牛津高中英语模块三,unit1 全部课件,衡阳市二中

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1、AdvancewithEnglishByLuoSha罗莎衡阳市二中，牛津高中英语模块三Unit1Wordlist1,P67hearing:n.hear:v.raised:adj.raise:v.unit2,p23confuse:v.confusing:adj.confused:adj.fog:n.foggy:adj.conductor:n.conduct:v.(takea)glanceatsth.扫视nowhere：反义词everywhere：adv.到处insight看得见,outofsight看不见narrow:adj.狭窄的,反义词wideUnit1Wordlist1,P67wishfo

2、r:hopefor盼望darkness:n.dark:adj.黑暗的；深色的hesitate:v.hesitation,heziteinn.犹豫reachout:伸出手reachinto:把手伸进stare(up)at:抬头凝视watchoutfor：留心,lookoutfor,becarefuloffirmly:adv.firm:adj.begratefultosb.对某人表示感谢helper:n.帮助者help:v.n.helpful:adjcometoonesaid:v.helpsb.帮助某人Unit1,welcometotheunit,P1TheworldofoursensesTota

3、lkaboutoursensesandtheimportanceofthemFivesenses:sight视觉,hearing听觉,taste味觉,smell嗅觉,touch触觉Unit1welcometotheunit,P1dailylife日常生活sense：C.感官，U.感觉fivesenses五官感觉:sight视觉,hearing听觉,taste味觉,smell嗅觉,touch触觉blindblaindadj.瞎的Braillebreil盲文holdonesnose捏住鼻子aswellasusual和往常一样signlanguage手势语makeachievements做出成就Si

4、ght视觉Sight视觉Todiscusswhatwouldhappenifwelostoneortwooursensesandthinkabouthowtolivewithoutoneortwosenses海伦海伦凯勒凯勒Helen Keller 1880年年6月月27日日-1968年年6月月1日日)出生之时原为健康的婴儿，但却在出生之时原为健康的婴儿，但却在19个月大的时候患了急个月大的时候患了急性脑炎，从此失去了听觉和视觉。然而，她仍然努力的保性脑炎，从此失去了听觉和视觉。然而，她仍然努力的保持着和外界的联系，运用自己的手语和家庭成员交流。持着和外界的联系，运用自己的手语和家庭成员交流。

5、 19世纪美国盲聋女作家、教育家、慈善家、社会活动家。世纪美国盲聋女作家、教育家、慈善家、社会活动家。她以自强不息的顽强毅力，在安妮。莎莉文老师的帮助下，她以自强不息的顽强毅力，在安妮。莎莉文老师的帮助下，掌握了英、法、德等五国语言。完成了她的一系列著作，掌握了英、法、德等五国语言。完成了她的一系列著作，并致力于为残疾人造福，建立慈善机构，被美国并致力于为残疾人造福，建立慈善机构，被美国?时代周刊时代周刊?评为美国十大英雄偶像，荣获评为美国十大英雄偶像，荣获“总统自由勋章等奖项。总统自由勋章等奖项。主要著作有主要著作有?假设给我三天光明假设给我三天光明?、?我的生活我的生活?、?我的老师我的老

6、师?等。等。Reading,P2-3Reading Comprehension,QuestionsFastreading:P2,A1.Whatisthestoryabout?2.WheredidPollylive?3.WhohelpedPolly?Deepreading:P4,C11.WhydidPollyleaveworkearly?2.WhydidPollytaketheUndergroundtotheGreenPark?3.Whatwastheweatherlikeoutsidethestation?4.AccordingtotheLine33,whatmadePollyafraid?R

7、eading,P2outlineAplotMaincharactersAcertaintimeperiodAplaceAproblemtobesolvedAclimaxorasurpriseendingReading,P2Fogwarningleft:(P2,L2)v.离开，leave的过去式，(P3，L43)adj.左边的,turnleft左转atlunch,atnoon,atnight,atweekendstepoutinto走出去到wonderif/whether想知道能否still:(P2,L5)adv.仍然(P2,L29)adj.静止的，不动的第一段从句：L2when引导时间状语从句

8、L3that引导的宾语从句L5if引导的宾语从句Reading,P2NobusestokingStreetonce:(L7)conj.一旦(L42)adv.曾经busstopL7)公交车站taketheundergroundL11)乘地铁tootoL10)太.以致不能.tooadj.forsb.todosth.Theboyisstilltooyoungtogotoschool.小男孩还不到上学年龄。itistoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar.L10)=thefogissothickthatthebuswillnotrunthat(=so)far.第二/三段从句：(L8)

