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1、AfterreadingthesectionofsolitudewhenIfinishedreadingthissection,therearetwosentencesimpressedmemost.Oneis“Amanisrichinproportiontothenumberofthingswhichhecanaffordtoletalone.”Theotheris“Aslongaspossible,livefreeanduncommitted.Itmakesbutlittledifferencewhetheryouarecommittedtoafarmorthecountryjail.”W
2、hatthetwosentencesreflectalsocanbeseenfromthesection.TheauthorHenryDavidThoreaushowedusapeacefulscene,inwhichhumanbeingsandthenatureareperfectlystumbled.Theauthorexpectstofindaforevernewandunprofanedpartoftheuniversetolive.Whatsmore,healsopursuesafreeanduncommittedlifebothataphysicallevelandataspiri
3、tuallevel.Justastheauthormentionedinthepassage“TheIndependenceDay,theFourthofJuly,1845isthedayonwhichhebegantostayinword.”Byshowingthebeginningofhisuncommittedlife,theauthoralsoimpliesthatpeopleintheworldshouldleavetheirregularlocalregiontoanothernewoneinordertoexperiencetheotherstyleoflife.Alifewhi
4、chwillnotberestrictedwithsecular,utilityandambition,butonlyarelaxingenjoyable,freeheartgoingnearerandnearertothenature.Thisisjustwhatthesecondsentencewantstotellus.Thesentence:“amanisrichinproportiontothenumberofthingswhichhecanaffordtoletalone”tellsthatamanshouldnotthinkalotofwhathegainsandwhathelo
5、sses.Ifhegains,behappy.Ifhelosses,letitgone.ThenhemayfindeverythinghegainsturnouttobeGodsgiftsandmuchmorepreciousthanbefore.Amanwhoisalwaysworryingaboutlosingsomethingownednothingatlast,becauseheregardseverythingashisown,thenitsnotenoughforhimevenheownsthewholeworld.Aboveall.Itsnotnecessarytodoevery
6、thingfollowingsomesocalledavant-gardes,orjustinordertoobjecttothemainstream.Whatweshoulddo,alsothemostdifficultthingisbeingandpersistsinbeingourselves.Behonesttoourselvesandbeuncommitted!Waldenwaspublishedaround1854,duringthereignofthetranscendentalists;infact,HenryDavidThoreau,thebooksauthor,wasame
7、mberofthemovement.Iftranscendentalismwerearoundtoday,wewouldprobablycallitsfollowers:new-agefolk,hippies,ornonconformists.Infact,muchofwhattranscendentalismstoodforbackthenisstillaliveandwelltoday.ManypeopleknowThoreaufromhis1849essayResistancetoCivilGovernment,betterknownasCivilDisobedience.Duringt
8、he1840s,Thoreauwasimprisonedforrefusingtopaytaxesforacausehedidntagreewith.(Inthosedays,taxeswerecollectedseparatelybytaxcollectorswhocametoyourdoor,asopposedtothemodernincometax.)Althoughafriendofhispaidthetaxforhim,enablinghimtobereleasedfromjail,Thoreaumaintainedinhisessaythathehadnoobligationtos
9、upportanactionofgovernmentthathedidnotagreewith.Waldeniswritteninmuchthesamespirit.Thoreaucaredaslittleforsocietysillsashedidforthegovernment.Hefirmlybelievedthatmostoflifesexpenseswereunnecessary,andthereforesotoowasthelaboramanputintoearningenoughmoneytobuythem.Inordertoprovehisclaims,hewentintoth
10、ewoodsandlivedassimplyandasinexpensivelyasheencouragedotherstodo.Waldenisthewrittenrecordofhisexperiment.ThefirstseveralchaptersofWaldenarethemostinteresting,asitisinthesethatThoreaulaysouthiscase.Hissarcasmandwitamusesthereaderasherailsagainstthefrivolityofnewclothes,expensivehouses,politecompany,a
11、ndmeatydiets.OneofThoreauschiefargumentsinWaldenisthatmenwouldnthavetoworkforaliving(andThoreauclearlydetestswork)iftheylivedmoresimply.Tothatend,Thoreaubuiltahouseforunderthirtydollarsduringatimewhentheaveragehouse(accordingtothefirstchapterofWalden)costaround$800,boughtonecheapsuitofclothes,andpla
12、ntedacropofbeans.FortwoyearsThoreaulivedinthathouse.Hespendtimecultivatinghisbeansandothercrops,makingbread,andfishing.Withhishousepaidforandhisfoodingoodsupply,heswaminWaldenPond,walkedintheadjoiningwoods,wrote,daydreamed,reflected,andrarelyvisitedthetown.TheRealStory:WaldenOfcourse,Thoreaufailstop
13、ointoutanimportantelementofhissituation.HemovedtoWaldenPondbecauseRalphWaldoEmerson(oneofhisgoodfriendsandfellowtranscendentalistwriters)ownedWaldenPondandthesurroundingland.Inadifferentsituation,Thoreausexperimentmighthavebeencutshort.Evenso,Waldenisavaluablelessonforreaders.Ifyouareanythinglikeme,
