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1、A hydrogenvision forthe UK How the evolution of a UK-wide hydrogen network can unlock economic growth, provide consumer choice and bolster energy securityApril 2023The voice of the networksContributing Partners The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKOver the next 27 years all homes
2、, businesses and industries must move away from the unabated fossil fuels that currently meet most of our energy demands to clean alternatives like renewables, nuclear and hydrogen.This transition to clean energy will require significant change. Some of these changes, like building new offshore wind
3、 farms, may go unnoticed by consumers. Other changes will require us to adjust our behaviour; for example, shifting to electric vehicles, replacing industrial fossil fuel equipment and exchanging the natural gas boilers that heat our homes and businesses today for low carbon alternatives. The scale
4、and pace of this change will eclipse anything seen in the sector before.We will need a range of low carbon technologies to decarbonise our energy system. Hydrogen could play a critical part of this story, projected to provide between 20-35% of our energy demand by 2050,1 delivering our climate and s
5、ecurity goals in a way that ensures the energy we need is affordable. This means a need for renewables, nuclear, biofuels and energy efficiency, as well as other emerging technologies such as carbon capture and storage and batteries. But without hydrogen in the mix, there can be no Net Zero. Buildin
6、g our greener future will require innovation, investment and rapid infrastructure development. Yet against such challenge, there is opportunity. Aclean energy system with energy security and affordability at its heart will benefit companies, communities and consumers alike. With the right commitment
7、 to change, and the right policy and regulatory framework in place, we can use this transformation to deliver economic growth, jobs and a cleaner, greener world that will be good for the UK today and for the generations that follow tomorrow.It will need new infrastructure. We will need to repurpose
8、todays pipes to safely and reliably move the hydrogen we need around. We will also need new facilitiesto store hydrogen between when it is produced in summer to when it is needed in winter. And we will also need new appliances in industry, business and homes to turn the hydrogen into useable energy.
9、 The gas networks in GB and Northern Ireland are committed to playing a leading role in delivering this. GB network operators stand ready to invest 6.8bn2 by the end of the decade in hydrogen-focused projects, whilst deliveringon the core role of safely and reliably moving energy around the country
10、from where it is produced to where it is used. This report is a vision for how to do just that,showing how the infrastructure we have today can evolve from one based on the supply of fossil fuels to one providing the backbone of a clean hydrogen system.This decade is critical; we must move from talk
11、ing about change to delivering it. The ambitious government hydrogen targets across the UK will only be met with clarity, focus and partnership. The gas networks are ready to play their part in the UKs energy future. They have a plan, know what is needed to deliver it and are taking the necessary st
12、eps to do just that.Lawrence Slade FEIChief ExecutiveLawrence Slade FEIChief ExecutiveEnergy Networks Association1. https:/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1011283/UK-Hydrogen-Strategy_web.pdf2. https:/www.energynetworks.org/industry-hub/resourc
13、e-library/gas-goes-green-innovation-impacts.pdfForewordEnergy touches every part of our economy and we are on the brink of a major transformation in how we both produce and use it.03April 2023Our five pledges1. Play a lead role in delivering against the UKs hydrogen ambitions 2. Conduct further rese
14、arch and testing in an open and transparent manner 3. Engage with consumers across our networks on delivering Net Zero Steve FraserChief Executive OfficerCadent GasPaddy LarkinChief Executive OfficerMutual EnergyJon ButterworthChief Executive OfficerNational GasMark Wild OBEChief Executive OfficerSG
15、N04 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKMore detail on these pledges can be found on p.25 3. Engage with consumers across our networks on delivering Net Zero 4. Work collaboratively with all stakeholders across the sector using a whole systems approach5. Invest in both developin
16、g a skilled workforce for the future and a UK supply chain Mark HorsleyChief Executive OfficerNorthern Gas NetworksGraham Edwards OBEChief Executive OfficerWales & West Utilities05April 2023CONSUMERNET ZEROECONOMYA hydrogen visionfor the futureOur shared vision is one where hydrogen will have a cruc
17、ial role to play, alongside other technologies, in the energy system of the future. It will offer consumers choice when it comes to decarbonisation and can deliver significant economic value for communities across the UK.ConsumerDelivering for the wants and needs of consumers, whether they be indust
18、rial, commercial or residential; complementing other technologies by offering a decarbonisation route which may be cheaper and less disruptive for some.Net ZeroTransforming our network to deliver Net Zero energy for the UK, tackling climate change and improving air quality.EconomySupporting a just t
19、ransition to clean energy with jobs, economic value and energy security; growing the UKs domestic hydrogen economy whilst delivering wider benefits to communities across the country.06 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKHydrogen is essentialfor Net Zero“Our analysis has demonst
20、rated multiple pathways to Net Zero inthe UK. In all of them, its clear we will need alot of clean hydrogen.”CHRIS STARK CEO, CLIMATE CHANGE COMMITTEE (CCC) EXTRACT FROM COMMENTS MADE BY CHRIS ON AN IGEM-HOSTED TOUR OF UK HYDROGEN PROJECTSToday, in 2023, the UK (and the world) is largely dependent o
21、n fossil fuels for power, transport, industrial processes and our food system, as well as for heating homes, businesses and public sector buildings like schools andhospitals. Politicians and the public are united in the ambition to achieve Net Zero by2050, though the precise path to reach this is no
22、t yetknown. Whilst we may not be able to say how much of each low carbon technology we will need, it is clear that hydrogen is anessential part of the future low carbon energy system in 2050, here in the UK and across the world. Put simply, without hydrogen, there will be no Net Zero.PowerClean rene
23、wables will provide the backbone of our future electricity system. Clean sources of back-up power and energy storage will complement these assets to ensure the lights stay on when the sun isnt shining or the wind isnt blowing. Hydrogen will be one of these clean back-up sources.Domestic heatTechnolo
24、gies like heat pumps and heat networks have a major role in decarbonising our heat and hot water, however hydrogen is likely to be the best solution for some consumers, depending on where they live, the characteristics of their home and how they use heat.TransportElectric vehicles will be dominant i
25、n personal cars, van fleets and some trains and trucks, however hydrogen-powered vehicles will be required to fulfill heavy-duty transport needs, such as ships and planes. It will also be needed to fuel some lorries, coaches and longer bus routes, as well as emergency and construction vehicles, and
26、agricultural machinery.IndustryMany industries, including those that make the chemicals, steel and household goods we all rely on, will need the high temperature process heat that low carbon hydrogen will supply. This will be critical to decarbonising these industries and keeping jobs in the UK.07Ap
27、ril 2023Gas networks are using the tools we are responsible for to deliver this vision for consumers. Without gas pipeline infrastructure, we risk increasing the cost of the transition to clean energy, forcing industry and businesses to relocate and undermining public support for Net Zero.This is wh
