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1、高二英语语法复习课件It的用法的用法it是常见代词之一，它既可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还能作形式主语或形式宾语，同时可以引起强调结构，是历年高考热点之一。现对其用法作一归纳。一、用来表示时间、天气、地点、距离、环境、形势等。例如：Itistwomilestothebeach.(Oxford)这里到海滨有两英里。Itwasraininginthemorning.(Oxford)今天早晨下着雨。IfitsconvenientIcanseeyoutomorrow.(Oxford)如果方便，我明天能见你。it表示时间常用于句型：1、Itis/hasbeen一段时间since从句。意为“自以来已
2、有多长时间了”或“自不以来已有多长时间了”。例如：1）Itis/hasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon(P.136SEFCBook2B)自从我上次到伦敦，已经有许多年了。2）Itsalongtimesincewemetlast.(P.89JEFCBook3)自从我们上次见面以来已经有很长一段时间了。2、Itis/was/willbe+一段时间+before从句。表示“在（做某事）前过了多长时间”，或“过了多长时间才”。如：Butit_morethan100yearsbeforethecountrybeginsonceagaintolookasitdidbef
3、ore.但是在100年之后，这个国家才能恢复到以前的样子。willbe二、用来指代人。说明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代婴儿或儿童；在不清楚某人性别时，也可使用it，尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如：1.-Look,someoneiscoming.Whocanitbe?-Itmaybetheheadmaster.-Itcantbehim.HehasgonetoShanghai.-ItmustbeMr.Zhang.Helooksliketheheadmaster.2._DoctorStone,isntit?Shesusuallygood.A.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Sheis
4、3.-IsthatDoctorStone?-Yeah.-Whois_?A.thisB.thatC.sheD.it三、用来指代前文中的内容，或指代整个主句。如：1.Takeyourpoundofflesh!Ideclarethecourtallowsitandthelawgivesittoyou.(P.63SEFCBook3A)割下你要的那一磅肉吧！我宣布法庭允许你这么做，法律把那一磅肉判给你了。2.Ifitispossible,hodupthepartofthebodywhichisbleeding.(P.44SEFCBook2A)如果可能的话，就把出血的部位抬起来。3.Iwasdisappo
5、intedwiththefilm，Ihadexpected_tobemuchbetterAthatBthisConeDit4.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,_didnthelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.butitB.C.5.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.A.itwhattodowithB.howtodealwithitC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwith6.TheParkersboughtanewhou
6、se,_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.AbutthatBbutitConeDwhich7.Iloveswimming,_keepsmefit.A.anditB.whichC.itD.asB.8.Theysaidtheyhadfinishedthework,but_.C.IcantbelieveitB.whatIcantbelieveD.C.whichIcantbelieveD.Idontbelieve四、在一些相对固定的词组中出现，没有特殊含义，经常不翻译。如：1.Hesneverreallymadeitasanactor.(Oxford)作为演员
7、，他从未获得过真正的成功。2.Itismyturn轮到我了。3.3.Thatsjustit-Icantworkwhenyouremakingsomuchnoise.(Oxford)原因就在这儿-你们这么吵，我没法工作。4._.IvegotsomuchworkIdontknowwheretostart.A.Whatanawful!B.Itsawful!B.C.Thatwasawful!D.Asisawful,C.5._withyou?D._Verywell,thankyou.E.WhatisgoingonB.HowisitgoingF.C.HowiseverythinggoingG.D.What
8、isup五、指代不定式、动名词、从句等，用作形式主语或形式宾语。如：1._alwaysdifficulttobeinaforeigncountry,especiallyifyoudontspeakthelanguage.A.ThatisalwaysB.ItisalwaysB.C.ItwillbealwaysD.Thatwillalwaysbe2.Wemustmake_tothepublicthatsomethingshouldbedonetostoppollution.A.WhatisclearB.itisclearB.C.ItclearD.thatclearC.3.Ihate_whenpeo
9、pletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.D.A.it B.thatC.theseD.them4._onedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfree.A.ItishopedforB.whatishopedthatB.C.AsishopedthatD.ItishopedthatC.5._insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.D.A.ItappearedcalmbutB.Heappearedcalm,butC.WhatappearedcalmwasD.Itwasappearedcalm,but用用 it 作
