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1、非谓语动词1什么是非谓什么是非谓语动词啊？语动词啊？ “非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语”, ,就是不是谓语的动词就是不是谓语的动词呗呗! !那不是谓语那不是谓语是什么呢？是什么呢？。英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词： 加连词（and / but / so） 放入从句 变为非谓语动词 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语e.g. He works. He wants to work here. He is working now.The meeting held last week is very important. 非谓语：非谓语：无人称，数的变化，不单
2、独作谓无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。过去分词过去分词v-ed不定式不定式to+v动词的动词的v-ing非非谓谓语语动动词词动动词词不不定定式式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.MyjobistoteachEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?ShecameheretostudyEnglish.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语宾宾补补(Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.)Sheaskedme
3、tostayhere.注注注注：在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，常采用常采用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置。作形式主语，而把不定式后置。Itsagreatpleasuretobeheretobehere.Itisnotaneasythingtomasteralanguagetomasteralanguage.注注注注 ：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景中看出，也可以由文或情景中看出，也可以由“for/of+名词词组名词词组”来表示，如：来表示，如：Itwasdifficultformeformetodothewor
4、k.Itskindofyouofyoutothinksomuchofus.作主语作主语下列情形用不定式作定语下列情形用不定式作定语lMadeCuriewasthefirstpersonintheworldtoreceivetwoNobelPrizes.lThebestwaytokeepfitistodevelophealthyeatinghabits.作定语作定语1.由由theonly,thefirst,thelast,thenext以及序以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词,常用不定式常用不定式作定语作定语.lThreeyearslaterhehadachancet
5、ogotoAustralia.lHefailedinhisattempttoescapefromprison.2.当修饰词是名词当修饰词是名词:ability,way,chance,attempt,plan,failure等等,这时用不定式作定语这时用不定式作定语,对所修饰词起补充说明的作用对所修饰词起补充说明的作用.作宾补作宾补Sheaskedmetostayhere.1.她她叫我呆在叫我呆在这儿。这儿。2.请允许我介绍请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。给你们。 PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.adviseallowaskcauseencoura
6、geexpectforcegetinforminviteorderpermitremindrequestteachtellwantwarnenablewish做独立成分做独立成分1.Totellthetruth,Idontagreewithyou.(老实说老实说)类似的短语有类似的短语有:tobefrank,坦白说坦白说tobeexact,确切的说确切的说tobeginwith,首先首先,第一第一注意注意1.有些动词后面的不定式有些动词后面的不定式不带不带to，如，如feel（一感）一感）hear,listento（二听）二听）make,have,let（三让）三让）see,watch,not
7、ice,observe（四看）四看）.Iheardthemsingapopsong.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.A.不带不带to的不定式的不定式注注:这些动词若用于被动语态这些动词若用于被动语态,不定式必须加不定式必须加toThemanwasmadetomovehiscarbythepoliceman.2.在在wouldratherthan,ratherthan,等等结构后的结构后的than之后不用之后不用to.3.在在cantbut,cantchoosebut,canthelpbut,donothingbut,之后的不定式不用之后的不定式不用to4.介词介词but,e
8、xcept,besides+todo,但是如果这但是如果这些介词前有行为动词些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式的各种形式,那么那么,介词介词后的不定式不用后的不定式不用to.5.一些特定结构中一些特定结构中:whynotdo(为什么不做为什么不做)hadbetterdo(最好做最好做)wouldratherdo(宁愿；宁可宁愿；宁可)I would rather have a cup of tea.我宁愿喝茶。我宁愿喝茶。You had better go back.你还是回去的好。你还是回去的好。Whynotseeafilmtonight?注意注意B.带疑问词的动词不定式在带疑问词的动词不定式
9、在to前加疑问词前加疑问词。Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?(what,when,where,which,who,how)注意注意D.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去动词不定式常常省去to后面后面的动词，只的动词，只保留保留to。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).B:Yes,Idloveto(cometoyourpar
10、ty).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。E. 有些动词后面既可跟不定式有些动词后面既可跟不定式todo，又可跟动名又可跟动名词词doing，但是意义不一样，如但是意义不一样，如remember,forget,try,stop,goon,mean,regret,like/love,canthelp,propose等等等等 Iremembered to post the letters.Iremembered posting/having post the letters. 1)remember/forgettodo表示记得表示记得/忘记忘记要去做某事要去做某事