28、y the UKs gas networks have been working together on a plan for readying the existing networks to deliver Net Zero in the most cost-effective and least disruptive way possible - a blueprint through which our gas networks can meet the challenges and opportunities of climate change.Hydrogen can offer
29、a lower total cost of decarbonisation, provide choice and keep UK businesses competitive.ENA work has already demonstrated a balanced decarbonisation solution that includes a significant role for hydrogen transformation, alongside biogases and electrification. There is good evidence to suggest that
30、this balanced approach is the most cost-effective way to decarbonise, producing an estimated saving of around 13bn a year by 2050 in GB alone.3A 2050 energy system with hydrogen will make use of the UK-wide underground pipe network built and paid for by consumers over decades - reducing the need for
31、 new, above ground infrastructure which could be disruptive for the communities that would live around it.Thousands of businesses and industrial sites across the UK are looking for a low carbon gas to meet their carbon reduction requirements and remain economically competitive. Many companies are al
32、ready working with gas networks today to introduce hydrogen into their manufacturing processes.Other low carbon gases such as biomethane will also play important roles alongside hydrogen. We will be evaluating the interplay between hydrogen and biomethane in future work.3. ENA, Gas Decarbonisation P
33、athways, https:/www.energynetworks.org/assets/images/Resource%20library/ENA%20Gas%20decarbonisation%20Pathways%202050%20FINAL.pdfHydrogen can get the best use out of our existing infrastructure“Hydrogen transport and storage infrastructure will be a critical enabler to meet Governments ambition for
34、10 GW of hydrogen production by2030.”JANE TOOGOOD UK HYDROGEN CHAMPION EXTRACT FROM HER MARCH 2023 REPORT ACCELERATING THE GROWTH OF THE HYDROGEN SECTOR: UK HYDROGEN CHAMPION RECOMMENDATIONS08 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UK4. ENA, Britains Hydrogen Network Plan, https:/www
35、.energynetworks.org/industry-hub/resource-library/britains-hydrogen-network-plan.pdfHydrogen unlocks multiple benefits for the end consumerFull UK decarbonisationThere will be no Net Zero without hydrogen. Modelling from UK Government, National Grid and the CCC all show consumers will need hydrogen
36、in the future Net Zero energy system. Lower Net Zero costENA analysis has shown that a mix of low carbon heating solutions could save consumers as much as 13bn a year by 2050 in the UK, compared to an all-electrification scenario.Consumer choiceThere are a range of technologies which can help consum
37、ers to decarbonise. There are scenarios where hydrogen may well be cheaper and less disruptive for some. Hydrogen enables consumer choice.Jobs and skillsProtecting and creating jobs in the gas sector and wider economy, with potential tocreate 221,000 jobs by 2050.4Growth opportunityThe UK hydrogen e
38、conomy will need homegrown supply chains, providing new, skilled jobs and new areas of manufacturing that can export toconsumers in a multi-trillion pound globalhydrogen market.Increased energy securityHydrogen can be produced, stored and used flexibly. Excess renewable energy can produce hydrogen,
39、providing energy storage and back-up power generation, giving consumers confidence in the security of their energy supply.Reliance and resilienceA diverse energy system is more resilient. Gas networks offer 99.999% supply reliability, with consumers experiencing unplanned supply interruptions, on av
40、erage, only once in every 140 years.09April 2023Through engagement with consumers across our networks, ithas become increasingly clear that moving hydrogen through the gas network is not just required for decarbonisation and cost-effectiveness but is a major opportunity for growing the UKeconomy and
41、 delivering a just transition to clean energy.The gas networks in GB alone stand ready to invest 6.8bn in hydrogen-focused projects by 2031/32.5 Hydrogen UK estimates investment in the wider hydrogen supply chain could deliver 18bn economic value and create 75,000 jobs,6 and specifically, within the
42、 gas networks, investment is expected to deliver 13,337 jobs (a 33% increase on the current 40,000 strong workforce), with a further 11,486 created in the wider supply chain by 2031/32.Through this investment, and further action up to 2050, the gas networks will be the backbone of the UK hydrogen ec
43、onomy: l Providing clean fuel with low or no carbon emissions to key industries, manufacturers, ports, schools, hospitals and agriculture.l Protecting and creating jobs in the gas sector and wider economy, with potential to create 221,000 jobs by 2050.7 l Boosting export potential for UK hydrogen co
44、mpanies to sellintoa future multi-trillion pound market.Maximising opportunities for economic growth, energy security, and supporting cost-effective consumer bills and decarbonisation will require a joint-endeavour between industry and the Government.As the maps in this report illustrate, the gas ne
45、tworks will invest toensure we are ready for whatever role is required of us. However, this will require policy and political signals from Westminster, as well as local government, in order to continue toprogress at pace.5. ENA, Net Zero Innovation Impacts, https:/www.energynetworks.org/industry-hub
46、/resource-library/gas-goes-green-innovation-impacts.pdf 6. Economic Impact Assessment, Hydrogen Taskforce, Economic value number is gross value added.7. ENA, Britains Hydrogen Network Plan, https:/www.energynetworks.org/industry-hub/resource-library/britains-hydrogen-network-plan.pdf“Hydrogen presen
47、ts a significant economic opportunity for the UK and could transform ourNorth Sea energy industry and industrial heartlands.”CHRIS SKIDMORE CHAIR OF THE INDEPENDENT GOVERNMENT REVIEW ON NET ZERO EXTRACT FROM THE MISSION ZERO: INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF NET ZEROHydrogen can be a unique UK economic growth
48、storyGovernmentWill set the strategy and frameworks to unlock investmentThe joint endeavorOutcomeIndustryWill provide the capital and delivery expertiseMaximum benefits to UK economic growth and cost-effective consumer bills10 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKNONEEMEANTWMNWWN
49、WSSWSOSCSENIAndrexReplacing natural gas with hydrogen to power their toilet paper factoryWrightbusGreen hydrogen production project in Ballymena to power hydrogen buses in Northern IrelandDistilleriesHarnessing hydrogen to provide heat for distillationQuorn Using hydrogen to decarbonise food product
50、ion operationsFelixstowe Port 100 MW electrolytic hydrogen facility to decarbonise the UKs busiest portTate & LyleExploring the use of hydrogen to decarbonise the sugar refinery processLanzatechs Project DRAGON A commercial-scale facility to transform waste gases into sustainable jet fuel RWE Pembro
51、ke Net Zero Centre 100-300 MW electrolytic hydrogen facility with opportunity to support GW-scale Floating Offshore Wind (FLOW) in the Celtic SeaAirbusZero Emission Development Centre for hydrogen technologies 11April 2023The UKs gas network consists of over 280,000 km of pipes; enough to travel aro
52、und the world seven times. Around 75% of the gas distribution pipelines have been replaced under the Iron Mains Risk Reduction Programme a scheme which will see a total investment of 28bn.8 As a result, the gas networks already stand in a strong position to transition to new, low carbon gases.New po
53、licy announcements are accelerating the development of the hydrogen economy in order to increase system resilience, and prepare for rapid scale up in the 2030s in line with the Hydrogen Strategy and Sixth Carbon Budget. Government targets for offshore wind will see a huge increase in fixed and float
54、ing offshore wind around our coasts. There will be times when the electricity generated from our wind resources outstrips demand. Wind developers understand that green hydrogen production is an opportunity to avoid curtailment, which cost UK consumers over 500m in 2022 from onshore windfarms alone.
