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1、一、概述一、概述一、概述一、概述 在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫这种现象叫这种现象叫这种现象叫省略省略省略省略。如：。如：。如：。如：知识详解知识详解 Beg you pardon.Beg you pardon. Sounds like a good idea.Sounds like a good idea. （ I I ）Beg you pardon.Beg you pardon. ( It )( It ) Sounds like a g
2、ood idea.Sounds like a good idea. .知识详解知识详解二、分类详解二、分类详解二、分类详解二、分类详解（一）简单句中的省略（一）简单句中的省略（一）简单句中的省略（一）简单句中的省略1 1 1 1、 省略主语省略主语省略主语省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。略主语多限于少数现成的说法。略主语多限于少数现成的说法。略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：如：如：如： Thank you for your help. ( ( I ) I ) Thank you
3、 for your help.简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略 Doesnt matter. ( ( It )It ) doesnt matter.知识详解知识详解2 2 2 2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：如：如：如： (There is)(There is) No smoking .No smoking . （省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语） （Will you)Will you) Have a smoke Have a smoke ? ? What
4、/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ? Why (do you) not say hello to him ?简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略知识详解知识详解3 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留toto，但如果该，但如果该，但如果该，但如果该宾语是动词宾语是动词宾语是动词宾语是动词bebe或或或或完成时态完成时态完成时态完成时态，则须在之后加上，则须在之后加上，则须在之后加上，则须在之后加上bebe或或或或havehave 。如：如
5、：如：如： Are you going there? Are you going there? Yes, Id like Yes, Id like to .to .简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略 He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to . Are you an engineer? Are you an engineer? No, but I want No, but I want to to . . He hasnt finished the task yet. He hasnt finished
6、the task yet. Well, he ought Well, he ought to to . .(go there).(go there).(give me the chance).(give me the chance).bebehavehave知识详解知识详解4 4 4 4、省略表语。、省略表语。、省略表语。、省略表语。如：如：如：如： Are you thirsty? Are you thirsty? Yes, I am .Yes, I am .简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略 His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sist
7、er .(thirsty).(thirsty).(lazy).(lazy).5 5 5 5、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分 。如：如：如：如： Lets meet at the same place as Lets meet at the same place as yesterday.yesterday.(we met)(we met)同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语知识详解知识详解 Have you finished your work ? Have you finished your work ? Not yet.N
8、ot yet.简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略I have I have notnot finished my homework finished my homework yetyet. .I have I have notnot finished my homework finished my homework yetyet. .I have I have notnot finished my homework finished my homework yetyet. .（二）复合句中的省略（二）复合句中的省略（二）复合句中的省略（二）复合句中的省略知识详解知识详解1
9、 1 1 1、主句中有一些成分被省略，、主句中有一些成分被省略，、主句中有一些成分被省略，、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：如：如：如： Sorry to hear you are Sorry to hear you are ill.ill.主从复合句中主从复合句中的省略的省略的省略的省略 Pity that he missed such a good chance. Pity that he missed such a good chance. She must be busy now? -If She must be busy now? -If soso, she cant go , she
10、cant go with us.with us. Do you think he will attend the Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess meeting? -I guess notnot. .( Im ( Im ) ) ( Its a )( Its a )=he is busy=he is busy=he wont attend the meeting=he wont attend the meeting知识详解知识详解 Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? Are you
11、leaving for Beijing this Sunday? I think so.I think so.主从复合句中主从复合句中的省略的省略的省略的省略sosoIm leaving for Beijing this Im leaving for Beijing this Sunday.Sunday. Tom must be free today. Tom must be free today. If so. He can help us.If so. He can help us.sosohe is free.he is free.2 2 2 2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用、主句中有一
