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1、学前英语综合教程学前英语综合教程第一册第一册Learning ObjectsPhoneticsListening and SpeakingReadingGrammarFun TimeUnit 4 PlantsUnit 4Learning ObjectsAfter studying this unit, the students are expected to 1)master the pronunciation of the phonemes of /B:/ /C/ /R:/ /s/ /z/；2) master the useful sentence structure “in order/s
2、o as to”；3) master the usage of the Simple Past Tense;4) know more flower meanings and have some interest in plants.Unit 4PhoneticsPhonemes后元音后元音/B:/ /R:/ /C/ 舌齿摩擦辅音舌齿摩擦辅音 /s/ /z/Unit 4PhoneticsPronunciation tips/B:/ 后元音，属长元音，字母组合后元音，属长元音，字母组合ar在单词中的读音，也是字母在单词中的读音，也是字母 a在在ss，st，th等字母前面的读音。等字母前面的读音。
3、/R:/ 后元音，属长元音，字母后元音，属长元音，字母o或字母组合或字母组合or，al，oar，our， oor 在单词中的发音。在单词中的发音。/C/ 后元音，属短元音，字母后元音，属短元音，字母o 在重读闭音节单词中的读音，也在重读闭音节单词中的读音，也 是字母是字母a 在在/w/音后面的读音。音后面的读音。 嘴巴张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖嘴巴张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖 不抵下齿，双唇稍收圆，把音发足。不抵下齿，双唇稍收圆，把音发足。发音要领：发音要领： 舌后部抬得比舌后部抬得比 /C/高，双唇收得更圆更小，并向高，双唇收得更圆更小，并向 前突出。前突出。发音要领：
4、发音要领： 嘴巴张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆，嘴巴张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆，音短而轻快。音短而轻快。发音要领：发音要领：Unit 4PhoneticsPronunciation tips/s/ 舌齿摩擦音，属清辅音。舌齿摩擦音，属清辅音。 /z/ 舌齿摩擦音，属浊辅音。舌齿摩擦音，属浊辅音。 舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。发音时声带不振动。形成摩擦音。发音时声带不振动。发音要领：发音要领： 舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。发音时声带振动。形成摩擦音。发音时声带振动。
5、发音要领：发音要领：Unit 4PhoneticsActivities1. Read the following words./B:/ glass fast arm father /R:/ horse yawn ought door/C/ on was cough watch /s/ seat swim pass house/z/ zoo zip his buzzUnit 4PhoneticsPractise more/B:/ party castle market large /R:/ talk almost story water/C/ coffee body orange doctor/
6、s/ soft sour dust rice /z/ zeal zero raise gazeUnit 4PhoneticsActivities2. Read the following sentences.1) Class begins.2) Come on, Tom.3) Ill teach you sentence by sentence.4) Softer, please.5) What can you see in the zoo?Unit 4Phonetics1) Lets begin our class.2) Walk fast.3) Right or wrong?4) That
7、s all for today.5) Take roll./ Roll call.Practise moreUnit 4Phonetics3. Read the following chants. /B:/One smart fellow, he felt smart.Two smart fellows, they felt smart.Three smart fellows, they all felt smart./R:/I stand on tip toeTo make myself tall.I bend my kneesTo make myself small.But now I l
8、ike my sit-down size best of all.ActivitiesUnit 4Phonetics/C/Hop on your right foot, hop, hop, hop.Hop on your left foot, hop, hop, hop.Right foot hop, left foot hop.Both feet hop and now you stop.Unit 4Phonetics/R:/Good morning to all who walk,Good morning to all who crawl,Good morning to all who s
9、oar,Or swim, good morning I call,To broad and to small, to short and to tall,Good morning, good morning to all./C/Froggy-boggy sat on a rock,Froggy-boggy had a great shock.Froggy-boggy fell off the top,Into the pond, he fell with a plop.Practise moreUnit 4Phonetics/s/ /z/Winter is cold, (Br br)The w
10、ind blows.(Woo woo)It blows on my face, (Oo oo)It blows on my nose. (Ah choo )Unit 4Listening and Speaking1. Listen to the dialogue three times and fill in the blanks.Activity 1 Listen and talkA：Look, the flowers are really !B：Yes, just look at those gorgeous there. Lets go over and have a at them，s
11、hall we?A：OK. , do you know much about how to ?B：Not much. It takes plenty of time to them.A：Of course. Youve got to them and make sure that they have enough .B：Thats too complicated. But the satisfaction out of the labor is incomparable.A： .colorfultulipscloser lookBy the waygrow flowerstake care o
12、fwatersunlightYou said it_Unit 4A：看，这些花真是五颜六色！看，这些花真是五颜六色！B：是啊，你看那里的郁金香开得多灿烂。我们走近点瞧瞧吧。是啊，你看那里的郁金香开得多灿烂。我们走近点瞧瞧吧。A：好的。说到这，你对种花了解多少？好的。说到这，你对种花了解多少？B：不太多。照顾花草需要大量时间。不太多。照顾花草需要大量时间。A：当然，你得给花浇水，并确保它们得到充足的阳光。当然，你得给花浇水，并确保它们得到充足的阳光。B：太复杂了。可是，由劳动而得到的满足感是难以比拟的。太复杂了。可是，由劳动而得到的满足感是难以比拟的。A：你说的很对。你说的很对。Chinese
13、versionListening and SpeakingUnit 4Language focus 1) by the way 口口用于转换或提起话题，表示用于转换或提起话题，表示“对了，顺便对了，顺便问问 一句一句”等含义。等含义。 e.g. By the way, what time is it? By the way, I have something to tell you. Oh, by the way, have you heard from Bill lately? What is the fee, by the way? Listening and Speaking 顺便问一句
14、顺便问一句, 现在几点了？现在几点了？ 对了，我有些事要告诉你。对了，我有些事要告诉你。 哦，顺便问一下，你最近收到比尔的来信了吗？哦，顺便问一下，你最近收到比尔的来信了吗？ 对了，收费是多少？对了，收费是多少？Unit 42) take care of 照顾；对付，处理照顾；对付，处理 e.g. Please take care of yourself. The babies are taken good care of at the day care center. Ill take care of this matter. He has taken care of the enemy.L
15、anguage focus Listening and Speaking 婴儿在日托中心受到很好的照顾。婴儿在日托中心受到很好的照顾。 我来办这件事。我来办这件事。 他杀掉了那个敌人。他杀掉了那个敌人。请多保重。请多保重。Unit 4Language focus Listening and Speaking3) You said it. 口口 用于表达赞同，表示用于表达赞同，表示“你说的没错你说的没错”。 其他口语表达法：其他口语表达法： You are right. 是的。是的。 I cant agree more. 我完全同意。我完全同意。 You bet. 没错。没错。 Thats tr
16、ue. 正是如此。正是如此。 Thats what I say. 我也是这么说。我也是这么说。 You can say that again. 你说的一点儿没错。你说的一点儿没错。Unit 42. Make a similar dialogue according to the situation and the functional sentences below. Note：The teacher may firstly explain the functional sentences，then arrange Ss into pairs for practice.Situation： A
17、 is showing B around his/her garden. B is asking about the names of plants and whether it is difficult to grow the plants. A thinks it takes great time and efforts to take care of them. Both of them think it is worthy of labor.Activity 1 Listen and talkListening and SpeakingUnit 4Functional sentence