55、This is why SGN is conducting a study to assess the potential volume of green hydrogen production in Scotland from existing curtailed renewable energy developments and from planned assets.Similarly, developers of new nuclear at gigawatt and small modular scale are exploring how to integrate hydrogen
56、 into their sites, where heat from nuclear plants offers high efficiency production. As Mission Zero stated: “nuclear stations also produce very large volumes of low cost, low carbon heat. Historically this heat has not been utilised in the UK. But in the Net Zero context, there are a range of futur
57、e opportunities to take advantage of it, through for example improving the efficiency of hydrogen production”.9 As a result, the Governments commitment to scale up the UKs nuclear fleet provides additional opportunity for hydrogen production.Due to the extensive capacity of the UKs gas networks, gre
58、ater levels of investment into new renewable projects could be unlocked if producers have access to pipelines to carry their hydrogen to a consumer. As a result, networks are commonly seen as enabling partners in new energy and industrial decarbonisation projects across the UK.For the first time, Br
59、itains gas networks have come together, alongside Mutual Energy from Northern Ireland, to show the opportunity to develop a UK-wide hydrogen economy between 2030 and 2050.We have developed a series of maps, outlined in subsequent pages of this report, depicting a plausible vision for the rollout of
60、hydrogen and the infrastructure to support it. In 5-year increments, the maps show what a gradual shift to a hydrogen-based network could look like. They show where pipes are being repurposed to keep transition costs down for consumers, supported by strategic newbuild infrastructure. These maps are
61、rooted in robust modelling, completed in 2021, which weve collaborated with the UK Government to develop. This is known as the Common Future End States (or “CFES”) modelling. The scenario reflected in these maps is the “H5” scenario from this modelling, which is an ambitious yet realistic scenario f
62、or the role hydrogen could play in the energy system of the future. We have collaborated with Mutual Energy in Northern Ireland to supplement this modelling with plausible estimates for the rollout of hydrogen inNorthern Ireland as well.10The maps are based on:l 354 TWh of hydrogen in the 2050 energ
63、y system, which is approximately half of current UK natural gas demand for heating and is broadly aligned with projected demand in the Climate Change Committees “Headwinds” and National Grids “System Transformation” scenarios.l 17m homes supplied by hydrogen and 14m by electric alternatives in 2050
64、(these figures also reflect housing stock growth in this period).l 50 TWh of hydrogen storage delivered by 2050, which is roughly five times the current natural gas storage capacity in the UK.Mapping out the potential8. Hydrogen UK, Hydrogen Networks, https:/hydrogen-uk.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/0
65、2/HUK_Recommendations-for-the-Acceleration-of-Hydrogen-Networks_online-Jan23.pdf 9. Mission Zero, https:/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1128689/mission-zero-independent-review.pdf10. Estimates for the percentage of connections to the hydrogen
66、network in Northern Ireland have been extrapolated from data in a report produced by Guidehouse in 2021 for the five gas networks in Northern Ireland12 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKSince 2021 there has been an increase in ambition from UK government in relation to hydroge
67、n which we have sought to factor into the maps, using our knowledge of activity on the ground to reflect this in the maps. This includes:Given the scale of the network both today and in future, the maps show only repurposed and new transmission pipelines. It is important to note that the distributio
68、n network transporting our gas under the streets and roads of our villages, towns and cities is also being repurposed where necessary to underpin this transition. This will happen alongside the work on the transmission network indicated on the maps.As we deliver the hydrogen network indicated on the
69、 maps, the remainder of the network will continue to transport natural gas safely and reliably to those who rely on it. The volume of natural gas we use will decline over time as consumers convert to clean alternatives such as low carbon electricity and hydrogen. As a result, and as the maps show, b
70、y 2050 the volume of energy transported by the gas network transports will be significant, but less than today.Alongside the maps of pipeline infrastructure, we have also indicated where we expect to see likely sites for hydrogen production, carbon capture and storage facilities, hydrogen storage an
71、d hydrogen used in a number of transport applications (aviation, rural trains and hydrogen refueling stations). Long term, there may well also be significant economic opportunity from hydrogen export, which we have indicated on the maps. Networks are engaging now with electrolytic and CCUS-enabled h
72、ydrogen production developers to assess their needs and ensure they are ready to play a supporting role in getting projects off the ground.As the maps illustrate, the gas networks will enable nationwide production and use of hydrogen across the UK to:l Unlock the full range of economic benefits it o
73、ffers in each part of the country.l Provide choice, flexibility and resilience to Government, local authorities, and consumers to assist in the development of their growth and decarbonisation strategies. Full details of the data which underpins the maps can be found in the appendix.Large scale blue
74、hydrogen production projects underway in the North West and North East enabled by the UKs first Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) clustersSmall scale green hydrogen projects across the country supported by the Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation, the 240m Net Zero Hydrogen Fund, and 90m
75、 Green Hydrogen Fund in ScotlandThe H100 Fife project in Scotland which will connect 300 homes to the UKs first 100% hydrogen network in 2025Preparations for a hydrogen village trial in either Redcar in Teesside or Whitby in the North West. Thetrial will see 100% hydrogen used in existing pipelines,
76、 and by existing residential and commercial consumers from 202513April 2023NONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIENERGY TARGETSUK Government: 10 GW of low carbon hydrogen production (with at least 5 GW of this from electrolytic production)Scottish Govt: 5 GW hydrogen production50 GW offshore windFour CCUS Ind
77、ustrial ClustersHydrogen Town, following delivery of a Hydrogen VillageHOW WILL THE CONSUMER BENEFIT?Hydrogen will be available for consumers in industrial clusters, with co-located supply and demand that will be supported by local dedicated private networks and storageIn these areas, businesses are
78、 able to benefit from first-mover status in the pioneering of hydrogen-powered products TECHNICAL DETAILOnly a small number of natural gas connections have converted to hydrogen, largely industrialLarge parts of the national transmission system are converted to transport 100% hydrogen to early indus
79、trial fuel switchers and power generators. New and re-purposed sections of this network will deliver a hydrogen backbone infrastructure on a national level, linking hydrogen production with demand via downstream hydrogen ready gas networks In Northern Ireland, a relatively small corridor of pipeline
80、 infrastructure can connect electrolysis production sites at potential offshore wind grid connection locations, current thermal power stations, salt cavern storage sites and the existing gas transmission systemHydrogen storage in salt caverns and depleted oil and gas wells will come onstream in the
81、early 2030s2030Mapping out the potentialDemand volumes are predicted and pipelines are a visual representation of potential geographic locations. Pipeline developments New and repurposed National Transmission System pipes New and repurposed Local Transmission System pipesNew third party pipesPercent
82、age of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-8014 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKNONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENICSMapping out the potentialDEMANDEarly hydrogen demand driven by industrial clusters and Freeport development. Early residential a
