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1、1.英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和使语气和虚拟语气虚拟语气。2.2.定义：用来表示说的话定义：用来表示说的话不是事实不是事实，或或者是者是不可能发生不可能发生或可能性比较小可能性比较小的情的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义一、虚拟语气定义Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.If I If
2、 I am am free, I free, I willwill visit visit you.you. If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句虚拟条件句） (真实条件句真实条件句）Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery,
3、 I wouldEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）与现在事实相反）Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty
4、 Ltd.I would buy a villa.（与现在事实相反）（与现在事实相反）Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5
5、Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.If he (drive) more carefully, he (not have) the car accident yesterday.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）had driven would not have had Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.If I _ (l
6、earn ) how to swim,I _ (be) trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）had learntwould not have beenEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.假如他来了假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看见我假如他看见我
7、, 就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.（与将来事实相反）（与将来事实相反）Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去现在现在 将来将来Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.
8、5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight现在现在助动词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight将来将来did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldmightEvalua
9、tion only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1. If I were you, I _ buy the house right now.A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the
10、captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ call me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should B. should not have been able to C. were not able to D. is not able to BCAEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.二二. 名词性
11、从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order, command 三条建议：三条建议：advise, suggest, propose四项要求：四项要求：demand , require, request, ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + should + 动词动词原形，或者将原形，或者将shouldshou
12、ld省略。省略。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1.我们建议我们建议TomTom去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.We suggested that Tom2.He insisted that I present.4.They requested
13、 that we3.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) have a rest.(should) be(should) be killedthe next day.(should) send themto work there.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2、以上动词以上动词相应的名词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包构成的名词性从句（包括主语从
14、句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us
15、are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish + 宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V.
16、 I wish I were a bird. (现在现在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去过去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来未来)Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2）would rather that -现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：I would rather you _(pay) me no
17、w. (现在现在)I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (过去过去)Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时paid me had gonecameEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.3） as if /though + 从句从句现在：过去：将来：过去时过去完成时She
18、 loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.They talked as if they had been friends for years.would/could/might+v.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.4).Its （high） time +that -(should +V.)过去时你该走
19、了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .Its time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould goEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.5）If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If onl
20、y we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose
21、Pty Ltd.6）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ that - 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.Evaluation only.Created with As
22、pose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1. The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rainedB精选习题精选习题2. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt getB. had drivenwouldnt have gotC. drovewoul
23、dnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get BEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. if Bob had walked farther D. if B
24、ob walked farther4. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海上海) A. hasB. had C. will haveD. had hadCBEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it lo
25、oks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenCEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 6. - Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt
26、 7. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentBDEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1.I am afraid I am busy tonight, so I would rather you ( ) (不来不来) .2.Mikes father ,as well as his
27、 mother insisted that he ( ) (该呆在家里该呆在家里).3.You ( ) (本不该出去本不该出去) last night without an overcoat. No wonder you caught a cold.4.I am worried about the monitor, she ( ) (应该到这里应该到这里)an hour ago.5.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ( ) (绕着地球转绕着地球转).6.How I wish I (
28、 ) (保存保存)the file I was working on.7.If we had been more careful, the accident ( ) (不可能发生不可能发生).8.If everyone in the country knew first aid, many lives ( ) (被救被救). 9.As is known to all, it is high time that we ( ) (采取措施采取措施) to stop pollution. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