11、remember/forgetdoing表示记得表示记得/忘记忘记做过某事做过某事 2)trytodo设法努力做某事设法努力做某事trydoing尝试着做某事尝试着做某事 3)goontodo表示接着做另外一件事情表示接着做另外一件事情goondoing表示接着做原来的那件事情表示接着做原来的那件事情 4)stoptodo表示停下来去做另外一件事情表示停下来去做另外一件事情stopdoing表示停止做某事表示停止做某事 5)meantodo表示打算，意欲做某事表示打算，意欲做某事meandoing表示意味着，意思是表示意味着，意思是6)regrettodo表示很遗憾要去做某事表示很遗憾要去做某
12、事regretdoing表示很遗憾已经做过的事情表示很遗憾已经做过的事情8)canthelp(to)do表示不能做，无助于表示不能做，无助于canthelpdoing表示请不自禁表示请不自禁 9)usedtodo表示过去常常做某事表示过去常常做某事be/getusedtodoing表示习惯于做某事表示习惯于做某事注：注：need/want/require;worth/worthy的特殊用法的特殊用法 Thebikeneedstoberepaired.Theroomneedsrepairing.1)need/wanttobedone=2)need/wantdoing需要需要(含被动意义含被动意义
13、) ThebookisworthreadingThebookisworthytoberead.Thebookisworthyofbeingread.2)beworthdoingbeworthytobedone/beworthyofbeingdone这本书值得一读。这本书值得一读。注注:prefer的用法：的用法：preferdoingtodoingprefertodoratherthandowouldratherdothando Ipreferwaiting here to staying at home.Ipreferto waithereratherthanstay at home.Iwo
14、uldratherwaitherethanstay at home.Heisusedto_inthatcity.(live)Imlookingforwardto_yousoon.(see)Sheobjectsto_theproblemnow.(discuss)Hedevotedhimselfto_thenewtheory.(establish)Ihavebeenaccustomedto_inthatcompanysinceIcamehere.(work)Inadditionto_hisownworkwell,heisreadytohelpothers.(do)F.下面的下面的to是是介词介词，
15、而不是不定式，而不是不定式 be/getaccustomedto,be/getusedto,inadditionto,+livingseeingdiscussingestablishingworkingdoing主动主动被动被动一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式否定式否定式不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态 todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendone在在to前加前加not动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetin
16、gtobeheldtomorrow.一般式一般式(todo).所表示的动作在谓所表示的动作在谓语动词之后发生。语动词之后发生。（将要（将要）被动式：被动式：tobedone3.Hedidntliketobelaughedat.进行式进行式(tobedoing)1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.2.Heissaidtobecoming.所表示的动作和谓所表示的动作和谓语动词同时发生。语动词同时发生。（正在进行）（正在进行）没有被动式没有被动式.完成式完成式（tohavedone)1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.2.Youse
17、emedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.不定式的动不定式的动作发生在谓作发生在谓语动词之前。语动词之前。（已经做过）（已经做过）3.Heclaimed_inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.A.beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated.被动式：被动式：tohavebeendone1.Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot.A.turningitof
18、fB.turnitoffC.havingturneditoffD.toturnitoff2.Shecanthelp_thehousebecauseshesbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.CleanedD.beingcleaned3.Noteverybodyhastheabilityinpublic.A.ofspeakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak练习练习4 4.Maryisalwaysthefirststudent_to answertheteachersquestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.ro
19、seD.risen5.Mum,whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday?-_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting6.Wouldyoubesokind_usout?-Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp7.Wetumbrellasarenotallowed_intothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.takin
20、g8.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.AtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingDtohavebeenstudying9.InAustralia,hemadealotoffriends_averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish.A.getB.gettingC.togetD.got10.Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating11.