83、nd commercial demand around hydrogen Town projects startsCARBON CAPTURE & STORAGEThe first facilities will be operational around Morecambe Bay, the North-East of England and near AberdeenBLUE HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONIndustrial cluster demand underpins development of blue hydrogen production in places lik
84、e Pembrokeshire, Ellesmere Port, the Humber, Bacton, Teesside andScotlandGREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONEfforts to decarbonise the power sector see increased green hydrogen production across the countrySTORAGEThe first hydrogen storage facilities are operational, largely located near industrial clusters i
85、n the North-West, the Humber andTeessideHYDROGEN FOR TRANSPORTAirports such as Manchester, Liverpool and Bristol begin using hydrogen to decarbonise some operations. Transport hubs in places like Warrington emergePercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-
86、80Carbon Capture and StorageBlue hydrogen productionGreen hydrogen productionPink hydrogen productionHydrogen storageHydrogen refuelling stationTrains running on hydrogenAirports using hydrogen asaviation fuelHydrogen exportsInfrastructure is a visual representation of potential geographic locations
87、15April 2023NONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIENERGY TARGETSFull decarbonisation of the power sectorNational emissions will be reduced by 78% versus 1990 levels, in line with the Sixth Carbon Budget, including emissions from shipping and aviationHOW WILL THE CONSUMER BENEFIT?The delivery of a national bac
88、kbone linking supply to demand network conversion will mean hydrogen is available to a broader range of consumers, including households and power generatorsA focus on repurposing the existing assets will reduce the costs of transitioning from natural gas to hydrogen for consumersThe first consumers
89、in Northern Ireland are able to access hydrogenTECHNICAL DETAILBetween 10 -20% of natural gas connections have converted to hydrogen, with growth in domestic and commercial connectionsThe backbone of infrastructure connects into hydrogen production and storage assets, serving demand from power stati
90、ons, industrial consumers and thegasdistribution networks Converted pipelines will enable future hydrogen flows across interconnectors between Great Britain and Europe, for example at Bacton or from the Scottish Coast Production scales across the country, spreading from industrial clusters as blue a
91、nd green production increases in those areas Green hydrogen production from dedicated or curtailed renewable energy will become more widespread as the deployment of renewables continues to increaseAs the global hydrogen economy develops, imports of hydrogen could come into the country by the mid-203
92、0s2035Mapping out the potentialDemand volumes are predicted and pipelines are a visual representation of potential geographic locations. Pipeline developments New and repurposed National Transmission System pipes New and repurposed Local Transmission System pipesNew third party pipesPercentage of co
93、nsumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-8016 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKNONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIDEMANDAs we see more industrial demand, residential and commercial demand also grows as hydrogen increasingly decarbonises heat, alongside
94、heat pumps and heat networksCARBON CAPTURE & STORAGEAs more carbon is captured in industry, blue hydrogen production and the power system, new CCUS facilities are built off the East CoastBLUE HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONBlue hydrogen production increases materially to over 70 TWh a year, including in places
95、such as Cumbria, Southampton and the West MidlandsGREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONThe UK power system is now decarbonised with as much as 36 TWh green hydrogen produced from wind (offshore and onshore) and solarSTORAGEHydrogen storage expands, with new facilities in Northern Ireland and the repurposing of
96、Centricas Rough facilityHYDROGEN FOR TRANSPORTHydrogen refuelling facilities become increasingly available at major transport hubs down the spine of the country and at key locations such as ports like HolyheadCarbon Capture and StorageBlue hydrogen productionGreen hydrogen productionPink hydrogen pr
97、oductionHydrogen storageHydrogen refuelling stationTrains running on hydrogenAirports using hydrogen asaviation fuelHydrogen exportsPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-80Infrastructure is a visual representation of potential geographic locations17Ap
98、ril 2023NONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIENERGY TARGETSUK becomes a net energy exporterHOW WILL THE CONSUMER BENEFIT?Consumers beyond industrial clusters and urban areas will be able to switch to hydrogen if they chooseHydrogen export potential in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, due to onshore and
99、offshore wind potential, begins to be realised - creating additional economic opportunitiesIn areas of high electrification, where there is little demand for piped natural gas or hydrogen, parts of the network could be mothballed or decommissionedTECHNICAL DETAILAlthough some consumers remain using
100、natural gas, between 30-40% of connections to our network are now using hydrogenThe map shows increasing connection between the hydrogen centres that developed in the 2030sIn some areas this will require new local transmission pipelines to be built and connected to others providing local transmissio
101、n backbones, notably in Scotland and Wales.As hydrogen production outstrips local demand, the national hydrogen backbone will allow hydrogen to flow to the rest of the UK, the island of Ireland and other European markets 2040Mapping out the potentialDemand volumes are predicted and pipelines are a v
102、isual representation of potential geographic locations. Pipeline developments New and repurposed National Transmission System pipes New and repurposed Local Transmission System pipesNew third party pipesPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-8018 The v
103、oice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKNONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIDEMANDResidential and commercial conversion of the natural gas network is now firmly underway, with as many as 9m homes and businesses now using hydrogen for heatCARBON CAPTURE & STORAGEFurther facilities are added as vo
104、lumes of carbon captured across the economy increasesBLUE HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONProduction capacity of blue hydrogen likely to more than double as hydrogen decarbonises more demand, including in South WalesGREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONGreen production volumes continue to increase, including the South East,
105、 as dedicated renewables are used to produce the hydrogen needed for consumers therePINK HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONHydrogen from the new nuclear site at Sizewell is producedSTORAGEStorage capacity is now around 30 TWh, with new facilities supporting centres of demand including Morecambe Bay, the South-East
106、 and the SolentHYDROGEN FOR TRANSPORTWe could start to see hydrogen used inaviation at airports such as Heathrow, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow, andsome rural trains also start running onhydrogenCarbon Capture and StorageBlue hydrogen productionGreen hydrogen productionPink hydrogen productionHy
107、drogen storageHydrogen refuelling stationTrains running on hydrogenAirports using hydrogen asaviation fuelHydrogen exportsPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-80Infrastructure is a visual representation of potential geographic locations19April 2023NO
108、NEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIENERGY TARGETSScotland achieves Net Zero, including a 25GW hydrogen production targetScotland exporting up to 94 TWh of hydrogen to the UK and other European markets by 20459Additional targets likely to emerge through future GovernmentsHOW WILL THE CONSUMER BENEFIT?Consumer
109、s in all regions can access hydrogen by the mid 2040sAreas where there is a shift towards low carbon hydrogen see extensive conversion of pipelines at all levels, extending the life of existing infrastructure and helping to keep the cost of decarbonisation low for consumersTECHNICAL DETAILBetween 50
