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1、倒倒 装装定义定义 英英语语句句子子的的自自然然语语序序是是“主主语语+谓谓语语”。如如果果将将谓谓语语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装倒装”。倒倒 装装分类分类分为分为全部倒装全部倒装和和部分倒装部分倒装：谓语全部放在主语之前，为谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装全部倒装；只只把把助助动动词词、连连系系动动词词或或情情态态动动词词放放在在主主语语之之前前，为为部部分分倒装倒装。倒装原因倒装原因一一、 语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；二二、为了强调；为了强调；三三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密保持句子的平衡
2、或是上下文紧密衔衔接。接。 全部倒装全部倒装 （谓语全部放在主语之前）（谓语全部放在主语之前）此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时1.there be句型。句型。其其中中be动动词词有有时时可可用用exist, live, stand, lie, seem, appear, remain, happen 等词代替。（全部倒装）等词代替。（全部倒装）1) There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom.2) There lay a winding brook
3、 in front of an old house.2.方方位位词词in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs等等以以及及now, then置置于于句句首首时时，谓谓语语动动词词常常用用be, come, go, lie, run等等，并并且且句句子子的的主主语语是是名名词词。为以示强调或为了使情景更生动为以示强调或为了使情景更生动, 要全部倒装。（全部倒装）要全部倒装。（全部倒装）1) Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday.
4、2) Now comes your turn to sweep the floor.注意：注意：主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。Away they went. (=They went away.)3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。（全部倒装）（全部倒装） “Whats up, Tom?” asked Mother. “The car is mine,” said Tom.注意：注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。主语是代词时，不倒装。“The car is mine,” he said.4.为为了了句句子子结
5、结构构平平衡衡的的需需要要,或或为为了了强强调调状状语语(常常为为介介词词短短语语)，或或为为了了使使上上下下文文紧紧密密衔衔接接，有有时时将将状状语语提提前前。（全全部部倒倒装）装）1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.2)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island.5.主主语语太太长长，表表语语太太短短，为为了了平平衡衡句句子子结结构构的的需需要要,将将表表语语提前。提前。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1）Inside the p
6、yramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.2）Gone are the days when we are enslaved.6.such和和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1）Such was not his intention.2）Such are the facts.部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前1.用于疑问句。用于疑问句。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）Shall everything be
7、ready before you arrive?2） What can I do for you?注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。1） Who can work it out?2） How many students have read this book? 2.用用于于省省略略if的的虚虚拟拟条条件件从从句句中中，should / were / had 置置于于句句首。首。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Had I not adopted my teachers advice, I would have made such a seriou
8、s mistake.2) Should I earn money, I should live better. 3. so, as, neither, nor, no more 表表示示前前面面的的情情况况也也适适合合于于另另一人或物时。一人或物时。(部分倒装部分倒装)1） Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2） If you wont go, neither will I.注注意意：若若只只是是表表示示对对前前面面所所述述内内容容的的肯肯定定、确确认认，主主谓谓不不倒装。倒装。1)Tom asked me to go to play football an
9、d so I did. 2) Its raining hard. So it is.4. 含含有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词或或连连词词置置于于句句首首，如如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardlywhen, in no case, by no means, no soonerthan, many a time, often 等。等。 （部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Not until the 19th century was the writ
10、ten examination probably known.2)Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship.3)Not a single mistake did he make.1.（2011福福建建高高考考）Its nice. Never before_ such a special drink!Im glad you like it. A. I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I【解解析析】选选C。考考查查部部分分倒倒装装。句句意意：太太
11、好好了了。我我以以前前从从没没喝喝过过如如此此特特别别的的饮饮料料！我我很很高高兴兴你你喜喜欢欢它它。表表示示否否定定意意义义的的词词，如如：never, hardly, no, not等等放放在在句句首首时时，句句子子要要用用部部分分倒倒装装。而而本本题题所所考考查查的的时时态态是是强强调调对对现现在在的的影影响响，用现在完成时，故选用现在完成时，故选C。【高考链接高考链接】2. (2012辽辽宁宁高高考考)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago_ having a holiday abroad.A. he had conside
12、red B. had he consideredC. he considered D. did he consider【解解析析】选选D。考考查查倒倒装装句句。句句意意:直直到到三三年年前前他他从从教教育育行行业业退退休休,他他才才考考虑虑出出国国度度假假。Not until位位于于句句首首时时,主主句句要要用用部部分分倒倒装装。故故排排除除答答案案A和和C。又又因因为为题题干干中中的的three years ago提示要用一般过去时提示要用一般过去时,故选故选D。注意注意1：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装I have never seen such a perfo
13、rmance.注意注意2： 如否定词不在句首不倒装如否定词不在句首不倒装1) Not only is she a good singer, but also she is a good dancer.2) Neither did he watch TV nor did he go to the cinema.5.only + 状状语语（副副词词、介介词词短短语语、状状语语从从句句）放放在在句句首首时时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Only then did I realize the value of reading aloud every morning.2)Only by means of
14、 talking can we avoid misunderstanding each other.【高考链接高考链接】（2011湖湖南南高高考考）Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a decision.A. they reached B. did they reachC. they reach D. do they reach【解解析析】选选B。考考查查倒倒装装结结构构。句句意意：讨讨论论这这个个问问题题数数小小时时后后他他们们才才作作出出决决定定。“Only+状状语语从从句句”置置于于句句首首时时，主主
15、句句的的主主谓谓要要进进行行部部分分倒倒装装，即即可可排排除除A、C两两项项。根根据据前面的过去完成时态，这里要用一般过去时。故选前面的过去完成时态，这里要用一般过去时。故选B。6.“so /such +表表语语/状状语语 + that从从句句”结结构构中中的的so 或或such引引导的表语导的表语/状语放在句首时。状语放在句首时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）So frightened was she in the darkness that she didnt dare to move at all.2）Such a lovely child is he that all of us lov
16、e him.7.用用于于形形容容词词（名名词词/动动词词）+ as/though的的让让步步状状语语从从句句中中。（特殊倒装）（特殊倒装）1)Proud as they are, they are afraid to see us.2)Child as he is, he knows a lot.3) Try hard as they would, they could not lift the box.8.方方式式副副词词well或或频频度度副副词词often, many a time, always, once, every two hours,以及以及then开头的句子。开头的句子。(部
17、分倒装部分倒装)1)Often did I remind him not to do that.2)Many a time has he made the same mistake.9.在在no soonerthan, hardlywhen, not onlybut also句句型中型中, 前面的句子要部分倒装。前面的句子要部分倒装。1）No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.2） Hardly had I reached the station when the train left.注注意意: not onlybut
18、also, neithernor连连接接两两个个主主语语时时不不倒装倒装Not only he but also I went to the park.10. 用用于于表表示示祝祝愿愿和和祝祝福福之之类类的的句句子子中中。(部部分分或或全全部部倒倒装装) 1）May you succeed / be happy!2) Long live the Peoples Republic of China!【课堂训练课堂训练】1.（2012大同高二检测）大同高二检测）We laugh at jokes, but seldom _ about how they work. A. we think B. t
19、hink weC. we do think D. do we think2.You forgot your watch when you went out.Good heavens, _. A. so did I B. so I didC. I did so D. I so did3. In the north of our town_ ,which dates back to theMing Dynasty.A. stands an old temple B. an old temple does standC. does an old temple stand D. an old temple stands4. No sooner_ put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.A. he had B. had he C. does he D. he was
