大学英语四级题型分析及复习攻略

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1、大学英语四级考试应试策略 CET-4CET-4Brief Introduction考试时间考试时间: 130 分数分数: 710及格及格:NO成绩报告单成绩报告单:220 口语报考资格口语报考资格:550六级报考线六级报考线: 425试卷描述试卷结构试卷结构测试内容测试内容测试题型测试题型分值比例分值比例考试时间考试时间写作写作写作写作短文写作短文写作15%30分钟分钟听力理解（有变听力理解（有变化）化）听力对话听力对话短对话短对话多项选择多项选择8%30分钟分钟长对话长对话多项选择多项选择7%听力短文听力短文短文理解短文理解多项选择多项选择10%短文听写短文听写单词及词组听写（原来复单词及词

2、组听写（原来复合式听写）合式听写）10%阅读理解（有变阅读理解（有变化）化）词汇理解词汇理解选词填空选词填空5%40分钟分钟长篇阅读（原为快速阅读）长篇阅读（原为快速阅读）匹配匹配10%仔细阅读仔细阅读多项选择多项选择20%翻译（有变化）翻译（有变化）汉译英汉译英段落翻译（原来单句翻译）段落翻译（原来单句翻译）15%30分钟分钟总计总计100%130分钟分钟试试卷构成卷构成测试测试内容内容测试题测试题型型分分值值比例比例听力理解听力对话短对话多项选择35%长对话多项选择听力短文短文理解多项选择短文听写复合式听写阅读理解仔细阅读理解篇章阅读理解多项选择35%篇章词汇理解或短句问答选词填空或短句问

3、答快速阅读理解是非判断+句子填空或其他完型填空或改错完型填空或改错多项选择或错误辨认并改正10%写作和翻写作和翻译译写作短文写作20%翻译中译英写作和翻译写作和翻译部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力。写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确，意义连贯、无重大语法错误。翻译部分要求考生用正确的语法结构和符合英语习惯的表达，将单句中的汉语译成英语。写作部分考核的技能A思想表达思想表达 1 表达中心思想 2 表达重要或特定信息 3 表达观点、态度等B篇章组织篇章组织 4 围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点 5 连贯地组句成段，组段成篇C语言运用语言运用 6 运用恰当的词汇 7 运用正

4、确的语法 8 运用合适的句子结构 9 使用正确的标点符号 10 运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）D写作格式写作格式 11 运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式四级作文题评分原则1.CET作文题采用总体评分 (Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人就总的印象给出奖励分(Reward Scores)，而不是按照语言点的错误数目扣分。2.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合判断。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而合适地表达思想，也就是考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。评分标准1.作文满分为15分。2. 阅卷标准分为五等：2分、5分、8分、

5、11分、14分。3.评分标准： 2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子有错误，且多数为严重错误 5分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语言错误。 8分基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。 11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯、但有少量语言错误 14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺、连贯，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。（注：字数不足应酌情扣分。白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个鼓励的词而无表达思想，则给0分。）Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, yo

6、u are allowed 30 minutes to write a Campaign Speech. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1.你认为自己具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作2.如果当选,你将为本校同学做些什么ACampaignSpeechToday I am very glad to run for the president of the Students Union. I am jun

7、ior in Chemical Department. Since I came into the university, I have always been the monitor of my class. I have done a very good job for my classmates, and my classmates and my teacher all give me a good praise. I am good at communication and organizing. And I like to help others. Moreover, I have

8、a variety of hobbies, for example, playing basketball, playing football, playing table tennis, etc. I am sure that I am qualified for this position. If I become the president, I will try my best to do well. I will organize some suitable activities for you. I will do many things for you to reach your

9、 demands as well. I sincerely hope you will give me a chance, and please believe me that I will be a good president. Thank you.真题作文题目Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling (2010.6)Creating a Green Campus (2009.12)Free Admission to Museums (2009.6)Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags (2008.

10、12)Recreational Activities (2008.6)What Electives to Choose (2007.12)Welcome to Join in Our Club (2007.6)On the Spring Festival Gala (2006.12)On Students Selecting Lectures (2006.6)Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourism? (2005.12)1.说明利弊题型（2009年6月）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 3

11、0 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Museums. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.越来越多的博物馆免费开放，目的是什么2.也会带来一些问题3.你的看法2008年6月写作真题Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Recreational A

12、ctivities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生我的看法说明利弊题型模板1 Nowadays many people prefer (_) because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. On one hand, (_).One

13、the other hand,(_). But every sword has two blades. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the prominent disadvantages is that (_).To make matters worse,(_). Through the above analysis, I believe that The positive aspects far outweighs its negative aspects. Whatever effects it has, one thing