10、形式主语或形式宾语的句型主要有作形式主语或形式宾语的句型主要有:It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth.Itbe过去分词that从句Itbe形容词that从句5、Itbe名词（词组）that从句1.Isitpossiblenecessarytotellhisfathereverything?2.Infactitisahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.3.Idontthinkitpossibletom
11、asteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.4.Howsillyofyouitistohavedoneit!It + be + adj./ n. (for sb./of sb ) + to do sth. 注意：注意：该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，等，此时用此时用for；表示人的性格特征或特点的如表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，w
12、ise，clever， careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful， grateful等，这时要用等，这时要用 of。It + be + fun/ a waste of time/ no good/ no use doing sth.1._tojumpintoariveronahotsummerday!A.HowfunitisB.WhatfunitisB.C.WhatfunofitisD.WhatafunitisItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.谚牛奶已泼，哭也无用。It be过去分词过去分词that从句从句Itissaid,reported,a
13、nnounced,hoped,thought，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested,known+that从句该句型通常可以转换成sb/sthissaidthat如：Itissaidthatthebookwastranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.It be形容词形容词 that从句从句 可用于此句型的形容词还有可用于此句型的形容词还有wonderful，true，good，right，wrong，import
14、ant，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lucky，certain等。如：1）Itisquitecertainthathewillnotmakeaspeechatthemeeting.2）Itisimportantthatwe(should)studyhard.5、It be名词（词组）名词（词组）that从句从句。适用该句型的名词（词组）还有apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews等。如：1）Itisapity(that)youmissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.2）_isa
15、factthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It6、It seem appear happen的适当形的适当形式式that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。式的简单句。如：1）Itseemsthatthereisabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.(P.31SEFCBook3A)Thereseemstobeabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.2）Heappearedcalm,but
16、insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.(P.56SEFCBook3A)Itappearedthathewascalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.7、Itdoesntmatter（Itsnowonder；Itdoesntmaketoomuchdifference等）when/where/which/whether等从句。如：1）Does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it2）Theyareallclassmates_isnowo
17、nder_theyshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudiesAThis；whetherBIt；ifCThat；thatDIt；that8、S.+v.it+adj./n./+不定式或从句。常用于这一句型的动词有find,consider,feel,make,think等。如：1）hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.2）Iwanttomakeitclearwhethersheisstillatschool.3）IfeelitourdutytostudyEnglishwell.4）Idontthink_possibl
18、etomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(NMET90)A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it1.WasitBill,_playsfootballwell,_helpedtheblindmancrosstheroad.A.that/thatB.who/thatB.C.who/whoC.that/whoC.六、六、it 用来引起强调句型用来引起强调句型解析解析Who引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰Bill;that指代被强调部分Bill.2.Itwasintheschool,_Ioncestudied,_weheldaparty.正是在我曾经
19、就读的那所学校我们举行了一次聚会.A.where/thatB.inwhich/thatB.C.that/whereD.that/inwhich解析解析whereIoncestudied非限定性定语从句修饰school。3.Itwasinthe1990s,_greatchangesweretakingplaceinchina,_hemadealotofmoney.正是在中国发生着巨大变化的二十世纪九十年代,他挣了大把的钞票.A.that/whenB.duringwhich/thatB.C.when/thatD.that/that解析解析强调部分inthe1990s后跟了一个非限定性定语从句。4.
