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1、Unit 1 FriendshipReading必修一必修一1.Whydoyouneedfriends?Makealistofreasonswhyfriendsareimportanttoyou.ReasonsIneedfriends:tocopewithstressfulsituationsinlifetosharemyworriesandsecretsinmyinnerworldtoshowmyconcernforotherpeopletoletotherpeoplesharemyhappinesstounfoldtootherpeoplethesecretsinmyheart2.Does
2、afriendalwayshavetobeaperson?Whatelsecanbeyourfriend?No.Therearemanythings,suchasadog,acat,adictionary,acomputer,atoycar,amobilephone,aTVset3.SkimthefirstparagraphofthereadingpassagebelowandfindwhowasAnnesbestfriend.Reading methodwhenwherewhowhatwhyhowReading skills: skimmingHowtoskim:nReadthetitle.
3、nReadtheintroductionorthefirstparagraph.nReadthefirstsentenceofeveryparagraph.nReadanyheadingsandsub-headings.nNoticeanypictures,charts,orgraphs.nNoticeanyitalicizedorboldfacewordsorphrases.nReadthesummaryorlastparagraph.Anneexpressed_afterhidingforalongtime._keptAnnespellbound.Skimmingherfeelingsab
4、outnatureEverythingaboutnatureSkimthepassagefasttogetthemainideaofthediary.spellbound-meanstoconcentratewithdelightforsometime.HerdiaryKitty.WhosAnnesbestfriend? WhatdoyouknowaboutAnne?SaysomethingyouknowaboutAnne.AnneBornonJune12,1929,AnneFrankwasaGerman-Jewishteenageratthattime.Thisisaphotographof
5、measIwishlookedallthetime.ThenImightstillhaveachanceofgettingtoHollywood.Butatpresent,Imafraid,Iusuallylookquitedifferent.AnneFrank10.Oct.1942Sunday1929borninGermany1933MovedtoAmsterdamFrom1940Hiddeninabuildingfortwoyears,writingdiary1944discoveredandkilledthenextyearDiariespublishedafterthewarBackg
6、roundThisisatruestory.IttookplaceinAmsterdam,Hollandintheearly1940saftertheGermanNazishadoccupiedmostofEurope.TheNaziPartyruledGermanyfrom1933to1945.OneoftheirkeypolicieswastokillalltheJewsinEurope.IfanypersonsknowntobeJewswerefound,theywouldbesenttoconcentrationcampsfarthereast,mostlyinPoland.Famil
7、ieswereseparatedandtransportedintrains.Formanydays,theywentwithoutfood,water,sanitationorfreshair.Toavoidthisterriblefate,someJewishfamilieswentintohiding,oftenwiththehelpofnon-Jewishfriends.ThisdiarywaswrittenduringthetimewhenAnneandherfamilymovedtoescapefrombeingkilledbyNazis.JewsbeingroundedupbyN
8、azisoldiersandforcedtoleavehome.InNaziGermany,JewswererequiredtowearayellowstarofDavidontheirclothing.JewsinaconcentrationcampPolishJewsontheirwaytoaNazideathcampAmassgraveTheHolocaust（大屠杀大屠杀）In1933,theJewishpopulationofEuropestoodatoverninemillion.ManyEuropeanJewslivedincountriesthatNaziGermanywoul
9、doccupyorinfluence.By1945,nearlytwooutofeverythreeEuropeanJewshadbeenkilledaspartofthe“FinalSolution,”whichwastheNazipolicytomurderalltheJewsofEurope.Recentresearch,byProfessorYisraelGutmanandDr.RobertRozettintheEncyclopediaoftheHolocaust,estimatestheJewishdeathsat5.595.86million,andastudyheadedbyDr