14、 is certain,(_) itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses which is put on it that determines its value to our society. 说明利弊题型模板2There is no consensus among people as to the view of (_).The opinions vary from person to person. Some people hold the idea that (_).A case in point is that (_). On th

15、e other hand, other may have a quite different view. According to them, (_).The most typical example is that (_). Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extent, but (_) is more con

16、vincing. 相似预测Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Parks. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.越来越多的公园免费开放，目的是什么2.也会带来一些问题3.你的看法范文FreeAdmissiontoParks (1)To encourage people to go outside and

17、relax, amountingnumberofparksofferfreeadmission now. People benefit from it especially during these tough economic times. (2)Withfreeentry,morepeoplewill have opportunity for affordable vacations for families, taking pleasure in the natural landscape. Fresh air and landscape in the parks are good fo

18、r people. (3)However, too many people flocking into the parks might not be so good for the parks. (4)Forexample, some visitors leave the garbage behind, which may cause environmental pollution. Peoples barbeques and stamping will also bring damage to the grassland and other greeneries in the parks.

19、点评点评（1）开门见山，指出现象及目）开门见山，指出现象及目的的（2）进一步说明公园免费开放）进一步说明公园免费开放的好处的好处（3）转折，说明公园免费可能）转折，说明公园免费可能带来的问题带来的问题（4）举例说明）举例说明(5)Asauniversitystudent,Imfavorof free admission to the parks. Free entry to parks not only saves peoples culture expenditure, but also makes things fairer-people like the poor and student

20、s can go to the parks frequently as well. (6)Ontheotherhand, visitors should be informed to preserve the environment while enjoying the beauty of the nature.（5）表明自己的看法）表明自己的看法（6）说明公园在免费开放时）说明公园在免费开放时应注意的事项应注意的事项相似预测Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the t

21、opic of The Internet. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.有人认为网络可以让学习、工作更有效率2.有人认为网络让青少年沉迷，影响学习3.我的看法The Internet (1) Intheeraofinformationandtechnology,theInternethasplayedanimportantroleinoursociety. (2) However,peoplesopinionsarestilldividedonthispoint. (3) Tho

22、sewhoareinfavoroftheInternet claim that it has a lot of advantages.(4) Firstly, information searching is no longer a tough job with the help of all kinds of searchengines. (4)Secondly, we can contact friends or business partners via e-mailsorsoftware such as Internet Meeting and Yahoo Messenger. (1)

23、开门见山，引出大背景开门见山，引出大背景（2）以）以however转折说转折说明人们的观点有分歧明人们的观点有分歧（3）用定语从句表示正）用定语从句表示正反方，两者遥相呼应，对反方，两者遥相呼应，对比鲜明比鲜明（4）分两点详述网络的）分两点详述网络的优点。优点。“搜索引擎搜索引擎”，“邮件或软件邮件或软件”(3)ThosewhoareopposedtotheInternet hold that its disadvantages are numerous. (5) Inthefirstplace, the Internet costs considerable time, money and

24、energy, especially for those with less self-control.(5) Inthesecondplace, increasing young people are indulged in online games and unhealthy information, which are extremely harmful to their development.（5）分两点详述网络）分两点详述网络的缺点：浪费时间、金的缺点：浪费时间、金钱和精力；沉迷网络影钱和精力；沉迷网络影响未来发展。响未来发展。(6) Inmyopinion, its (7) pr

25、osoutweighthecons. The past twenty years witnessed the fast development of the Internet along with the national economy. A bright future is awaiting us if we make good use of the Internet.（6）提出自己的观点）提出自己的观点（7）亮点词语：利大）亮点词语：利大于弊于弊2.“现象+原因+解决方法”题型Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to

26、 write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这种现象的原因是3.为了改变这种状况，我认为“现象+原因+解决方法”题型模板 With the development of the society, with the advent of (_),we have to face a problem that (_).

27、 What are the reasons for it? To start with,(_). Moreover, (_).Furthermore,(_). In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken. For one thing, it is high time that people all over China realized the importance of (_); for another, the government should issue laws and r

28、egulations to put the situation under control. 相似预测Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of College Students Job Hunting. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.近年来出现了大学生就业难的现象2.产生这种现象的原因（如大学生追求的目标过高，专业不对口等）3.如何解决这一

29、问题（改变就业观念，大学生再培训等）College Students Job Hunting In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomen

30、on? There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they co

31、nsider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs. Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies

32、 should value the students talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-toearth in building up their career. Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.An announcement to welcome students to