18、s：Let me show you around my garden. 我带你参观我的花园吧。我带你参观我的花园吧。Really? Thank you! 真的吗，谢谢！真的吗，谢谢！They are (lilies/ tulips/ daisies.) 那些花是那些花是( 百合百合/郁金香郁金香/雏菊雏菊)。It takes a lot of time and efforts to take care of the plants. 照顾这些植物需要大量时间和精力。照顾这些植物需要大量时间和精力。Your garden looks perfect. 你的花园太美啦！你的花园太美啦！What ar
19、e the (white/ red/ yellow. ) flowers over there? 那边那些那边那些( 白色白色/ 红色红色/黄色黄色) 花是什么？花是什么？Is it difficult to grow plants? 种植物难吗？种植物难吗？It is worthy of labor. 辛苦也是值得的。辛苦也是值得的。Listening and SpeakingUnit 4 Reference answer A：Mike, let me show you around my garden. Come this way.B：OK. Wow! Your garden looks
20、perfect!A：Really? Thank you!B：Yes, the flowers are really colorful. What are the white flowers over there?A：They are lilies.B：By the way, is it difficult to grow plants?A：Sure, it takes a lot of time and efforts to take care of the plants.B：But you have done a good job. After all it is worthy of lab
21、or.Listening and SpeakingUnit 4Activity 2 Listening comprehension 1. Useful words and expressionsmerry /5merI/ a.高兴的高兴的notion /5nEUFEn/ n.念头念头queer /kwIE/ a.古怪的古怪的steal along偷偷前进偷偷前进clamber /5klAmbE/ v.（吃力地）攀登（吃力地）攀登Listening and SpeakingUnit 42. Listen to the poem three times and supply the missing
22、 words.Listening and SpeakingTwo Little RosesJulia P. BallardOne merry ,Two roses were at play;All at once they took a ,They would like to run away!Queer little roses,Funny little roses,To like to run away!They my fence;They clambered up my wall;They climbed into ,To !Queer little roses,Funny little
23、 roses,To make a morning call!summer daynotionstole alongmy windowmake a morning call_Unit 4两朵小玫瑰花两朵小玫瑰花茱莉亚茱莉亚 巴拉德巴拉德 大意：愉快的夏日，两朵小玫瑰花在玩耍，忽然冒出大意：愉快的夏日，两朵小玫瑰花在玩耍，忽然冒出逃走的念头。古灵精怪的小玫瑰花，悄悄地穿过围栏，攀逃走的念头。古灵精怪的小玫瑰花，悄悄地穿过围栏，攀上墙壁，爬进窗台，来向上墙壁，爬进窗台，来向“我我”问候早安。问候早安。Chinese versionListening and SpeakingUnit 41. Matc
24、h the pictures with the expressions.Activity 3 Look and say Listening and SpeakingBDF_Unit 4A. Italy B. China C. EgyptD. Netherlands E. Japan F. BritainListening and SpeakingCAE_Unit 42. Look at the pictures and discuss the questions below.1) Do you like flowers? Which flower do you like best?Forget
25、-me-not is my favorite flower because it is the symbol of true love.Listening and SpeakingUnit 42) Please tell the meanings of these flowers.Peony：riches and honorTulip：perfect loverRed rose：beauty, perfection, “I love you.”Lotus：purenessDaisy：gentleness, innocence, loyal loveCherry Blossom：innocenc
26、e, spring, simplicityListening and SpeakingUnit 43) Can you list out more flowers and their meanings?Babys Breath：innocenceDaffodil：rebirth, new beginnings, unrequited love, “Youre the only one.”Forget-me-not：true lovePink Carnation：emblem of Mothers Day, “I will never forget you.”Plum Blossom：beaut
27、y and longevityRed Tulip：believe me, declaration of loveSunflower：homage and devotionVariegated Tulip：beautiful eyesWhite lily：majesty and purityListening and SpeakingUnit 4Text AText AActivitiesText BText BActivitiesReadingUnit 4ReadingText A1. Have you ever met lucky things?Pre-reading questionsYe
28、s, I have. / No, I havent.WordsPhrasesUnit 42. What do you think of “luck”?To be able to do or get something especially when you did not expect to.ReadingText AWordsPhrasesUnit 4The Lucky Seed Kim Ashmore （ Para. 1) A long time ago, a farmer took1 a big bag of seeds to sell at the market. Suddenly,
29、hiscarts wheel hit2 a big stone. Bump! One of the seeds fell out of the bag and onto the hot, dry ground.ReadingText AWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文： 很久以前，一天，一个农民拉了一大袋种子去集很久以前，一天，一个农民拉了一大袋种子去集市上卖。忽然，他的车轱辘轧到了一块大石头上。市上卖。忽然，他的车轱辘轧到了一块大石头上。“砰砰!”这时一粒种子从口袋里掉了出来，掉到了又热又这时一粒种子从口袋里掉了出来，掉到了又热又干的土地上。干的土地上。ReadingText
30、AUnit 4ReadingText A1.took 为动词为动词take的过去时，此处的过去时，此处 “take” 意意为为 “拿拿, 取取, 抓抓”。 e.g. Take the car to the garage to be repaired. 把汽车送到修理厂去修理一下。把汽车送到修理厂去修理一下。Unit 42. hit 击中；命中击中；命中 e.g. The bullet hit the mark. The car hit the tree. ReadingText A小汽车撞上了树。小汽车撞上了树。这颗子弹击中了目标。这颗子弹击中了目标。Unit 4 （ Para. 2)“Im
31、scared,” said the seed. “I need1 to be safe under the soil.” Just then a buffalo walked on the seed, and pushed it into the ground. “Im thirsty,” said the seed. “I need some water to help2 me grow3.” Just then it started to rain.ReadingText AWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文： “我很害怕，我很害怕，”种子说，种子说，“我需要在土壤下得到安我需
32、要在土壤下得到安全。全。”就在这时，水牛走在种子上，把它推到了地下。就在这时，水牛走在种子上，把它推到了地下。“我渴了，我渴了，”种子说，种子说，“我需要一些水，以帮助我成长。我需要一些水，以帮助我成长。”就在这时开始下雨了。就在这时开始下雨了。ReadingText AUnit 41. (S-Note 1)1) need用作用作实义动词实义动词 意为意为“需要需要”、“有必要有必要”等，可用于否定句、疑问句或肯等，可用于否定句、疑问句或肯 定句，可以有词形变化，其后可跟名词、代词、不定式。通定句，可以有词形变化，其后可跟名词、代词、不定式。通常用法是：常用法是： 人 needto do /
33、物物 need doing / 物物 need to be done e.g. These shoes need to be repaired. We need to tell him the truth ReadingText A这些鞋需要修理。这些鞋需要修理。我们需要告诉他真相。我们需要告诉他真相。Unit 4 The flowers need watering Her room needs cleaning2) need用作用作情态动词情态动词 意为意为“有必要有必要”或或“需要需要”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否否定句或疑问句以及定句或疑问句以及if或或wh
34、ether之后，一般不用于肯定句：之后，一般不用于肯定句： e.g. You neednt tell him. Need I do it at once ？ ReadingText A这些花需要浇水。这些花需要浇水。她的房间需要打扫。她的房间需要打扫。你不必告诉他。你不必告诉他。我有必要马上就做吗？我有必要马上就做吗？Unit 4ReadingText A 由于用作情态动词的由于用作情态动词的need通常不用于肯定句，所以对于通常不用于肯定句，所以对于以以need开头的疑问句的否定回答可用开头的疑问句的否定回答可用neednt，但是肯定回但是肯定回答却不能用答却不能用 Yes, you nee