10、.WolfgangBenzpresentsarangefrom5.296million.Nowobservethetextcarefullytofindout:howmanypartsitcontainswhatthedifferentpartsareaboutItcontainstwoparts.OnepartisonepageofAnnesdiary.TheotheroneisthebackgroundknowledgeaboutAnneandherdiary.Sum-upThewholetextisverysimple.Itjusttellsusastoryaboutalittlegir
11、lwhohidawaywithherfamilyinWorldWar.Whenweread,wecouldknowthesituation(情况情况),feeling(情感情感)andsufferingoftheJewish.Reading skills: skimmingThetimeofthestory(when)Theplaceofthestory(where)Theheroine(女主人公女主人公)ofthestory(who)Annesbestfriend(what)WorldWarIIAmsterdaminNetherlandsAnneherdiary-KittyReading s
12、kills: skimmingReasonsforbeinghiddenThelengthoftimetheyhidawayThedateofthediaryovertwoyearsThursday15,June,1944TheywereJewishandwouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis. Reading skills: scanningHowtoscan:Readforspecificinformationyouarelookingfor.Useheadingsandanyotheraidsthatwillhelpyouidentifywhichsectionsmi
13、ghtcontaintheinformationyouarelookingfor.Selectivelyreadandskipthroughsectionsofthepassage. 1.Annekeptadiarybecause2.Shefeltverylonelybecause3.Theyhavetohidebecause4.AnnenamedherdiaryKittybecauseA.Shecouldntmeetherfriends.B.JewswerecaughtbyNazisandkilled.C.Shecouldtelleverythingtoit.D.shewantedittob
14、eherbestfriend.ScanningDetailed Reading1.WhatisatruefriendlikeinAnnes2.opinion?InAnnesopinion,atruefriendisapersonwhomyoucantrust.Thatstosay,youcantelleverythingtothisperson.2.WhatisanordinarydiarylikeaccordingtoAnne?Whataboutherdiary?AccordingtoAnne,anordinarydiaryiswheremostpeopleliketosetdownaser
15、iesoffacts.ButAnnewrotedownherdeepestfeelingsandthoughtsinherdiary.Shetoldeverythingtoherbestfriend-herdiary.3.Whydidthewindowsstayclosed?4.HowdidAnnefeel?BecausetheyshutthewindowsinordernottobefoundandcaughtbytheNazis.Shewasafraidofbeingfoundandatthesametimewaseagertotouchtheoutsideworld.5.Whywassh
16、esocrazyaboutthingstodowithnature?Becauseshehadbeenindoorstoolong,shewassoeagertoseetheoutdoorworldthebluesky,thesingingbirds,thebeautifulflowers,thebrightmoon.6.Whydidshestayawakeonpurposeuntilverylateoneevening? 7.AbouthowlonghadAnneandherfamilybeeninthehidingplacewhenshewrotethisdiary?Fornearlytw
17、enty-fivemonths.ThefamilywentintohidingearlyJuly1942.Onthe15thJune1944Annewrotethisdiaryentry.Becauseshewantedtohaveagoodlookatthebrightmoon.8.HowdidAnnefeelaboutnaturebeforesheandherfamilyhidaway?Beforesheandherfamilyhidaway,shedidntpaymuchattentiontonaturebecauseitneverattractedherattention.Butnow
18、sinceshewashidden,ithaschangedmuchtoher.TimeNatureFeelingBeforehidingAfterhiding bluesky,songsofbirds,moonlight,flowersNever felt spellbounddarkness,rain,wind,thunderingcloudsGrew crazy 9.Readparagraph3-4carefullyandfillintheformbelow.10.WhatdidAnnefeelwhenshewaslookingoutatthenightsky?Shefeltsoexci
19、ted,eager,earnest,anxious,sad,lonely11.WhydidAnneno longerjustlikelookingatnatureoutofthewindow?Shedidntwanttobea“prisoner”inthehidingplaceanylonger.Shewantedtoliveanormallifeagain.1.AnneFrankandherfamilyhidawayfor_.A.overayearB.overtwoyearsC.threeyearsC.oneyearandahalfChoose the correct answers.B2.