9、before引导的时间状语从句(10)Thetruthisthat事实是，老实说。引导的表语从句Reading,P2Atallmanpassenger乘客observe,watch,notice的区别atlast(L15):最后；终于finallyrest:(L16)n.剩余局部(L51)v.休息(takea)glanceat(L16)扫视Itookaglanceatthebook.我飞快地浏览了一下这本书。nowhere:adv.到处都不,everywhere：adv.到处本段从句：(L14)as引导的时间状语从句，that同位语从句(L16)while引导的时间状语从句Reading,P2

10、Footstepsentranceentrnsn.入口thickikadj.厚的lay:v.躺；位于lie的过去式insight(L20)看得见outofsight看不见Isthereataxiorabusinsight.看看是不是有公共汽车或出租车？setoff(L20)v.出发setoutbythetime(L22)等到,到的时候roughrfadj.粗糙的brushbrvi.擦过；掠过beatbi:tv.跳动;打败;拍打beat,beatenwithfear:因为害怕with:becauseofReading,P2Footstepssee,hear,feel(L25),watch,not

11、ice等表示感觉的动词后，既可用v-ing构成复合宾语，也可用不带to的动词不定式构成复合宾语。两者之间有差异。用v-ing,表示动作正在进行，即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束；用不定式那么表示动作发生了.类似的动词还有observe,lookat,listento,smell,taste等Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调我看见了这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.强调我见他正干活这个动作昨天我见他正在花园里干活。Reading,P2Thehelpfulstrangerwishfor(L

12、28):v.hopefor盼望,希望得到Ihavenothinglefttowish for.我再也没什么想要的了。comealong(L28):v.出现still(L29)adj.静止的，不动的holdsb.still(L28)使某人一动不动comeoutofthedarkness(L29)从黑暗中传来hesitateheziteitv.犹豫belost(L31)迷路reachout(L32)伸出(手)reachinto(把手)伸进Ireach outandgentlycaughtit.我伸出双手，轻轻地接住了它。findoneselfdoing(L32)无意中发现自己在做某事Reading

13、,P2Thehelpfulstrangerstare(up)at(L33)抬头凝视Itsrudetostare atstrangers.盯着陌生人看是没有礼貌的。watchoutfor(L38):留心,注意lookoutforThepolicearewatching out forthesuspect.警方正密切注意嫌疑犯的行动。hithitv.碰撞(hit,hit)once:(L7)conj.一旦(L42)adv.曾经cross:kr:sn.十字架；交叉，十字crossroads:n.十字路口left:(P2,L2)v.离开,leave的过去式，(P3，L43)adj.左边的,turnlef

14、t左转feelfrightened(L45)感到害怕anxiousnksadj.焦虑的,担忧的Reading,P2Thegratefulhelperfirmly:adv.牢牢地,坚决地firm:adj.begratefultosb.(L48)对某人表示感谢Imgratefultohishelp.我感谢他对我的帮助。Hereweare.我们到了cometoonesaid(L50):来帮助某人helpsb.inrelief如释重负,松了口气rest:(L16)n.剩余局部(L51)v.休息forawhile(L50)frwil一会儿NowthatIamfree,Icanenjoymusicfora

15、while.既然有空，我可以享受一下音乐。Itsveryniceofyou:Youreverynice.beoff(L52):离开Imustbeoffsoon.我很快就得走了。Reading,P2Thegratefulhelperpayback(L54):v.报答，归还Ilenthimsomemoneylastweekbutheforgottopayback.上周我借了一些钱给他，但他忘记归还。getacross:v.通过,渡过getacrosstheroad(L55)过马路except(L55):ikseptprep.除之外like:adj.喜欢,(反)dislikeprep.像(反)unl

16、ike本段从句that(L54):引导的定语从句when(L54):引导的时间状语从句Reading,P2-3从句归纳名词性从句1.Atlunch,theradioforecastthat(L2)宾语从句2.Shewonderedifthebuses(L5)宾语从句3.Thetruthisthatitistoofoggy(L10)表语从句4.shehadafeelingthatshewas(L14)同位语从句5.Pollyheard(that)ithitthestep.(L38)宾语从句Reading,P2-3从句归纳时间状语从句1.WhenPollylefthomethatmorning,(