110、-60% of connections to our network are now using hydrogenThe natural gas network is increasingly used for transporting and storing hydrogen, rather than natural gas. There is residual natural gas in the system but levels are limited. For example, there is only around 10% of current methane demand in
111、 the North East, Northern Cumbria and much ofYorkshireAdditional large-scale storage comes online, further pipelines converted in the south9. Scotland Hydrogen Action Plan https:/www.gov.scot/publications/draft-hydrogen-action-plan/2045Mapping out the potentialDemand volumes are predicted and pipeli
112、nes are a visual representation of potential geographic locations. Pipeline developments New and repurposed National Transmission System pipes New and repurposed Local Transmission System pipesNew third party pipesPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071
113、-8020 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKNONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIDEMANDScotland reaches Net Zero. Approximately 14m homes and businesses are now using hydrogen, large parts of the natural gas network has now been convertedCARBON CAPTURE & STORAGEWe now have the CCUS facilit
114、ies needed to support Net Zero in Scotland and put England, Wales and Northern Ireland on the right path for 2050BLUE HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONGrowth in new production facilities is likely to reduce by 50% as green takes more shareGREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONAs renewable power prices decline, green hydrogen
115、is now likely to be the cheapest form of production, seeing growth distributed across the countrySTORAGEMost strategic storage has been built by now however further sites will continue to be developed to accommodate increased green productionHYDROGEN FOR TRANSPORTKey ports, including Felixstowe, Liv
116、erpool, Southampton and in South Wales are increasing supplies of hydrogen or derivatives to decarbonise shippingEXPORTSWe may see the first maritime based hydrogen exports to regional markets beyond the UKCarbon Capture and StorageBlue hydrogen productionGreen hydrogen productionPink hydrogen produ
117、ctionHydrogen storageHydrogen refuelling stationTrains running on hydrogenAirports using hydrogen asaviation fuelHydrogen exportsPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-80Infrastructure is a visual representation of potential geographic locations21April
118、 2023NONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIENERGY TARGETSUK to achieve Net ZeroAdditional targets likely to emerge through future GovernmentsHOW WILL THE CONSUMER BENEFIT?At the end of our mapping scenario, the use of hydrogen by consumers is widespread, providing low carbon energy across the economy, providi
119、ng choice to consumers and keeping businesses viableTECHNICAL DETAILBetween 60-70% of connections to our network have converted to hydrogen, with the remainder largely using alternative forms of low carbon energyThroughout the transition networks are focused on repurposing assets where it makes sens
120、e, reducing overall costsThere will be a need for new pipelines in some areas for example to support hydrogen transmission at national and regional level alongside the movement ofnatural gasIn some areas of high hydrogen demand, new pipelines will be builtLower overall demand for gas will mean that
121、by 2050 some areas of the distribution network will no longer be required. Parts of the pipeline network could be partially decommissioned in order to preserve network safety and reduce ongoing costs 2050Mapping out the potentialDemand volumes are predicted and pipelines are a visual representation
122、of potential geographic locations. Pipeline developments New and repurposed National Transmission System pipes New and repurposed Local Transmission System pipesNew third party pipesPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-8022 The voice of the networksE
123、NA A hydrogen vision for the UKNONEEMEANTWMNWWNWSSWSOSCSENIDEMANDNearly 16m homes and business and around half of all industrial consumers are now connected to the hydrogen networkCARBON CAPTURE & STORAGENearly all carbon from industry, remaining gas power plants and blue hydrogen production is bein
124、g captured and stored as much as 75-175 MtCO annuallyGREEN AND BLUE HYDROGEN PRODUCTIONWe now have nearly 400 TWh of hydrogen per year produced from both blue and green combinedSTORAGEWe now have between 40-50 TWh of hydrogen storage capacity across the UK, providing energy security for hydrogen con
125、sumers and flexibility for the wider energy systemHYDROGEN FOR TRANSPORTVarious forms of transport are now demanding over 100 TWh of hydrogen peryearCarbon Capture and StorageBlue hydrogen productionGreen hydrogen productionPink hydrogen productionHydrogen storageHydrogen refuelling stationTrains ru
126、nning on hydrogenAirports using hydrogen asaviation fuelHydrogen exportsPercentage of consumers using the hydrogen network0-1011-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-7071-80Infrastructure is a visual representation of potential geographic locations23April 2023The next steps needed to deliver this vision for con
127、sumersThe gas networks are ready to deliver hydrogen infrastructure in a UK-wide, coordinated way which brings value to consumers and unlocks the economic potential of a decarbonised energy system. The gas networks in GB stand ready to invest 6.8bn in hydrogen-focused innovation projects by 2031/32,
128、 and we are already delivering an extensive range of programmes, operating in collaboration with consumers - drawing on years of expertise running safe, reliable networks, the know-how of our workforce andinvestment in innovation. We understand that the industry has a duty, asthose on the frontline
129、of delivering hydrogen to consumers, to be proactive indoing our part to deliver this vision.Our commitment, through the pledges made in this report, is outlined opposite. 24 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UK1. Play a lead role in delivering against the UKs hydrogen ambitions
130、Deliver the trials and projects outlined by Government this decade, such as the H100 Neighbourhood Trial, the Hydrogen Village Trials and Town PilotContinue development of discrete projects with arange of partners, working with Ofgem on funding and deployment 2. Conduct further research and testing
131、in an open and transparent mannerContinue our internal modelling and scenario planning in each network, engaging others in theindustry to enable whole systems planningWe will bring new data together periodically to update the hydrogen vision maps and publish on the ENA website Continue to build evid
132、ence to support the safety case for hydrogen3. Engage with consumers across our networks on delivering Net ZeroCommunicate with current gas consumers on the potential role for hydrogen in the energy system transitionEngage with devolved, regional and local authorities and other stakeholders to demon
133、strate the possibilities of hydrogen in our regions and understand future demand, capacity and location needs4. Work collaboratively with all stakeholders across the sector using a whole systems approachSupport Government in gathering further evidence to enable the 2026 decision on the role of hydro
134、gen for UKheating. As part of this ENA will: l Convene a meeting of CEOs and senior officials to take stock of progress to date in demonstrating the safety and feasibility of hydrogen for heat, and agree the critical areas of evidence outstanding including whois responsible for providing and verifyi
135、ng it and towhat timescales l Convene meetings of gas and electricity networks todiscuss respective approaches to network planning for Net Zero and agree areas where joint working will beuseful 5. Invest in both developing a skilled workforce for the future and a UK supply chainFurther develop our u
136、nderstanding of the skills and supply chain needs for conversion of the UK gas network, including:l Working with IGEM and EU Skills to develop and deliver hydrogen specific standards and training l Providing evidence to Government on future need, toinform planning for Net Zero. skills education l Wo
137、rk with supply chain to develop skills, logistics andhome grown talent l Develop new themes of innovation to support our consumers through Net Zero25April 2023The next steps needed to deliver this vision for consumers1. Government to ensure that the current high levels of political commitment to hyd
138、rogen production development are matched for hydrogen network infrastructure developmentFollowing the positive recent announcements on funding allocation for blue and green hydrogen production, there is a need for political commitment and Ministerial recognition of hydrogen beyond just this first st