35、d之类的，应根据具体情况改用其之类的，应根据具体情况改用其他表达：他表达： e.g. “Need he stay here ？”“Yes, he must.” 若要谈论过去情况，应在其后接动词完成式：若要谈论过去情况，应在其后接动词完成式： e.g. You neednt have come so early. “他有必要留在这儿吗？他有必要留在这儿吗？”“是的，他必须留在儿。是的，他必须留在儿。” 你本来不必来那么早的。你本来不必来那么早的。Unit 42. (S-Note 2) help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 在动词在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语
36、的不定式可以不带后用作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以不带to： e.g. Can you help me (to) learn English ？ I cant help you (to) lift this stone. help sb. with sth. 帮助帮助某人做某事某人做某事 e.g. Please help me with my French. Can you help him with this work ？ ReadingText A 你能帮助我学英语吗？你能帮助我学英语吗？我不能帮你搬这块石头。我不能帮你搬这块石头。请帮我学法语。请帮我学法语。你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？你能
37、帮助他完成这项工作吗？Unit 4注意注意1) 当当help后接一个较长的名词词组作宾语或当其中的不定后接一个较长的名词词组作宾语或当其中的不定 式所表示的动作主语不直接参加时，不定式通常带式所表示的动作主语不直接参加时，不定式通常带to。 e.g. Help the little boys at the back of the hall to carry the chairs out. These tablets will help you to sleep. 2) 在当在当help用于被动语态时，不定式前的用于被动语态时，不定式前的to不能省略。不能省略。 e.g. The boy was
38、 helped by a woman to collect his scattered coins. ReadingText A请帮大厅后面那些小男孩把椅子搬出去。请帮大厅后面那些小男孩把椅子搬出去。这些药片将对你的睡眠有帮助。这些药片将对你的睡眠有帮助。那男孩在一个妇女的帮助下捡拾散乱一地的钱币。那男孩在一个妇女的帮助下捡拾散乱一地的钱币。Unit 43. to help me grow动词不定式在句中作状语。不定式作状语动词不定式在句中作状语。不定式作状语时，往往是接在不及物动词的后面，修饰谓语动词；表示谓语时，往往是接在不及物动词的后面，修饰谓语动词；表示谓语动作发生的目的、结果、原因和
39、程度等。动作发生的目的、结果、原因和程度等。1) 不定式作不定式作目的状语目的状语 e.g.They ran over to welcome the delegates. We must do everything we can to help them. She came to see me yesterday. He has been to New Zealand to have his further study. ReadingText A他们跑过去欢迎代表们。他们跑过去欢迎代表们。我我们们要要尽一切力量帮助他尽一切力量帮助他们。们。她昨天来看我了。她昨天来看我了。他曾去新西兰深造过。
40、他曾去新西兰深造过。Unit 4 在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。 e.g. I stayed there to see what would happen. 不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加调意义时，还可以在前面加 in orde
41、r to 或或 so as to。由由 in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首，引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首，而由而由 so as to 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。句首。ReadingText A我留在那儿是为了看看要发生什么事。我留在那儿是为了看看要发生什么事。Unit 4 e.g. The man has to do some part-time jobs in his spare time so as to support his family. You should study
42、 even harder in order to be a top student. 2) 不定式作不定式作结果状语结果状语 e.g. What have I said to make you so excited ？ They were too excited to say a word. ReadingText A那人为了养家不得不在业余时间做些活。那人为了养家不得不在业余时间做些活。要当尖子学生，你应更加努力学习。要当尖子学生，你应更加努力学习。我说了什么使你这么激动？我说了什么使你这么激动？他们太激动了以致说不出话了。他们太激动了以致说不出话了。Unit 43) 不定式作不定式作原因状
43、语原因状语 e.g. I am sorry to hear that. They were surprised to find that nobody was in the house. 4) 不定式作不定式作程度状语程度状语 e.g. She wouldnt be so silly to say that .ReadingText A听到这事我很难过。听到这事我很难过。发现屋子里空无一人，他们很奇怪。发现屋子里空无一人，他们很奇怪。 她不会傻得去说那件事的。她不会傻得去说那件事的。Unit 4 （ Para. 3) The next morning, the seed had a littl
44、e green shoot. All day it sat in the sun and grewtaller and taller1. That evening a hungry bird tried to eat it, but the seed had roots to help it stay inthe ground. Many years of sunshine and rain passed. The seed became2 a plant, and then the plantbecame a tree.ReadingText AWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文
45、： 第二天早上，种子长成了一棵绿色的小芽。它整天第二天早上，种子长成了一棵绿色的小芽。它整天都在阳光下，长得越来越高。那天晚上，一个饥饿的鸟都在阳光下，长得越来越高。那天晚上，一个饥饿的鸟试图吃它，但种子已经有了根部，帮助它留在了地下。试图吃它，但种子已经有了根部，帮助它留在了地下。经过许多年的阳光和雨水，种子长成了一棵植物，然后经过许多年的阳光和雨水，种子长成了一棵植物，然后植物又长成了一棵树。植物又长成了一棵树。ReadingText AUnit 41. taller and taller 越来越高越来越高 形容词比较级形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级形容词比较级 , 表示表示“
46、越来越越来越” e.g. The computer is cheaper and cheaper. ReadingText A计算机越来越便宜了。计算机越来越便宜了。Unit 42. (S-Note 3) become用作连系动词，意为用作连系动词，意为“成为成为”，其，其 后可接：后可接：1) 名词名词 e.g. They became great friends. He aims to become a computer expert. She has become a painter of distinction. 2) 形容词形容词 e.g. She became very fond
47、of John.ReadingText A他们成了莫逆之交。他们成了莫逆之交。他打算当一名电脑专家。他打算当一名电脑专家。她成了一名杰出的画家。她成了一名杰出的画家。 她变得非常喜欢约翰。她变得非常喜欢约翰。Unit 4 He soon became angry. She has become familiar with the house. Ive become used to a vegetarian diet. 3) 过去分词过去分词 e.g. They had just become engaged. At last the truth became known to us. The
48、room soon became crowded. ReadingText A他过了一会儿就生气了。他过了一会儿就生气了。她对这房子已很熟悉。她对这房子已很熟悉。我已习惯于素食。我已习惯于素食。他们刚刚订婚。他们刚刚订婚。我们终于知道了真相。我们终于知道了真相。房间很快变得拥挤起来。房间很快变得拥挤起来。Unit 4Text AWords and expressionsWords1. seed /si:d/ n. a small, hard object produced by plants, from which a new plant of the same kind grows 种子种子
49、 e.g. The farmers are scattering seeds. Children enjoy growing flowers from seeds. Text农夫们在播种。农夫们在播种。孩子们喜欢用花籽种植花卉。孩子们喜欢用花籽种植花卉。Unit 4Text AWords and expressions2. cart /kB:t/ n. a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal 运货马车运货马车; 手推车手推车 e.g. The cart creaked along. The cart
50、s were pulled by bull. Text马车吱吱嘎嘎地前进着。马车吱吱嘎嘎地前进着。大车由公牛拖着。大车由公牛拖着。Unit 43. wheel /hwi:l/ n. one of the round things under a car that turns when it moves轮子轮子, 车轮车轮, 机轮机轮 e.g. A wheel revolves round its axis.Text AWords and expressionsText 轮子是绕轴旋转的。轮子是绕轴旋转的。Unit 44. bump /bQmp/ n. a bump on the body ca
51、used by a blow 碰撞碰撞, 猛撞；猛撞； e.g. I heard a bump in the next room. I heard a loud bump in the dark. Text AWords and expressionsText我听到隔壁房间传来我听到隔壁房间传来“砰砰”的一声。的一声。我在黑暗中听见一声清晰的碰撞声。我在黑暗中听见一声清晰的碰撞声。Unit 45. scare /skeE/ vt. to cause fear in 恐吓恐吓; 使惊恐使惊恐 vi. to become frightened受惊吓受惊吓, 感到害怕感到害怕 e.g. Dont l
