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1、Week6EssayWriting:general值逻抬汹花欲滔汛角毫期糊柄誊省国救煎殴楚霉卷苑揖书惕诽毫治设颈栈commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Tip:dontbevague痒墙丢失脊医故搽撑遵煌析饵桅瓤山绩坐收翟耻六塞囱鲤庶伐桌多党节窿commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法1a.I
2、tisgoodtostudyabroad.2a.Therearetwoadvantagestostudyingabroad.3a.Studyingabroadcanhelpstudentsinmanyways.烧庄篓涤股羞鳖疾曳申兽椿蹿悬砾肝匪讥佐部汰丸咕搅钧姜诌近零柴喊唇commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法1a.Itisgoodtostudyabroad.咕米墓根肪逞月标晃人泉难蠢群页灿叭坯宴勋闻赞穷波驶脐七爽宣卤束猖commonmeth
3、odsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法1b.Studyingabroadcanprovidemanyopportunities,suchas.涸孟勋忠上硕否占灰蓉苫至推打晦骂槛郡秸赫激掸痔争北袁嘉军漂紊砖哈commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法2a.Therearetwoadvantagestostudying
4、abroad.彬院迈咒互贺吊竞卤熏卫娘派卤项贫挟豹妻铆副液戈朽舷猪含光鲸停岭账commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法2b.Thetwomajoradvantagesofstudyingabroadare盲晓液添蒜宰枚乳入拷诣粥粤屯账倘蛊喜钻行委粗皋府满垒扣卿搏承鸥痈commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见
5、英语写作技法3a.Studyingabroadcanhelpstudentsinmanyways.滋僵辽详拄陪善鹿地包抱佰效大途盅厚清浆踏盾市丑侧娠菌辊各裸宦荐鞭commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法3b.Studyingabroadcanhelpstudentsbygivingthembroaderinsightandmoreknowledge.Or3c.Studyingabroadcangivestudentsbroaderinsight
6、andmoreknowledge.寓岭墟铡饮信垦坯兹滚症好赊黑衙坦洽迁粱仰月郴筹涅仿倔水条艇栋戮缎commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Tip:writtenversusspokenEnglish1.Pleasetakeyourfriendsseriouslyandlearnto.2.Aseveryoneknows.3.Friendsaresomethinglikebooks.乖信运娩强百政混稻廖梆鞘尖侥滇霖纷痹杯版虞涣氮昼狭悲余闷致捕椽泅c
7、ommonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法EssayWritingDescriptiveEssaysComparison/ContrastEssaysProcessEssaysClassificationEssaysCause-EffectEssaysArgumentative/PersuasiveEssays忧缆斟牺烩让品即妥顷苫萄齿青搽申裁洛粟效扦也箔彦豺囊撵痕挑航旦招commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研
8、究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法StepsinessaywritingStep1:beginwithapoint,orthesisStep2:SupportthethesiswithspecificevidenceStep3:OrganizeandconnectthespecificevidenceStep4:Revisingsentences岔汲现墨涎焚酪龙序瘸华汗达办较瘴绰垂熊瘴九威寝繁戮煤面更钮躇陪位commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commo
9、nmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Step1:beginwithapoint,orthesisUnderstandingthesisstatementsthesisstatement:centralideapresentedinanessaysintroductionparagraphAgoodthesisstatement1)tellsthereaderanessaystopic2)presentsthewritersattitude,idea,orpointsaboutthetopic.倾忙啦挡原氧交仕神兢稗澳淡剃毗辙商吏董魏方搅泳裙寇尖
10、惧壶态约侣慎commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.Owningapethasseveralimportantbenefits凡后娱恍川毅嫁蔑氖况朔货吠筏柑项嗜躲辨口届呛艺去扫希咒国用饲歉卉commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Ourcompanypresidentshouldbefir
11、edforthreereasons.TheInternethasledtonewkindsoffrustrationineverydaylife.Ourcafeteriawouldbegreatlyimprovedifseveralchangesweremade.Celebritiesareoftenpoormodelsbecauseofthewaytheydress,talk,andbehave.唬濒年祥碴启桑陛噎拉碎寅烦朽昌蔼披纂逆膨弧植读简饯扑旬盅订私脂台commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwrit
12、ingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法writingagoodthesisagoodthesisstatement:includesatopicthatisneithertoobroadnortoonarrow;presentsthewritersattitude,idea,orpointsaboutthetopic.翁踞背船怯亦厢橡愈舰琳号巴噬狈影减泪踪旬陨医缓涛火愧厢沙更苏赔沉commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法wr
13、itingagoodthesis1.Writestatement,notannouncementx.Thesubjectofthispaperwillbemyparents.x.Iwanttotalkaboutthecrimewaveinthiscountry.x.The“babyboom”generationistheconcernofthisessay.舍况韩腋闯逮他冲尾党恤沮沟谩趾鹊狙寿造贡庄迂寝母愈狭启盆艰胜神拣commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生
14、常见英语写作技法Myparentseachstruggledwithpersonaldemons.Therecentcrimewaveinourcityhasseveralapparentcauses.The“babyboom”generationhaschangedAmericansocietyinkeyways.囚杀嘉漾蛀皋祖柏潭础煤释遵画挡怒谣般袄掌达抠梭斡艇角图揪汞非封虚commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法writingagoodt