33、join to a club 本社团的主要活动参加本社团的好处如何加入本社团Welcome to Our Club第一段表明写作目的: Welcome to join our English-learning club. A wide range of activities and countless surprises are waiting for you to explore. 第二段：介绍主要活动和好处: We not only provide students with opportunities to appreciate English movies, such as The L

34、ord of Ring, My Best Friends Wedding, but also hold English speech contests and English corners in order to encourage our students to spare no effort to learn English well, and therefore, make our students capable to find decent jobs after graduation, confronting unprecedented fierce job competition

35、. After joining our club, you can also have accesses to some oral English courses, which are mainly taught by English native speakers, for free. 具体化在名词复数后加具体化在名词复数后加suchas本段成功地运用了扩句的方法本段成功地运用了扩句的方法+目的状语目的状语inorderto_,andtherefore,_+伴随状语伴随状语Confrontingunprecedentedfiercejobcompetition,第三段表示感谢和期待第三段表示

36、感谢和期待:WordsfailmewhenIwanttoexpressmygratitudetoyouforreadingthroughthisannouncement.Iamlookingforwardtoyourdecisiontojoinus.Ifyouwouldliketojoinourclub,pleasecontactusbydialing2293878856.开头常用句型Its well known to us thatRecently, has been brought to popular attention/has become the focus of public co

37、ncern.One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that中间段常用句型On the contrary, there are some people in favor ofAt the same time, they sayBut I dont think it is a very good way to solve For example, Worst of all,Confronted with,we should take a series of effective m

38、easures to For one thing, For another,It is high time that something was done about it. For example, In addition,All these measures will certainlyWhy? The first reason is that The second reason isThe third isFor all this, the main cause ofdue to英文句子的上下连贯，段落的过渡衔接，主要靠结构词来表示 如分段叙述某一个问题时，可用First Second

39、Third. 来表示衔接。 举例说明时可用for example for instance来表示。 进一步阐述时可用furthermore in addition similarly moreover来加以提示。 强调某一点的重要性时，可用surely truly undoubtedly clearly indeed as a matter of fact来加强句子的力度。 作结论时可用therefore in summary consequently in conclusion in short来导出。 分析因果时可用because due to so that as a result来表现

40、主从句之间的逻辑关系。 转换思路时，可用but however nevertheless otherwise等以示转折，而on the one hand on the other hand for one thing on the other side of the coin则可用来连接两个相反的事实或观点。 It follows that. It can be inferred that. It suggests that.则将读者引入的逻辑推理思路。 结尾常用句型In my opinion, it is more advisable to dothan to do.Taking into

41、account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion thatIt is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the improvement ofIt is high time that we put an end to Otherwise,Writing注意事项不要打具体的草稿，有个框架就足够了建议写3段式作文中间段（开头句+主题句+连接词+结尾句）卷面一定要整洁,不能有大篇幅的涂抹注意标点，句号是实心点。考前把一些好的句型抄下来背

42、,开头很重要5年内范文看一遍，有印象即可Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)n n1.七道选择题和三道填空题n n2.题目顺序与原文顺序一致n n3.注意数字、人名、地名、大写单词、段首或句首词等相关信息Listening ComprehensionnSection A:n8段短对话，每段为一轮对话一个问题；2段长对话，每段为5-8轮对话和3-4个问题；对话部分共15题。每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有15秒的答题时间。nSection B:n3篇短文，每篇长度为200-250词，朗读一遍，每篇3-4题，共10题，

43、每个题后留有15秒的答题时间。nSection C:n复合式听写采用一篇200-250词的短文，删去若干个单词和句子，全文朗读三遍。要求考生根据听到的内容填写所缺信息，所缺单词必须用原文填写，所缺句子信息既可按原文填写，也可以用自己的语言表述。听力理解部分考核的技能A.理解中心思想和重要细节 1.理解中心思想 2.听懂重要的或特定的细节 3.判断说话人的观点、态度等B.理解隐含的意思 4.推论隐含的意义 5.判断话语的交际功能C.借助语言特征理解听力材料 6.辨别语音特征，如从连续的话语中辨别语音、理解重音和语音语调等 7.理解句间关系，如比较、原因、结果、程度、目的短对话听到的往往不是答案n

44、该题型需要考生事先预读选项，寻找选项规律，从而实现预测对话内容及答案的可能性。根据以往真题的特点，大部分短对话的答案没有在原对话中直接出现，所以依据“听到的往往不是答案”的原则，往往能猜对很多题目。n“先听到什么不太可能是正确选项，后听到的才可能是正确答案，没听到什么最有可能选什么！”长对话与短文听力听到的往往是答案n与短对话不同，长对话或短文听力可根据“听到的往往是答案”的原则猜题。考生在听录音时，应该一边注意听录音，一边用笔勾出选项中出现在原文的内容，录音结束后，再根据自己的理解，结合前面的原则来做题。复合式听写主抓单词n由于该题型对考生的理解和速记能力要求都较高，所以建议考生将做题的重点