52、et the noise scare you, its only the wind. (vt.) I dont scare easily，you know. (vi.) Text AWords and expressionsText别被那声音吓住别被那声音吓住, 那不过是风声罢了。那不过是风声罢了。你知道我不是那么容易给吓倒的。你知道我不是那么容易给吓倒的。Unit 46. soil /sRIl/ n. the top layer of the earth in which plants grow 泥土泥土, 土壤土壤, 土地土地 e.g. Plants get the nutrition f
53、rom the soil in which they grow. The bush grows well in a sandy soil. Text AWords and expressionsText植物从它们赖以生存的土壤中吸收养分。植物从它们赖以生存的土壤中吸收养分。这种灌木在沙质土里生长良好。这种灌木在沙质土里生长良好。Unit 47. buffalo /5bQfElEU/ n. an African animal similar to a large cow with long curved horns 水牛水牛 e.g. Great herds of buffalo migrate
54、d across the plains. Text AWords and expressionsText大群野牛迁徙过平原。大群野牛迁徙过平原。Unit 48. root /ru:t/ n. the part of a plant or tree that grows under the ground and gets water from the soil 根根, 根部根部 e.g. The roots of this plant go deep. I stumbled over a tree root. Five is the square root of 25. Text AWords
55、and expressionsText这种植物的根扎得很深。这种植物的根扎得很深。我在一个树根上绊了一跤。我在一个树根上绊了一跤。 五是二十五的平方根。五是二十五的平方根。Unit 41.fall out of 从从掉了下来掉了下来 e.g. In his sleep he let the book fall out of his hand. Text AWords and expressionsPhraseText他睡着时书从手中掉了下来。他睡着时书从手中掉了下来。Unit 42. start to 开始开始 e.g. When the sun started to go down, he
56、stopped and set up his tent. Text AWords and expressionsText太阳开始下山了太阳开始下山了, 他停下来搭起帐篷。他停下来搭起帐篷。Unit 43. all day 整天整天 e.g. It rained all day. Text AWords and expressionsText 下下了了一整天的一整天的雨。雨。Unit 44. try to 设法设法, 尽量尽量 e.g. Try to hang on. Try to shout less.Text AWords and expressionsText要设法坚持下去。要设法坚持下去
57、。 尽量少喊叫。尽量少喊叫。Unit 4Text AActivities( ) 1. A farmer took a big bag of seeds to sell at the market.( ) 2. All of the seeds fell out of the bag and onto the hot, dry ground.( ) 3. A buffalo pushed the seed into the ground.( ) 4. All day the seed sat in the sun and grew shorter and shorter.( ) 5. Becau
58、se a hungry bird ate the seed, the seed didnt become a tree in the end.Activity 1 Reading comprehensionDecide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to Text A.TFTFF_Unit 4Activity 2 Vocabulary1. Match each word in Column A with a similar meaning in Column B.Text AActivi
59、tiesUnit 4A A B B( ) 1. scarea. go through( ) 2. sellb. no longer wet( ) 3. dryc. frighten( ) 4. marketd. move with force( ) 5. starte. the rays of the sun( ) 6. farmerf. land( ) 7. pushg. do business, trade( ) 8. sunshineh. a person who operates a farm( ) 9. groundi. a place where people buy and se
60、ll goods( ) 10. passj. beginText AActivitiescgbijhdefa_Unit 42. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given below.scare need sunshine safe fall1) It requires plenty of . 2) Kill the chicken to the monkey. Text AActivities解析：解析：require 需要需要，plenty of 许多，大量许多，大量翻译：它需要非常充足的阳光。翻译：它需要非常充足
61、的阳光。解析：解析：scare为及物动词，意为为及物动词，意为“恐吓恐吓; 使惊恐使惊恐”。翻译：杀鸡儆猴。翻译：杀鸡儆猴。sunshinescare_Unit 43) The building was locked, and all of us within felt . 4) The desk repairing. 5) Babies often when they are learning to walk. Text AActivities解析：解析：when引导时间状语从句，主句中的引导时间状语从句，主句中的“fall”为不及物动为不及物动词，词， 意为意为“跌倒跌倒”。翻译：幼儿学步
62、时常会摔跤。翻译：幼儿学步时常会摔跤。解析：解析：feel 为连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。为连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。safe为形容为形容 词，表示词，表示“安全的，不会有危险的，不受威胁的安全的，不会有危险的，不受威胁的;受保护的受保护的”。翻译：大楼被锁上了翻译：大楼被锁上了, 我们在里面感到安全。我们在里面感到安全。解析：解析：need为实义动词，有人称和数的变化，后面为实义动词，有人称和数的变化，后面 跟动名词表被动。跟动名词表被动。翻译：桌子需要修理。翻译：桌子需要修理。scare need sunshine safe fallsafeneedsfall_Unit 43. Fi
63、ll in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given below.all day try to take . to start to fall out of1) Even monkeys trees. 2) He many flowers sell at the market yesterday. Text AActivities解析：解析：fall out of 从从掉下来掉下来翻译：即使猴子也有从树上掉下来的时候。翻译：即使猴子也有从树上掉下来的时候。解析：解析：take . to 把某人或某物带走把某人或某物带走翻译：昨天
64、他拿了很多花去市场上卖。翻译：昨天他拿了很多花去市场上卖。fall out oftook to_ _Unit 43) We should avoid accidents.4) Tomorrow I work. 5) It snowed . Text AActivities解析：解析：try to 试图，尽量试图，尽量翻译：我们应该尽量防止事故。翻译：我们应该尽量防止事故。解析：解析：start 动词，意为动词，意为“开始开始”，可以跟，可以跟 “ to do”，也可以跟，也可以跟 “doing”。翻译：明天我开始工作。翻译：明天我开始工作。解析：解析：all day副词，意为副词，意为“整天整
65、天”。翻译：整天都在下雪。翻译：整天都在下雪。all day try to take . to start to fall out oftry towill start toall day_Unit 4Model：“Im thirsty,” said the seed. “I need some water to help me grow.”Activity 3 StructureRewrite the following sentences according to the model, using the structure “in order/so as to”.Text AActivi
66、ties“ Im thirsty,” said the seed. “I need some water in order (so as) to help me grow.”Unit 41. They went there to visit their teacher.2. To explain more clearly, Ill show you the pictures. 3. They started early to get there in time.4. I come here to say goodbye to you.5. You couldnt do that to save
67、 your life. Text AActivitiesThey went there so as to visit their teacher.In order to explain more clearly, Ill show you the pictures.They started early in order to get there in time.I come here in order to say goodbye to you.You couldnt do that so as to save your life.Unit 4Model：hero, a, too, can,
68、you, be Activity 4 Written work1. The following words are not in the right order. Arrange them correctly.Text AActivitiesYou can be a hero, too.Unit 41) him, know, very well, we, dont2) I, a, cat, the, tree, saw, in3) study, we, for, hard, our, country4) the, man, a, life, lonely, old, lives5) work,