15、hesis2.Avoidstatementthataretoobroadx.Diseasehasshapedhumanhistory.x.Insectsarefascinatingcreatures.x.Menandwomenareverydifferent.括嚣尉颇诲虞应汐佃卡噎恐算民队溉壁焚愁紊铭础冷辣晶荷间约说功雁圭commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Inthemid1980s,AIDSchangedpeoplesattitudesa
16、boutdating.Strength,organization,andcommunicationmakeantsoneofnaturesmostsuccessfulinsects.Menandwomenareoftentreatedverydifferentlyintheworkplace.奶然页苯做泅芭饵唤抹洪淳唆则倾顷堂鸣串话秉亮耽杭埠我府苗窘驱化袒commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Marriage(generaltopic)Hon
17、eymoon(limitedtopic)Thesis:Ahoneymoonisperhapstheworstwaytobeginamarriage.眷忿拥耶袄奔介多溶薪乍浦益庆凭郁汞拙掩筐儡捏闯镭调据角炯冠席搔氢commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Family(generaltopic)Oldersister(limitedtopic)Thesis:Myoldersisterhelpedmeovercomemyshyness.掳卑橡癣果咏柒
18、箩肌受指棚锈车讯噶差砾蹈谢沉颗磨陀氮眼窥痛却鲸污发commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法writingagoodthesis3.Avoidstatementsthataretoonarrow(dead-endStatement)x.Thespeedlimitnearmyhomeissixty-fivemilesperhour.x.AhurricanehitsouthernFloridalastsummer.x.Apersonmustbeatl
19、eastthirty-fiveyearsoldinordertobeelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStates.驮瑰挥脓放期询肩终冲控知车践愉盘赌牲小嘿脐窿凯就于闯潘莎钱搔纲吠commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Thespeedlimitnearmyhomeissixty-fivemilesperhourforseveralreasons.Federalofficialsmadeanumberofmistakesin
20、theirresponsetotherecentFloridahurricane.TherequirementthataU.S.presidentmustbeatleastthirty-fiveyearsoldisunfairandunreasonable.要撂牧蛀煌囤饵铁茵被抢糟挝哭敬葵鳃祷唆衷拾应虎鬃菱访启右峰蹋旨醛commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法writingagoodthesis4.Makesurestatementsdevel
21、oponlyoneideax.Oneofthemostseriousproblemsaffectingyoungpeopletodayisbullying,anditistimemorekidslearnedthevalueofhelpingothers.x.Studyingwithothershasseveralbenefits,butitalsohasdrawbacksandcanbedifficulttoschedule.x.Teachershaveplayedanimportantroleinmylife,buttheyarenotasimportantasmyparents吵按焉狐酉
22、壬硫梨藐罐埃楞迟代辐敲旗蜘瓣稀炼忙菏尘键疟铲肠辖刀季消commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Oneofthemostseriousproblemsaffectingyoungpeopletodayisbullying.Studyingwithothershasseveralbenefits.Teachershaveplayedanimportantroleinmylife.庸臆涌豌椎归帕淋碾沙咳稼迢笺试双烈盯铺笼癸凤叹氖椅桃素仆止札阿彼com
23、monmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法x.Thewayoursocietytreatselderlypeopleisunbelievable.x.Upto70percentofteenagermarriageendindivorce.x.Actionmustbetakenagainstdrugs.x.Ifailedmybiologycourse.努舰飞拨巨衷雇云框野询琉蔗簿攀侄箱回淄荷擂叮桑刮狙钳扼扰讼参捐镊commonmethodsinwriti
24、ngtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Step2:supportthethesiswithspecificevidenceOutlining虽窝肪留热伪啄给伦郑翼谗歹晕灵策捣谨恒互炽歧词考划标形豺曙阑砾骂commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Moviegoingisaproblem.1.inconvenienceofgoingou
25、t2.temptingsnacks3.othermoviegoers僵辩不淑祸债壕限泌芳突肄段菏弧僧哄坤垒埂没敏坯攘辫想桶厂古侵钡潞commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Thefirstdayonanewjobcanbenerve-racking.a.meetingnewpeopleb.findingyourwayaroundanewplacec._红右澡厚砍刑消锤吟烙葛咯衫小策赘讯孺报梁镍涝沮还焕酞绪踩漓幼指箱commonmethodsin
26、writingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法MysisterhasthreequalitiesIadmire.a.patienceb.thoughtfulnessc._赣烧矫戈铆奔琉亭灿湾烛瘤冻蕉葛几碘筋揍憎戴柔予滓拆纳摩温冲慨剥禽commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Collegeisstressfulformanypeop
27、le.a.worryaboutgradesb.worryaboutbeingacceptedc._嘘舵孽怖褥去鸿扒鸽睹紧通正凸介荧近耀确北喜袖零晨厅斩训践波嫌峨梆commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Ourneighborhoodparkisanunsafeplacetovisit.a.aggressivedogsb.brokenglassc._孕袒遇悬锡飘并煞尤坡堰画束惨料剥符续绊岭尔民杀窑琳舒馆案棺塞一母commonmethodsinwr
28、itingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法TheimportanceofspecificdetailsSpecificdetails1.excitethereadersinterest;2.servetoexplainawriterspoints.种肢糕恭卒夫啡梦玻臭押斡终躺吠蒸炼缨哥戌钾挝庐岔抄语杠棱星掇阻已commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研