139、ep, which involve network infrastructure build out.Greater clarity would help the sector to align investments into production, storage, distribution, and end use, recognising that these are multi-year projects to become operational.3. Government to publish a strategic policy statement for Ofgem by t
140、he summer of 2023This will set out a new Net Zero statutory duty of Ofgem and includes the role, responsibilities, and decisions it must make in relation to hydrogen, electricity and other low carbon fuels.2. A clear roadmap to be produced for the development of a new hydrogen regulatory and market
141、frameworkA new industry framework including a Hydrogen Code will be required for the roll out of hydrogen for heating. Government working with Ofgem must appoint a framework developer and set out a process, working with industry, to have the initial arrangements in place for the first hydrogen Town
142、in 2030.The gas networks cannot achieve this alone. We will need stakeholders across theindustry to work with us, particularly policymakers in Whitehall and the devolved administrations, as well as those responsible for developing the frameworks for regulation and planning of the hydrogen network. T
143、o enable and accelerate development of hydrogen, wewill need: 26 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UK4. Government to expedite the development of hydrogen transportation & storage business models earlier than the current 2025 timeline. This should include committing to introduci
144、ng enabling legislation for these by spring 2024 and putting practical interim measures in place for early moversThe current government timeline of 2025 to develop these business models represents a risk to delivery of key decarbonisation targets, especially when legislative change to enact the busi
145、ness models is factored in.Expediting the timeline to finalise the models and the enabling legislation in 2024, as well as putting in place interim measures for the earliest projects, will ensure that the UK can meet the 2030 hydrogen production target and speed up the scaling up of hydrogen in the
146、2030s, particularly with a view to meeting the target to decarbonise the power sector by 2035.6. The Future System Operator to have a strategic planning role when it comes to hydrogen from the first day of its implementationThis role should include a) the right mandate to enable decision-making and
147、b) sufficient resources with the right capabilities to take a genuinely whole system view. This applies equally to the Regional System Planners (RSPs) recently proposed by Ofgem, which would determine what network infrastructure will be required to support decarbonisation at a local level.7. Governm
148、ent to make a positive decision on blending as soon as possible in 2023, with a view to implementation in 2025Indicating this direction of travel and ensuring that the HSE can review the necessary blending technical and safety evidence as soon as possible is important to provide industry with certai
149、nty on a critical transitionary step to enable the hydrogen vision.An indication from government on the direction of travel and timeline for transmission level blending is also important.5. The regulator to have the tools and mandate to enable early investment in critical hydrogen infrastructureOfge
150、m should be empowered with the right mandate to enable regulation and funding of hydrogen infrastructure now. Without this, there is a risk that the next price control period will represent a missed opportunity with regards to investment in hydrogen infrastructure, despite the proposed 2-year delay
151、to the gas distribution price control.10. Government commitment to the development of the hydrogen economy in Northern IrelandSimilar policy steps are needed to enable the hydrogen vision in Northern Ireland, including:l Establishing a formal framework for whole energy system planning in NIl Establi
152、shing a formal framework to coordinate gaseous interconnection between NI and GBl Appropriate business models and a supportive regulatory frameworkl Key policy decisions around hydrogen blending and the role for hydrogen in different end-uses.9. Greater Government leadership on the rollout of heat d
153、ecarbonisation, including active government support for trialsThere is a need for a clarity on what the 2026 decision on hydrogen heating will entail, the process that will be followed to make the decision and how low carbon heat will be rolled out following this. Public government support to low ca
154、rbon heat trials would significantly help with securing public acceptance to the changes that will be needed to enable decarbonisation of heat.8. Government to mandate hydrogen-ready boilers from 2026 This remains a low regrets way of preparing for the rapid decarbonisation of heat and will help ens
155、ure investment planned by boiler manufacturers remains committed to the UK.27April 2023Network readiness The UK gas pipeline network does not transport hydrogen to consumers today. To guarantee hydrogen can be transported andstored with the same levels of safety and resilience consumers have come to
156、 expect today, investments will need to be made. UKgas network companies are carrying out extensive work to ensure the network will be hydrogen ready.CASE STUDYModernising local gas pipes across Great Britain Network companyProject start date2002Project end date2032Through a national project upgradi
157、ng the old cast iron pipework that has transported natural gas to consumers for decades, the Iron Mains Risk Reduction Programme will see Britains gas networks invest a further 28bn upgrading the network with new polyethylene plastic hydrogen-ready pipes by 2032. Thisnationwide programme reduces emi
158、ssions whilst granting Britains homes and businesses more choice over which zero carbon technologies they will be able to use in the future, directly reducing greenhouse gas emissions, making the network more cost effective to run and playing a role in delivering our decarbonisation goals.FutureGrid
159、 links to the H21 Microgrid on site allowing networks to collaborate across this important research and demonstrate a full hydrogen grid in miniature CASE STUDY Testing use of hydrogen in the gas transmission network Network companyProject start dateApril 2021Project end date2023FutureGrid is an amb
160、itious programme to build a hydrogen test facility from decommissioned assets at a facility in Cumbria. It aims to demonstrate how the network can transport hydrogen at a variety of different concentrations from 2% to 100%. This testing will generate new knowledge and understanding of how these asse
161、ts will perform as part of a future hydrogen system. Thiswill inform the wider hydrogen transition plan for the network and identify where further work may be required.CASE STUDY Testing use of hydrogen in the gas distribution network Network companyProject start datePhase 2 started in 2020Project e
162、nd dateJuly 2023H21, led by Northern Gas Networks, is a five-year programme of research on behalf of the gas industry exploring whether todays gas network can be converted to transport hydrogen in the future. After proving that a conversion was technically possible and economically viable, the H21 t
163、eam set about demonstrating that a hydrogen network can be as safe as todays natural gas network. This is split into four phases:Phase 2a Appraisal of Network OperationsPhase 2b Unoccupied Network TrialsPhase 2c Combined QRAPhase 2d Social Science ResearchThe team has completed an extensive research
164、 programme, ranging from testing public perceptions of hydrogen, to carrying out operational gas procedures under 100% hydrogen conditions on a purpose built MicroGrid and on a disused, disconnected gas network. The H21 results will inform the Governments decision about the future of the gas network
165、.Our projects to deliver the hydrogen vision28 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKGas networks across Britain and Northern Ireland are getting ready to start blending hydrogen around the country. Blending 20% hydrogen into the gas grid will reduce carbon emissions by the equiva
166、lent of 2.5 million cars a year, without consumers have to make any changes to the appliances they use or how they use them. This low cost, low disruption, low regret step in decarbonising domestic heat will kick start the UK hydrogen economy, develop hydrogen supply chains and help balance the emer