20、AccordingtoAnne,atruefriendisaperson_.A.thatwouldlaughatyouB.whomakesyouhappyC.whomyoucantrustD.whocouldsaveyourlifeC3.Annesaidthatshehadgrowncrazyaboutnaturebecause_.A.shehadinterestinnatureB.shehadalwaysbeensoC.shehadbeenoutdoorsD.shehadbeenindoorstoolongD4.Shedidntdareopenthewindowwhenthemoonwasb
21、right.Thatsbecause_.A.theymightbediscoveredB.herfamilymightbedisturbedC.itwasverycoldD.athiefmightgetintotheroomAAnnesfeelingsasshewaslookingoutatthenightskyeagerexcitedanxioussadlonelyearnestcrazycalmGroupdiscussionHowwillyoufeel?Howwillyouspendthe3months?Whatwouldyoumissmost?Why?Supposeyouhavetost
22、ayindoorstohideyourselvesfor3months.Duringthethreemonths,youwillbeofferedthebasicfood,waterandclothes.Buttherewillbenocomputer,telephone,TVorradioathome.Ilivedin_inthe_during_.Myfamilywere_,sowehadto_forayearandahalfinorder_bytheGermanNazis.DuringthattimeIwasntabletogo_forsolongthatIhad_abouteveryth
23、ingto_nature.Once,Idecidedtolookatthemoon_bymyself.RetellingAmsterdamNetherlandsWorldWarIIhideawayJewishnottobecaughtoutdoorsgrownsocrazydowithatmidnightButIdidnt_openthewindowtoseethenight_becauseIwasafraidofbeingdiscoveredbytheNazis.Ifeltvery_withoutseeingmyoldfriends.SoIhadtomakeanewfriend_,whomI
24、couldtell_to.Sadly,atlastmyfamilywasdiscoveredandcaughtby_sometimelater.lonelymydiary-KittyeverythingtheGermanNazisdaretofacetoface1.gothrough经历经历,经受经受Thecountryhasgone throughtoomanywars.Idliketohaveyougo throughthebook.Motherwent throughthedrawerlookingforthesweater.经历经历浏览浏览仔细查看仔细查看Theywereafraida
25、ndhidaway.Thethiefhidawayinafriendshouse.Shehidhermoneyaway.2.hide:hid,hid/hiddenhideaway躲藏躲藏,隐匿隐匿hideaway+地点状语地点状语hide+宾语宾语+awayhideaway+宾语宾语3.setdown放下放下;记下记下;登记登记Whydontyousetyourideasdownonpaper?你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢?Iwillsetdownthestoryasitwastoldtome.我要把这听来的故事原原本本地记下来。我要把这听来的故事原原本本地记下来。
26、Isetdowneverythingthathappenedthen.Youshouldsetdownthekeylanguagepointsinyournotebook.setsbdown让让叫叫下车下车setdownas把把看作看作setdownto把把归因于归因于e.g.Isetthemandownasasalesman.Hesetdownhisfailuretohispoorhealth.setabout(doing)sth着手干某事着手干某事e.g.Theysetaboutmakingpreparationsfortheparty.setback使后退使后退(延迟延迟),拨回拨回(慢
27、慢)setforward提出提出,拨快拨快(表钟表钟),促进促进e.g.Pleasesetbackyourwatchanhour.setoff动身动身,出发出发,引爆引爆setout出发出发,着手干着手干(todo),陈诉陈诉e.g.:Theysetoff/outatdawnandarrivedthereatabout10:00am.Thelittleboydarednotsetoffthefireworks.setin开始开始(并将延续下去并将延续下去)Therainyseasonhassetin.雨季已经开始了。雨季已经开始了。setforth阐明阐明,称述称述Thereasonformy