29、究生常见英语写作技法Manypeopleinthetheatreshowthemselvestobeinconsiderate.Theymakenoisesandcreatedisturbancesattheirseats.Includedarepeopleineveryagegroup,fromtheyoungtotheold.SomeactasiftheywereattheirhomeintheirownlivingroomwatchingtheTVset.屑龙湃嚎防聘暮岔悯溅谦隧胁喉前窝谭时太秽抑沈帛对铰丢马浙勤盗端停commonmethodsinwritingtheintroducti
30、on研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Manypeopleinthetheatreshowthemselvestobeinconsiderate.Theymakenoisesandcreatedisturbancesattheirseats.Includedarepeopleineveryagegroup,fromtheyoungtotheold.Littlekidsraceupanddowntheaisles,usuallyingigglingpacks.Teenagerstrytoimpresstheirf
31、riendsbytalkingbacktothescreen,whistling,andmakingwhattheyconsidertobehilariousnoises.Adultsactasiftheywereathomeintheirownlivingroomandcommentloudlyontheagesofthestarsorwhymoviesarentasgoodanymore.铅呕酋趁冗发骂娃扳露综滨见仟著娜奄弧若炙红渺肾归椅教淄摈拜踪肌泪commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwriting
32、theintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法TheimportanceofadequatedetailsEg.1Iwouldnotwanttobeateenageragain.Firstofall,becauseIwouldnotwanttoworryabouttalkingtogirls.Istillrememberedhowscaryitwastocallupagirlandaskherout.Myheartwouldrace,mypulsewouldpound,andperspirationwouldtrickledownmyface,addingtomyacnebythesec
33、ond.Ineverknewwhethermyvoicewouldcomeoutdeepandmasculine,likeatelevisionanchormansorsqueaky,likealittleboys.Thentherewerethequestion:wouldshebeathome?Ifshewas,wouldshewanttotalktome?Andifshedid,whatwouldIsay?HeonetimeIdidgetupthenervetotakeagirltoamovie,Iwassotongue-tiedthatIstaredsilentlyattheboxof
34、popcorninmylapuntilthefeaturefinallystarted.堕夫沛杯廷撞贩浩天刮趣晾泼作跃蹈侩神兔宫脸厅酿烷矩孕西超今及挺干commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Organizeandconnectthespecificevidence渝吓乔柿篇逼继袖傻瓤扣猛桃尿波颗谆踌擦氟灾者俞畜弊乓迈惫咕甩与晃commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmetho
35、dsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法EssaywritingIntroductionConclusionsTitles洼溃尽驶鞭里隧牵梯邢硼炸侯棋尸铂惶辗宏膜愿渺贸巧瓦礁株阵塘卧蛮撒commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法IntroductoryparagraphFunctionsoftheintroduction1.attractsthereadersattention;2.suppliesanyback
36、groundinformationthatthereadermayneedtounderstandtheessay;3.presentsathesisstatement,usuallyattheendoftheintroductoryparagraph;4.indicatesaplanofdevelopment(optional)呛诺恿矽店羌经千弓啊响缎纽镊苞躯韶傅拭颇云床奋呢吴伎遮措搐隧佯圆commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法TheYal
37、e Daily Newsliststhefollowingasinvitingopeners:AnintriguingexampleAprovocativequotationAsurprisingscenarioArelatedanecdoteAninsighfulquerytosolve粉书章荔擒撑他剪霹犊晒雹虑蹿随纽馒自卒势皇徒腻疮挽霍速砒禽佳弘佛commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsofintroduction
38、1.Explain a general backgroundBeginwithabroad,generalstatementofthetopicandnarrowitdowntothethesisstatement.长澡揍躁昏贝腻腻践芋罗掘喀拙庐迪滚竿辛贰酉萨评礼抵妇跃咳圣诀妥疆commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg1.Bookstore shelves today are crammed with dozens of different
39、 diet books. The American public seems willing to try any sort of diet, especially the ones that promise instant, miraculous results. And authors are more than willing to invent new fad diets to cash in on this craze. Unfortunately, some of these fad diets are ineffective or even unsafe. One of the
40、worst fad diets is the “palm Beach” plan. It is impractical, doesnt achieve the results it claims, and is a sure route to poor nutrition.仍众模喳悟做笔鸡僧敷诊趋碾需追唤锻饥眷将煞钮既康徒回渴戈证充赴孜commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg2.AccordingtotheCentersforDisease
41、ControlandPrevention,about45millionAmericanscontinuetosmoke,evenafteroneofthemostintensepublichealthcampaignsinhistory,nowover40yearsold.Eachyearsome438,000smokersdiefromsmoking-relateddiseases,includinglungandothercancers,cardiovasculardisorders,andpulmonarydiseases.轻献导孙效贯挥仟镭搬纵藻河部疼游海萝褥呈仁峡敢蒙笼架导碰惜钾姑幢
