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1、Module 6 Unit 1Grammar and usage Overview of tenses 1This_(be) our school. It_(lie) in Taoyuan County, Hunan Province. It_(build) since seven years ago.We_ (study) in this school for about one and a half years. We _(have) an English class now.islieshas been builthave been studyingare havingsimple pr
2、esentpresent perfectpresent perfect continuouspresent continuous presentpresent present present - Tenses related to present1.simple present 一般现在时一般现在时 2.present continuous 现在进行时现在进行时 3.present perfect 现在完成时现在完成时 4.present perfect continuous 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时 Overview of tenses 1:present tenses1.The Sim
3、ple Present Tense1) Form构成： do;does (am/is/are)2) Usage用法：We use it to talk about things that are true now.(现在情况现在情况) things that are always true.(客观真理客观真理)things that occur regularly.(经常发经常发生生)Future actions that are in an adverbial clause (在时间在时间,条件条件,让步状语从句中表示将来的动作让步状语从句中表示将来的动作)Future actions th
4、at are scheduled( 按按时刻表时刻表,日程表日程表 ) 3)与一般现在时连用的时间状语：与一般现在时连用的时间状语：often, usually, always, seldom, sometimes,every day, once a week, twice a week JJJJ一一般般现现在在时时表表不不受受时时间间限限制制的的动动作作或或状状态态.主主要要指指自自然然规规律律,客观真理客观真理,格言或警句等。格言或警句等。eg. The teacher told us that light _(travel)faster than sound.例如：例如：Columbus
5、 proved that the earth _(be)round. is travelseg. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧熟能生巧 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败骄者必败注意：注意：注意：注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。1. My mother loves classical music. 2. My father visits his parents once a week.3. When I was very y
6、oung, my granny told me the earth is round and most rivers flow into seas and oceans. a.现在情况现在情况b.客观真理客观真理c.经常发生经常发生Please match:Focus on:The exhibition _on May 1st and _ at the end of June. (open; close)The plane _at 11:30 and _ in Shanghai at 1:20. (take off; arrive)_there a film on tonight? (be)在
7、口语中，一般现在时常可表示按规定、在口语中，一般现在时常可表示按规定、时间表、时间表、日程表日程表计划或安排要发生的事情，常有一个表示未计划或安排要发生的事情，常有一个表示未来的时间状语来的时间状语.多用于表示起始或移动意义的动词。多用于表示起始或移动意义的动词。begin, come, leave, start, arrive, go,open,close,take off, etc.opensclosestakes offarrivesIs no matter what happensin case you get into difficultyTranslation :Ill give
8、her the notebook_.Tell me_.He will keep the work _ _.当她来时当她来时when she comes在时间状语从句中、条件状语从句中、在时间状语从句中、条件状语从句中、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或状态。将来发生的动作或状态。万一你有麻烦万一你有麻烦不管发生什么不管发生什么2.The Present Continuous Tense1) Form构成： am/is/are doing2) Usage用法：We use it to talk about actions that are happe
9、ning or in progress now.(此刻此刻/现阶段现阶段)future actions that are already planned. （按按说话人说话人计划或安排计划或安排） repeated actions ,used with“always, constantly ,forever”usu.with a negative connotation.(与与always等连用表感情色等连用表感情色彩彩) now, at present ,this weekJJ注意注意She is leaving Shanghai for Guangzhou next weekThey ar
10、e going abroad for holidays.leave, go, come, arrive, start, move，stop ,spend，stay etc.表示按说话人计划安排打算将要发生的动作。多表示按说话人计划安排打算将要发生的动作。多用于一些表示起始和移动等意义的动词。例如：用于一些表示起始和移动等意义的动词。例如：Translation:下周她将离开上海去广州下周她将离开上海去广州他们将出国度假他们将出国度假3.The Present Perfect Tense1) Form构成 has/have done2) Usage用法：We use it to talk abo
11、ut experiences that are repeated. (主语的经历主语的经历) things that happened in the past, but have an effect on the present.(过去发生影响现在过去发生影响现在 ) things that started in the past and are still happening now (过去发生延续至今过去发生延续至今)ever,never,twice,already, notyet, just,lately, recently, in recent years, since, for tw
12、o years, during/in the past/last few years, from then on, so far, up to/till now3)现在完成时常与下列时间状语连用：JJJ注意注意表示动作在过去完成，构成主语的经历。表示动作在过去完成，构成主语的经历。eg.I have been to the Great Wall three times. eg.This is the fourth time that I have seen the film. I like it very much.It/That/this is thetime that S+have/has
13、+donehave/has+done Thats the third time he has phoned her this morning.那是今天早上他第三次给她打电话那是今天早上他第三次给她打电话. . Its the first gold medal Ive had for ages. 这是多年来我获得的第一块金牌这是多年来我获得的第一块金牌.表示动作发生在过去，但对现在的情况表示动作发生在过去，但对现在的情况产生影响。产生影响。eg.Thank you. I have had my supper.eg.I have seen the film. Have they found the