167、ging hydrogen system, when supply outstrips demand. The Government is due to make a decision on whether to allow blending in Great Britain later this year. The projects below are providing valuable evidence on feasibility, safety and consumer acceptance. CASE STUDY Blending hydrogen with natural gas
168、 in England Network companyProject start dateHyDeploy 1 2019, HyDeploy2 2021Project end dateHyDeploy1 2020, HyDeploy2 2022The HyDeploy1 project started blending hydrogen into the gas network in 2019 at the Keele University campus in Staffordshire. The campus runs on a private gas network which saw c
169、onsumers living and working in 100 homes and 30 university buildings receive a 20% blend of hydrogen over an 18 month period. Following the success of this trial, HyDeploy2 started in August 2021 at Winlaton, Gateshead. For 10 months, consumers in 680 homes, a school and a church received a 20% blen
170、d of hydrogen. Arecent study and maps published via ENA showed that there is around 60 TWhrs per year of blending capacity in the network, equivalent to the heat demand from 5m homes, and a potential carbon saving of around 10m tonnes of CO.CASE STUDY Blending hydrogen with natural gas in Northern I
171、reland Network companyProject start date2026Project Curran is being developed by Mutual Energy in partnership with Phoenix Natural Gas. The project proposes to blend up to 20%hydrogen into the gas network around Larne, providing a hydrogen blend to approximately 5,500 consumers, including domestic,
172、commercial and industrial. As Northern Ireland has a different utility regulator and Health and Safety body to Great Britain, this project will provide the evidence needed to help progress the economic, regulatory and safety frameworks for hydrogen blending in Northern Ireland. The project is curren
173、tly in its pre-development phase, and, funding dependent, aims to be operational by 2026.29April 2023Helping deliver industrial consumers Net Zero plans The gas networks are involved in several strategic projects that will deliver low carbon hydrogen at scale for industrial consumers across the coun
174、try by 2030. These projects will provide a route to decarbonisation for critical industries such as chemicals, refineries and potentially steel at the same time protecting jobs and economic value, whilst ensuring UK industry can provide low carbon products for the future. In turn, industrial demand
175、in clusters will become the keystone for the future development of the wider hydrogen economy.CASE STUDY North West of England Network companyProject start dateOperational by 2026Project end dateOngoingIn the North West, HyNet is building the infrastructure to produce, transport and store the low ca
176、rbon hydrogen needed to decarbonise industry and heavy transport and in future provide low carbon heat and hot water across the North West and NorthWales. The project will deliver 31bn of economic value by 2050, provide 6,000 permanent high-skilled local jobs and reduce carbon emissions by 10m tonne
177、s a year by 2030. It will also ensure one of the UKs industrial heartlands can operate in a low carbon future, safeguarding local jobs and protecting the economy from offshoring.CASE STUDY South Wales Network companyProject start date2019Project end date2025As the UKs second highest emitting cluster
178、, decarbonising the South Wales Industrial Cluster (SWIC) will be key to reaching Net Zero. The Cluster could create 5,000 jobs and provide Net Zero options for the areas existing industry. The SWIC Deployment Project involves 17 partners working on feasibility and engineering design studies for pro
179、jects to reduce emissions in the region. It is working alongside and supporting key regional investment plans such as the development of Lanzatechs Project DRAGON and the RWE Pembroke Net Zero Centre. These pioneer projects aim to provide the foundations for cluster growth and reach Final Investment
180、 Decision by 2025. Our projects to deliver the hydrogen vision30 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKCASE STUDY South of EnglandNetwork companyProject start dateFEED start mid-2024Project end dateFEED end 2026The Southampton Water project will set out a roadmap for decarbonising
181、 Southampton Industrial Cluster and surrounding area. The projects first phase would see the Fawley hydrogen cluster be operational from 2027, supplying hydrogen to blend 20% by volume into the local network, partially decarbonising heat across the region. Conversion of the natural gas network to 10
182、0% hydrogen will follow the first phase, before expanding to Portsmouth and Bournemouth. Early blending could reduce CO emissions in the area by 1.9m tonnes per year, increasing to 9.5m tonnes per year in later stages.CASE STUDY Scotland Network companyProject start dateOctober 2021Project end dateM
183、arch 2023The Aberdeen Vision Project focuses on the transport and use of hydrogen produced from reformed natural gas from St Fergus, Scotland, which could save 1.5 MtCO per year. The study demonstrated that a dedicated pipeline from St Fergus to Aberdeen would enable the transfer of the Aberdeen reg
184、ional gas distribution system to 100% hydrogen, and that 2% hydrogen can be injected into the network at St Fergus and distributed beyond. This would be followed by build out to supply the Aberdeen gas networks and enable low cost hydrogen transport applications.CASE STUDY Midlands EnglandNetwork co
185、mpanyProject start dateJune 2022Project end dateApril 2023The Hydrogen Valley is a collaborative study between National Gas and Cadent assessing the hydrogen supply and demand potential of the West Midlands, Cambridgeshire, Peterborough, North East Anglia and East Lincolnshire, providing evidence fo
186、r early investment in the regions gas network and hydrogen infrastructure. The programme of work could deliver up to 25% of the emissions reduction required to reach Net Zero in the region, support up to 25,000 jobs and create a further 9,000 in the regions hydrogen economy. It could also attract up
187、 28bn in private investment.31April 2023Joining up the regions Most of the hydrogen we see today is produced and used in the same location, this will change over time. As shown in the Hydrogen Strategy Roadmap supply and demand will be largely co-located in the early part of this decade. As we get c
188、loser to 2030, and certainly beyond, there will be a need for national and regional hydrogen transmission networks to connect large centres of production to consumers in different, andmore distant, places.CASE STUDY A hydrogen transmission system for the UKNetwork companyProject start dateJune 2021P
189、roject end dateDecember 2035Through the phased repurposing of around 2,000km (approximately 25%) of the UKs existing transmission pipelines, Project Union will develop a low cost hydrogen backbone. It will enable decarbonisation through fair access to low carbon hydrogen, linking supply and demand f
190、or UK consumers across industry and power, while providing optionality for heat and transport. It will also provide interconnection opportunities to Europe and Ireland. Project Union could support approximately 300m annual economic value added and 3,100 jobs at peak construction, while de-risking pl
191、anned hydrogen supply and demand projects and increasing investor confidence that therewillbe access to a diverse, Great Britain-wide consumer hydrogen market. CASE STUDY North East Scotland Network companyProject start date2023Project end date2026/27The North East Network & Industrial Cluster Devel
192、opment Project determined the feasibility of reconfiguring SGNs gas distribution network in the North East and Central belt of Scotland to separately transport hydrogen to end consumers and captured carbon dioxide to geological stores. The project outlines the practical steps required to rapidly dec
193、arbonise a significant part of Scotlands homes and industry. It demonstrates how hydrogen can play a leading role in delivering the Scottish Governments target of one million homes with low carbon heat by 2030.Our projects to deliver the hydrogen vision32 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen visi
194、on for the UKCASE STUDY North East of EnglandNetwork companyProject start dateOperational by 2027Project end dateOngoingEast Coast Hydrogen will focus on decarbonising heavy industry based around the Humber and Teesside, providing the infrastructure necessary to later decarbonise the wider economy.