42、commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg3.We Americans are incredibly lazy. Instead of cooking a simple meal, we pop a frozen dinner into the oven. Instead of studying a daily newspaper, we are contented with the capsule summaries on the netw
43、ork news. Worst of all, instead of walking even a few blocks to the local convenience store, we jump into our cars. This dependence on the automobile, even for a short trips, has robbed us of a valuable experiencewalking. If we drove less and walked more, we would save money, become healthier, and d
44、iscover fascinating things about our surroundings. 风拦雏泌弥秤迂腻臂渝己禁糜以孟阜稼邓炊就冕底羹背曝袍门姻浪斡带怠commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法2.Make a Quotation: Quoteastatementthatyoueitheragreeordisagreewithanduseitasastartingpointtobuildintoyourthesisstatement
45、.攫负力深呵管佃托倪尊兆枉畏陛马局努改舞拖皱建抖芜坦笆辗碴辰拇饼咎commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.1: Jon Peters, President of Marineland Park, argues that, “captivity for the whales is the best thing for them. Our habitat pool is just like the Pacific Ocean: our kil
46、ler whales cant even tell the difference. Theyre very happy here.” However, research has shown that captivity does a great deal of harm to whales.边场泼丸韵盏惯我旅粘哮山踩煌乖曼爵蚕甸戳藕攀硷粕琵娃舶湿标窄彻拿commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 2HenryDavidThoreau,anA
47、mericanpoet,oncewrote,“Ourlifeisfritteredawaybydetailsimplify,simplify!”Thesewordsofadvicearedifficulttofollowinasocietywhereahecticpaceoflifeisthenormandtheattainmentofmorematerialgoodsisencouraged.However,Ibelievethatthisphilosophyoflivingsimplyhasquiteabitofmerit.Thedifficultyoffollowingthisphilo
48、sophyisknowingwhereweshouldbegin.IfweexamineHenryDavidThoreauslifecarefully,Ibelievewewillfindanumberofwaysinwhichtosimplifyourownlivesandyetliverichly.秉伊群库贺室莱锥因崭享猿跟旅妖汉童览执泻去刻卯孙镶旱焦频厕催孝液commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 3 “Fishandvisito
49、rs,”wroteBenjaminFranklin,“beginstosmellafterthreedays.”Lastsummer,whenmysisterandherfamilycametospendtheirtwo-weekvacationwithus,IbecameconvincedthatFranklinwasright.Afteronlythreedaysofmyfamilysvisit,Iwasthoroughlysickofmybrother-in-lawscornyjokes,mysistersendlesscomplainsaboutherbossandtheirchild
50、rensconstantinvasionofourprivacy.计胃线哼策社捞台很黔挺瘴浅痪钞仑番氮舅鲍临哆阮胸证辣铃藕录寿窥砌commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法3. Make a concession: Beginwithanacknowledgementofpartofyouropponentsargumentasbeingvalid.甫苹稼天峭汰雍溢酷茎图短球扫鲜臀备抡貉毫节躯叭砍瘤羔且饿元趟棕爱commonmethodsinwr
51、itingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. We hear a lot about the negative effects of television on the viewers. Obviously, television can be harmful if it is watched constantly to the exclusion of other activities. However, when television is watched in mode
52、ration, it is extremely valuable, as it provides relaxation, entertainment and education.投窜薪皿溃态坛涟蒙黍攻有痴时蓄句巧闺兼楷量赫啸蜂视钟织脏劫品删操commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Writeanintroductoryparagraphinyourownwords:Wehearalotaboutthenegativeeffectsof_.Obv
53、iously,_canbeharmfulif_.However,when_,itisextremelyvaluable,asit_.漱呕州溢庇流侠耍均暮翌紊旁裸矾矛灌灶镊巍说纳厅印砸逾响惋公颓樊企commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法4. Give a story or a specific example: 簿诗硫乃沸禽伎陶侍限婚绞乍乔独杏邵厩茧匹叭幕釜啮坎五仅然椎访猾获commonmethodsinwritingtheintroducti
54、on研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 1 (a real story of the author): During my trip to California last July, I stopped for a quick meal, never imagining what I was getting into. As soon as I walked into that pizza parlor and heard nothing but Spanish, I felt out of place.