69、 is, English, my, teaching Text AActivitiesWe dont know him very well.I saw a cat in the tree.We study hard for our country.The old man lives a lonely life.My work is teaching English.Unit 42. Translate the following into Chinese. The next morning, the seed had a little green shoot. All day it sat i
70、n the sun and grew taller and taller. Thatevening a hungry bird tried to eat it, but the seed had roots to help it stay in the ground. Many years of sunshine and rain passed. The seed became a plant, and then the plant became a tree.Text AActivitiesUnit 4参考译文：参考译文： Text AActivities 第二天早上，种子长成了一棵绿色的小
71、芽。它整第二天早上，种子长成了一棵绿色的小芽。它整天都在阳光下，长得越来越高。那天晚上，一个饥饿天都在阳光下，长得越来越高。那天晚上，一个饥饿的鸟试图吃它，但种子已经有了根部，帮助它留在了的鸟试图吃它，但种子已经有了根部，帮助它留在了地下。经过许多年的阳光和雨水。种子长成了一棵植地下。经过许多年的阳光和雨水。种子长成了一棵植物，然后植物又长成了一棵树。物，然后植物又长成了一棵树。Unit 4ReadingText B1. Have you ever seen the fir tree ？2. “Being myself is the best thing to be!” What do you
72、 think about it ？Pre-reading questions(Omitted)Yes, I have. / No, I havent.WordsPhrasesUnit 4Tree that Wished for Different LeavesRetold by Rose Owens (Para. 1) A long time ago, there was a little fir tree in the middle of the forest. He was small and he had thin short green leaves that were prickly
73、. 1 Except that he didnt like his prickly green leaves. He wanted to be like the other2 trees with their broad green leaves3. The little tree was sure they were saying, “Look at that little tree with his short, thin prickly leaves. Doesnt he look funny ？”“Oh, I wish . I wish .” said the little fir t
74、ree. “I wish that I had leaves of glass.4 Then I would be beautiful and then all the other trees wouldnt laugh at me.”ReadingText BWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文： 很久很久以前，在森林里有一棵小杉树。他很矮很久很久以前，在森林里有一棵小杉树。他很矮并且身上长着又短又细像针一样的叶子。他很不并且身上长着又短又细像针一样的叶子。他很不喜欢自己这种尖尖的针叶。他希望自己能长得像周围喜欢自己这种尖尖的针叶。他希望自己能长得像周围那些树，有着宽宽的叶子。小树
75、确信周围的树都笑那些树，有着宽宽的叶子。小树确信周围的树都笑他：他：“看他多矮多小，叶子多像针，多细。他长得是看他多矮多小，叶子多像针，多细。他长得是不是很好笑？不是很好笑？”“哎，我真希望哎，我真希望真希望真希望我能有玻我能有玻璃璃叶子，这样就会很漂亮，所有的树都不会再嘲笑我了。叶子，这样就会很漂亮，所有的树都不会再嘲笑我了。”小杉树说。小杉树说。ReadingText BUnit 4解析：解析：ReadingText B1. 此处由此处由that 引导了一个定语从句。引导了一个定语从句。 e.g. This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这
76、部电影是我看过的最好的一部。这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。Unit 4ReadingText B2. (S-Note 1) the other 指指( 两者中两者中) 另一个，常用于另一个，常用于 one ., the other .“一个一个另一个另一个”。 other相关的其他用法：相关的其他用法： no other than 不是别的，正是；不是别的，正是； other than 不同于，非，除了；不同于，非，除了； every other 每隔每隔Unit 4ReadingText B3. with their broad green leaves. 这里的这里的with 表示伴随状态
77、。表示伴随状态。Unit 4ReadingText B4. 此句为虚拟语气。在动词此句为虚拟语气。在动词wish 后面的宾语从句中，表示后面的宾语从句中，表示 不可能实现的愿望。汉语一般可译为不可能实现的愿望。汉语一般可译为“但愿但愿”，“可可 惜惜 ”，“悔不该悔不该”，“就好了就好了”等。在宾语从句中，等。在宾语从句中， 表示现在不可能实现的愿望时，谓语动词用过去式表示现在不可能实现的愿望时，谓语动词用过去式( 动词动词 be的过去式用的过去式用were)。 e.g. I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I could help
78、 you. 要是一年到头都是春天该多好啊！要是一年到头都是春天该多好啊！ 但愿我能帮助你。但愿我能帮助你。Unit 4ReadingText B如表示过去未能实现的愿望时，谓语动词就用过去完成式如表示过去未能实现的愿望时，谓语动词就用过去完成式(had+过去分词过去分词)； e.g. She wishes she had been here last week. 表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望时，谓语动词一般用表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望时，谓语动词一般用would+动词原形。动词原形。 e.g. I wish you would be more careful in future. 她想要是她
79、上星期在这里就好了。她想要是她上星期在这里就好了。 希望你今后会更小心一些才好。希望你今后会更小心一些才好。Unit 4 (Para. 2) In the morning the little tree woke up as the sun came up over the mountain. “Oh,” said the little tree, “my leaves are beautiful.” They shimmered with pink and yellow and golden colors. He was happy.ReadingText BWordsPhrasesUnit
80、 4译文：译文： 早上太阳爬过山顶，小杉树醒来。早上太阳爬过山顶，小杉树醒来。“天啊！我的天啊！我的树叶变漂亮了。树叶变漂亮了。”树叶闪烁着粉色、黄色、金色的光树叶闪烁着粉色、黄色、金色的光芒。他很开心。芒。他很开心。ReadingText BUnit 4解析：解析：. as the sun came up over the mountain.as引导时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句：1) as从句表示的是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。从句表示的是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。 但与但与 while 从句不同的是：从句不同的是：as从句一般不用现在进行时，而只是从句一般不
81、用现在进行时，而只是 用一般过去时。用一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成从句一般可以翻译成“边边边边”。 e.g. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. The little girls sang as they went Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. ReadingText B当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。当他
82、抓住球的时候当他抓住球的时候, 有一种撕裂的声音。有一种撕裂的声音。Unit 42) as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时， as 只是一个次要的时间说明，常常翻译成只是一个次要的时间说明，常常翻译成“随着随着”。 e.g. As the time went on，the weather got worse. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.3) 少数情况下，如果强调动作正在发生，少数情况下，如果强调动作正在发生，as 从句也可以用现从
83、句也可以用现 在进行时。在进行时。 e.g. The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying. As we were going out, it began to snow. ReadingText B随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。 当我们出门时，开始下雪了。当我们出门时，开始下雪了。Unit 4 (Para. 3) The forest became dark an
84、d quiet. A storm came. The glass leaves of the little tree crashedagainst each other and shattered in crystal shards upon the forest floor. “Every leaf is gone. Now the other trees will laugh at me again. I wish . I wish that I had broad green leaves like all the other trees. If I were just like the
85、m, they wouldnt laugh at me.”ReadingText BWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文： 突然森林变得很黑、很静，暴风雨来临了。玻璃树突然森林变得很黑、很静，暴风雨来临了。玻璃树叶相互撞击，像水晶一样的碎片落了一地。叶相互撞击，像水晶一样的碎片落了一地。“所有的叶所有的叶子都掉了。现在其他的树木又会再嘲笑我了。我望子都掉了。现在其他的树木又会再嘲笑我了。我望我希望我能像其他树一样长着宽宽的绿叶。如果我能像我希望我能像其他树一样长着宽宽的绿叶。如果我能像他们一样，他们就不会嘲笑我了。他们一样，他们就不会嘲笑我了。”ReadingText BUnit 4
