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1、由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。定语从句定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass 先行词 定语从句the exam.主句:The students will not pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our 先行词 定语从句English teacher.主句
2、:The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语： you从句的宾语：whom由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语: which4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句从句的主语: 从句的宾语：The book is on the desk.youthat引导定语从句的关系代词常
3、见的有that, which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.主语I lost the book( that/which ) you gave me). 宾语由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。
4、that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in t
5、he school.which/thatwhich/that/ / /who/thatwhom/that/ / /that由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。1. That book that you want it is on the desk. 2. Is this factory that we visited last week?the oneThis factory is the one that we visited last week?3. He is the person for whom
6、 you are looking. for4. The person to whom you talked is Lily. The person whom you talked to is Lily.归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复 2定语从句要避免漏用先行词 3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。Join two sentences into one: The boy is my brother. He helped me.1. The boy who helped me i
7、s my brother. The film is interesting. They saw it last night. 2. The film they saw last night is interesting. The students will not pass the exam. They dont work hard.3.The students who dont work hard will not pass the exam.由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。Fill in the
8、blanks.1. I still remember the day _ we spent inthe forest.2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3. The factory _ we will visit is large.4. The factory _ his father works is large.5. Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm.6. This is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichw
9、hen/on whichthat/whichwherewhen/at whichwhere/in which归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。Fill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew d
10、own the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is not the same one _ it usedto be twenty years
11、 ago.thatthatthat/that/thatthatthat由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。以下情况只能用that1 先行词既有指人又有指物2 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,the very 等修饰时3 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代词4 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时5当先行词在定语从句中作表语时由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气
12、环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。Corrections:1. The man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher. who2. Who is the comrade you just shook hands with him. 3. Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.( where which) 4. This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.( which that) 5. The house where w
13、e live in is not very large.( where which/that) 6. The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up inthe earthquake. 由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will
14、never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _ most people had had supper.on whichduring whichin whichby which由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found t
15、he book _ I paid29 US dollars?2) Have you found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。2. “介词whom/which”与 “whom/whic
16、h/that/介词”的转换。1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is madeof wood.2) Is this the book which you are looking for?介词for不能与 look分开。3. way作先行词1) The way (in which/that) he looks at the problems is wrong.由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导
17、致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。4. 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of, 有时可用whose转换。1) There are 100 teachers in our school, _60 are women teachers.2) He has three children, two _ work asteachers.3) That table has four legs, all _ arevery short.4) Im painting a house, the roof _ isround.Im painting a house whose roof is.5)
18、They live in a house ,_ windows facesouth.They live in a house, the windows_ face south. of whomof whomof whichof whichwhoseof which由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。用介词关系代词填空1 The boy was staying in the room _window he could climb down.2. Hes the man _ I learnt the news
19、.3. Whos the comrade _ you just shookhands.4. There are 52 students in our class, _nearly 40 are League members.5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed.7. This is the way _ she studies English.through whosefr
20、om whomwith whomof whomof whomin whichin which由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。 8. The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend. 9. The story about Shakespeare, _ this is one example , is well written. 10. The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see a
21、nything. 11.The key_ she was opening the door broke. 12. The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school. 13. No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early. 14. At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built. for whichof whichwithoutwhichwith whichto whichfor whichover
22、 which由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。关系代词引导的定语从句：Complete the following sentences:1. Is this the school _ you visited last year?Is this school _ _ you visited last year?2. He is one of the students who _ good at maths.He is the only one of the students who _ goodat ma
23、ths.3. The girl _ I think was honest lied to me.The girl _ I think to be honest lied to me.4. China is no longer _ she was 10 years ago.China is no longer the country _ she was 10years ago.(that/which)the oneareiswhowhomwhatthat由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。5. The ra
24、dio I bought yesterday is quite different from_ _ you bought last month.The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from_ you bought last month.6. Do you still remember the hotel _ _ welived last summer holiday?Do you still remember the park _we visited last summer holiday?7. This is the room _
25、my grandmother used to lived in.This is the room _ _ my grandmother used to lived .the onewhatin which(that/which)(which/that)in which由于人类活动或者自然过程引起某些物质进入大气中，达到足够的浓度，滞留足够的时间，并因此导致大气环境质量下降影响人类生活的现象。8. He has two sons, and both of _ work as actors.He has two sons, both of _ work as actors.9.China has
26、hundreds of islands, _ _ Taiwanis the largest.China has hundreds of islands, the largest_ is Taiwan.10.This is the house _ _ the window wasbroken yesterday.This is the house _ window was broken yesterday.11.He is the teacher _ _ help we havemade great progress.themwhomof whichofwhichof whichwhosewith whose
