《用高一被动语态PPT课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《用高一被动语态PPT课件（54页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、被动语态1一、被动语态的定义：一、被动语态的定义： 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态动作的执行者，则为主动语态（Active Voice）；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态则为被动语态（Passive Voice）。 被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，构成，时态通过时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。2在被动句中有时用在被动句中有时用by- 词组，有时不用。一般词组，有时不用。一般来说，当动作的执行者为谁不甚清楚，不甚重
2、要来说，当动作的执行者为谁不甚清楚，不甚重要或难以说出时，通常不用或难以说出时，通常不用by。但有时为了强调。但有时为了强调动作执行者或者由于上下和结构上的需要则必须动作执行者或者由于上下和结构上的需要则必须使用使用 by 词组。例如：词组。例如：Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 哈姆雷特是莎士比亚写的。哈姆雷特是莎士比亚写的。3何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the
3、world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 4三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有人说有人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说
4、 It is supposed that 5四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如： Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao魏华是被林涛叫来的。魏华是被林涛叫来的。 6五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989 六、表示礼貌时。例如：六、表示礼貌时。例如： You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8：00pmtomorrow敬请您明天晚上敬请您明天晚上8：00光临我们的英语
5、晚会。光临我们的英语晚会。 7 二、各种时态的被动语态构成二、各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：一般现在时：You are required to do this.2）一般过去时：一般过去时：The story was told by her.3）一般将来时：一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.84）现在进行时：）现在进行时：The question is being discussed in the meeting room.5）过去进行时：）过去进行时：The new road was being made.6）现在完成时：）现在
6、完成时：The novel has been read. 7)情态动词：情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.91.They make shoes in that factory. 三、主动语态变被动语态三、主动语态变被动语态Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时的被动语态构成一般现在时的被动语态构成 ：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词102. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers
7、 were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词过去分词113Ling Feng can take good care of Polly Polly can be taken good care of by Ling Feng .情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词124.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S
8、+ will+be+过去分词过去分词135.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词146We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词157I was doing my homework at 8:00 las
9、t night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词过去分词16Practice171.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are
10、 usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told185. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers
11、 to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished199. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful sta
12、mps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done2012.He ca
13、n mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken2114.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?
14、_ this question often _ about _ _? is studiedIs talked by them2216.Someone must help me move away the heavy bag.I must _ _ to move away this heavy bag.17.Was the window broken by Tom?（变为主动语态）（变为主动语态）_ Tom_ the window? be helpedDid break2318.The tractor wasnt driven out of the road.He_ _ the tractor
15、out of the road.19.Doesnt Bob clean the street every day?_ the street _ by Bob every day? didnt driveIsnt cleaned2420.What can they do to finish the work on time?_ _ _ _ by them to finish the work?What can be done21.None of the children were made to try the new medicine by the doctor.The doctor _ _
16、_ _ the _ _ the new medicine. didnt make any children try of25Homework26将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1 1We sweep the floor every dayWe sweep the floor every day 2 2He gave me a bookHe gave me a book yesterdayyesterday3 3The nurses The nurses were were taktakinging care of the sick old
17、 care of the sick old manman 4 4You can take the book out of the reading You can take the book out of the reading roomroom 5 5What do the workers use the machine forWhat do the workers use the machine for？ 6 6I made him work two hours every dayI made him work two hours every day7 7Class One will Cla
18、ss One will plant some treesplant some trees tomorrow tomorrow 8 8We have learned two thousand English We have learned two thousand English wordswords9 9We found many students playing football on We found many students playing football on the playground.the playground.27将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为
19、被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1.The1.The floor floor is swept by us is swept by us every day every day 2 2. A . A bookbook was given to was given to me yesterdayme yesterday3 3The sick old manThe sick old man was was taktakinging care of care of by by the the nursesnurses. .4 4. T. The book canhe book can be be ta
20、ke taken n out of the reading room out of the reading room 5 5. .What What isis the machine use the machine used d for for by by the workers the workers ？ 6 6He isHe is made made toto work two hours every day work two hours every day7 7Some treesSome trees will will be be plantplanted by ed by Class
21、 One Class One tomorrowtomorrow 8 8.T.Two thousand English wordswo thousand English words havehave been been learnedlearned. . 9 9. M. Many students any students were were found playing football on found playing football on the playground.the playground.28Homework29Translations.1. 他被认为是一个天才。他被认为是一个天
22、才。regard2. 那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。3. 这本书是这本书是1969年写成的。年写成的。 4. 他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。5. 这支钢笔已经用了几年。这支钢笔已经用了几年。 6. 工作将于三小时后完成。工作将于三小时后完成。7. 他说这家工厂已经开张。他说这家工厂已经开张。 8. 这孩子必须被好好照顾。这孩子必须被好好照顾。30Translations.1. 他被认为是一个天才。他被认为是一个天才。He is regarded as a genius. 2. 那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理