86、解析：解析：If I were just like them, they wouldnt laugh at me. If 引导非真实条件句，使用虚拟语气。引导非真实条件句，使用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在If 条件句中表示现在或未来情况的用法：条件句中表示现在或未来情况的用法： 条件从句的谓语形式：条件从句的谓语形式：If I (we , you, he, she, they)+ 动词过去式动词过去式 主句的谓语形式：主语主句的谓语形式：主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形注意注意1) 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去式一般用的
87、过去式一般用were。 表示未来情况时，从句的谓语形式还有：表示未来情况时，从句的谓语形式还有：If I (we, you, he, she, they) +should/were to+动词过去式。动词过去式。2) 主句中的主句中的should通常用于第一人称通常用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称，同时可用于任何人称，同时也可根据意思用情态动词也可根据意思用情态动词could, might。ReadingText BUnit 4e.g. If I were you, I would work hard. If it were to rain tomorrow, they would no
88、t go out. 有时，从句中的谓语由有时，从句中的谓语由“should(不能用不能用ought to 代替代替)+ 动词原动词原形形”构成，以表示构成，以表示“有可能但可能性很小有可能但可能性很小”，相当于，相当于“万一万一”。这种。这种结构主句的谓语不一定用虚拟语气，常为祈使句，也可用陈述语气。结构主句的谓语不一定用虚拟语气，常为祈使句，也可用陈述语气。e.g. If you should see her, ask her to ring me up. If 在某些条件从句中，有时可省略，这时句子要倒装。在某些条件从句中，有时可省略，这时句子要倒装。e.g. Were I her goo
89、d friend(=If I were her good friend)，I would refuse. ReadingText B如果我是你，就会努力学习。如果我是你，就会努力学习。如果明天下雨，他们就不出去了。如果明天下雨，他们就不出去了。万一你遇到她，让她给我打电话。万一你遇到她，让她给我打电话。 如果我是她的好朋友，我会拒绝。如果我是她的好朋友，我会拒绝。Unit 4 (Para. 4) In the morning the little tree looked down. There they were beautiful broad green leaves. “I am just
90、 like the other trees.” The sun was high overhead when a goat came wandering through the forest. The other trees lifted up their branches but the little fir tree was too small. The goat crunched and munched until every leaf was gone and the little tree was bare once again. “No, I wish . I wish I cou
91、ld have my own thin prickly leaves back again.”ReadingText BWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文： 早晨，小树看看自己，满身漂亮的绿叶。早晨，小树看看自己，满身漂亮的绿叶。“我和我和其他树一样了！其他树一样了！”中午，一只羊走进森林。其他的树中午，一只羊走进森林。其他的树木们都把自己的枝叶举得高高的，但是小杉树太矮了，木们都把自己的枝叶举得高高的，但是小杉树太矮了，山羊慢慢地大声咀嚼，直到吃掉每片树叶。小树再次山羊慢慢地大声咀嚼，直到吃掉每片树叶。小树再次变得光溜溜的。变得光溜溜的。“不，不， 我希望我希望我希望我能重新拥我
92、希望我能重新拥有自己尖尖的针叶。有自己尖尖的针叶。ReadingText BUnit 4解析：解析：(S-Note 1) I am just like the other trees. 此处此处like为介词，意为为介词，意为“像、如、似像、如、似”。ReadingText BUnit 4 (Para. 5) In the morning when the little tree woke up and looked down at his branches, they were covered with1 thin, prickly leaves. “Oh,” said the little
93、 tree laughing aloud for joy. “I have my own green pricklyleaves again and they are beautiful and just right for2 me. Being myself is the best thing to be.”ReadingText BWordsPhrasesUnit 4译文：译文： 早上醒来，小杉树看着自己的枝叶，浑身都是尖尖的早上醒来，小杉树看着自己的枝叶，浑身都是尖尖的针叶。针叶。“噢！噢！”小杉树兴奋地高声叫起来。小杉树兴奋地高声叫起来。“我终于又我终于又有自己的叶子了，他们是如此的美
94、丽、如此地适合我。有自己的叶子了，他们是如此的美丽、如此地适合我。自己的才是最好的！自己的才是最好的！”ReadingText BUnit 4解析：解析：1. be covered with 被被覆盖覆盖 e.g. The stone is covered with moss. ReadingText B石头上长满了青苔。石头上长满了青苔。Unit 42. be right for 适合适合 e.g. She is the right person for the position. ReadingText B 她适合这个职位。她适合这个职位。Unit 41. fir /f:/ n. any
95、of a genus of erect evergreen trees related to the pines 枞木，冷杉枞木，冷杉 e.g. Out in the woods stood such a pretty little fir tree. Text BWords and expressionsWords 树林外有一棵美丽的杉树。树林外有一棵美丽的杉树。TextUnit 42. prickly /5prIklI/ a. very irritable; having or covered with protective barbs or quills or spines or tho
96、rns or setae, etc. 多刺的；棘手的；易生气的多刺的；棘手的；易生气的 e.g. The leaves were long and prickly.Text BWords and expressions 叶子长而多刺。叶子长而多刺。TextUnit 43. shimmer /5FImE/ vi. to shine waveringly or tremulously (使使) 闪烁，闪烁，( 使使) 发微光发微光 e.g. The water shimmered in the moonlight. Text BWords and expressions 水在月光下闪闪发光。水在月
97、光下闪闪发光。TextUnit 44. crash /krAF/ v. to break noisily; to damage an airplane in landing; to enter or attend without invitation or without paying 撞碎，猛使撞碎，猛使破碎；迫降；发出巨响破碎；迫降；发出巨响, 破产破产 e.g. An airliner crashed in the west of Denver last night. His company crashed last year. Listen to the thunder crash.
98、The motorcycle crashed into the fence. Text BWords and expressions昨夜一架客机在丹佛西边坠毁。昨夜一架客机在丹佛西边坠毁。他的公司去年破产了。他的公司去年破产了。听霹雷发出的巨响。听霹雷发出的巨响。摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。TextUnit 45. shatter /5FAtE/ v. to dash or burst into fragments 打碎，破掉，散开打碎，破掉，散开, 脱落脱落 e.g. She shattered the cup when she dropped it on the floor
99、. His hope of finding a better job was shattered. Nothing could shatter his faith. The heavy rain shattered on the roof. Text BWords and expressions 她把杯子掉在地板上她把杯子掉在地板上, 摔得粉碎。摔得粉碎。他想找个好一点工作的希望破灭了。他想找个好一点工作的希望破灭了。没有什么东西能动摇他的信念。没有什么东西能动摇他的信念。大雨哗啦啦打在屋顶上。大雨哗啦啦打在屋顶上。TextUnit 46. crystal /5krIstE l/ n. & a
100、. transparent, natural substance like quartz 水晶水晶; 晶体的，透明的晶体的，透明的 e.g. Each mineral has crystals of a particular shape. Text BWords and expressions 每种矿物的晶体都有其特殊的形状。每种矿物的晶体都有其特殊的形状。TextUnit 47. shard /FB:d/ n. a broken piece of a brittle artifact 碎片，薄硬壳碎片，薄硬壳 e.g. The pole lay in shards on the paveme
101、nt. Text BWords and expressions 杆子碎成一段段地倒在人行道上。杆子碎成一段段地倒在人行道上。TextUnit 48. crunch /krQntF/ v. to chew with a grinding crunching; to grind or press with a crushing noise 发出碎裂声；嘎吱嘎吱地咀嚼；嘎喳嘎喳地碾过发出碎裂声；嘎吱嘎吱地咀嚼；嘎喳嘎喳地碾过 e.g. The dog is crunching a bone. Our feet crunched on the frozen snow.Text BWords and e
102、xpressions狗在啃一块骨头。狗在啃一块骨头。 我们的双脚嘎吱作响地踩着冰冻的雪地。我们的双脚嘎吱作响地踩着冰冻的雪地。TextUnit 49. munch /mQntF/ v. to eat with a chewing action; to snack foods 大声咀嚼大声咀嚼 e.g. The rabbit munched on the fresh carrots. Text BWords and expressions 兔子咯吱咯吱地嚼着新鲜胡萝卜。兔子咯吱咯吱地嚼着新鲜胡萝卜。TextUnit 410. bare /beE/ a. naked; unconcealed, e
103、xposed; empty; leaving nothing to spare 裸的；光秃秃的；裸的；光秃秃的； 空的；无陈设的，无装饰的；不加掩饰的空的；无陈设的，无装饰的；不加掩饰的 e.g. The path leads to a hill bare of vegetation. They stripped the house bare. The dog bared its gums at me. The room is bare of furniture.Text BWords and expressions这条小道通向一座没有草木的小山。这条小道通向一座没有草木的小山。他们把房子里的
104、东西都搬空了。他们把房子里的东西都搬空了。狗呲着牙冲我叫。狗呲着牙冲我叫。 这间房里家具很少。这间房里家具很少。TextUnit 41. in the middle of 在在中间中间 e.g. She came in the middle of the day. PhrasesText BWords and expressions她在中午的时候来了。她在中午的时候来了。TextUnit 42. come up 上升，靠近，升职，提及上升，靠近，升职，提及 e.g. A number of questions came up at the meeting. Text BWords and ex
105、pressions 会议上提出了许多问题。会议上提出了许多问题。TextUnit 43. lift up 升起，举起，鼓舞，激励升起，举起，鼓舞，激励 e.g. She lifted the box up and rushed out of the office. Text BWords and expressions 她提起箱子，奔出了办公室。她提起箱子，奔出了办公室。TextUnit 44. be covered with 被被覆盖覆盖 e.g. The stone is covered with moss. Text BWords and expressions 石头上覆盖着青苔。石头上
106、覆盖着青苔。TextUnit 4 5. look down 往下看往下看 e.g. Im scared to look down from the top of a tall building. Text BWords and expressions 我害怕从高楼楼顶朝下看。我害怕从高楼楼顶朝下看。TextUnit 4Text BCulture tips “The Fir Tree” is a literary fairy tale by Danish poet and author Hans Christian Andersen (18051875). The tale is about a
107、 fir-tree so anxious to grow up, so anxious for greater things, that he cannot appreciate living in the moment. The tale was first published December 21, 1844 with “The Snow Queen” in Copenhagen, Denmark by C.A. Reitzel. One scholar indicates that “The Fir Tree” was the first of Andersens fairy tale
108、s to express a deep pessimism.Unit 4Text BActivitiesActivity 1 Reading comprehensionDecide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to Text B. Unit 4( ) 1. The fir tree had broad green leaves at first, but he didnt like them.( ) 2. The fir tree wishes that he had leaves o
109、f glass. Then he would be beautiful and then all the other trees wouldnt laugh at him.( ) 3. The gold leaves of the little tree crashed against each other and shattered in crystal shards upon the forest floor.( ) 4. The sun was high overhead when a goat came wandering through the forest. The fir tre
110、e lifted up his branches and the goat cant chew.( ) 5. Being myself is the best thing to be, so the little fir tree likes his green prickly leaves at last.Text BActivitiesFTFFT_Unit 41. The childs rubber ball punctured when it fell on a bush. 2. The beautifully wrought handicrafts receive great prai
111、se from people.Activity 2 VocabularyFill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given below.crunch shimmer prickly crash crystalText BActivities解析：解析：prickly多刺的，棘手的；易生气的多刺的，棘手的；易生气的翻译：小孩的橡皮球掉到长有尖刺的灌木丛上被刺破了。翻译：小孩的橡皮球掉到长有尖刺的灌木丛上被刺破了。解析：解析：crystal 水晶。既可以作形容词也可作名词。水晶。既可以作形容词也可作名词。 在此处为形容词。在此处为
112、形容词。翻译：玲珑剔透的水晶工艺品，令人叹为观止。翻译：玲珑剔透的水晶工艺品，令人叹为观止。 prickly crystal_Unit 43. People who nuts at the movies can be very annoying. 4. The jewel has beautiful . 5. All the ships in the vicinity of the joined in the search for survivors. Text BActivities解析：解析： crunch 作及物动词时意思为：嘎吱作响地咬嚼。作及物动词时意思为：嘎吱作响地咬嚼。 同时还可
113、以作名词和形容词。作名词还表示摩擦音。同时还可以作名词和形容词。作名词还表示摩擦音。翻译：看电影时嘎吱作响地嚼干果的人会使人十分讨厌。翻译：看电影时嘎吱作响地嚼干果的人会使人十分讨厌。解析：解析：shimmer 可作动词、名词。可作动词、名词。shimmery a. 意为微微意为微微 发光亮的发光亮的; 闪烁的。闪烁的。翻译：那颗宝石有美丽的闪光。翻译：那颗宝石有美丽的闪光。解析：解析：crash可作不及物动词，也可作名词，意为碰撞，倒下，坠落。可作不及物动词，也可作名词，意为碰撞，倒下，坠落。翻译：撞船事故发生地区的所有船只都参加了搜寻幸存者的工作。翻译：撞船事故发生地区的所有船只都参加了搜
114、寻幸存者的工作。crunch shimmer prickly crash crystalcrunchshimmercrash_Unit 42. come up 上来；提出上来；提出1) I can hear somebody coming up the stairs.2) 会议上提出了许多问题。会议上提出了许多问题。1. the other 其他；另外其他；另外1) Where are the other guests ？2) 这个故事比另外那两个更教育人。这个故事比另外那两个更教育人。Activity 3 Written workTranslate the following sentenc
115、es. Text BActivities 在哪里？在哪里？This story .我能听见我能听见 。 at the meeting.其他客人其他客人is more instructive than the other two有人上楼有人上楼A number of questions came up_Unit 44. Being myself is the best thing to be 动名词短语作主语动名词短语作主语1) Popularizing the new method was not an easy job.2) 见到你非常高兴。见到你非常高兴。3. If I were ., s
116、b. would + 动词原形动词原形1) If he were here now, he would give us a hand.2) 我要是细心一点我要是细心一点, 是可以做得更好的。是可以做得更好的。Text BActivities ，他会帮助我们。，他会帮助我们。If I , I . 不是一件容易的事。不是一件容易的事。 you .如果他现在在这儿如果他现在在这儿had been more careful could have done better推广那个新方法推广那个新方法Meetinghas been a great pleasure_Unit 45. be covered w
117、ith 被被覆盖覆盖1) These seeds must be covered with a layer of earth.2) 山上终年被雪覆盖。山上终年被雪覆盖。Text BActivities这些种子这些种子 。The mountain .必须覆上一层土必须覆上一层土is covered with snow all the year round_Unit 4一般过去时一般过去时(The Simple Past Tense)Grammar. 一般过去时的构成一般过去时的构成(Forms of the Simple Past Tense)构构 成成例句例句Affirmativesenten
118、ce肯定句肯定句uI received a strange phone call yesterday. What a bad day I had! uThe person you are looking for went away just now. uThey took the thief to the police station.Negativesentence否定句否定句uHe didnt drink milk this morning. uWe didnt write down the words on the blackboard yesterday.uI didnt spend
119、my winter holiday in China last year.Unit 4一般过去时一般过去时(The Simple Past Tense)Grammar. 一般过去时的构成一般过去时的构成(Forms of the Simple Past Tense)构构 成成例句例句Interrogativesentence疑问句疑问句uWhere did you go last summer? uDid he ask you for any money last week? Yes, he did. uDid they find their lost dog? No, they didnt.