21、Weagreed_here,butsofarshehasntturnedoutyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet12.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning13.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto14.Isawhim_outoftheroom.15.A.goB.hadgone
22、16.C.hasgoneD.goes15.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_A.sitB.sitonC.besitD.besaton16.Thereisntanydifferentbetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhatD.tochoosewhich17.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudy
23、C.madeD.tomake1.非谓语动词有哪些不同的形式？非谓语动词有哪些不同的形式？ 非谓非谓语动词语动词一般式一般式 完成式完成式 一般式一般式 完成式完成式to+v不定式不定式过去过去分词分词tobedonetohavebeendonebeingdonehavingbeendone及物动词的过去分词既表及物动词的过去分词既表示示被动被动又表示又表示动作已完成动作已完成, , 个别动词的过去分词只表个别动词的过去分词只表示完成示完成( (多数为不及物动词多数为不及物动词) )主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式todo tohavedonedoing havingdone不定式除一般式、完成
24、式以外还有不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有_进行式进行式tobedoingv-edv-ingv-ing分分词词非谓语动词的否定：非谓语动词的否定：_not+非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语非谓语动词动词主语主语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 主补主补 定语定语 状语状语 表语表语不定式不定式-ing分词分词过去分词过去分词2.非谓语动词在句中通常作什么成分？非谓语动词在句中通常作什么成分？非谓语非谓语动词动词主语主语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 主补主补 定语定语 状语状语 表语表语不定式不定式v-ing分词分词过去分词过去分词V-ing分词在句中通常作什么成分？分词在句中通常作什么成分？V-ing现现在在分分词词Wo
25、rkingwithyouisapleasure.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.MyjobistoteachEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?ShecameheretostudyEnglish.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语宾宾补补(Itisapleasureworkingwithyou.)Sheaskedmetostayhere.用法用法例句例句时间时间 Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.(=WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.)用法用法例句例句原因原因 Being
26、tired,Istoppedtotakearest.(=BecauseIwastired,Istoppedtotakearest.)条件条件 Workinghard,youwillsucceed.(=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.)用法用法例句例句让步让步 KnowingwhereIlive,henevercometoseeme.(=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercometoseeme.)用法用法例句例句伴随伴随 Istoodthere,waitingforher.(=Istoodthere,andwaitedforher.)结果结果
27、 Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthearea.(=Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea.)v-ing形式的时态和语态形式的时态和语态主动主动被动被动一般式一般式完成式完成式否定式否定式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone在在v-ing前加前加not例句：例句：Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenthome.Beingaskedtoanswer
28、thequestion,hestoodup.Havingbeenwritteninhaste,thebookhassomefaults.not置于置于V-ing 之前之前Notgettingupearly,hemissedthefirstbus.Nothavingreceivedhisletter,weallfeltworried.2.V-ing形式的否定式形式的否定式分词分词(短语短语)作状语时作状语时,其逻辑主语必其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。在分词前面
29、加上它的逻辑主语。3.V-ing形式需注意形式需注意Enteringtheroom,IfoundTomwatchingTV.Lookingatthepicture,Icouldnthelpmissingmymiddleschooldays.比比较Thebellringing,weallstoppedtalking.Weatherpermitting,wewillhaveanoutingtomorrow.一、构成形式一、构成形式过去分词只有一种形式过去分词只有一种形式(v+ed)现在分词现在分词（否定式（否定式not+分词）：分词）：被动形式被动形式doinghavingdonebeingdon
30、ehavingbeendone一般式一般式完成式完成式主动形式主动形式主动形式主动形式二、二、分词的语法功能分词的语法功能1 1作定语作定语2 2作表语作表语3 3作宾语补足语作宾语补足语4 4作状语作状语三、现在分词与过去分词三、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别的用法区别1、作定语时、作定语时:position单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。Do you know the （哭着的）（哭着的）boy?Do you know the boy（在树下哭的）（在树下哭的） ?We are t
31、rying our best to catch up with the （发达的）（发达的）country.The students are discussing a book (由鲁迅写的由鲁迅写的).cryingcryingcrying under the treecrying under the tree developeddevelopedwrittenbyLuwrittenbyLuXunXun作定语时作定语时:relationship1.Themeetingheldlastweekisveryimportant.2.Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottoma
32、kesomuchnoise.被动关系被动关系主动关系主动关系现在分词和过去分词作定语的比较现在分词和过去分词作定语的比较飘雪飘雪_落叶落叶_令人惊讶的消息令人惊讶的消息感到吃惊的表情感到吃惊的表情-总结总结:v-ing现在分词作定语现在分词作定语:_v-ed过去分词作定语过去分词作定语:_fallingsnowfallenleavesthesurprisingnews表示表示“主动，或正在进行主动，或正在进行/令人感觉怎么样令人感觉怎么样”表示表示“被动，或已完成被动，或已完成/人自身感觉怎么样人自身感觉怎么样”the surprised lookItisthefirsttimethatJoy
