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1、Attributive Clause Grammar定语从句定语从句1.修饰、修饰、限定限定名词的成分，叫名词的成分，叫定语定语a tall boy; a pretty lady; the surprising news2.复合句里，复合句里，修饰修饰/限定名词或代词的从句限定名词或代词的从句叫叫定语从句定语从句3.定语从句通常在被修饰的词语定语从句通常在被修饰的词语(即即“先行词先行词”)之后，之后，由由“关系词关系词”引导。引导。“关系词关系词”具有三种功能：具有三种功能：(1) 引导一个定语从句引导一个定语从句(在定语从句开头在定语从句开头);(2) 替代替代“先行词先行词”(省去从句中
2、对应的省去从句中对应的 he/she / it / they / him / her / them /house );(3) 在定语从句中充当成分在定语从句中充当成分(在从句里作主语在从句里作主语/宾语宾语/ 定语定语/状语状语)。定语从句的概念定语从句的概念找出下面每句中的定语从句、先行词、关系词找出下面每句中的定语从句、先行词、关系词1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.ThemanwhomItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecarwhichheboughtisasecond-handone.4.Theanimalsthatw
3、ereburieddiedofhunger.5.HarryistheboywhosemotherisourMathsteacher.6.Weliveinahousewhosewindowopenstothesouth.1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.ThemanwhomItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecarwhichheboughtisasecond-handone.4.Theanimalsthatwereburieddiedofhunger.5.HarryistheboywhosemotherisourMathstea
4、cher.6.Weliveinahousewhosewindowopenstothesouth.=ofwhomthe=ofwhichthe引导定语从句的关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：关系代词关系代词(名词性名词性)：who,whomwhich,that,whose关系副词关系副词（状语性）（状语性）：when,where,whywho指人，在从句中作主语或宾语Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow. Doyouknowthemanwho spoke just now? whom指人指人,在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语,可省略。可省略。e.g.Doyouknowthema
5、n(whom) we saw at the Beijing Hotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow. Thegirl(whom)I called just nowisfromAmerica. which指物指物,在句中作主语或宾语在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。 e.g.Imnotinterestedinthebookwhich has just been published. that指人或物，指人或物，在从句中做主语或在从句中做主语或宾语宾语,作宾语时可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。Thehousethat Im goi
6、ng to buyfacessouth.Theyretalkingaboutthefilm.Ihaveseenthefilm. Theyretalkingaboutthefilm(that) Ive seen. Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews. Ihavereadthenewspaperwhich carries the important news.ItwaswrittenbyLaoshe.Janehasborrowedthebook. Janehasborrowedthebookthat was written by Laos
7、he.*先行词前有下列词语修饰时先行词前有下列词语修饰时,定语从句定语从句必须用必须用that引导。引导。all, everything, anything (something除外除外)，every, any, little, few, much, no, only, very, the + 序序数词数词,the+形容词最高级形容词最高级eg.Thisisthecleanestparkthat you can imagine.eg.Thisistheonly bookthat has been written in French.四、下列情况宜用四、下列情况宜用who引导的定语从句。引导的定
8、语从句。 当先行词是人称代词或是当先行词是人称代词或是those, anyone等时，常用等时，常用who。He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.当先行词既当先行词既有有人又人又有有物时，关系词用物时，关系词用that,不能用不能用who或或which。eg.Hetalkedaboutthethings and personshe had visited in the
9、 city.that *在在who或或which引导的特殊疑问引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用句中，限制性定语从句必须用that引引导。导。eg.Whoisthemanis standing over there?that*先行词在从句中作表语时先行词在从句中作表语时,限制性定限制性定语从句通常用语从句通常用that引导。引导。(常可省略常可省略)eg.Sheisnolongerthegirlthat she wasbeforeshewenttothecountry. * whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。指人或物，在从句中作定语。Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherh
10、adgivenusareport. Thegirlwhose father had given us a reportgotfirst.eg.Thatsthemanwhose house was burned down.Thatisthenewmachine.Thepartsofitaretoosmalltosee. Thatsthemachinewhose parts are too small to see.Exercises1.Theman_Isawtoldmetowait.2.Themanto_Ispokewasaforeigner.3.Iknowaboy_fatherisanacro
11、bat.(杂技演员杂技演员)4.Hesawahouse_windowswereallbroken.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.whowhomwhosewhose5.Alltheapples_fallareeatenbywildboars.6.Canyouthinkofanyone_couldlookafterhim?7.Thisisthebesthotel_Iknow.8.Heshowedamachine_partsaretoosmalltobeseen.thatthatthatwhose9.Themostimportantth
12、ing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.10.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandthepersons_noneofushaseverheardof.11.Ihaveboughtaverywatch_wasadvertisedonTV.12.Thepresidentmadeaspeechin_heexpressedhissatisfaction.13.Iknowtheboy_motherisafriendofmine.thatthat thatthatwhichwhose=
13、ofwhomthe14.Whatsthenameoftheboy_bicycleyouborrowed?15.Idontknowthemanto_Ispokeonthephonejustnow.16.Heisaperson_alwaysthinksmoreofothers.17.Isthereanything_Icandoforyouhere?18.Theman_Jackwassittingnexttoontheplanetalkedallthetime.19.Thebeds_wesleptinlastnightwerentverycomfortable.whosewhomwhothatwho/whom/thatwhich/that=ofwhomthe