120、Unit 4 . 一般过去时的用法一般过去时的用法(Usage of the Simple Past Tense)Grammar用用 法法1. 表示过去发生的事情或者存在的状态，常与表示过表示过去发生的事情或者存在的状态，常与表示过 去的时间状语连用。去的时间状语连用。2. 表示过去经常、反复发生的动作，常与表示过去经常、反复发生的动作，常与always, usually，often，sometimes等连用。等连用。3. 表示在过去特定的时间一次完成的具有先后顺序的表示在过去特定的时间一次完成的具有先后顺序的几个动作。几个动作。Unit 4Grammar例例 句句uShe looked ve
121、ry well when I saw her last time.uI paid a visit to Hong Kong last month.uHe bought a bicycle for his son the other day.uWhen I was a child, I often played football in the street.uHe always stayed up too late and never had enough time for sleep when he was at college.uI got up early, washed my face,
122、 had a quick breakfast and hurried to school.Unit 41. 过去时常用来追述已故的人或事。过去时常用来追述已故的人或事。 e.g. Lei Feng set a good example to us. 雷锋为我们树立了榜样。雷锋为我们树立了榜样。 Shakespeare was an excellent playwright. 莎士比亚是一位杰出的剧作家。莎士比亚是一位杰出的剧作家。Teaching reference GrammarUnit 42. since后的从句常用一般过去时。后的从句常用一般过去时。 e.g. You havent ch
123、anged much since we last met. 自我们上次见面后，你没有太大变化。自我们上次见面后，你没有太大变化。GrammarUnit 43. 一般过去时在以下几种情况也可以指现在或将来。一般过去时在以下几种情况也可以指现在或将来。 1) 在间接引语中如果主句的动词是过去时在间接引语中如果主句的动词是过去时,从句的动词通常也用过从句的动词通常也用过 去时。去时。 直接引语：直接引语：The policeman asked me,“What are your parents and where do they live?” 间接引语：间接引语：The policeman aske
124、d me what my parents were and where they lived. 2) 表示态度的过去时表示态度的过去时 这种过去时通常与态度有关，而不是与时间有关。口语中，一这种过去时通常与态度有关，而不是与时间有关。口语中，一 般过去时有时可用来代替一般现在时，使语气变得婉转、客气一般过去时有时可用来代替一般现在时，使语气变得婉转、客气一 些，以表示尊重。些，以表示尊重。 e.g. Did /Do you want to see me now ？ 你想现在就看到我吗？你想现在就看到我吗？ I wondered /was wondering /wonder if you cou
125、ld spare me a few minutes ？ 你能给我几分钟时间吗？你能给我几分钟时间吗？GrammarUnit 43) 虚拟过去时虚拟过去时 这种过去时通常用在以这种过去时通常用在以if 引导的条件状语从句中，表示与引导的条件状语从句中，表示与现在或将来的实际情况相反的一种假设。现在或将来的实际情况相反的一种假设。 e.g. If I were you，I would work in the company now. (与现在的事实相反与现在的事实相反) If you went at about four oclock tomorrow, you could see him bef
126、ore he left the office (与将来的事实相反与将来的事实相反)GrammarUnit 44) 情态动词的过去时形式情态动词的过去时形式(could，might，would，should) 通常指通常指 现在或将来，表达不同的意思。现在或将来，表达不同的意思。 e.g. Could you help me to carry the desk ？ ( 这里的这里的could表示一种表示一种“试探性试探性”) I think the train might arrive soon ( 表示一种将来的可能性表示一种将来的可能性) Would you come this way，pl
127、ease ？ ( 比用比用will更客气更客气) Johnny should be at home at the moment. (should be表示一种推测表示一种推测) If you should win the match，I would buy a computer for you. (在在if和和in case后用后用should,表示可能性极小表示可能性极小)GrammarUnit 44. 在在Its time, wish和和would rather 后过去时的用法。后过去时的用法。 1) Its time(that)主语主语动词过去式动词过去式 e.g. Its alread
128、y eightIts time the boy went to bed. 2) 在在wish 后的从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相后的从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相 反的意思。反的意思。 e.g. I wish I had a beautiful car ( 实际是我没有汽车实际是我没有汽车) 3) would rather sb. did sth. 表示表示“宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事”。 e.g. Id rather you came tomorrow. (实际上你明天不会来实际上你明天不会来)GrammarUnit 45. would和和used to“过去常常过去常常”，表
129、示过去习惯性的动作或状，表示过去习惯性的动作或状 态，但如今已不存在。态，但如今已不存在。 e.g. When we were children，we used to / would swim in the river near the village 我们小时候常去村边的小河里游泳。我们小时候常去村边的小河里游泳。GrammarUnit 4GrammarActivitiesActivity 1 Ask and answer questions using the Simple Present Tense after the model. giveJohna bookJanea schoolb
130、agA：What did you give John yesterday ？B：I gave him a book.A：Did you give Jane a book, too ？B：No, I didnt. I gave her a schoolbag.Model：Unit 41. sendKatea letterLindaa postcard2. buyDavida pair of shoesSusana skirt Reference dialoguesGrammarActivitiesA：What did you send Kate yesterday ？B：I sent her a
131、 letter.A：Did you send Linda a letter, too ？B：No, I didnt. I sent her a postcard.A：What did you buy David last week ？B：I bought him a pair of shoes.A：Did you buy Susan a pair of shoes, too ？B：No, I didnt. I bought her a skirt.Unit 43. the waiterbring the mana bottle of beerhis wife a cup of coffee4.
132、 Mariaread EnglishNancyChinese GrammarActivitiesA：What did the waiter bring the man just now ？B：She brought him a bottle of beer.A：Did she bring his wife a bottle of beer, too ？B：No, she didnt. She brought her a cup of coffee.A：What did Maria read this morning ？B：She read English.A：Did Nancy read En
133、glish, too ？B：No, she didnt. She read Chinese.Unit 45. my fatherdrive to workmy motherby busGrammarActivitiesA：How did your father go to work last Monday ？B：He drove to work.A：Did your mother drive to work last Monday, too ？B：No, she didnt. She went to work by bus.Unit 42. I _ the classroom as soon
134、as I _ what I _. A. was leaving, finished, did B. left, finished, had to do C. left, had finished, did D. had left, finished, had done1. When _ the sports meeting ？ Last Sunday. A. had you B. do you have C. did you have D. were you haveActivity 2 Choose the best answer for each blank. GrammarActivit
135、ies3. Last night some thieves _ into my house and _ some money. A. break, stole B. was breaking, was stealing C. broke, stole D. broke, stealUnit 44. Oh, its you. I _you. Ive just had my hair cut, and I am wearing new glasses. A. didnt recognize B. hadnt recognized C. havent recognized D. dont recog
136、nized5. He _ all his money to the poor people, and from that time he _ a happy life. A. gave, led B. gives, leads C. will give, will lead D. is giving, is leadingGrammarActivitiesUnit 4Activity 3 Complete the following sentences with the right forms of the verbs. GrammarActivities1.My little daughte
137、r (draw) a picture of an elephant and (put) it up on the wall last Sunday.2. When the film (begin) ？ About ten minutes ago.3. Yesterday evening the baby (feel) awful so he (cry) and (cry) for about half an hour and finally (fall) asleep.4. To my disappointment, my mother (not buy) a nice birthday ca
138、ke on my tenth birthday.5. Who (teach) you English when you (be) in junior middle school ？ Miss Yang did.drewputdid beginfeltcriedcried felldidnt buy taught were_Unit 4Fun Time1. Game：“My Face” The teacher plays the recording of the song “Ears, Eyes, Nose and Mouth” by touching her own ears, eyes, n
139、ose and mouth. The children watch the teacher and then follow. Then the teacher sings the song and the children touch different parts of their faces according to the song. After that, the children sing the song and touch their face by themselves. Finally, the teacher divides the children into two gr
140、oups. One group sing and the other group do.Unit 4Fun TimeEars, Eyes, Nose and MouthEars, eyes, nose and mouth,Nose and mouth,Ears, eyes, nose and mouth,Nose and mouth,Ears and eyes and nose and mouth,Ears, eyes, nose and mouth,Nose and mouth.Unit 4游戏教案游戏教案* Teaching Aims 教学目标教学目标1) 利用全身反应法学习有关脸部器官的
141、英文单词。利用全身反应法学习有关脸部器官的英文单词。2) 锻炼幼儿的听做能力。锻炼幼儿的听做能力。3) 培养幼儿的身体协调能力。培养幼儿的身体协调能力。* Teaching Aids 教学准备教学准备儿歌音乐或视频。儿歌音乐或视频。* Teaching Procedures 游戏过程游戏过程1) 教师歌唱并表演儿歌教师歌唱并表演儿歌“Ears, Eyes, Nose and Mouth”，可以使用可以使用“Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes”的旋律，幼儿观察。的旋律，幼儿观察。2) 幼儿跟着教师做动作。幼儿跟着教师做动作。3) 幼儿跟着教师做动作并演唱儿歌。幼儿跟着
142、教师做动作并演唱儿歌。4) 将幼儿分为两组，一组唱儿歌，另一组根据儿歌内容做动作。将幼儿分为两组，一组唱儿歌，另一组根据儿歌内容做动作。Fun TimeUnit 42. Song：“One Man Went to Mow”One Man Went to MowFun TimeUnit 4Fun TimeUnit 43. Proverbs and sayingsGive a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you get rid of him on the weekends.授人以鱼不如授人以渔。授人以鱼不如授人以渔。Tadpoles will become only frog.蝌蚪只能变青蛙。蝌蚪只能变青蛙。( 龙生龙，凤生凤，老鼠的儿子会龙生龙，凤生凤，老鼠的儿子会打洞。打洞。)Fun Time