195、Drawing on the regions natural assets, including existing and potential hydrogen storage facilities, this project will build on hydrogen production in the North Easts large industrial cluster. It will connect over 7 GW of hydrogen to 39,000 businesses and over 4m homes, saving up to 11 Mt of carbon
196、emissions annually and providing 10 TWh of hydrogen storage capacity. Creating 9,000 jobs by 2026, the East Coast cluster will be key to the 20bn a year GVA by 2050 target for offshore wind and hydrogen production and supply from the North Sea.CASE STUDY WalesProject leadProject start dateNovember 2
197、022Project end dateOngoingAs part of the South Wales Industrial Cluster, the Hyline Cymru pipeline will connect low carbon hydrogen production with industrial demand and could facilitate the conversion of home heating to hydrogen. The project could create 5,000 new jobs, while supporting and de-risk
198、ing decarbonisation plans for hydrogen producers and industrial consumers . It is working alongside and supporting key regional investment plans such as the development of Lanzatechs Project DRAGON, which aims to be the worlds first commercial-scale facility to transform waste gases into sustainable
199、 jet fuel. CASE STUDY South East and East of EnglandNetwork companyProject start dateNovember 2022Project end dateOngoing Capital Hydrogen will connect low carbon hydrogen production and strategic supply in London, the East and South East of England, developing a secure and resilient low carbon econ
200、omy in the region by decarbonising industry and heavy transport. The project has the potential to deliver 40bn of GVA to the UK economy and create 40,000 jobs in manufacturing and the wider supply chain. It will also save over 7.8 MtCO per year through hydrogen deployment, working towards achieving
201、the Mayor of Londons preferred Accelerated Green Pathway to Net Zero.33April 2023Decarbonising heat Since 2017, there has been extensive innovation and investigation carried out to explore the role that hydrogen can play in decarbonising heat for homes and businesses. Networks have supported wide ra
202、nging activity to test whether hydrogen can be safe and practical for home heating, cooking and hot water needs. That work has moved from lab-based investigation to demonstration homes fitted with household gas appliances fuelled entirely by hydrogen, allowing the public to experience a low carbon g
203、as fuelled home. Networks are partnering with each other and Government to extend real world trials into multiple homes. These trials are important for our understanding how homes and buildings can be decarbonised in line with Net Zero, and how conversion would work in practice. They are critical in
204、 meeting Governments aim of developing low carbon hydrogen as and option for decarbonising heat in the 2030s.CASE STUDYUsing hydrogen in a new neighbourhood in Scotland Network companyProject start date2022Project end date2024-27The H100 Fife project aims to demonstrate the worlds first 100% green h
205、ydrogen gas network, comprising renewable power generation, hydrogen production and storage, pressure reduction, odorisation and distribution. Supplied by an existing 7 MW offshore wind turbine, H100 Fife will provide 300 consumers in Levenmouth, Fife with low carbon heating.The project will bring i
206、nvestment totalling 32m, deliver jobs to the local area and save almost 3,000 tonnes of CO over its lifetime, equivalent to taking the cars of half of the participating homes off the road.CASE STUDYHydrogen Village trials in Ellesmere Port and TeessideNetwork companyProject start date2020-23Project
207、end date2027-28Cadent and NGN (with support from WWU) have submitted detailed designs for a 100% hydrogen village trial in Ellesmere Port and Teesside. The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero are reviewing the submissions and a Village trial location will be chosen by Autumn 2023. Submission
208、s for both trials set out how an existing natural gas network could be converted to 100% hydrogen through a planned conversion programme. Both potential locations have a diverse building stock, including homes, businesses and industrial units, which would switch from natural gas to hydrogen for heat
209、 and hot water, with minimal disruption. All appliances would be converted to low carbon equivalents (hydrogen boilers or heat pumps) for free. The evidence gathered from the chosen trial will support the Governments decision on the role of hydrogen in heating in 2026. Our projects to deliver the hy
210、drogen vision34 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKCASE STUDYHydrogen Production using Constrained EnergyNetwork companyProject start date2022Project end date2023The Southwest of Scotland is characterised by high numbers of onshore renewable energy projects, particularly onshor
211、e wind projects that are currently under development or older renewable generation projects whose primary funding mechanism (Renewable Obligation Certificates ROCs) is coming to an end. The area also faces challenging electricity networkconstraints. The study will identify potential locations for hy
212、drogen production which optimise available renewable power and reduce electricity transmission losses. These outputs will inform the next phase of the study, creation of a high-level strategy for the conversion of the gas network in the region, in a manner that minimises cost andmaintains availabili
213、ty of supply to the consumer.35April 2023Developing the mapsThe map elements in England, Scotland and Wales have been produced using datasets developed in a programme of work for theUK Government. This looked to develop a set of future scenarios for the gas network, with the aim of exploring the net
214、work configuration options required to support the supply of 100% hydrogen for power and transport, as well as to homes, businesses, and industry in a range of scenarios.This modelling considered a range of scenarios, from those considering more of a role for hydrogen to those where alternatives suc
215、h as electrification was used to meet more demand. The scenarios are based on publicly available FES and CCC data. Giventhis report is intended to provide a vision of the potential hydrogen economy we could see, the scenario taken from themodelling is one of those with higher volumes ofhydrogendeman
216、d.As Northern Ireland was not part of this modelling exercise, the Northern Ireland elements of the maps have been developed using a slightly different methodology. We have extrapolated data from the Balanced Scenario in a Guidehouse report commissioned by the five Northern Ireland gas network opera
217、tors in 2021 entitled “Northern Ireland Pathways to Net Zero 2050”. The Northern Irish picture is understandably quite different to the rest of the UK, on the grounds that current gas connection penetration in Northern Ireland is much lower (currently around only 35% or 300,000 properties are connec
218、ted to the gas network) and Northern Ireland has much greater biomethane potential per unit of gaseous networked demand. Alongside the asks from the Government, each of the networks are carrying out their own detailed work on the future of their networks to inform their own planning and preparedness
219、. Gas networks will continue to work together in planning for future hydrogen roll out. This Vision, and the maps which underpin it, are intended as live outputs which we will continually revisit and refine over time as the pipeline of early supply and demand becomes clearer, informed by real world
220、projects. By putting this information into the public domain our aim is to support politicians and policymakers, as well as businesses and investors, of all sizes and parts of the UK economy, with their planning for the availability of low carbon hydrogen.Decisions about the configuration of the fut
221、ure gas network will need to reflect a broad understanding of wider energy infrastructure needs, particularly electricity networks. As we see today, electricity and gas will work alongside each other to deliver reliable energy with carbon emissions becoming lower over time. In some areas, gas networ
222、ks are already taking such considerations into account in their planning.Appendix36 The voice of the networksENA A hydrogen vision for the UKThe voice of the networksEnergy Networks Association4 More London Riverside,London, SE1 2AUt. +44 (0)20 7706 5100w. energynetworks.org EnergyNetworks ENA 2023Energy Networks Association Limited is a company registered in England & Wales No. 04832301Registered office: 4 More London Riverside, London, SE1 2AU