55、 True, I had studied Spanish in school and could carry on a simple conversation. But for the first time in my memory, I was the minority person. I tried to look and act calm, but I was very uneasy. My understanding of racial bigotry began in that moment and has grown ever since. 摔走纸候隅神亥革凄褒签锋癌括却熙缔遣错蜘
56、挣奄虹谤傲匈醇嘿迅笋颖亨commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.2 (an imagined story or situation): Picturethis:Acoupleisdrivingtoaneventinanunfamiliarlocation,obviouslylost.Ratherthanquarrellingaboutonepartnersrefusaltostopandaskfordirections,theysimpl
57、ypressabutton,thecorrectroutingisobtained,andtheyareonceagainontheirway.TheysolvetheproblembyusingaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS).租腾陇顽迢贬关煤澄埠辣旭魁今氮歌砂纫鼻名圈硬棺靖吻掀楚红振竿腆融commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 3 (a specific example): The Pentagon has
58、 twice as many bathrooms as are necessary. The famous government building was constructed in the 1940s, when segregation laws required that separate bathrooms be installed for people of African descent. This building isnt the only American icon that harkens back to this embarrassing and hurtful time
59、 in our history. Across the United States there are many examples of leftover laws and customs that reflect the racism that once permeated American society.袒抱助灌矮柿悔褥权充检兽禹潜贰哄凉命偶豁东魁进目喝眼絮货绕矾睛摸commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 4EarlySunday
60、morningtheyoungmotherdressedherlittlegirlwarmlyandgaveheracandybar,apicturebook,andawell-wornstuffedrabbit.Together,theydrovedowntowntoaMethodistchurch.TherethemothertoldthelittlegirltowaitonthestonestepsuntilchildrenbeganarrivingforSundayschool.Thentheyoungmotherdroveoff,abandoningherfive-year-oldb
61、ecauseshecouldntcopewithbeingaparentanymore.Thisincidentisoneofthousandsofcasesofchildneglectandabusethatoccurannually.Perhapstheautomaticrighttobecomeaparentshouldnolongerexist.Would-beparentsshouldbeforcedtoapplyforparentallicensesforwhichtheywouldhavetomeetthreeimportantconditions.银樱弟豪瞎糯泪见脊蚤盾沼重经喘
62、莲善登毕粉堆延京螟车勋典训桌灿画高commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法5. Ask a question or a set of questions: Aquestionoraseriesofquestionscanbeveryeffectiveinorientingyourreaderandoutliningtheissuesyouplantodiscussinyourtext.)猩恰砌侦布容信肤慈掺焕嘱砌类吝舰话跳耐勘护别吵磊栋礼忱客逻
63、凛酶酒commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.1:Have you ever run in a marathon? Most marathons are twenty six miles. Have you ever heard of one-hundred mile marathons? The state of Colorado hosts a one-hundred mile marathon each year. People f
64、rom all over the United States and the world run in this marathon. Some of the top runners in this race have been members of the Tarahumara Indian tribe in the Sierra Madre mountains of Mexico. Tarahumaras do not train for marathons, but their lifestyle and culture promote, develop, and support this
65、 type of athletic endeavor.仲据矢寇斌歉画忻渺暮刮怔细蔑辨衰溯酉验征想写铜房学碘桐短势胰显羌commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.2:What is love? How do you know that we are really in love? When we meet that special person, how can we tell that our feelings are genuine an
66、d not mearly infatuation? And, if they are genuine, will these feelings last? Love, as we all know, is difficult to define. But most people agree that true and lasting love involves far more than mere physical attraction. Love involves mutual respect, the desire to give rather than take, and the fee
67、lings of being wholly at ease. 吩戚箍佩邑盟舒篙帛作渠甲萌阉砸蹈芬安朴逞湃询茹绪返桔欺坛过额猫牙commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法6. Make an analogy: Youmightemployastrikingcomparisontomakeapointorintroduceyourreadertoanunfamiliartopic.Usually,youdrawacomparisontosomethi
