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1、初中定语从句基础讲解 什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。叫定语从句。结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 句子句子I love singers who write their own music.先行词先行词先行词先行词关系词关系词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句关系词关系词关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词关系副
2、词: when, where, why人人 (n.) + who /that+ 从句从句 物物 (n.) + that / which+ 从句从句 I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an apple that is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple 主语主语主语主语关系词关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。I like some friends. Some friends like sports.I like some friends who like sports. 修饰先行词修饰先行词 frie
3、nds 主语主语主语主语/ that关系词关系词who /that 在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。I like the music.I can dance to the music.I like the musicthat I can dance to .宾语宾语宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。I like the girl.You are talking to the girl. I like the girl who(m) you are talking to .宾语宾语宾语宾语/that关系词关系词who /t
4、hat在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。小结：小结：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略宾语，可以省略. who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）Who/that 在定语从句中作主语时，在定语从句中作主语时，谓谓语动词的单复数英语先行词保持一致。语动词的单复数英语先行词保持一致。 I prefer shoes that are cool.
5、 I have a friend who plays sports.关系代词关系代词who / that的作用：的作用： a. 做代词，代替先行词做代词，代替先行词 b. 在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语 c. 做连词，把主句和从句连接起来做连词，把主句和从句连接起来I love singers who write their own music.练习：判断Who/that在从句中担任主语还是宾语。I love singers who write their own songsHe is the man who I met yesterday.I like mu
6、sic that I can dance to.I prefer a sandwich that is really delicious.主语主语主语主语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语主语主语主语主语任务任务I. 阅读下列句子，再用阅读下列句子，再用who/that 填空。填空。1.Ihaveabrother_likessoccer.2.Tomdoesntlikemovies_aretoolongandtooscary.3.Weprefergroups_playloudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriends_oftenhelpeachother.who/that
7、thatthatwho/that任务II.请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._.2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._.3.Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic._.I like music that is loud and exciting.She loves movies that are romantic.Tony likes music that he can dance to.Matchthetwosentences1.Imread
8、ingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture t
9、hat you bought last week?whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿孤儿).A. who B. whose C. whos D. whichLook at the girl _name is Lucy. A. who B. that C. whos D. whose