17、L1)2.Once(shewas)outinthestreet,(L7)3.AsPollyobservethepassengers(L14)4.Whiletherestofpassengerswere(L16)5.WhenPollygottothestation(L19)6.Asshewalkedalonethenarrow(L21)本课时间状语从句的引导词：when,once,aswhileReading,P2-3从句归纳定语从句1chancetopaybackthehelpthatpeoplegiveme(L54)Itgivesmethechancetopaybackthehelp.Peo

18、plegivemethehelp.Reading,P2-3PlotReading,P4-5C1:1(L3),2(L10),3(L19),6(L40)C2:2(L11),6(L36),5(L32),9(L50),3(L15),7(L43),4(L23),8(L49),1(L4),10(L53)D:1-d,2-c,3-e,4-f,5-b,6-aE:1.darkness2.wherever3.hesitate4.anxious5.approaching6.aid7.grasp8.observeF:sixthsense第六感Reading,P5,Esince(L1)原因状语从句if(L1)条件状语从句

19、because(L2)原因状语从句where(L3)宾语从句when(L7)宾语从句because(L7)原因状语从句when(L8)时间状语从句that(L9)宾语从句when(L10)时间状语从句if(L11)宾语从句when(L12)时间状语从句if(L13)宾语从句since(L14)原因状语从句that(L15)宾语从句that(L16)定语从句Reading,P6wordpowerpartsofspeech,partArest:(L16)n.剩余局部(L51)v.休息Welleatsomeofthebreadandkeeptherestforbreakfast.n.剩余局部我们将吃

20、一点面包，剩下的留到早饭时吃。Ialwaysrestforanhourafterdinner.v.休息晚饭后，我总要休息一小时。once:(L7)conj.一旦(L42)adv.曾经Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.conj.一旦一旦开始，你就得继续。Youlooklikeagirlwhooncesavedmylife.adv.曾经你看起来就像是那个曾经救我一命的女孩。Reading,P6wordpowerpartsofspeech,partAleft:(P2,L2)v.离开，leave的过去式(P3，L43)adj.左边的,turnleft左转Doyouknowwhy

21、Johnleftourcompany?v.离开你知道约翰为什么离开我们公司吗？Turnright,turnleft,Butstayonthepavement.adj.左边的向右拐，向左拐，但是要停在人行道上。still:(P2,L5)adv.仍然(P2,L29)adj.静止的，不动的Inpractice,westillneedtostudyEnglishhard.adv.仍然实际上，我们仍然需要努力学习英语。Theroomwasstillattheendofthespeech.adj.静止的演讲结束的时候，房间里寂静无声。Reading,P6wordpowerpartsofspeech,par

22、tB1.causevt.引起2.causen.原因3.answern.答复；答案4.answerv.答复5.increasesv.增加6.increasen.增加Reading,P7weathersun:n.sunny:adj.睛朗的rain:n.rainy:adj.下雨的，多雨的cloud:ncloudy:adj.多云的；阴天的snow:nsnowy:adj.下雪的，多雪的fog/mistfoggy:adj.有雾的,雾茫茫的showeraun.阵雨thunderndn.雷vi.打雷lighteninglaitnin.闪电v.闪电hurricanehriknn.飓风，暴风snowstormn.

23、暴风雪,雪暴Reading,P7weatherPartAfloodfldn.洪水bytheway顺便说说，顺便问一下Heresyourbus.你等的公交车到了PartBweatherforecastn.天气预报lunchtimelnttaimn.午餐时间earlyeveningn.黄昏turntov.变成midnightn.午夜，半夜12点钟1.sunny2.cloudy3.rain4.thunder/lightening5.stormnounclause名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、

24、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连词5个：that宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略whether,if均表示“是否说明从句内容的不确定性asif,asthough均表示“好似，“似乎以上在从句中均不充当任何成分连接代词9个：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever连接副词7个：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,howeverHi

25、s job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day.I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.nounclause名词性从句一一. 主语从句主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由附属连词that，whether，if，

26、asif和because等连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever，whom等以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保存自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。because引导表语从句。注：whom、who指人，what指物，whatever，whoever表示泛指意义。nounclause名词性从句一一. 主语从句主语从句例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 Who will win the

27、 match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 nounclause名词性从句一一. 主语从句主语从句有时为防止句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：1It+be+名词+that从句

28、2It+be+形容词+that从句3It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句4It+不及物动词+that从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatItissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)thatnounclause名词性从句一一. 主语从句主语从句 P81.ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy陈述句Itma

29、kesmehappythatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegiveme.2.Whetherhellbeabletocomeisnotyetknown.一般疑问句Itisnotyetknownwhetherhellbeabletocome.3.Whytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofar.特殊疑问句Itisnotclearsofarwhytheyhavenotleftyet.Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚Its sai

30、d/ reported that 据说据说/据报道据报道It seems/appears/happens that 显然、明显、碰巧显然、明显、碰巧.Its been announced/declared that 已经通知已经通知/宣布宣布Its no wonder that 并不奇怪并不奇怪/无疑无疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知众所周知 / a common saying俗话说俗话说thatnounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关

31、联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。的宾语。 1. 由连接词由连接词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由连接词由连接词that引导宾语从句时，引导宾语从句时，that在句中不在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的第二个分句前的that不可省。不可省。例如：例如： He has told me that he will go to Shan

32、ghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句 P81.V.作动词的宾语Shebelievedthathehadnottoldherthetruth.Iwonderif/whetherthatsagoodidea.Pollydidntknowwhichwaysheshouldgo.2.Preposition介词，作介词的宾语Iminterestedinwhothattallmanis

33、.TherewasadiscussionaboutwhetherPollyhadfoundtheblindman.nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句 P83.useitasapreparatoryobject形式宾语 在在主主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that从句从句(真正宾语真正宾语) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.Theconductorhasmadeitclearthatnobuseswillberunning.nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句

34、That在宾语从句中的省略与保存在宾语从句中的省略与保存1. 由连接词由连接词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由连接词由连接词that引导宾语从句时，引导宾语从句时，that在句中不在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的第二个分句前的that不可省。不可省。例如：例如： He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.2. use it as a preparatory object 形式宾形式宾语语

35、在主在主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that从句从句(真正宾语真正宾语) 的句型中不省略的句型中不省略 We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command,doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“should+动词原形。例如：Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作

36、。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shewillgivew

37、hoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句用用whether或或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与与if 在作在作“是否的意思讲时在以下情况是否的意思讲时在以下情况下一般只能用下一般只能用whether，不用，不用if： 1、 在动词不定式之前只能用在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。如：。如： I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决

38、定是我不能决定是否留下。否留下。 2、 在在whether or not 的固定搭配中。如：的固定搭配中。如： I want to know whether its good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。我想知道是否是好消息。 3 、在介词后，只能用、在介词后，只能用whether。如：。如： His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担忧他的父亲担忧 是否会失去工作。是否会失去工作。 免歧义免歧义. nounclause名词性从句二.宾语从句宾语从句4.引导表语从句eg:Thequestioni

39、swhetherwecangetintouchwithher5、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ireallydontknow.这是否真的，我真的不知道。6、用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：Couldyoutellmeifyouknowtheanswer?这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？。如用whether可避nounclause名词性从句三、表语从句三、表语从句在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表

40、语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif/though引导。其根本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。ThatsjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。Thatiswhyhedidntcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。nounclause名词性从句三、表语从句三、表语从句需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引

41、导而不是because。例如：Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.【注意】whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。nounclause名词性从句四、同位语从句四、同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、sugg

42、estion、truth、wish、word等。例如：Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人冲动。Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.名词名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同

43、位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should + do, should 可省略可省略 nounclause名词性从句四、同位语从句四、同位语从句同位语从句和定语从句的区别：同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 定语从句是先行词的修饰语。定语从句是先行词的修饰语。that作为关系代作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作宾语时可以省略； 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，说明中心词的具体内容。说明，说明中心词的具体内容。 that引导同位语引导同位语从句时，起连词的

44、作用，没有实际意义，不充当句从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句试比较下面两个例句: I had no idea that you were herethat引引导同位语从句，不能省略导同位语从句，不能省略 nounclause名词性从句四、定语从句四、定语从句定语从句定语从句Attributive Clauses在句中做定语，在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词关系代词

45、或关系副词引出。系词关系代词或关系副词引出。定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语动词不定式短语、起修饰、限定作用的词、短语动词不定式短语、动名词表示的汉语中常用动名词表示的汉语中常用“的表示。的表示。 that that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：thatthat不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：1.1.主语从句主语从句也包括形式主语表语从句也包括形式主语表语从句2.2.表语从句表语从句3.3.同位语从句同位语从句4.4.用用itit做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句5.5.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的

46、宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that that 不能省略不能省略单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略Grammarandusage,P9Pleasantsmellsreducepain?(L1)reducepain减少疼痛减少疼痛(L5)breathin吸进吸进 (L11)sniffpleasantsmell闻香味闻香味(L13)nolonger不再不再(L13)toleratethepain忍受疼痛忍受疼痛(L14)berelatedto(doing)sth.与与相关相关(L15)becuriousaboutsth.对好奇(L23)belinkedto(doing)s

47、th.与与相联相联系系(L24)usedtodosth.过去常常做某事Grammarandusage,P9Pleasantsmellsreducepain?reduce:v.减少，降低，减缓【反义词】increasev.增加reducepain/costs/speed:减轻痛苦、降低价格、减慢速度volunteer:n.志愿者v.志愿做，自愿做volunteertodosth.志愿做某事Manyvolunteersvolunteeredtohelptheoldintheirtown.许多志愿者自愿帮助镇上的老人。voluntary:adj.志愿的voluntarily:adv.志愿地Gramm

48、arandusage,P9Pleasantsmellsreducepain?recognize:vt.认出Icouldhardlyrecognizeheratfirstsight.我第一眼几乎不能认出她。puzzle:n.迷，疑问vt.sthpuzzlesb.某物令某人迷惑puzzled:adj.感到迷惑的人作主语puzzling:adj.令人迷惑的物作主语Grammarandusage,P9Pleasantsmellsreducepain?that(L1)同位语从句Thepossibilitythatpleasantsmellsmightreducepainwhile(L5)时间状语从句wh

49、ilebreathingindifferentsmells.since(L6)原因状语从句Sinceitisbelievedthatstrongsmellscanaffectthesenses,that(L6)主语从句(it是形式主语itisbelievedthatstrongsmellscanaffectthesenses,until(L13)时间状语从句untiltheycouldnolongertoleratethepain.whether(L14)宾语从句(作介词in的宾语interestedinwhetherthesenseofsmellisrelatedtopain.Grammar

50、andusage,P9Pleasantsmellsreducepain?whether(L15)宾语从句(作介词about的宾语curiousaboutwhetheritisthesameforbothsexes.that(L16、18、20)宾语从句作动词宾语hasprovedthatforwomen,pleasantsmellsreducepain.(L16)Hesaysthatscientistshavealreadycollecteddatafrom40volunteers.(L18)作动词宾语Headdsthatthisyear,scientistswilltestanother60

51、volunteersandwillbeinabetterpositiontoanalysetheresults.(L20)Grammarandusage,P9Pleasantsmellsreducepain?that(L22)表语从句isthatwomenssenseofsmellisandthesmellofbabies.that(L24)宾语从句作动词宾语believethatmothersrecognizetheirchildrenbysightonly.that(L26)宾语从句作动词宾语convincedthatthesenseofsmellalsohelps.why(L27)主语从

52、句whypleasantsmellsdonotreducepaininmenremainsapuzzleforscientists名词性从句,P101.(1)当名词性从句是陈述句时，由that引导Theradioannouncedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfog.(宾语从句)1.(2)当名词性从句是作主语时(主语从句),that不能省略Thatwecouldntfindourwayoutwasreallybadnews.Thatamancametoshowherthewaymadeherhappy.名词性从句,P101.(3)当名词性从句作宾语或表语时(宾语从句、

53、表语从句),非正式英语中that可省略Shewished(that)someonewouldcomealongtohelpher.(宾语从句)comealong:v.出现Thetruthis(that)thebuseswillnotberunning.(表语从句)名词性从句,P102.(1)当名词性从句是一般疑问句时，用if/whether引导，改为:陈述语序Shewondered.Wouldthebusesstillberunning?Shewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.(宾语从句)2.(2)当名词性从句在介词后(介词后的宾语从句

54、),只用whether引导Sheisnotcertainaboutwhethershehasdoneanythingwrong.becertainaboutsth.确信,肯定名词性从句,P102.(3)当名词性从句是一般疑问句作主语置于句首时(主语从句),只用whether引导Whetheritisgoingtoclearupkeepsmewondering.clearup:v.放晴2.(4)whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时,不用if.IwanttoknowwhetherornotthetraingoestoKingStreet.Nooneknowswhetherornotthe

55、fogwillclearupthisafternoon.名词性从句,P103.当一个动词后有两个名词性从句作宾语时(宾语从句),第二个名词性从句前的that,if/whether不能省略Hesaid(that)helikedrainverymuchandthathewouldntuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining.Nooneknowswhether/ifitwillbefinetomorrowandwhether/ifhewillcometowork.a. a. 主语从句主语从句b. b. 表语从句表语从句c. c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. e. 介词后的宾语从句介词

56、后的宾语从句f. whether to do f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to if to do.do.g whetheror not g whetheror not 连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时不用不用if.if.不能使用if 的情况：that that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：thatthat不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略单个宾语

57、从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略名词性从句A,P11languagepointsmakesense：v.有意义makethemostof:v.makethebestof,makefulluseof充分利用later:adv.后来ignore:v.无视ignorant:adj.无知的ratherthan而不是,宁可也不愿turnon:v.翻开(反)turnoff:v.关上nightshirt:n.衬衫式长睡衣,男用长睡衣名词性从句名词性从句 A, P111.if(宾语从句2.that宾语从句3.that宾语从句4.that主语从句5.whether宾语从句6.that宾语从句L2.w

58、henweareyoung时间状语从句L5.whileoursensesofsightisusedtoomuch(while:连词,表转折,而,然而L8.WhilehavingdinnerL9.WhilerelaxingathomeL11.Whilesleeping(while：连词,当.的时候,和.同时)名词性从句名词性从句 A, P11L10.Beforegoingtobed时间状语从句v-ing表主动、进行L8.L9.L10.L11. v-ed表被动、完成当主句和从句主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语L8.L9.L10.L11.L10.havesomeflowersnexttoyouthat

59、smellnice.(定语从句，关系词:that作主语,先行词:flowers)L11.anightshirtthatispleasanttotouch定语从句，关系词:that作主语,先行词:nightshirt名词性从句B,P11L1.theNorthPole北极theSouthPole南极L5.makeoneswayto：v.艰难前进L7.warmsb.up：v.使某人暖和起来L6.cannotfeeloneshands某人的手失去知觉,手麻了L9.getcloseto：v.靠近L9.findout：v.找出，发现L10.moveon：v.往前走，前进名词性从句B,P11L13.turn

60、around：v.转身,调头L14.beinsight看得见beoutofsight看不见L15.continuedoingsth.：v.继续做某事L16.allofasudden：suddenly,突然L16.sweatwithfear：v.因害怕而出汗L17.ringout：v.发出响亮的声音L19.befrozenwith：v.由于名词性从句B,P11宾语从句1.that(宾语从句2.that(宾语从句3.that(宾语从句4.if/whether(宾语从句5.that(宾语从句6.if/whether(宾语从句7.that(宾语从句8.that(表语从句名词性从句B,P11clause

61、s从句L2.Istillfeltthatmayhandsandfeetwerecold.宾语从句L4.TherewassuchaterriblesnowstormthatIcouldhardlysee.定语从句L6.IthoughtthatIneededsomestrength.宾语从句L8,butIknewthatIwasgettingclosetothecamp,宾语从句L9,asIcouldsmellfood.原因状语从句名词性从句B,P11clauses从句L9.Ishoutedtofindoutif/whethertherewasanyonethere,宾语从句L10.AsIslow

62、lymovedon,时间状语从句L11.ItbecameimpossibletoseewhereIwasgoing.宾语从句L12.IalmostbelievedthatIwouldneverfindmyway.宾语从句名词性从句B,P11clauses从句L14.Iwonderedif/whetheritwasthesoundofthewind.宾语从句15,butstoppedwhenIheardthefootstepsapproachingagain.时间状语从句L17andIfeltthatmyshoulderwasbeinggraspedbyahand.宾语从句L18.Thefact

63、wasthatnowIwasfrozenbymyfear,notbycold.表语从句skill building 1, P12language pointsL1.distance:n.距离L1.inthedistance在远处suit:n.一套衣服vt.sthsuitsb.适合besuitedto适合attach:vt.1.贴上，系上attachsth.tosth.attachimportancetosth.重视某事2.使依附;使附属Thishospitalisattachedtothemedicalcollegenearby.这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。skill building 1

64、, P12language pointsatsea在海上；茫然；感觉困惑setsail启航fly-flew-flownmanagetodosth.设法完成某事Ifyoucanmanagetodoit,everythingwillchange.如果你设法做成了，一切都会发生改变。lifeboatlaifbutn.救生艇，救生船starving:adj.挨饿的,饥饿的v.使饿死,挨饿starve的ing形式skill building 1, P12language pointsBermudaTriangle百慕大cryoutv.大声呼喊；大声抱怨Thepainmadehimcry out.疼痛使得

65、他大喊大叫。aroundtheworld世界各地；全世界outgoingadj.外向的skill building 1, P12answersAa.3b.1c.6d.2e.5f.4Ba.Bb.Sc.Ed.Be.Bf.Bskill building 1, P12grammarTask P14-15answersSkillsbuilding2,P14 comicstrip连环画2.thoughtbubble3.caption4.speechbubble5.soundbubble6.thoughtbubble7.soundbubbleStep2,P151.stared2.felt3.heard4.s