20、-Wheredidyoumeethim?-Itwasinthepark_hiswifeandhefirstmet.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.when这是个强调举行的省略句，完整句子是：ItwasintheparkwherehiswifeandhefirstmetthatImethim.解析解析4.-Doyoustillremember_youlostyourwallet?-Yeah.Itwasatthecrossing_Igotlost.A.wherewasit/thatB.wherewasit/thatB.C.Theplacewhere/whereC.D.whereit
21、wasthat/where第一个空是强调句型用作宾语从句；第二空where引导定语从句，后边省略了thatlostmywallet.解析解析5.Itwasfiveoclockintheafternoon_theyclimbeduptothetopofthemountainAsinceBwhenCthatDuntilfiveoclockintheafternoon不能独立作时间状语，不能作为一个强调部分；atfiveoclock才可以构成独立的时间状语。解析解析6.-Canit_themanagerthattalkedtoyourbrother?-No.It_someoneelsethatspo
22、ketoyourbrother.A.be/musthavebeenB.havebeen/musthavebeenB.C.havebeen/mustbeD.be/mustbe解析解析这是强调句型表示判断的用法，对过去情况推测、判断。1._intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires(2005上海)综合练习解析解析It在此作形式主语，实际宾语为thatyoushould.2.C
23、atherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed_to_andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.(2006安徽)A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herselfaddressedittoherself,it代指thepostcard;意思是“在明信片上写上自己的地址寄给她自己。解析解析3.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade_herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeoplesaffairsin
24、thattown.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it(2006湖南)解析解析It为形式宾语，指代不定式tolookafteralltheotherpeoplesaffairsinthattown.4._isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(2006浙江)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.It解析解析It形式主语指代thatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,5.Idappreciate_ifyouwoul
25、dliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you(2006山东)解析解析It为形式宾语，指代ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.6.Idontlikeworkinglateintothenight，butIcanthelp_.A.soB.thatC.itD.them.解析解析Icanhelpit.为习惯用法，意思是“我实在控制不住”，“这不能怪我”。全句意思是“我不想熬夜，但我控制不住自己。7.IpreferaflatinInvernessto_inPerth,becauseIwan
26、ttolivenearmyMoms.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this(2005天津)One不定代词，指代aflatinPerth。全句的意思是：我更在Inverness有一套有一套房子，而不是在Perth，因为我想住在我妈妈附近。解析解析8.Wevebeenlookingathousesbuthaventfound_welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.what解析解析考查不定代词的用法。one指代ahouse;whatwelike我们喜欢的东西，指房子。9.Thedoctoradvisedstronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_d
27、idnthelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.heIt指代前文中的事情。解析解析10.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblemsinfactfarmoreserious_thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those解析解析Ones指的是前边的problems,farmoreseriousonesthanmobilephonesdo是前边healthproblems的同位语,对healthproblems进行补充说明。11.Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately_co
28、uldntsparemeevenoneminute.A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it从句子结构上，可排除选项C；从代词的意义上可排除D；根据前半句的意思，句中的afriend指任意一个朋友，可理解为afriend0fmine而后半句意指“我”这些朋友们，为复数。解析解析12.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneit是形式宾语，在句中无实意，只是指代句子后面现象：天气晴朗。解析解析13.-Doyoulike_here-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayofli
29、fe.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it(2004全国II)it在这里作形式宾语，无实际意义。而A、B、C须指代具体的东西。解析解析14.Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_fromsomewoodwehad.A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another解析解析由题意可知，因为我们需要一个新的，所以Peter就做了一个新的。one表前面提到的同一类人或物，it则指同一物，another指在原来的基础上另外的。15.-Yourcoffeesmellsgreat!-ItsfromMe
30、xico.Wouldyoulike_A.itB.someC.thisD.little(2003春)根据上下句排除选项C、D；选项A表示上文所谈到事物的整个或全部，选项B表示上句所谈事物的部分。解析解析16.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what(2002全国)one指代moment作同位语，解释是一个永远珍惜的时刻。Iwillalwaystreasure是定语从句，作one的定语，省略了关系代词which或that。译文：多年后与我叔叔的会面是一个难忘的时刻，一个我将永远珍惜的时刻。解析解析17.-Hewasnearlydrownonce.-Whenwas_-_wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This用that指代上文提到的事，避免了重复；it指代时间。解析解析