45、放在前面的7个单词空缺上，力争在意思和拼写上都不要出错。后三个句子不要听到什么就写什么，按照考试要求第二种方式，按照自己的话把要点写下来。Reading in Depth （25min)oSection A:15选10oSection B:两篇短文，每篇长度为300-350个词，测试考生在不同层面的理解能力，包括理解主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等。Cloze (15min)o选词填空测试考生对篇章语境中的词汇理解和运用能力。要求考生阅读一篇删去若干词汇的短文，然后从所给的选项中选择正确的词汇填空，使短文复原。o根据历年真题的规律，该题主要考查的是词汇辨析、短语句

46、型搭配和上下文逻辑关系。在答题时，建议考生采用相同、相似、相反和原文原则做题。翻译样题vPart Translation (5 minutes)v87. The substance does not dissolve in water_(不管是否加热）v88. Not only _(他向我收费过高），but didnt do a good repair job.v89. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _(与我的相比）v90. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _(一半的钱）in a d

47、ay in Leeds as in London.v91. By contrast, American mothers were more likely _(把孩子的成功归因于）natural talent.样卷翻译题型的主要特点v考试考查的知识点包括单词、短语和语法，对于大部分考生来说，难点会出现在短语部分。v翻译考查的是学生对英语的综合运用能力，而不是翻译技巧。v做题要求时间短，只有五分钟，因此考生应对相应的语言点非常熟悉。翻译题型的考点v1. 固定搭配考点v2. 核心语法考点v3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查固定搭配考点： v这是翻译中的最为核心的考点，也是近几次命题密度最高的知识点，应

48、该引起考生的高度重视。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为本次考试的命题重点。 v例1：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.(大纲样题)。 v【考点剖析】这个题目就非常典型。有两个固定搭配考点：1)be likely to do sth. ; 2) oweto /attributeto (把归因于) 历年真题固定搭配示例v把考虑在内v如果你方便的话v适应v对某人有吸引力v以速率v把归因

49、于v有的习惯v指责控告某人做某事vtake into accountvat your conveniencevadapt oneself tovbe attractive to sb.vat a speed/rate ofvattribute tovhave the habit of doingvaccuse sb. of doing sth.Exercisesv1.The finding of this study failed to (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内) v2.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning （如果你方便的话）v3.Speciali

50、sts in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to(适应不同文化中的生活） _v4.Since my childhood I have found that _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力）v5. The nations population continues to rise _(以每年1200万人的速度）take peoples sleep quality into account.at your convenienceadapt oneself to living in different culturesnothing is

51、 more attractive to me than readingat a speed/rate of 12 million per yearMore Exercisesv6. Being somewhat short-sighted, she _（有盯人看的习惯）v7. She _（对我们的警告充耳不闻）and got lost.v8. The shop assistant was dismissed as she _（被指控欺骗顾客）v9. The young man was _（被指控偷了钱）v10. It is difficult for him to _（适应这里的生活）was

52、accused of cheating customers.accused of stealing the moneyget used to the life hereturned a deaf ear to our warningshas the habit of gazing at people2. 核心语法考点：v这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移，这一点要引起同学的重视，尽管词汇单选题现在不考了，但是还是不能忽视这部分题目，因为考点是一致的。核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知识、非谓语动词等。 v例1：The professor required

53、that _(我们交研究报告) by Wednesday . 【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握。Require后面接从句的时候，一定会虚拟语气，语法结构为require that +sb+should+动词原形。 v例2：Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either (大纲样题) 【考点剖析】本题同样为典型的语法考点。考查了考生对倒装结构这个特殊语法现象的掌握情况。句首的Not only决定了倒装连接，下文用了过去时态，因此，这里需在he之前加did。所以答案应该为did he ove

54、rcharge me。 语法考查重点v1）虚拟语气的考点为：would ratherthat从句一般过去时； It is vitalnecessaryimportanturgent desirableadvisablenaturalessentialthat动词原形； It is timeabouttimehightimethat一般过去时等等。 v2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用 at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由 evenifso，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；hardlyw

55、hen引导的时间状语从句；more than，asas，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。 v3）倒装结构主要考查only引导的状语放在句首时的倒装形式和某些具有否定意义的词放在句首作状语时的倒装形式。 v4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。 v5）定语从句重点考查介词关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。 虚拟语气v1） 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大