33、hascometoLianyungang.Shehasmuchdifficultyfindingherwayaround,astheroadshavemany_turnsandbranchroads.Scene1confusing/puzzlingScene2Amywasperforminginadramawhensuddenlysheforgotthewords.Theaudienceclappedtheirhandstoencourageher,butshefeltthiswasher_(embarrass)situation.embarrassedPracticemakesperfect
34、!1. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.（10 全国全国） A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing2.(2011江苏）江苏）Recentlyasurvey_pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.AcomparedBcomparingCcomparesDbeingcompared3. With the gove
35、rnments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. （09上海）上海） A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 2、作表语时（跟在系动词后）、作表语时（跟在系动词后）现在现在分词多表示主语所具有的分词多表示主语所具有的特征特征或或属性属性；过去过去分分词多表示主语所处的词多表示主语所处的状态状态。现在分词表示。现在分词表示“令人令人的的”，过去分词表示，过去分词表示“感到感到”.”.常见的分词有：常见的分词有：amazed / amaz
36、ing; annoyed / annoying; interested / interesting; pleased / pleasing; surprised / surprising; satisfied / satisfying; amused / amusingLearnthembyheart!Translation:1.有人认为如果一本书是有趣的，它一定会使读有人认为如果一本书是有趣的，它一定会使读者感兴趣的。者感兴趣的。2.2.先生们、女士们，请一直做到飞机已完全停下来先生们、女士们，请一直做到飞机已完全停下来止。止。 Itisbelievedthatifabookisintere
37、sting,itwillsurelyinterestthereader.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremainseateduntiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.3、作宾语补足语时、作宾语补足语时:relationship取决于取决于分词分词与与宾语宾语的关系：的关系：主动主动关系，用关系，用doing被动被动关系，用关系，用done例如例如1.Ifoundthempaintingthewindows.2.Ifoundthewindowspainted.主动关系主动关系被动关系被动关系（现在分词表（现在分词表主动、进行）主动、进行）（过去
38、分词表（过去分词表被动、完成被动、完成）Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1.(09全国全国)Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficrunsmoothly.2.（2011江苏）江苏）Youlookupset.Whatsthematter？Ihadmyproposaltoturndownagain.(running)(running)turneddownturneddown 3.(10安徽卷安徽卷) JustnowIcaughthimtostealthingsfromthesupermarket. steal
39、ing4、作状语时、作状语时:relationship_from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball. (see)_nobody at home , he left. (see)被动关系被动关系主主动动关关系系分词的选取分词的选取：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主动关系主动关系：用：用 doing被动关系被动关系：用：用doneSeenSeenSeeingSeeingAstheharelooksdownuponthetortoise,heliesdownandsleepssoundly.Rewritethesenten
40、cesusingRewritethesentencesusingingingor-or-ededforms:forms:_thetortoise,thehareliesdownandsleepssoundly.Lookingdownupon1.(10天津天津)Whenweapproachedthecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.Approachingthecity,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.2.(04北京北京)Becausehewastiredafterthetrip
41、,hesoonfellasleep.Tiredafterthetrip,hesoonfellasleep.COME ON!COME ON!Note 1:现在分词的现在分词的一般式一般式与与完成式完成式：一般式一般式：doing 表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。同时发生。完成式完成式：having done 表示非谓语动作与谓语表示非谓语动作与谓语动作有着先后顺序动作有着先后顺序 。 _ such heavy loss, the businessman didnt have the courage to go on .(suffer)例如例如： _thenews
42、,herfansbecamewildwithexcitement.(hear)Hearing Having suffered Having sufferedRemember:Practicemakesperfect! 1.(08全国卷全国卷I)Thestormleft,_alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused2._ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks .(09 广东广东)A. Not completing B.
43、Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed Note 2:分词作状语的基本原则：分词作状语的基本原则：分词作状语时，分词的分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语逻辑主语必须与句子的主语必须与句子的主语保持保持一致一致。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加上其自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为上其自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构独立主格结构。如：。如：Spring coming, the fields are full of life.再如：再如： Weather permi
44、tting ,we will go out for a spring outing.Thejobhavingbeendone,wewenthome.因为因为coming的逻辑主语，并不是的逻辑主语，并不是the fields ，应补上它的逻辑主语应补上它的逻辑主语spring， 独立主格结构非谓语动词，非谓语动词， 主语主语+谓语谓语名词名词/代词代词+动作的逻辑主语动作的逻辑主语 falling here and there, I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon. completed, well have a global traveling.
