《英美国家概况ppt课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英美国家概况ppt课件（55页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英美国家概况部分英美国家概况部分l 国家地理常识国家地理常识l 国家历史知识国家历史知识l 国家政治常识国家政治常识l 社会文化知识社会文化知识一、国家地理常识一、国家地理常识国家国家国家国家首都首都首都首都最大城市最大城市最大城市最大城市 最长河流最长河流最长河流最长河流英国英国LondonLondonLondonLondonthe Severn Riverthe Severn River美国美国WashingtonWashington New YorkNew Yorkthe Mississippi Riverthe Mississippi River加拿大加拿大OttawaOttawaTo
2、rontoTorontothe Mackenzie Riverthe Mackenzie River澳大利亚澳大利亚CanberraCanberraSydneySydneythe Murray Riverthe Murray River新西兰新西兰WellingtonWellingtonAucklandAucklandthe Waikato Riverthe Waikato River爱尔兰爱尔兰DublinDublinDublinDublinthe Shannon Riverthe Shannon River二、国家历史知识二、国家历史知识1. 1. 最早居民或早期居民最早居民或早期居民l
3、英国：古伊比利亚人l 美国：印第安人l 加拿大：因纽特人l 澳大利亚：土著居民l 新西兰：毛利人2.2.重要历史事件重要历史事件l 英国：1066年诺曼征服、英法百年战争、英国内战、北爱尔兰问题l 美国：独立战争、南北战争l 加拿大：魁北克问题3.3.重要历史文献重要历史文献l 英国英国: :大宪章大宪章( (Great Charter) ) 权利法案权利法案( (The Bill of Rights) ) 英爱条约英爱条约( (Anglo-Irish Treaty) ) 维坦基条约维坦基条约( (Treaty of Waitangi) )l 美国美国: :独立宣言独立宣言(The Decla
4、ration of Independence)4.4.历史人物历史人物l 英国：亨利八世、伊丽莎白一世、 詹姆斯 . . 库克l 美国：华盛顿三、国家政治常识三、国家政治常识国家国家国家国家政体政体政体政体实权元首及实权元首及实权元首及实权元首及每届任期每届任期每届任期每届任期主要政党主要政党主要政党主要政党国会或议会国会或议会国会或议会国会或议会英国英国君主立宪制君主立宪制国家国家首相（首相（5 5年）年）工党工党保守党保守党上议院上议院下议院下议院美国美国总统共和制总统共和制国家国家总统（总统（4 4年）年）民主党民主党共和党共和党参议院参议院众议院众议院加拿大加拿大君主立宪制联君主立宪制
5、联邦国家邦国家总理（总理（5 5年）年）自由党自由党进步保守党进步保守党参议院参议院众议院众议院澳大利亚澳大利亚君主立宪制联君主立宪制联邦议会制国家邦议会制国家总理（总理（3 3年）年）工党工党自由党自由党参议院参议院众议院众议院新西兰新西兰议会制和君主议会制和君主立宪制国家立宪制国家总督（总督（5 5年）年）国民党国民党工党工党众议院众议院爱尔兰爱尔兰议会共和国议会共和国总统（总统（7 7年）年）共和党共和党统一党统一党参议院参议院众议院众议院四、社会文化知识四、社会文化知识1.1.宗教情况宗教情况l 英国：国教、新教徒l 美国：新教、天主教、犹太教l 加拿大：罗马天主教、联合教、卫理公教l
6、 爱尔兰：天主教2.2.教育情况教育情况 英国：英国：l 义务教育年龄: 5-16岁l 著名“公学”: 伊顿、哈罗、 威斯敏斯特、温切斯特l 最古老的大学:牛津大学、 剑桥大学 美国：美国：l 高等教育的三个主要职能： 教学、研究、公众服务l 历史最悠久的大学：哈佛大学l 大学经费三大主要来源：学生学费、 社会捐助、政府拨款3.3.媒体情况媒体情况 英国：英国：l 最古老的全国性报纸：The Observerl 最古老日报：The Timesl BBC成立于1922年，1927年获皇家 特许状美国美国三大广播公司：三大广播公司：l 美国广播公司 (ABC )l 美国有线新闻广播公司 (CNN)
7、l 美国哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS)4.4.体育运动常识体育运动常识l 英国最典型的运动：板球l 现代足球起源于苏格兰l 现代网球由英国人发明l 美国最古老运动：棒球1. The first known settlers of Bri- tain were _. A. the Celts B. the Romans C. the Iberians D. the Beaker of Fold 2. Great Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the _ in the south. A. North Sea B. Atlantic O
8、cean C. Straits of Dover D. English Channel3. Britains longest river is_. A. the Clyde B. the Thames C. the Severn D. the Tweed 4. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _. A. 200BCB. 55BC C. AD55D. AD410 5. Education is compulsory for all between the ages of _ a
9、nd _ in Great Britain except in North Ireland. A. 4, 16B. 4, 18 C. 5, 16D. 5, 186. The University of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _ centuries. A. 9th and 10th B. 10th and 11th C. 11th and 12th D. 12th and 13th 7. The Hundred Years War between Britain and France was fought_. A. from 1327 to 145
10、3 B. from 1337 to 1453 C. from 1347 to 1453 D. from 1357 to 1453 8. The second largest state of the United States is _. A. Texas B. Alaska C. California D. Hawaii 9. Which of the following languages is not spoken in Scotland? A. EnglishB. Scottish C. GaelicD. Denish10. Among the most typical English
11、 sports, _ has been in existence since the 16th century. A. rugbyB. soccer C. cricketD. boxing11. Which of the following tribes first came to Britain? A. Anglos B. Saxons C. Jutes D. Celts12. In Britain only about _ of the population are farmers but they manage 70% of the land area. A. 2%B. 3% C. 4%
12、D. 5%13. Each of the 50 states of the USA elects _ senators. A. 10B. 4 C. 3D. 214. The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year_. A. 1918B. 1920 C. 1945D. 1949 15. The English Civil War is also called _. A. the Puritan Revolution B. the second Magna Carta C. the Long Parliament D. the Angl
13、ican War16. The goal of Roosevelts New Deal was to _. A. save the American economic and political system B. get America out of the depre- ssion C. weaken monopoly interests in AmericaD. strengthen the power of the president17. In terms of area, the United States is the _ largest country in the world
14、. A. 2ndB. 3rd C. 4th D. 5th18. In the 1960s pop music underwent a revolution when _ became world famous and turned their hometown of Liverpool into a place of pilgrimage. A. the Beach Boys B. the Rolling Stone C. the Animals D. the Beatles19. Which of the following is not a national daily newspaper
15、? A. Financial Times B. The Guardian C. The Times D. The Observers 20. Christopher Columbus who first discovered the New Continent came from_. A. EnglandB. Ireland C. Spain D. Italy21. The last English colony in America was _, which was established in 1733. A. North Carolina B. South Carolina C. Geo
16、rgia D. Arizona22. Of all the symbols, which are considered to represent fertility and new life and are most frequently associated with Easter? A. The pumpkin and turkey B. The lamb and beef C. The spring peas and potatoes D. The egg and rabbit23. The US formally entered the Second World War in _. A
17、. 1937B. 1939 C. 1941D. 1943 24. In America, the three biggest newspapers are of the following except_. A. New York Times B. Readers Digest C. Washington Post D. Los angels Times25. British was by 1830 the “work- shop of the world” because of_. A. the Agricultural Revolution B. the Industrial Revolu
18、tion C. colonial expansion D. the invention of the steam engine26. China and America established diplomatic relations in January _. A. 1972B. 1976 C. 1978D. 197927. _ is the home of golf. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Ireland28. In the US, Constitutional Amend-ment can go into effect after it i
19、s approved by _.A. a two-thirds vote of both housesB. three-fourths of the statesC. two-thirds of the statesD. half of the states29. Edinburgh is the capital of _. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland30. Reuters was founded in _. A. 1715 B. 1751 C. 1851 D. 181531. Which of the followi
20、ng is not in the east part of the USA? A. Massachusetts B. Maine C. North Carolina D. Louisiana32. Where is the international tennis championships held? A. Wembley B. Wimbeldon C. St. Aandrews D. Clapham33. There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and_. A. the Liberal
21、Party B. the Democratic Party C. the Labour Party D. the Republican Party 34. New Zealand is sometimes called the worlds biggest farm. It is the worlds largest exporter of _. A. beefB. lamb and mutton C. wheatD. corn35. The 50th state in America is _. A. Alaska B. Texas C. Hawaii D. Rhode Island36.
22、The American policy towards the Soviet Union after the Second World War was _. A. cooperation B. cold war C. containment D. impartiality37. In America the judicial is headed by _.A. the PresidentB. CongressC. the Supreme CourtD. the Secretary General 38. The smallest state of the United States is _.
23、A. Rhode IslandB. MaineC. TexasD. Alaska39. On the island of Great Britain, there are _. A. four political divisions England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland B. four political divisions England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland C. three political divisions England, Scotland, and Wales D. three political divisions England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland40. Which degree is offered in community colleges in the United States? A. Masters degree B. Doctors degree C. Bachelors degree D. Associates degree