28、decisionaresetforth.做出这项决定的理由我已经阐明了。做出这项决定的理由我已经阐明了。setup创建创建,建立建立Thegovernmenthassetupacommitteetoinquireintotheproblem.政府成立了一个委员会调查这个问题。政府成立了一个委员会调查这个问题。4.series(单复同形单复同形)Thereisatelevisionseriesonthischanneleverynight.aseriesofgoodharvests/questionsaseriesof+n(pl)一连串的一连串的;一系列一系列;一套一套atelevisionse
29、ries:电视连续剧电视连续剧Therehasbeenaseriesofcaraccidentsatthecrossing.Hesawaseriesofwhitearrowspaintedontheroad.他看见马路上画有一连串的白色箭头。他看见马路上画有一连串的白色箭头。Theresbeenawholeseriesofaccidentsonthisstretchofroadrecently.近来在这一路段发生了一连串事故。近来在这一路段发生了一连串事故。5.IwonderifitsbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatIvegrown
30、socrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门我不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。事物都无比狂热。1)Iwonderif 我不知是否我不知是否e.g.Iwonderifyoucanhelpmerepairmybike.itsbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthat是强调句。是强调句。强调句的构成强调句的构成:Itis/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时被强调部分是人时,可
31、用可用who替代替代that)ItwasintheclubthatIcameacrossthemtwodaysago.ItwastwodaysagothatIcameacrossthemintheclub.被强调部分也可以是从句。被强调部分也可以是从句。e.g.Hewentbacktohishometownwhenthewarwasover.Itwaswhenthewarwasoverthathewentbacktohishometown.wonderv.(wondered,wondered,wondering)纳闷纳闷;想知道想知道;觉得奇怪觉得奇怪;不明白不明白Iwonderatherru
32、deness.Iwonderwhetheryoulikeher.Wewonderthatthelittleboyisauniversitystudent.名词名词(pl.wonders)惊奇惊奇;惊异惊异;惊叹惊叹Therewasalookofwonderinhiseyes.2)outdoorsadv.在户外；在野外在户外；在野外Childrenusuallypreferplayingoutdoors.Ilovetobeinthegreatoutdoors.反义词反义词:indoors户外户外,野外野外outdooradj.户外的户外的,野外的野外的(置于名词前置于名词前)e.g.anoutd
33、oorsport/game户外运动户外运动indoora.屋内的，室内的屋内的，室内的(置于置于n之前之前)e.g.indoorflowers室内花卉室内花卉3)Itsbecause因为因为because引导的从句充当表语引导的从句充当表语,此时不能此时不能用用since,as,for来替换。来替换。e.g.-Whydidntyouphonemelastnight?-ItsbecauseIdidntwanttodisturbyou.4)grow/becrazyabout热衷于热衷于迷恋迷恋e.g.Theboyiscrazyaboutskating.becrazytodosth5)dowithe
34、.g.Herjobistodowithcomputers.与与有关有关处理处理,对付对付e.g.Themanisdifficulttodowith.havesomethingtodowith与与有些关系有些关系havenothingtodowith与与没有关系没有关系havealottodowith与与有很大关系有很大关系6.stayawake1)stay使使保持某种状态保持某种状态Istayedawakethroughthestormynight.Hestayedsingleallhislife.Theweatherstayedhot.Stayseated!2)awake醒着的醒着的他睡着还
35、是醒着他睡着还是醒着?Isheawakeorasleep?awake为表语形容词为表语形容词,不做定语。类似词不做定语。类似词有有:afraid,alive,alone,asleep,etc.7.onpurpose故意故意Theyhavecomehereonpurposetoseeyou他们特意来看望你。他们特意来看望你。Shebrokethevaseonpurpose她故意把花瓶打碎。她故意把花瓶打碎。purposen.目的目的,意图意图carryoutthepurpose实现目标实现目标coveronestruepurpose掩盖真实意图掩盖真实意图fitsbspurpose符合某人的意图
36、符合某人的意图Willthisanswerfityourpurpose?这个答案符合你的意图吗这个答案符合你的意图吗?8.inorderto为了为了(做什么事做什么事)Heworksveryhardinordertosupport hisfamily.他努力工作是为了养家糊口。他努力工作是为了养家糊口。Hegotupveryearlyinordertocatch thefirstbus.他起的很早是为了赶上头班车。他起的很早是为了赶上头班车。9.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididntdareopenawindow.1)far常与常与too或形容词连用或形容
37、词连用,意思是相当地意思是相当地,得多得多toomuch不可数名词不可数名词“太多太多”toomany可数名词可数名词e.g.Youhavewastedtoomuchtime.Youhavegivenmetoomuch.Theschoolbagisheavy.Ihaveputtoomanybooksinit.Thedressis_longforme.Thereisverylittleroominthehousebecauseithasfar_furniture.Its_hot.Ihave_homeworktodo,soIhavenotimetogothere.muchtoomuchtootoo
38、muchtoomuchmuchtooadj /adv“实在太实在太”e.g.Yourskirtismuchtoosmall.Heranmuchtoofast.Hedarestodomostthings.Hedaredtodothatandsomethingevenworse.2)darev.敢敢,敢于敢于具有情态动词和一般动词两种用法。具有情态动词和一般动词两种用法。在肯定句中的在肯定句中的dare,dares,dared之之后后,不定式一般加不定式一般加to。在否定句中和疑问句中的在否定句中和疑问句中的dare之后之后,不定式一般不加不定式一般不加to。Wecouldseehedaredno
39、ttellthetruth.Shedarenotgohomenow.Dareshetellthemwhatsheknows?Howdareyousayso?在用在用do或或does构成的否定句和疑问构成的否定句和疑问句中句中,理论上虽然应当有理论上虽然应当有to,实际实际使用却经常把使用却经常把to省略。省略。Wedidnotdare(to)tellhimthathehadfailedagainthistime.Doeshedare(to)gooutatnightinsuchstormyweather?10.atdusk黄昏黄昏,傍晚傍晚Thestreetlightsgoonatdusk.街灯
40、在黄昏时分亮起来。街灯在黄昏时分亮起来。11.thundern.雷雷;雷声雷声thunderandlightningvi.打雷打雷;雷鸣雷鸣Theskygrewdarkanditstartedtothunder.12.Entirelyadv.完全地完全地;全然地全然地;整个地整个地Iadmititwasentirelymyfault.Thecompanyisrunalmostentirelybymiddle-agedmen.Imnotentirelyhappywiththatidea.我对那个主意并非十分满意。我对那个主意并非十分满意。1)(人的人的)能力能力,精力精力,力量力量doevery
41、thinginonespowertohelp尽力帮助尽力帮助outof/beyondonespower能力所不及能力所不及Knowledgeispower.2)权利权利,权限权限thepowerofthelaw(法律法律)comeintopower握权握权inpower当权当权,执政执政13.powern.3)体力体力,智力智力,精力精力Hispowersarefalling.他的体力正在衰退中。他的体力正在衰退中。amanofvariedpowers多才多艺的人多才多艺的人14.It/Thisisthefirst/secondtimethat+主语主语+have/hasdone.It/Thi
42、swasthefirst/second/thirdtimethat+主语主语+haddone.意为意为“某人第几次做某事某人第几次做某事”ItisthesecondtimethatTom_toBeijing.ItwasthethirdtimethatI_thesuperstar.Imnotfamiliarwiththetown.ItisthefirsttimethatI_.Hetoldmeitwasthefourthtimethathe_.(犯同样的错误犯同样的错误)havecomeherehadmadethesamemistakehasbeenhadseene.g.Wearetalkingf
43、acetoface.Wehaveaface-to-faceinterview.handinhandsidebysidearminarmstepbysteponebyone手拉手地手拉手地并排地并排地臂挽臂地臂挽臂地逐步地逐步地一个一个地一个一个地15.facetoface面对面地面对面地(在句中作状语在句中作状语)face-to-facea. 面对面的面对面的(作定语作定语)类似的还有类似的还有:hearttoheart坦诚地坦诚地shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地肩并肩地backtoback背对背地背对背地Shestood_(面对面地面对面地)withhim.Wehad_(面对面的
44、交谈面对面的交谈).facetofaceaface-to-facetalkThatnighttheytalked_(坦诚地坦诚地)witheachother.hearttoheart1.Readthetextagainandreviewthemeaningandusageofthekeywordsandphrases:do sth. on purpose, in order to, face to face, hide away, set down, a series of, go through, dare, holdin ones power, no longer2.Retellthestoryyourselfinthefirstperson.Homework