14、 missing child yet ?表示发生在过去的动作一直延续到现在。表示发生在过去的动作一直延续到现在。eg.The conference has lasted for five days.eg.We have known each other since we were children.*瞬间动作的肯定式一般不可与表示一段时间的状瞬间动作的肯定式一般不可与表示一段时间的状语一起用于现在完成时。瞬间动词的否定式可以与语一起用于现在完成时。瞬间动词的否定式可以与表示一段时间状语一起用于现在完成时。表示一段时间状语一起用于现在完成时。He has come here for two da
15、ys. He has been here for two days. He has not come here for two days. 翻译翻译:你的车好漂亮你的车好漂亮.买多久了买多久了?Your new car is very smart. How long have you had it? He has been a soldier for two years. He has joined the army for two years.4.The Present Perfect Continuous Tense1) Form构成： has/have been doing2) Usag
16、e用法：We use it to talk about actions that started in the past, have lasted up to now and will probably continue to happen.(过去发生过去发生,延续至今延续至今,还将继续还将继续) all day, the whole morning, for two weeks,3) 常与下列时间状语连用:Practice:All these years we _(设法设法) to get in touch with you.All along we _ (考虑考虑) coming to s
17、ee you.have been tryinghave been thinking ofShe is very tired. She_(工作工作) all morning.has been working3.3.现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实, ,结果或影响，平铺直结果或影响，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言叙，没有什么感情色彩可言 （a） I have been wanting to meet you for long. （b） I have long wanted t
18、o meet you. （a）句比（）句比（b）句更亲切，更有礼貌。）句更亲切，更有礼貌。2.2.现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性常不带重复性 . .Have you been meeting her lately？Have you met her lately？1.1.现在完成进行时强调动作延续现在完成进行时强调动作延续, ,现在完成时侧重最后结果现在完成时侧重最后结果 They have been widening the road. They have widened the road.区别现在完成时和现在完成进
19、行时区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时 他们加宽了道路他们加宽了道路他们一直在加宽道路他们一直在加宽道路2006高考试题链接高考试题链接1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more.A.hasnt lived B. didnt liveC. hadnt lived D. doesnt live2. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days.A. was keeping B. keepC. keeps D. were keeping3. I
20、have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage.A. will be repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. has been repaired 4. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.A.is going B. goC. goes D. are going5. -I dont suppose the
21、police know who did it.- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now.A. has been questionedB. is being questionedC. is questioningD. has questioned6. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.A.served B. is servingC. had served D.
22、has served7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking offC. has taken off D. took off8.I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour.A.has been working B. will have workedC. will have been working D. ha
23、d worked9.Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.A.are being uncoveredB. have been uncoveringC. are uncoveringD. have uncovered10. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matter.A. seeing throughB. working outC. loo
24、king intoD. watching overCheck the answers(Page9 A):(1)am(2)have been writing(3)am looking(4)is(5)have been imagining (6)is(7)is making(8)has been planning(9)have designed(10)are printing(11)are going(12)is(13)hope(14)opensWho is he?He is Zhao BenshanWhat does he do?He is a comedian.What is he doing
25、?He is performing. Make sentencesWhats this?Its the Great Wall in Beijing.Have you ever visited the Great wall?Yes, I have. I have visited it twice.No, I havent, but I have been looking forward to visiting it.Make sentencesDo you want to study in this university?Yes, we have been expecting to study
26、there for ages.Have you ever stood on this stage?No,but I have been looking forward to that day.Make sentencesCheck the answers(p9 B):I am performing at the Comedy Club tonight.I have been practising my jokes in front of the mirror for the last three hours.My family is coming to watch my show.I am nervous about the show.Homework 1. Review grammar and usage.2. Finish grammar-related exercises in workbook P102.