23、。The broken bike is being repaired now. 3. 这本书是这本书是1969年写成的。年写成的。This book was written in 1969. 4. 他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。He told us the cat was being washed when we called him. 31 5. 这支钢笔已经用了几年。这支钢笔已经用了几年。The pen has been used for several years. 6. 他说这家工厂已经开张。他说这家工厂已经开张。He said the facto
24、ry had been opened .7. 工作将于三小时后完成。工作将于三小时后完成。The work will be finished in three hours. 8. 这孩子必须被好好照顾。这孩子必须被好好照顾。The baby must be looked after well. 32再 见33 五、在什么情况下不能使用被动语五、在什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢？态呢？1.表示状态的动词，如表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last， own，hold，become等往往不能用于被动语态。等往往不能用于被动语态。例如：例如： 【正】【正】The shirt fits h
25、im very well 【误】【误】He is fitted very well by the shirt 342.祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如：祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如： 【正】【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误】【误】The blackboard is looked at by you 353.某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被动语态。例如：组织时不能用于被动语态。例如： 【正】【正】He joined the League in 1998 【误】【误】The League was joined b
26、y him in 1998 364.由由“动词名词动词名词”构成的英语习语（如构成的英语习语（如make faces，make friends，take place等）一般不等）一般不可改为被动语态。例如：可改为被动语态。例如： 【正】【正】The boy make faces in class 【误】【误】Faces are made by the boy in class Great changes have taken place in Jinan since last year.375.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：动语态。例如： 【正】
27、【正】You must look after yourself 【误】【误】Yourself must be looked after 38先将主动句改为被动句，再把被先将主动句改为被动句，再把被先将主动句改为被动句，再把被先将主动句改为被动句，再把被动句变为一般疑问句与否定句动句变为一般疑问句与否定句动句变为一般疑问句与否定句动句变为一般疑问句与否定句 1 1People People growgrow wheat in North wheat in North ChinaChina 2 2They They boughtbought ten computers last ten compu
28、ters last termterm 393Some workers are painting the classrooms now 4We have made twenty more beds 5Ling Feng can take good care of Polly.6I was doing my homework at 8：00 last night 40一、如主动句含一、如主动句含间宾和直宾间宾和直宾双宾语；双宾语；或含省略或含省略to的不定式作宾补，变被动的不定式作宾补，变被动时有何变化呢？时有何变化呢？Uncle Li lent us the boat last week（变被动
29、）（变被动） We were lent the boat by Uncle Li last week The boat was lent to us by Uncle Li last week（加上了（加上了to，有的也加，有的也加for） 41Mum made me a new dress.I was made a new dress by Mum.A new dress was made for me by my mother.42 间宾（人）作被动句的主语，间宾（人）作被动句的主语，一切依旧；而直宾（物）作主语，一切依旧；而直宾（物）作主语，则须在间宾前添加则须在间宾前添加to或或for
30、。加。加to的的动词多为动词多为give，send，bring，teach，show，pass，write，ask，tell等；加等；加for的动词有的动词有make， draw，buy等。等。 43二、二、My parents made me water all these young trees（变被动）（变被动） I was made to water all these young trees by my parents（加上了（加上了to） 44这种主动句中用省这种主动句中用省to的不定式的不定式作宾补，变被动时定要加上作宾补，变被动时定要加上to。这种谓语动词有这种谓语动词有fee
31、l，hear，listen to，let，make，have， see，notice，look at，watch（即常言道（即常言道“一感二听一感二听三让四看见三让四看见”）。）。 45将下列句子改为主动语态将下列句子改为主动语态将下列句子改为主动语态将下列句子改为主动语态1Was the work finished by him 1Was the work finished by him yesterdayyesterday？ 2 2He was given a pen by me He was given a pen by me yesterdayyesterday 3 3Children
32、 should be taken good Children should be taken good care ofcare of 464 4The trees must be put in the The trees must be put in the hole by themhole by them 5 5The car is not being repaired The car is not being repaired by her nowby her now 6.Were the books taken away 6.Were the books taken away by th
33、e girl?by the girl?47将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1 1We sweep the floor every dayWe sweep the floor every day 2 2He gave me a bookHe gave me a book yesterdayyesterday3 3The nurses The nurses were were taktakinging care of the sick old care of the sick old manman 4 4You can take the bo
34、ok out of the reading You can take the book out of the reading roomroom 5 5What do the workers use the machine forWhat do the workers use the machine for？ 6 6I made him work two hours every dayI made him work two hours every day7 7Class One will Class One will plant some treesplant some trees tomorr
35、ow tomorrow 8 8We have learned two thousand English We have learned two thousand English wordswords9 9We found many students playing football on We found many students playing football on the playground.the playground.48将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1.The floor is swept by us every day 2. A book was given t
36、o me yesterday3The sick old man was taking care of by the nurses.4. The book can be taken out of the reading room. 5.What is the machine used for by the workers ？ 49将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1.The1.The floor floor is swept by us is swept by us every day every day 2 2. A . A bookboo
37、k was given to was given to me yesterdayme yesterday3 3The sick old manThe sick old man was was taktakinging care of care of by by the nursesthe nurses. .4 4. T. The book canhe book can be be take taken n out of the out of the reading roomreading room. . 5 5. .What What isis the machine use the mach
38、ine used d for for by by the the workers workers ？ 506He is made to work two hours every day7Some trees will be planted by Class One tomorrow 8.Two thousand English words have been learned. 9. Many students were found playing football on the playground.511. amusement2.containing3. importance4. borin
39、g, bored5. to admire6. translate7. practical8. 9. on10. with521. To be exact2. If not3. make/earn a/their living4. Above all/ For a start /To begin with5. for us to catch6. to remove7. easy to use8. are tired of/ are bored with9.to take care of10. how to deal with/ what to do with531. warmer2. For/During3. them4. threatens5.since6. survival7. a8. Without9. But10. when1. increasingly2. few3. working4. but5. whatever6. without7. where8. about9. should be taken10.who54