66、mell5.tastedTask P16skill building 3例句1.2thinkover:v.考虑,思考makecomments:v.(发表)评论PleasethinkoverwhatIsaid.请仔细考虑一下我说的话。2.0concentrateondoingsth.:v.focuson集中精力于,全神贯注于Concentrateonachievingyourgoal.集中精力去实现你的目标。Task P16skill building 31.Adjectives形容词L1.GoodweakL2.hotcoldL3.newL5.WildL6.leftL7.nearestL9.sa

67、fehardL10.NextfewL12.variousstrongL14.GratefulhopefulL15.near2.Adverbs副词L2.nowL5.agoL7.quicklyL7.laterL14.veryL14.fullyTask P17step 3. AL1.atlast最后L1.so+adj./adv.+thatclause如此以致于Herunssofastthatnobodycancatchupwithhim.L3.stareatsb./sth.:v.凝视,盯着看L3.fallasleep:v.入睡，睡着L4.taptpv.轻拍L4.lookup:v.仰望L9.insig

68、ht看得见confused:adj.感到疑/迷惑的L11.toonessurprise让人惊讶Task P17step 3. AL12.whisperhwispn.私语v.耳语,低声说出L13eacross:v.偶遇；无意中发现NeverhaveIcomeacrosssuchadifficultproblem.我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题L15.smileat:v.对微笑Icansmileattheolddays.我能对往昔微笑。L15.reachout:v.伸出(手)L18.bitebit-bittenTask P17 step 3. A1.tired2.asleep3.Suddenly4

69、.alive5.frightened6.loudly7.back8.beautiful9.red10.deliciousTask P17 step 3. ATask P17 step 3. Bpayattentiontokeeppacefacialexpression面部表情looksb.intheeyehandgestures手势Project P18-19 Producing a TV showAnimalsarefriendsofhumanbeings.However,someanimalswillcausetroubleordangertousinsomesituations.Fore

70、xample,whentheyarehungryorwhentheyfeelthemselvesindanger.Doyouknowsomedangerousanimalsinthewater?Project DangerinthewaterShark attacksProject shark attacks, P18FastreadingHowmanytypesofsharks?Whatisthemostdangerousshark?Whatarethreetypesofsharkattacks?Whatarefourtipsonhowtoavoidbeingattackedbysharks

71、?Whyisthenumberofsharkattacksincreasing?Whatarethethreetipsonwhattodoifasharkattacks?shark attacks, P18structurePara1Namethethreefiercesharks1.Greatwhiteshark大白鲨2.Tigershark虎鲨2.Bullshark牛鲨shark attacks, P18 structurePara. 2Sharks seldom attack humans.Para.2Three types of shark attacksPara.3Four tips

72、on how to avoid being attacked by sharks.1.Mistakenyouforafishtaste,giveup,swimaway2.Pushandbite3.Waitforyoutoswimbyshark attacks, P18 structurePara.4An increase in water sports has led to an increase in shark attacks. Three tips on what to do if a shark attacks.Para.5Do not be frightened by sharks.

73、shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsTVshow电视节目L3.beknowntodosth.因知名/闻名L4.humanbeings,humans:n.人类L11.contraryto：v.与相反contrary:adv.相反地，反对地Contrarytoexpectation,hedidntwininthecontest.与预期相反,他在竞赛中没有获奖。adj.相反的,对立的Whathesaidiscontrarytothefact.他说的与事实完全相反。n.相反;相反的事物Youdidntbotherme.Onthecontrary,Ilikeyourcomp

74、any.你没有打搅我。相反地,我喜欢你的陪伴。shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL17.mistakenmisteiknadj.错误的；弄错的；被误解的v.弄错mistake的过去分词Iamoftenmistakenformysister.我经常被误认作我姐姐。mistaken(sth.)forsth.误认为Youmusthavemistakenherforhersister.你一定是把她误认为是她的姊妹了。L19.giveup放弃Pleasedonotgiveuphope.请不要放弃希望！shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL21

75、.find out发现L27.result in:v.导致Thesethoughtscanresultingreatanger.这些想法会引发极大的愤怒。L30.follow the suggestions听从建议L36.fresh wound:n.尚未愈合的伤口L38.over a long distance在远处Sharkscansmellbloodoveralongdistance.即使隔着很远的距离，鲨鱼仍能嗅到血腥味。shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL39.attract:vt.引起.的注意(或兴趣等)L39.be attracted to sth.