68、ngcommoninordertoexplainsomethinguncommonorunfamiliar练涵停秤餐辣动株洒横费酥秧兆竟碧切棠逻矾淀譬敢暴澳分挟调培槛承俄commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.: A habitat at Marineland Water Park is a cell not unlike what youd find at the Kingston Penitentiary, or at the Ken
69、t Correctional facility. The difference, of course, is that every inmate at Waterworld has been wrongfully persecuted and incarcerated. The inmates are serving life sentences without having committed any crimes.聋寝霖贱同泼仲窘勿掐蔡仕倦殃竟槽舒煞张噬哺厌顷柱饥斗职吸辑嫁卧韧commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmet
70、hodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法7. Start with an idea or situation that is the opposite of the one you will develop. Thisapproachworksbecauseyourreaderswillbesurprised,andthenintrigued,bythecontrastbetweentheopeningideaandthethesisthatfollowit.缠潭脂灸番枕甥抑氧铝搭氏总侦场诵陕赊插妆赎憋根嚼诲旭补径憾够氛徊commonmethodsinwr
71、itingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg1.When I decided to return to school at age thirty-five, I wasnt at all worried about my ability to do the work. After all, I was a grown woman who had raised a family, not a confused teenager fresh out of high school.
72、But when I started classes, I realized that those “confused teenagers” sitting around me were in much better shape for college than I was. They still had all their classroom skills in bright, shiny condition, while mine had grown rusty from disuse. I had to learn how to locate information in a libra
73、ry, how to write a report, and even how to speak up in class discussions. 辽痘酱墨约丝项亥节怕奉僚啄匡免砖民筷围拽搞贞皮潦殖肿兵摆祖圾朽鹊commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg2. Theadinfullcoloronaglossymagazinepage,showsabeautifulkitchenwithgleamingcounters.Intheforegro
74、und,ononeofthecounters,standsashinynewfoodprocessor.Usually,afemalehandistouchingitlovingly.Aroundthemainpicture,areother,smallshots.Theyshowmoundsofperfectlyslicedonionrings,thinroundsofjuicytomatoes,heapsofmatchstick-sizedpotatoes,andpilesofgolden,evenlygratedcheese.Theadcopytellsyouhowwonderful,h
75、oweasy,foodpreparationwillbewithaprocessor.Dontbelieveit.Myprocessorturnedouttobeexpensive,difficulttooperate,andverylimitedinitsuse.回养料还人低舆轩助踊腿苍殃淆围河冲命沸疤遭肿弦屠致醉侠皿沤齿探糜commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法8. Explain the importance of your topic
76、 to the reader. Ifyouconvinceyourreadersthatthesubjectinsomewayappliestothem,orissomethingtheyshouldknowmoreabout,theywillwanttokeepreading.焚慨佛退杖兢孪慰彼叭称顽黑刘烂乌干砍蒂冬纫阅质坤盆枪花蚂逸又狂弊commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.Disease like scarlet fever an
77、d whooping cough used to kill more young children than any other cause. Today, however, child mortality due to disease has been almost completely eliminated by medical science. Instead, car accidents are the number one killer of our children. And most of the children fatally injured in car accidents
78、 were not protected by car seats, belts, or restraints of any kind. Several steps must be taken to reduce the serious dangers car accidents post to our children. 疏眩凑匪霍兄妹享非具涡江肿轿特顽昧檀绕正漂制呼嘉舀魁拿携菱惨广外commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Tip:Things
79、toavoidinanacademicessayAvoid overused or colloquial expressionsNowadays,studyingabroadhasbecomeahottopicNowadays,withthefastimprovementofChinaseconomyNowadays,moreandmoreyoungstersareeagertostudyabroadNowadays,moreandmorecollegestudentschoosetogoabroadtoNowadays,thereisaphenomenonthatmoreandmorestu
80、dents鼎箔手冯妹驰砒药吼溶哥弓耪削狡务篮勾胁鸭迂沫翰认邀耗倡们续仟虾哩commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法ConcludingparagraphAconcludingparagraphisyourchancetoremindthereaderofyourthesisideaandbringthepapertoanaturalandgracefulend.确腹诉骇袄挖公伊栈衬的霞巷旷擎泌渡模琢斜坛剧掘垛哺堆乏辗脉灭好没commonmeth
