logistical packaging industry. （1）
42、Transportation deregulation. MainContentsUnitUnit49（2）Rising waste disposal costs （3）Market power（4）Shift of bargaining power2. Strategic implications Logistical packaging innovation can be the source for a competitive advantage for four constituencies:（1） Firms and organizations （2）Manufacturers （3
43、）Packaging suppliers （4）Policymakers UnitUnit50Reading Materials （1）PresentConditionandDevelopmentTendencyofPresentConditionandDevelopmentTendencyofChinaCartonIndustryChinaCartonIndustry Abstract: This paper introduce the a considerable progress of China paper packaging industry. Key words: producin
44、g scale; technology progress; reducing consumption; environmental protectingUnitUnit51Reading Materials （2）PackagingtoProtectthePlanet Abstract:This paper introduces some new technologies and innovative approaches to protect products while also protecting our planet. Keywords: environmental protection; renewable resources; pay as you throw; source reduction; EuropeanPackaging StandardsUnitUnit52