12、些成分被省略、而用、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用sosososo或或或或notnotnotnot来代替，来代替，来代替，来代替，如：如：如：如： 知识详解知识详解 It is going to rain, isnt it? It is going to rain, isnt it? I hope not.I hope not.主从复合句中的省略主从复合句中的省略notnotit is not going to rain.it is not going to rain.这种用法常见的有：这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I h
13、ope so. He said so.及及I suppose/believe/hope not. Why not?等等。等等。知识详解知识详解 My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law (is) a lawyer.(is) a lawyer.并列中并列中的省略的省略的省略的省略（省略相同的谓语动词）（省略相同的谓语动词）（省略相同的谓语动词）（省略相同的谓语动词）1 1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的
14、部分。相同的部分。 如：如： When summer comes, the day is getting longer When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.shorter.(is getting)(is getting)(is(is) )省略相同的谓语动词省略相同的谓语动词省略相同的谓语动词省略相同的谓语动词（三）并列句中的
15、省略（三）并列句中的省略（三）并列句中的省略（三）并列句中的省略知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略 We all know (that) the earth runs around the We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun.sun.(that)(that)（四）其它形式的省略（四）其它形式的省略（四）其它形式的省略（四）其它形式的省略1 1、连词的、连词的thatthat省略省略(1)(1)宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词thatthatthatthat，但当有两个
16、并列的，但当有两个并列的，但当有两个并列的，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个宾语从句时，第二个宾语从句时，第二个宾语从句时，第二个thatthatthatthat则不能省略。则不能省略。则不能省略。则不能省略。 Mary said (that) she is from American and Mary said (that) she is from American and thatthat she is 16 years old. she is 16 years old.(that)(that)知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略（2 2 2 2） 在定语从句中，在定语从
17、句中，在定语从句中，在定语从句中，that, which, whothat, which, whothat, which, whothat, which, who在从句在从句在从句在从句中作宾语时可省略。中作宾语时可省略。中作宾语时可省略。中作宾语时可省略。 I havent read the book (that/ which) youre I havent read the book (that/ which) youre reading.reading.(that/ which)(that/ which) The man (that/ who) your father just talk
18、ed to The man (that/ who) your father just talked to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.(that/ who)(that/ who)2 2 2 2、在以、在以、在以、在以when, while, oncewhen, while, oncewhen, while, oncewhen, while, once引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从句及以句及以句及以句及以if, unlessif, unlessif, un
19、lessif, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有且从句中含有且从句中含有且从句中含有bebebebe动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去“主语主语主语主语+be+be+be+be”部分。部分。部分。部分。2 2 2 2、在以、在以、在以、在以when, while, oncewhen, while, onc
20、ewhen, while, oncewhen, while, once引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从句及以句及以句及以句及以if, unlessif, unlessif, unlessif, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有且从句中含有且从句中含有且从句中含有bebebebe动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去动
21、词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去“主语主语主语主语+be+be+be+be”部分。部分。部分。部分。2 2 2 2、在以、在以、在以、在以when, while, oncewhen, while, oncewhen, while, oncewhen, while, once引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从句及以句及以句及以句及以if, unlessif, unlessif, unlessif, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与
22、主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有且从句中含有且从句中含有且从句中含有bebebebe动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去“主语主语主语主语+be+be+be+be”部分。部分。部分。部分。 When asked what he had done, John When asked what he had done, John just kept silent.just kept silent.知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略 When he was
23、asked what he had done, John When he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent.just kept silent. he he If If hehe is free, Jack will go with us. is free, Jack will go with us. he was he was If free, Jack will go with us.If free, Jack will go with us. he is he is Unless invited, he wont come.
24、Unless invited, he wont come.知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略 Unless he is invited, he wont come.Unless he is invited, he wont come. he he While he is doing house work, my While he is doing house work, my father often listens to music. father often listens to music. he is he is While doing house work, my
25、While doing house work, my father often listens to music.father often listens to music. he is he is he he知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略3 3 3 3、不定式符号、不定式符号、不定式符号、不定式符号totototo的省略的省略的省略的省略 My father often asks me to go to the market My father often asks me to go to the market and to buy some vegetables.an
26、d to buy some vegetables.(to(to) )（1 1 1 1）并列的不定式可省去后面的）并列的不定式可省去后面的）并列的不定式可省去后面的）并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.to.to.to.（2 2 2 2）介词）介词）介词）介词butbutbutbut前若有动词前若有动词前若有动词前若有动词dodododo（did, does, done)did, does, done)did, does, done)did, does, done)，后面的不定式不带，后面的不定式不带，后面的不定式不带，后面的不定式不带 totototo，否则要带，否则要带，否则要带，否则要带to.
27、to.to.to. He had no choice but to wait. He had no choice but to wait. to to He had nothing to do but wait. He had nothing to do but wait.waitwait前若有前若有前若有前若有dodo后则后则后则后则无无无无toto，前若无，前若无，前若无，前若无dodo，后必带，后必带，后必带，后必带toto知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略 Id like to help (to) do it for you. Id like to help (to)
28、 do it for you.(to(to) )（3 3 3 3） help help help help 作作作作“帮助帮助帮助帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号不定式符号不定式符号不定式符号totototo可带可不带。可带可不带。可带可不带。可带可不带。（4 4 4 4） find find find find 作作作作“发现发现发现发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的讲时，后面作宾语补足语的讲时，后面作宾语补足语的讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号不定式符号不定式符号不定式符号totototo可带可不带。可带可不带。
29、可带可不带。可带可不带。 The parents found their son to study very hard. The parents found their son to study very hard. (to) (to) We found he to be very humorous. We found he to be very humorous.to beto be He is kind enough to help me to do some work. He is kind enough to help me to do some work.(to(to) )但如果是不
30、定式但如果是不定式但如果是不定式但如果是不定式 to beto beto beto be，则不能省略。，则不能省略。，则不能省略。，则不能省略。但如果是不定式但如果是不定式但如果是不定式但如果是不定式 to beto beto beto be，则不能省略。，则不能省略。，则不能省略。，则不能省略。但如果是不定式但如果是不定式但如果是不定式但如果是不定式 to beto beto beto be，则不能省略。，则不能省略。，则不能省略。，则不能省略。知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略（5 5 5 5）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足
31、语的）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去不定式一定要省去不定式一定要省去不定式一定要省去 to, to, to, to, 但在被动语态中须将但在被动语态中须将但在被动语态中须将但在被动语态中须将to to to to 复原。复原。复原。复原。 I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by.I passed by. A man was noticed to enter the cl
32、assroom. A man was noticed to enter the classroom.toto X X X X 这类使役这类使役这类使役这类使役动词及感官动词及感官动词及感官动词及感官动词主要有动词主要有动词主要有动词主要有 这类使役这类使役这类使役这类使役动词及感官动词及感官动词及感官动词及感官动词主要有动词主要有动词主要有动词主要有一一一一“ “感感感感” ”: :二二二二“ “听听听听” ”: :三三三三“ “让让让让” ”: :四四四四“ “看看看看” ”: :feelfeelhearhearlisten tolisten tohavehavemakemakeletlet
33、watchwatchnoticenotice observeobserveseesee知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略 What he can do is to keep silent. What he can do is to keep silent.(to(to) )（6 6 6 6）主语从句中有动词）主语从句中有动词）主语从句中有动词）主语从句中有动词do,do,do,do,后面作表语的不定式的后面作表语的不定式的后面作表语的不定式的后面作表语的不定式的 totototo可带可不带。可带可不带。可带可不带。可带可不带。4 4 4 4、在以、在以、在以、在以ififif
34、if引导的非真实条件句中若含有引导的非真实条件句中若含有引导的非真实条件句中若含有引导的非真实条件句中若含有were, had, were, had, were, had, were, had, shouldshouldshouldshould时，常可以省略时，常可以省略时，常可以省略时，常可以省略ifififif而将而将而将而将were, had, were, had, were, had, were, had, shouldshouldshouldshould置于句。置于句。置于句。置于句。 Were I you, Id give the AIDS patient a hug. Were
35、I you, Id give the AIDS patient a hug. Were Were Had I a lot of money, Id aid the poor children. Had I a lot of money, Id aid the poor children.HadHad Should there be bird-flu, what would we do? Should there be bird-flu, what would we do?ShouldShould知识详解知识详解其它形式的其它形式的省略省略省略省略 He suggest we should se
36、t out right away. He suggest we should set out right away.(should)(should)5 5 5 5、在含有表示在含有表示在含有表示在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可命令、要求、建议、许可命令、要求、建议、许可命令、要求、建议、许可”或或或或“禁禁禁禁止止止止”等意义的名词性从句中使用等意义的名词性从句中使用等意义的名词性从句中使用等意义的名词性从句中使用“should + should + should + should + 动词动词动词动词原形原形原形原形”表示虚拟语气的，表示虚拟语气的，表示虚拟语气的，表示虚拟语气的，shou
37、ldshouldshouldshould常可以省略常可以省略常可以省略常可以省略。如：如：如：如： His suggestion is that we should set out His suggestion is that we should set out right away.right away.(should)(should) The order that we should stay where we The order that we should stay where we are is very serious and severe.are is very serious
38、and severe.(should)(should) Its very important that students should Its very important that students should study hard at school.study hard at school.(should)(should)高考真题高考真题1. 1. Would you like some more tea? Would you like some more tea? _, _, please.please.（NMET2005NMET2005，全国卷，全国卷，全国卷，全国卷IIII，12
39、12）A. No moreA. No moreB. Just a littleB. Just a littleC. IC. Ive ve had enoughhad enoughD. Yes, I wouldD. Yes, I would2. 2. It Itll ll take at least 2 hours to do this! take at least 2 hours to do this! Oh, _! I could do it in 30 minutes. Oh, _! I could do it in 30 minutes. (NMET2005 (NMET2005，上海，上
40、海，上海，上海 39)39)A. come onA. come onB. pardon meB. pardon meC. your are rightC. your are rightD. dont mention itD. dont mention it高考真题高考真题3. 3. How about putting some pictures into the report? How about putting some pictures into the report? _ _ A picture is worth a thousand words. A picture is worth
41、a thousand words. （NMET2005NMET2005，江苏，江苏，江苏，江苏，2424）A. No way.A. No way.B. Why not?B. Why not?C. All right?C. All right?D. No matter.D. No matter.4. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or 4. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (NMET2005“Its kind of you.” (NMET2005，福建
42、，福建，福建，福建，3333) )A. offeringA. offeringB. to offerB. to offerC. to be offeredC. to be offeredD. offeredD. offered高考真题高考真题5. 5. Why Why didndidnt you buy the camera you had longed for?t you buy the camera you had longed for? I planed to, but I was I planed to, but I was 50 _. 50 _. （NMET2005NMET2005，
43、福建，福建，福建，福建，3434）A. fewerA. fewerB. lessB. lessC. cheapC. cheapD. shortD. short6. 6. Would you mind my coming over and having a look Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden? My little sons curious about those at your new garden? My little sons curious about those roses you
44、 grow.” roses you grow.” _. Youre welcome. _. Youre welcome. (NMET2005(NMET2005，湖北，湖北，湖北，湖北，2525) )A. Yes, I do A. Yes, I do B. Never mindB. Never mindC. Yes, pleaseC. Yes, pleaseD. Not at allD. Not at all高考真题高考真题7. Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this 7. Tom: Mike, our team will p
45、lay against the Rockets this weekend. Im sure we will win. weekend. Im sure we will win. Mike: _! Mike: _! （NMET2005NMET2005，广东，广东，广东，广东，2121）A. CongratulationsA. CongratulationsB. CheersB. CheersC. Best wishesC. Best wishesD. Good luckD. Good luck8. Tara: This is Tara Patel from cotton House in 8.
46、Tara: This is Tara Patel from cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please?Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please? Smith: _ Smith: _ (NMET2005(NMET2005，广东，广东，广东，广东，2222）A. Hello!A. Hello! B. Im Mr. Smith.B. Im Mr. Smith.C. Who are you?C. Who are you?D. SpeakingD. Spea
47、king高考真题高考真题9. 9. My family usually goes skating for vacation. I like My family usually goes skating for vacation. I like skating, but I want to try something different this year.skating, but I want to try something different this year. _ _ （NMET2005NMET2005，重庆重庆重庆重庆，2222）A.Lets go.A.Lets go.B. Chee
48、r up.B. Cheer up.C. Like whatC. Like what? ?D. Take care.D. Take care.10. 10. Have you been to New Zealand? Have you been to New Zealand? No, Id like to, _. No, Id like to, _. (NMET2005(NMET2005，山东，山东，山东，山东，2121）A. tooA. too B. thoughB. thoughC. yetC. yetD. eitherD. either高考真题高考真题11. 11. Could you d
49、o me a favor and take these books to my Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office?office? Yes, _ Yes, _ （NMET2005NMET2005，山东山东山东山东，2222）A. for pleasureA. for pleasureB. I couldB. I couldC. my pleasureC. my pleasureD. with pleasureD. with pleasure12 . 12 . Lets go to a movie after wor
50、k, OK? Lets go to a movie after work, OK? _ (NMET2005(NMET2005，山东，山东，山东，山东，3333）A. Not at all.A. Not at all. B. Why not?B. Why not?C. Never mind.C. Never mind.D. What of it?D. What of it?跟踪练习跟踪练习1. 1. Could Could you you please please spare spare me me some some time? time? Ive Ive something to talk
51、 with you.something to talk with you. Not now, _ time, perhaps. Not now, _ time, perhaps. A. any otherA. any other B. someB. some C. otherC. other D. some other D. some other2. 2. The The students students have have all all made made up up their their minds minds to to gain a high mark _ difficultie
52、s.gain a high mark _ difficulties. A. howeverA. however B. whatever B. whatever C. whenever C. whenever D. whicheverD. whicheverD. some otherD. some otherB. whateverB. whatever跟踪练习跟踪练习3. 3. I feel tired, Dad.I feel tired, Dad. Tired? _? Tired? _? A. For whatA. For what B. For which B. For which C. F
53、rom whichC. From which D. Of what D. Of what4. 4. Why not join us in the game? Why not join us in the game? _. _. A.No, you do the sameA.No, you do the same B. Oh, thats all right B. Oh, thats all right C. Ok, comingC. Ok, comingD. Sure, please doD. Sure, please doD. Of whatD. Of whatC. Ok, comingC.
54、 Ok, coming跟踪练习跟踪练习5. 5. The The boy boy wanted wanted him him to to ride ride his his bicycle bicycle in in the the street street but his mother told him _.but his mother told him _. A. not to A. not to B. not to do B. not to do C. not do it C. not do it D. do not to D. do not to6. 6. Would you lik
55、e some wine? Would you like some wine? Yes, _. Yes, _. A. little A. little B. very little B. very little C. a littleC. a littleD. little bitD. little bitA. not toA. not to C. a little C. a little跟踪练习跟踪练习7. 7. How long has this book shop been in business?How long has this book shop been in business?
56、_ 1982. _ 1982. A. After A. After B. In B. In C. From C. From D. Since D. Since8. 8. You You are are standing standing too too near near the the camera. camera. Can Can you you move _. move _. A. a bit farA. a bit farB. a little farther B. a little farther C. a bit of fartherC. a bit of fartherD. a little farD. a little farD. SinceD. Since B. a little farther B. a little farther公园省贵州公园省贵州（遵义茅台）（遵义茅台）