76、被吸引到,喜欢JimwasattractedtotheItaliangirl.吉姆被那位意大利女孩所吸引。Thegardencityattractsmanytourists.那个花园城市吸引许多游客。attraction:n.吸引，吸引力，吸引物attractive:adj.吸引的，有吸引力的shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL44.avoidsth./doingsth.防止Inordertoavoidfailure,wehadtoworkharder.为了防止失败，我们不得不更加努力学习。Studyofhistorycouldhelpavoidmakingth

77、esamemistakestwice.学习历史可以防止在同一个地方跌倒两次。shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL44.large numbers of大量的Largenumbersofvisitorsarefromallovertheworld.很多旅游者都是来自世界各地。L47.water sports水上运动L49.follow the advice听从建议L51.keep calm保持冷静Keepcalm!Dontpanic!沉住气，别慌!shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL52. Hit the shark on the

78、nose.打在鲨鱼的鼻子上。打在鲨鱼的鼻子上。这是一种这是一种动词动词 + 宾语宾语 + by (on, in) + the + 身体部位身体部位等的结构，等的结构，此种类型常用的动词有：此种类型常用的动词有：catch, pull, shake, seize, hit, take, beat Suddenly,hetookmebythehand.突然他抓住了我的手。突然他抓住了我的手。Theballhittheheadmasteronthehead.球打在校长的头上。球打在校长的头上。 shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsL57.likelyadj.很可能的,有

79、希望的Its (very/ most) likely that 可能Itisverylikelythathesintroublenow.很可能他现在遇到麻烦了。sb. be likely to do sth.可能Heslikelytowinthegame.他很有可能会赢这场比赛.Heislikelytocome.=Itislikelythathewillcome.可以说It is likely/probable/ possible to do sth./ that 但只能说sb.islikelytodosth.shark attacks, P18 LanguagePointsshark att

80、acks, P18GrammarL5knowthatthemostdangeroussharkisthegreatwhiteshark,宾语从句L7becausetheyhaveseenthefilmJaws.原因状语从句L13showsthatsharksseldomattackhumans.宾语从句L16becauseitmistakenyouforafish,原因状语从句shark attacks, P18GrammarL17whenittasteshumanflesh时间状语从句L22findoutifyouarefittobeeaten,宾语从句L23ifitthinksyouare

81、.条件状语从句,如果L43,assharksusuallyavoidlargenumbersofpeople.原因状语从句L48.Ifasharkattackyou,条件状语从句,如果Thewonderfulworldofpigeons,P19Thewonderfulworldofpigeons,P19Fast Reading1.Whydidtheofficerwriteamessageinthestory?2.Bywhatmeanswasthemessagesent?3.Howdopigeonsfindtheirway?Thewonderfulworldofpigeons,P19Langua

82、gePointspigeon鸽子L1.asleepsli:padj.睡着的beasleepL2.flashfln.闪光L3.hundredsof+n.好几百的，成百的L3.enemysoldiers:n.敌军L7.rollup:v.卷起来reachinto伸进(手)L8.attachto:v.把固定在上面L10.intime及时L12.senseofdirection:n.方向感L13.overlongdistances越过很长的距离L14.faraway遥远的Thewonderfulworldofpigeons,P19LanguagePointsL14.asas像一样Myfatherknow

83、sasmuchasmyteacher.我爸爸和我老师知道的一样多。L15.ancienttimes古代L16.beinwar战争中L18.frontlines前线L17.WorldWarand第一次和第二次世界大战L20.appearto似乎，好似Weappeartobelivinginanageofanger.我们看上去生活在一个愤怒的时代“。L20pass罗盘L24.unlike:prep.不像(反)likeL24.getlost迷路Thewonderfulworldofpigeons,P19grammarL1whileaguardwatchesfortheenemy.时间状语从句L11.

84、Thoughitmayseemhardtobelieve,让步状语从句L15.Thatiswhypigeonshavebeenusedsinceancienttimestocarrythenewsoreventhemail.表语从句L16,itwasinwarthattheyfoundtheirgreatestuse.强调句型L21.Pigeonsappeartohaveacompassinsidethemthattellsthemwhichwayisnorth.定语从句,宾语从句L24tellthemwhichwaytheyshouldgo.宾语从句Thewonderfulworldofpigeons,P19grammar