14、youllreadthebookwhilesittinginacomfortablechair,andwearingfashionableclothes.Youprobablyhaveajobtopayforallthesethings,andyoumayevencomplainaboutsaidjobfromtimetotime.Ifthatsoundslikeyou,youllprobablydrinkupThoreauswords.Youmaywishthatyoucouldfreeyourselffromsocietysconstraints. 瓦尔登湖片段欣赏：瓦尔登湖片段欣赏：Ah
15、, the pickerel of Walden! when I see them lying on the ice, orin the well which the fisherman cuts in the ice, making a littlehole to admit the water, I am always surprised by their rare beauty,as if they were fabulous fishes, they are so foreign to the streets,even to the woods, foreign as Arabia t
16、o our Concord life. They possessa quite dazzling and transcendent beauty which separates them by awide interval from the cadaverous cod and haddock whose fame istrumpeted in our streets. They are not green like the pines, norgray like the stones, nor blue like the sky; but they have, to myeyes, if p
17、ossible, yet rarer colors, like flowers and precious stones,as if they were the pearls, the animalized nuclei or crystals of theWalden water.字里行间透着欣喜之情，赞美之情，我们字里行间透着欣喜之情，赞美之情，我们能深切的感受到作者进入了大自然的灵魂。能深切的感受到作者进入了大自然的灵魂。写鱼的美，未用任何华丽的词藻，朴实的写鱼的美，未用任何华丽的词藻，朴实的文风再次显露了作者的真诚。文风再次显露了作者的真诚。When this bar is gradua
18、lly increased by storms, tides, or currents, or thereis a subsidence of the waters, so that it reaches to the surface, thatwhich was at first but an inclination in the shore in which athought was harbored becomes an individual lake, cut off from theocean, wherein the thought secures its own conditio
19、ns- changes,perhaps, from salt to fresh, becomes a sweet sea, dead sea, or amarsh. At the advent of each individual into this life, may we notsuppose that such a bar has risen to the surface somewhere? It istrue, we are such poor navigators that our thoughts, for the mostpart, stand off and on upon
20、a harborless coast, are conversant onlywith the bights of the bays of poesy, or steer for the public ports ofentry, and go into the dry docks of science, where they merely refitfor this world, and no natural currents concur to individualize them. 作者从对自然的感悟上升到对人的感悟。作者从对自然的感悟上升到对人的感悟。面对自然人的认知和存在是何等的渺小
21、，面对自然人的认知和存在是何等的渺小，只有通过自然，靠近自然，才能变得明智，只有通过自然，靠近自然，才能变得明智，有价值。再次体现了有价值。再次体现了“超验主义，自然是超验主义，自然是“圣灵圣灵”的化身，崇拜自然的感情强烈，的化身，崇拜自然的感情强烈，深刻。深刻。”当今类似“超验主义”和梭罗文章写法的作品：宫崎骏幽灵公主中，森林中的生物因为贴近自然而有了神性，人类为发展自己与森林之争的结局，说明了人类的自大渺小和可悲，而贴近自然向往自然的主人公却拥有着幸福的结局。“artoftravel”类似梭罗，发现，旅行中而感悟旅程，感悟生活。我的感悟Thoreaualsomentionsthatthen
22、oiseinthetownandthewhistleoftraindisturbthequitelifeofthetown.However,inthewoodslifeisquite.Whenhelivesinthewoods,hecanlistentoanimalssoundssuchasbirdssinging,owlshooting,cockerelscrowingetc.Heliveswithanimalsfriendly.HealsodescribestheWaldenPond.Thewater,blueandgreen,clearandpure,freezesinwinterand
23、meltsinspring.WhenIwasreadingWalden,IfeltthatIwaslisteningtoawisemanstalking.ThewordsandphrasesaboutthenatureespeciallytheWaldenPondarebeautifulandfascinating.Thesentencesarefullofwisdomandphilosophy.Readingthisbookremindsmeofthosepeoplewhoworkhardtoearnmoney,wastelotsofmoneytobuyluxuryandexpensivet
24、hings,wastetimetoentertainthemselves.Inmypointofview,theymayeasilylosethemselves,andthoughtheirbodiesarefull,theirmindsarehungry.Thereallifeistomakeeverycomplicatethingtobesimpleandenrichourheartandsoul.Inaword,justsimplicity、simplicityandsimplicity!Lastbutnotleast,IenvyThoreausomuchforhelivesinsuch
25、abeautifulandcomfortablenatureenvironment.Hecanbreathethefreshair,livewithwildanimalfriendly;appreciatethesceneryofWaldenPondetc.Whileinmodernsociety,peoplepursuittheirownintereststohuntandkillanimals,cutdowntreesandpollutetheriversandsoon.Asaresult,thenumberofwildlifeisdecreasing,theareaoflakeisshrinking,andthewaterisnotpureanymore.Theenvironmentproblemssuchasglobewarming,climatechangeandairandwaterpollutionhavebeenbecomingincreasinglyserious.Readingthisbookmakesmebeawareofprotectingtheenvironmenttorealizetheharmonybetweenhumanandnature.