81、odsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Thingstoavoidinconclusion:Dontendbymakingunnecessaryannouncement,suchas“Inconclusion,letmeremindyou”;Dontendbymakingloftyclaims,suchas“Thisdiscoverywillforever”;Dontsimplyrepeatyourthesisormainpoints;循马丘局脉锁埃征殊蚜讫扩没僻
82、狱岳泰苑缆吹迂被竣甘滓蹲怒甜堂骄唤讼commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Methodsofconclusion1. End with a summary and final thought. a.tellthereaderwhatyouregoingtotellthem.b.tellthemc.tellthemwhatyouvetoldthem傲各粹木芹慢债烫铂晨峡凶咖膜彪兆栽氦薪郊瘪遵隋灾黍函该酸袍牛锻浑commonmethodsinwr
83、itingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg1.:Catalog shopping at home, then, has several advantages. Such shopping is convenient, saves you money, and saves you time. It is not surprising that growing numbers of devoted catalog shoppers are welcoming those full
84、-color mail brochures that offer everything from turnip seeds to televisions. 梭撑亦设想葫紧赞耳景抨居邑貌尉粗瞥鸽梢听肝救宠睫挑业船乎挠藕诽拔commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 2: Some people dream of starring roles, their names in lights, and their pictures on the c
85、over of People magazine. Im not one of them, though. A famous people gives up private life, feels pressured all the time, and is never completely safe. So let someone else have that cover story. Id rather lead an ordinary, but calm, life than a stress-filled one. 蒜井诗败古咋历俩癸买刘率湛猾浊翔敏团看字叶奏烦轮呈绷篆标棍噶氧伸comm
86、onmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法2. Include a thought-provoking question or short series of questions. Aqestiongrabsthereadersattention.Itisadirectappealtoyourreadertothinkfurtheraboutwhatyouhavewritten.Aquestionshouldfollowlogicallyfromthep
87、ointsyouhavemadeinthepaper.潜朴弗踏因壮早烘忆霸浪狭邀短拜吸潜础渗兢威毛殿椅释毛萤喇蓝烁痈钡commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Aquestionmustdealwithoneofthefollowingareas:a.whythesubjectofyourpaperisimportantb.whatmighthappeninthefuturec.whatshouldbedoneaboutthissubjectd.
88、whichchoiceshouldbemade矗涉晒戴军衅诌涪赤弦缔澄吸绕公低只矮番移咀西湖锋班兜滦菜债洲抒烁commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg. 1: What, then, will happen in the twenty-first century when most of the population will be over sixty years old? Retirement policies could change
89、 dramatically, with the age-sixty-five testimonial dinner and gold watch postponed for five or ten years. Even television would change as the Metamucil generation replaces the Pepsi generation. Glamorous gray-haired models would sell everything from toilet paper to televisions. New soap operas and s
90、ituation comedies would reveal the secrets of the “sunset years.” It will be a different world indeed when the young find themselves outnumbered. 辛拎湿宣衅吨影搁像局著疤刚鼎冻娃有橱蒲厨巡喀叫脐圆异将货近漏臻雄commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.2: Holidays,itisclear,a
91、reoftennotthefulfillingexperiencetheyaresupposedtobe.Theycan,infact,beverystressful.Butwouldweratherhaveaholiday-freecalendar?恃势布负问涕披点澳迭靳茧赋秦炳专筷李询誊字濒恳久谚痴深汇敷夫腾搁commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法3.End with a prediction or recommendation. 萝跨啪
92、羽市租匀苦讯渭陨琳免鳃逐彰抗羚第幸佣迎言详眯蓖银遥奉吼锁宇commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.1:If people stopped to think before acquiring pets, there would be fewer instances of cruelty to animals. Many times, it is the people who adopt pets without considering th
93、e expense and responsibility involved who mistreat and neglect their animals. Pets are living creatures. They do not deserve to be treated as carelessly as one would treat a stuffed toy. 擒据宗哦婪泪啪往责绿兴乃狼凭近漾鲸瞥矾橡朱槽陌皿纯震氯碍钓怪扯由commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduc
94、tion研究生常见英语写作技法Eg.2: Disappointments are unwelcome, but regular, visitors in everyones life. We can feel depressed about them, or we can try to escape from them. The best thing, though, is to accept a disappointment and then try to use it somehow: Step over the unwelcome visitor and then get on with
95、 life. 捞教斡午臂芒矿辗葬福饼鸣踩埠缘午攒弗绚粗撇巷政透筑逝膀廊酌苛梦杨commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Avoid awkward closing phrasesInconclusion,.(thisisthebestendingifyouareconcluding)Inshort,(Ok,butitsinformalandoverused)Therefore,(thisisthebestendingifthecauseandef
96、fectareclear)So,(weak;avoidit)Toconclude,(thissoundsfunnytoanativespeaker)Insummary,(OK)Insum,(tooinformalforashortpaper;dontuseit)Inaword,(usuallymisused,sodontuseit)益寸属吏禽嘛忿皑薯槛泼庭轨菜设敞近植印迁氰忻乐箍烤蔬拂合哎鸟喧鬼commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Title
97、sAtitleisaverybriefsummaryofwhatyourpaperisabout.Itisoftennomorethanseveralwords.Youmayfinditeasiertowritethattitleafteryouhavecompletedyourpaper.颇么祟粪傅巾泼蛇歧忱橙陨掏佛面狠摹校并稍叠龙鞘蛰礼户吟汰娄玫闪肺commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Writeanappropriatetitlefor
98、eachofthefollowingintroductoryparagraphsParagraph1.ImnotjustaconsumerImavictim.IfIorderaproduct,itissuretoarriveinthewrongcolor,size,orquantity.IfIhirepeopletodorepairs,theyneverarriveonthedayscheduled.IfIoweabill,thecomputerisboundtooverchargeme.Therefore,inself-defense,Ihavedevelopedthefollowingco
99、nsumersguidetocomplainingeffectively.轴徽袍窃匆釜柞鸦庞淋虏钨会脾湃噪宣尊蹬酬烘至疼堆复双哉遍遭厚沧扳commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法HowtoComplain惹弧助弹赁句谷舆钮暇碗庸斩咨捶提毯徒疆坪骋朔肪畔汹饥香诸牛插轴背commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见
100、英语写作技法Paragraph2Schoolsdividepeopleintocategories.Fromfirstgradeonup,studentsarelabeled“advanced”or“deprived”or“remedial”or“antisocial.”Studentspigeonholetheirfellowstudents,too.Weveallknownthe“brain,”the“jock,”,the“dummy,”andthe“teacherspet.”Inmostcases,thesenarrowlabelsaremisleadingandinaccurate.B
101、utthereisonelabelforacertaintypeofcollegestudentsthatsaysitall:“zombie.”锗胞俗脚靡勾摧槽宋尚遭寓荐霞诧计梦夹贾械壶殴骆腆炙毕庇悍晓申肖嫁commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法StudentZombies葛誊街棘嗜哈遁抛铬桔享菌抚途裕蓝润壁哀排钓汹蓟箔璃砌题仪描篮瑶篙commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法common
102、methodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Paragraph3Formybirthdaythismonth,mywifehasofferedtotreatmetodinnerattherestaurantofmychoice.IthinksheexpectsmetoaskforamealattheChalet,theclassiest,mostexpensiverestaurantintown.However,ImgoingtoeatmybirthdaydinneratMcDonalds.WhenIcomparethetworestaurants,th
103、eadvantagesofeatingatMcDonaldsareclear.啊炕萨飘靳敏租束字茵滦碰避锤珊飘瘫冉雨判纳畦耕犁次环绰沸挛狐薪猫commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法AVoteforMacDonald坷讽盗贝裁剑臻帅改弹捉奥转亚耪舜瘴爵馅辱璃惰隘柒喜问读厂碱校能诵commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroductio
104、n研究生常见英语写作技法Paragraph3Ihavebeeninlotsofdinners,andtheyhavealwaysseemedtobewarm,busy,friendly,happyplaces.Thatiswhy,onarecentMondaynight,Istoppedatadinerforacupofcoffee.Iwasreturninghomeafteranall-daycartripandneededsomethingtohelpmemakethelastforty-fivemiles.Adinneratmidnight,however,wasnottheplaceI
105、haveexpected.Itwasdifferentandlonely.尸乘漓毁文跳岛金努攘泄弊兰汽县轨窟初搏箕辕穗莎榨命闷袄饲逞鲍咕携commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法Paragraph4Ifyouseerock-concertaudiencesonlyontelevisionorinnewspaperphotos,thepeopleattheseeventsmayallseemtobeexcitedteenagers.However
106、,ifyouattendedafewrockshows,youwouldseethatseveralkindsofpeoplemakeupthecrowd.Atanyconcert,youwouldfindthetypicalfan,theout-of-placeperson,andthetroublemaker.钓磐飞先眼赁聘崭疽妙达夕轴性膊钨揭叔人姚阀破预杨旗外瑶布赐南确据commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法翌讥堑肾嗜嗓号跌瑶坠璃瘟侣犬彰龙眺浓屉沽讹比荆卞阶哨酣鸽颤品任旨commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法粥剂咬甫屋簇绷咨紧忻惋溯替扮羹歪隅玲提夜咀掩棕武撰凿守飘总色蔡验commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法commonmethodsinwritingtheintroduction研究生常见英语写作技法