56、的情况，故采用虚拟语气。虚拟语气v比较比较ifonly与与onlyifvonly if表示“只有”；if only则表示“如果就好了”。If only用于虚拟语气。vI wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。虚拟语气2v非真实条件句非真实条件句v时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。a. 同现在事实相反的假设。句型 ： 条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here,

57、 they would help you.b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型： 条件从句 主句过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词v混合条件句混合条件句v主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).虚拟语气3v

58、特殊的虚拟语气词：特殊的虚拟语气词：should1） It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。句型：(1)suggestedIt is (2)importantthat+ (should) do(3) a pity(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded (2)important，vital, necessaryvItis(high)timethatvIt is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语

59、动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的倒装v虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us. H

60、ad you come earlier, you would have met him=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.虚拟语气考点示例v例1：The victim _(本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time . 【考点剖析】本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟句中，从句谓语要用 “had+过去分词”形式，主句谓语要用 “would (should)+have+过去分词形式。“有机会活下来”可以用have a chance to survive表示，也可以

61、用have a chance of survival表示。would have had a chance to survive虚拟语气考点示例v例：The professor required that _(我们交研究报告) by Wednesday . 【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握。Require后面接从句的时候，一定会虚拟语气，语法结构为require that +sb+should+动词原形。we should hand in our research report虚拟语气考点示例v例：You _(不该一言不发就离开家的) ；your parents w

62、orried a lot about you . 【考点剖析】本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握。Shouldnt have done 或oughtnt have done 意为“本不该”，是对过去事实相反的假设，表示本不该做但实际上却做了。Without a word 为固定搭配，意为“一言不发，一句话不留”。shouldnt have left home without a word虚拟语气考点示例4v例4：Im sure he will pass this exam _(要是他多加注意的话). 【考点剖析】本题主要考查if only 引导的条件状语从句。If only 意为“若是该多好，只要”，i

63、f only如果是现在或将来事实的虚拟，从句中的谓语动词用would+动词原形。“注意”用pay attention to 表示。if only he would pay more attention to it虚拟语气考点示例5v例5：We didnt know his telephone number，(否则我们会给他打电话的). 【考点剖析】本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握。句子中的otherwise “否则”一词是对前面所述事实的否定，实际上相当于与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，即：If we had known his telephone number,因此后面句子应该采用相应的虚拟语气，谓语动

64、词用would have done 的形式。otherwise we would have telephoned him条件状语从句条件状语从句v连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。unless = if not. Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tied, lets go out for a walk. 表示表示一一就就的结构的结构vh

65、ardlywhen, no soonerthan和as soon as都可以表示“一就”的意思，v例：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 其他常用来引导条件状语从句的连词其他常用来引导条件状语从句的连词v其他常用来引导条件状语从句的连词有as long as/so long as(只要), on condition that(条件是), suppo

66、se/supposing(假如), provided/providing that(假如), granted/granting that(假定), given (that)(假设)等。例如：vIll buy it on condition that the price is fair.只要价格合理，我就买。vYou can fly to London this evening provided/providing you dont mind changing planes in Paris.假如你不介意在巴黎换飞机的话，今天晚上你就可以飞往伦敦。vGiven (that) he wont ag

67、ree, what shall we do?假定他不同意，我们该怎么办？vSuppose /Supposing (that) it rains tomorrow, will you still come?假如明天下雨，你还来吗？条件状语从句考点示例v例：Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _(如果你方便的话). 【考点剖析】本题主要考查if引导的条件状语从句。“你方便的话”通常用it is convenient for you表达，此外该条件状语从句也可以用介词短语at your convenience来代替。if it is convenient

68、 for you条件状语从句考点示例v例：You may keep the book a further week _(倘若没有其他人需要用的话). 【考点剖析】本句的考点为if引导的条件状语从句，前句中的情态动词may说明此处应为一般现在时。if no one else requires it条件状语从句考点示例3v例3：_(只要他努力工作), I dont mind when he finishes the experiment. 【考点剖析】本句考查条件状语从句，“只要”(so long as)是英语中最为常见的表达方式之一，应该牢牢掌握。So long as he works hard

69、让步状语从句让步状语从句vthough, although注意： though和although同义，一般情况下可以互换使用，但although比though语气更重，且多用于句首。Although its raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。I was late for the last train though I hurried.虽然我拼命赶路，还是没有搭上最后一班火车。as和though引导的让步状语从句vThough 引导的让步状语从句可用倒装，也可不用倒装结构；as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装结构

70、。作表语的名词如果提前倒装，有不定冠词a/an时，在倒装结构中，应省去冠词。例如：vBad as/though he is(=Though he is bad), he is not without merits.尽管他坏，但不是没有优点。vTeacher as/though Mary is (Though Mary is a teacher), she is not capable of teaching all subjects.尽管玛丽是老师，但她不是所有的科目都会教。vMuch as he likes her, he does get annoyed with her sometime

71、s.尽管他很喜欢她，却也有烦她的时候。由 “whetheror”, “wh-词ever”和“no matter+wh-词”等结构引导的让步状语从句v在wh-词引导的让步状语从句中，通常不用将来时，意为“无论”。Whatever 后接名词, however 后接形容词或副词。 whetheror在引导让步状语从句时，意为“不论是否，不管是还是”。例如：vWhether my parents agree or not, I will study abroad.不管父母同意与否，我都要出国留学。vWhatever (No matter what) may happen, we will not ch

72、ange our plan.无论发生什么事，我们都不会改变计划。vHowever often you ring, no one will answer.无论你打多少次电话，都不会有人接。granted that, for all that等结构引导的让步状语从句vgranted that, for all that, in spite of the fact that, regardless of the fact that等结构也可以引导让步状语从句。例如：vGranted that he has enough money to buy the house, it doesnt mean h

73、es going to do so.即使他有足够的钱买这栋房子，但这并不说明他要买。vFor all that, I still feel that he is the most capable man in our organization.尽管如此，我仍觉得他是我们组织中最有能力的人。vIn spite of the fact that it was raining hard, she went to the shop.尽管当时正下着大雨，她还是去了商店。vHe bought her what she wanted, regardless of the fact that they wer

74、e costly.尽管东西很贵，但她要什么，他就给买什么。让步状语从句考点示例v例：The substance does not dissolve in water _(不管是否加热). 【考点剖析】本题考查对whether or not引导让步状语从句的掌握。当从句中的主语等同于主句中的主语，且从句中的结构是“主语+be”时，主语和谓语均可以省略。Whether (it is) heated or not让步状语从句考点示例2v例2：Come and see your teacher _(无论你何时方便). 【考点剖析】本题考查对whenever引导让步状语从句的用法。 “无论何时”(whe

75、never)是常被用来引导让步状语从句的引导词。whenever you are convenient让步状语从句考点示例3v例3：_(不论我们遇到什么困难), well help one another to overcome them. 【考点剖析】本题考查让步状语。 “无论什么”用whatever表示，作定语修饰后面的名词difficulties。“遇到”的表达方式为come across,也可以用encounter表示。Whatever difficulties we may come across让步状语从句考点示例4v例4：_(无论多么频繁地演奏), the works of Be

76、ethoven always attract large audiences. 【考点剖析】本题考查对no matter引导状语从句的掌握。No matter经常与特殊疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句，本句中的frequently“频繁”是一个副词，修饰动词perform,故应该用特殊疑问词how来修饰副词frequently；而the works与perform之间是被动的关系，故状语从句应该采用被动语态。而且，由于主句主语与从句主语一致，因此可将they are 省略。另外，no matter how frequently也可以用however frequently 来替换。No matter

77、 how frequently (they are) performed比较状语从句比较状语从句v由asas引导的比较状语从句，意为“和一样”， asas中间要用原级。than前面要用比较级，意为“比”。 “asas”结构中，第一个as是副词，后接形容词或副词；第二个as是连词，后接句子。另外，此结构的否定形式通常用“not so as”,也可用“not asas”。例如：vThis dress is prettier, but it costs twice as much as that one.这件衣服比那件衣服漂亮，但价格是那件衣服的两倍。vThey usually have less

78、money at the end of the month than they have at the beginning.与月初相比，月底他们手头更拮据。“the+比较级the+比较级(越越)”结构vThe smaller the computer, the faster it can work.计算机越小，工作越快。vThe more he thought about it, the angrier he grew.他越想越生气。比较结构考点示例v例：The more I looked at the picture, _ (就越喜欢它).v例2： The more you explain,

79、_(我越糊涂)。v例3：The more preparation you do now,_(你就越不会紧张) before the examination.the more confused I amthe less nervous you will bethe more I liked itneither, nor或so开头的句子或分句的倒装形式v为避免重复，常把neither, nor或so置于句首，引起倒装。neither或nor意为“也不”，用于否定句中；so意为“也”，用语肯定句中。表示不同主语的同样动作。例如：vThe organization had broken no rule

80、s, but neither had it acted responsibly.该组织虽没有违反规定，却也不够负责。vMy sister often calls me and so does my brother.我姐姐经常给我打电话，我弟弟也常打。vI could not persuade him to accept it, nor could I make him see the importance of it.我无法说服他接受这件事情，也无法使他认识其重要性。only引导的状语放在句首时的倒装形式vOnly under special circumstances _ to take m

81、ake-up tests. A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted C. Permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshman Only in this way _solve the problems. A. we can B. can we C. would we D. we would答案为A。译文：大学一年级学生只有在特殊情况下才允许补考。答案为B。译文：只有通过这种方式，我们才能解决这些问题。某些具有否定意义的词放在句首作状语时的倒装形式v当某些具有否定意义的词或短语放在句首作状

82、语时，句子要用部分倒装。常见的这部分词有：hardly, little, never, not until, rarely, seldom等；常见的短语有：in no way, at no time, in no case, by no means, under no circumstances等以及部分关联词：hardly (scarcely) when, no sooner than等。例如：vWe have been told that under no circumstances may we use the telephone in the office for personal a

83、ffairs.我们被告之在任何情况下都不能用办公室的电话办私事。vSeldom did I make any mistakes during my past five years of service here.我过去在这儿工作的五年里很少出差错。vNot until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground.知道比赛开始，他才来到赛场。由并列连词not onlybut also, neithernor等连接句子时的倒装形式v在并列连词not onlybut also, neithernor等连接的句子中，如果not only或

84、neither放在句首，要用部分倒装结构。例如：vNot only does he write the words to the songs, but also he composes the music.他不仅作词，而且还作曲。vNeither at this meeting nor at the previous one did they discuss the proposal.在这次和上次会上，他们都没讨论这个问题。v注意：当位于句首的not onlybut also或neithernor连接的是主语句子成分时，句子需用正常语序。例如：vNeither he nor I know th

85、e matter.他和我都不知道这件事。vNot only Tom but also many others enjoy reading the book.不仅汤姆喜欢读这本书，许多其他人也喜欢。倒装结构考点示例v例：Not only _(他向我收费过高)，but he didnt do a good repair job either. 【考点剖析】本题考查对部分倒装的掌握。当句首出现not only 或only时，句子应采用部分倒装结构，即只需把助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。由后半句中的didnt 可知，此处的助动词应使用过去式。表示“收费过高”用overcharge.did he ove

86、rcharge me倒装结构考点示例2v例2：Only after I found out the truth _ (我才意识到他是无辜的). 【考点剖析】本题考查倒装句。当only+副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，句子要部分倒装，本句中时态用的是一般过去时，因此应将助动词did提前。“无辜”可以用innocent表示。宾语从句中的that常可省略。did I realize (that) he was innocent倒装结构考点示例3v例3：Not until the game had begun _ (他才到达运动场). 【考点剖析】本题考查倒装句。Not until 位于句首时要求

87、主句倒装；had begun说明从句为过去完成时，因此主句应用过去时。did he arrive at the sports ground倒装结构考点示例4v例4：We dont need air-conditioning, _ (我们也负担不起空调的费用). 【考点剖析】本题考查对 nor引起的倒装结构的掌握。连词nor表示“也不”，而且一般习惯将其放在句首；而根据语法，表示否定的副词或连词位于句首时，句子要求部分倒装。nor can we afford it情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征v1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。v2） 情态动词 除

88、ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。v3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。v4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。比较比较may和和mightv1） 表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you! He might be at home.注意： might 表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may 小。v2） 成语： may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为“不妨”。 If that is the case, we may as well t

89、ry. You may as well say so.你这样说倒也无妨。表示推测的用法表示推测的用法vcan, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：1）情态动词+动词原形。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。I dont know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.2）情态动词+动词现在进行时。表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our papers. 情态动词+ have +过去分词v1) may (migh

90、t) have + done sth., can (could) have + done sth.表示推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.2)must have +done sth，表示推测过去时间里一定发生的事情；cant (couldnt) have+done表示对已经发生的情况进行否定的猜测。The room is in a terrible

91、 mess; it cant have been cleaned.房间里乱七八糟的，一定没有打扫过。情态动词考点示例v例：Some psychologists claim that people _(出门在外时可能会感到孤独). 【考点剖析】本题考查对might表“推测”的用法的掌握。解答此题时应注意不要混淆了lonely和alone的语义及用法：lonely强调主观上感到孤独和寂寞，常在句中作表语或定语；alone强调客观上独自一人，多在句中作表语或状语。“出门在外”可以用多种形式表达。might feel lonely when they are far from home情态动词考点示例

92、v例2：It _ (肯定下雨了) last night! The road is still wet.【考点剖析】本题考查情态动词的用法。对过去发生事情肯定猜测应用must have done。注意下雨为持续状态，因此用完成进行时。v例3：This room is a terrible mess; it _ (不可能打扫过). 【考点剖析】本题考查情态动词的否定用法。这里是对过去事物的否定判断，根据语法规则，对过去事物的否定判断用cant have done,主语it 说明此处应为被动语态。must have been rainingcant have been cleaned定语从句定语从句

93、v定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词v用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。或者也可以看关系词在从句中作什么成分。如果关系词在从句中作宾语或主语，就要用关系代词；如果在从句中作状语，就要用关系副词。

94、v例如： This is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan.这就是我不赞成修改计划的原因。 The reason which he gives for not coming is that his mother wont let him.他就缺席一事给出的原因是他的母亲不让来。介词介词+关系词关系词v1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。 This is the house in which I l

95、ived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club?限制性和非限制性定语从句限制性和非限制性定语从句v定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，v例如：This is

96、 the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个上个月买的。（非限制性）as,which非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句v由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。as一般放在句首，which在句中。vAs we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.The sun heats the

97、 earth, which is very important to us.定语从句考点示例v例 _ (只有那些不怕困难的人) have the chance of achieving outstanding results in their work.【考点剖析】本题考查对定语从句的掌握。表示“那些人”直接用“those”即可，后面无需再加people；关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰those, who在从句中充当主语。v例：_ (听到他告诉我的消息), I couldnt help laughing. 【考点剖析】本题考查对 “on+动名词”的用法及定语从句的掌握。on或upon后跟动名

98、词时，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句,意为“一就 ”。“他告诉我的消息”应用定语从句表示，that在从句中作宾语，可以省略。On/Upon hearing the news (that) he told meOnly those who are not afraid of difficulties3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查： 例1：Though a skilled worker, _ (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.【考点剖析】本题的重要考点就是考生对“解雇”这个核心动词的翻译。可以表示解雇的有dismi

99、ss, discharge, fire等。此外，本题也考查对语态及时态的掌握。由“他被公司解雇”可知，主句应该用被动式，又根据last week可以判断句子的时态应该用一般过去时。 he was fired by the company2007年12月大学英语四级翻译真题v87. _(多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors can treat this disease successfully.v88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _（我比以前更容易累了）.v89. I am going to pursue this course,

100、_(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).v90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because_(它更加方便和省时).v91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.Thanks to a series of new inventionsI get tired more easily than beforeno matter what s

101、acrifices I have to makethe former is more convenient and timesavingis measured by how much money they can borrow2008年6月大学英语四级翻译真题v87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _ .（能应用于新技术的开发）v88. I cant boot my computer now. Something _（一定出了毛病）with its operating system.v89. Leaving on

102、es job, _ （无论是什么工作）, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.v90. _（与我成长的地方相比）, this town is more prosperous and exciting.v91. _（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill.2008年12月大学英语四级翻译真题v87. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _ .

103、（他们至今还没有答案）v88. _（大多数父母所关心的）is providing the best education possible for their children.v89. Youd better take a sweater with you _ v（以防天气变冷）.v90. Through the project, many people have received training and _（决定自己创业）.v91.The anti-virus agent was not known _（直到一名医生偶然发现了它）.2009年6月大学英语四级翻译真题v87. Soon af

104、ter he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had _ .（很难跟上班里的同学）v88. If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary _（就不会被大雨淋了）.v89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _ （更有可能增加体重）.v90. _（很多人没有意识到的）is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular.v91. T

105、he study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is _（与缺乏锻炼密切相关）.2009年12月大学英语四级翻译真题v87. You would not have failed if you _ .（按照我的命令去做）v88. Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never _（放弃对知识的追求）.v89. Scientists agree that it will be a long time _ （我们找到治愈癌症的方法）.v90. Production has to be

106、 increased considerably to_（与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步）.v91. The more exercise you take, _（你越不大可能感冒）.2010年6月大学英语四级翻译真题v87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty _ .（集中精力在实验上）v88. The manager never laughed; neither _（她也从来没有发过脾气）.v89. We look forward to _ （被邀请出席开幕式）.v90. It is suggested that t

107、he air conditioner_（要安装在窗户旁）.v91. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite_（她父母的强烈反对）.冲刺备考建议v1. 在进行翻译练习时，尽量力求翻译答案多样化，以便扩展思维，开阔思路，掌握重点核心表达。v. 多背搭配，同时利用经典搭配多造句子，完善语法结构，同时可以提高自己的写作水平，一举两得。 v. 强化重点语法知识，如虚拟语气、状语从句、比较结构、倒装结构、定语从句、非谓语动词等。 v. 深度分析已考翻译试题，全面掌握挖掘潜在考点，学会举一反三。 Thank you for your attention! Good Luck! 祝大家高分通过四级考试 !