45、LeavesTaskConsolidation:1. Many students _ around, I explained the story into details.（07 重重庆）庆） A. stood B. standing C. to stand D. were standing2.There _ nothing to talk about , every one in the room remained silent . A. was B. had C. being D. having3. Everything _ into consideration , they believ
46、ed themselves more and returned to their position. A. to taken B. taken C. to be taken D. taking The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March.(2007山东)A. has been launched B. having been launchedC. being launched D. to be launchedBThe children
47、went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. (07重庆) A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finishedB有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分或插入语。常见的有：称作独立成分或插入语。常见的有：generally / frankly/ strictly speaking 一般而言一般而言/坦坦率地说率地说/ 严格地说严格地说judging from /by 根据根据来判断来
48、判断considering / taking into consideration考虑到考虑到；鉴于；鉴于supposing / providing /provided that 如果如果compared with/to 与与相比相比 例如例如_his accent ,he is from the south ._ your health, you d better have a rest. Note3:独立成分作状语独立成分作状语Judgingfrom/byJudgingfrom/byConsideringConsidering-ing复合结构my/your.人人/物物sIm happy f
49、or your telling me the truth.Im angry for your not telling me the truth.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefsbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaughtC_ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A. The president will attendB. The president to attend
50、C. The president attendedD. The presidents attendingD总结总结: :非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系：非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系：表示表示主动主动用用V-V-inging、表示表示被动被动用用V-edV-ed；与谓语动词时间的关系：与谓语动词时间的关系：同时同时发生用发生用: :v-ingv-ing的一般形式的一般形式、发生在之发生在之前前用用: :完成形式；完成形式；发生在之发生在之后后用用: :不定式的一般形式不定式的一般形式。非谓语动词解题非谓语动词解题四大步骤四大步骤（一）分析句子结构（一）分析句子结构, ,辨别辨别“谓语与非谓语谓语与非谓
51、语”（如果是非谓语，判断所充当的成分）（如果是非谓语，判断所充当的成分）1._many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldC_A注意连词注意连词3.It_ahotday,wedbettergoswimming.4._arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.A.isB.tob
52、eC.beingB.D.ItbeingE.ItwasF.beenCE注意标点符号注意标点符号非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。（二）找逻辑主语（二）找逻辑主语1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party w
53、ere from South Africa. 一一般来说：般来说：1.1.作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语； 2.2.作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语； 3.3.作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。 Everythingthey1._everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2.Everything_intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.
54、FillintheblankswiththeproperformFillintheblankswiththeproperformoftheverb“take”oftheverb“take”TakingTakingtakentaken（三）分析语态（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。1.“Youcantcatchme!”Janeshouted,_away.2.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran3.2._inthemountai
55、nsforaweek,4.thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythe5.localpolice.6.A.HavinglostB.Lost7.C.BeinglostD.LosingJane thetwostudents(四四）分析时态分析时态1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _ last year is a restaurant.A.having been built B.to be b
56、uilt C.being built D. built CBD 非谓语动词解题步骤非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：方法总结：谓谓非非谓谓，找，找主语主语，析，析语态语态，定，定时态。时态。1.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier2._itmoredifficult.(MET99)3.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake4.2.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.(NMET2000)5.A.expectedB.tobeexpected
57、C.tobeexpectingD.expects高考题汇集高考题汇集：3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.(MET1998)A.toinventB.inventingB.C.tohaveinventedC.havinginvented4.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003)A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyB.C.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch5.Theboywantedtoride
58、hisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.(NMET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto6.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.(MET97)A.tobetakenB.totakeB.C.beingtakenD.taking7.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考上海高考)A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromB.C.tochooseD.forchoosing8. _lateinth
59、eafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考年北京春季高考) A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep 9. Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingB.C.tosettleD.beingsettled10. Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmaking
60、theearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考上海春季高考)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying11. Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying_theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考上海春季高考)A.tomakeB.makingB.C.tohavemadeD.havingmade12. Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考北京春季高考)A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake
