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1、1.作表语作表语2.作定语作定语现现在在分分词词3.作宾补作宾补4.作状语作状语1教资优选三三.V-ing作表语作表语WearelearningEnglish.Thestoryisinteresting.MyjobisteachingEnglish.动名词作表语动名词作表语现在分词作表语现在分词作表语动词进行时动词进行时=TeachingEnglishismyjob.动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。表语和主语的位置可互换。2教资优选Hishobbyispainting.Thenewsisinspiring.区别动名词与现在分词：区别动名词与现在分词：
2、动名词动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。现在分词现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的位置不能互换。位置不能互换。3教资优选翻译下列句子：翻译下列句子：1.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Ourjobis_.2.他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。Themusictheyareplayingis_.playingallkindsofmusicsoexciting4教资优选四四V-ing作定语作定语现在分词现在分词现在分词作定语，被修饰的词
3、与现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词当现在分词单独单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前前；如果是现在分词如果是现在分词短语短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名作定语，则放在所修饰的名词词后后。Thegirlcrying in the classroomismydeskmate.Thecryinggirlismydeskmate.5教资优选Thetower_thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting.A.datedfromB.datedbackf
4、romC.datingfromD.todatefromTheflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt6教资优选(1) a walking man(2) a walking stick =a man who is walking = a stick for walkingWhats the difference between (1) and (2)?7教资优选V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：作定语时，现在分词与动名
5、词区别：awaitingroomawaitingman=aroomforwaiting=amanwhoiswaiting现在分词现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句而而动名词动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，“作作用用”相当于一个相当于一个for引导的介词短引导的介词短语语8教资优选Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma washing
6、machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk阅览室阅览室洗衣机洗衣机激动人心的夜晚激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声有趣的相声9教资优选1.What _ bears they are! (charm)2.What a/an _ idea the ad has.3. The bears _ are content with their life.4.The bears _ make cocacola more popular. Describe the bears with V-ing used as attributecharmingenjoyin
7、gcocacoladrinkingcocacolaskiingontheicesurprising/inspiring10教资优选五五V-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+CI heard the girl singing in the classroom.We have the fire burning all day.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to
8、 open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。调一个过程或一种状态。11教资优选1.能跟能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：动词有：“五让、三看、两听、五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一一注意、一发现、一感觉感觉”。简单又好记！。简单又好记！ make, let, have, keep, leave, loo
9、k at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。等。怎么记怎么记？12教资优选Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting13教资优选1. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 2. We heard them _ (quarrel) about money after the concert; they looked very
10、 angry.3. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin. forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:14教资优选2.有些动词词组，如：有些动词词组，如：regard,describe,accept,thinkof,lookon等等之后可由之后可由as引出引出V-ing形式作宾补。形式作宾补。Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive.15教资优选分分词词作作状状语语,表表示示动动作作发发生生的的条条件件、原原因因、结结果果、让让步步、时时间间、方方式式
11、或或伴伴随随等等，通通常常相相当当于一个状语从句或并列分句。于一个状语从句或并列分句。一一般般说说来来，这这种种结结构构的的逻逻辑辑主主语语就就是是句句子子的的主语。主语。六六分词作状语分词作状语作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键关键看主句的主语。看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。发出，就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。16教资优选If you use your head, youll find a good way. Using your head, youll find a goo
12、d way.If I am invited,Ill go to your party.Invited,Ill go to your party.条件状语条件状语作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首17教资优选原因状语原因状语作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句首Because he was poor , he couldnt afford a TV set. Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.Because he was satisfied with
13、 his job,hehad a big smile on his face.Satisfied with his job,he had a big smile onhis face.18教资优选让步状语让步状语作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首Though he studied hard, he didnt pass the exam.Studying hard, he didnt pass the exam.Though he was born in a poor family,he was optimistic.Born in a p
14、oor family, he was optimistic.19教资优选时间状语时间状语作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首While I was walking in the street, Isaw a tailors shop.Walking in the street,I saw a tailors shop.When she was surrounded by a mad dog,she was very frightened and screamed.Surrounded by a mad dog,she was veryfrig
15、htened and screamed.20教资优选在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。_ the book, I find it useful. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_ for a long time, the book looks old. UsedUsing21教资优选从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_fromth
16、espace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen22教资优选Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. Four people entered the room,looking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by some students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.并
17、列句并列句作伴随状语多放于句末作伴随状语多放于句末23教资优选Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Hisfatherdied,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.方式状语或结果状语方式状语或结果状语作方式状语或结果多放于句末作方式状语或结果多放于句末24教资优选Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. Four people entered the room,lo
18、oking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by some students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.并列句并列句作伴随状语多放于句末作伴随状语多放于句末25教资优选分词作状语时的时态和语态：分词作状语时的时态和语态：1）分词的时态：）分词的时态：2）分词的语态）分词的语态一般式一般式:doingdone完成式完成式:havingdonehavingbeendone1）一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生。一般式表示与谓语动词同时发
19、生。 1. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 2.Surrounded by the students, the teacher was answering questions one by one.26教资优选2）完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。 _ a reply, he decided to write again. A.Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received可理解为：可理解为：Because he
20、had not received a reply, he decided to write again.1.As he had finished his homework, he went out. =Having finished his homework, he went out. 2.Because she had not got a reply, she decided to write to him again. =Not having got a reply, she decided to write to him again.27教资优选完成被动式：完成被动式：having be
21、en done表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义(现代英语中往往用过去分词现代英语中往往用过去分词done替代替代)Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.=Praised for his job, Tom worked harder._ by a snake, she was frightened at it._ by a snake, she was frightened at it. A. Being bitten A. Being bitten B. BittenB. Bitten
22、C. Having been bitten C. Having been bitten D. both B and CD. both B and C28教资优选一、有些惯用的一、有些惯用的v-ing形式不表示句子主语的动形式不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作一个插入语一个插入语generally speaking 一般说来一般说来strictly speaking 严格说来严格说来frankly speaking 坦白地说坦白地说judging from/by 根据根据来判断来判断considering 考虑到考虑到supposi
23、ng 假如，如果假如，如果几点注意几点注意29教资优选1. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。 2. Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。3. Considering his age, he did it quite well. 考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。4. Su
24、pposing it rains， what will you do？ 假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？30教资优选二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前加上二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前加上when,while, before, after, until, once, though,although, unless, as if, even if, as long as等等1.Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.2. If allowed to read in the reading room, you sho
25、uld keep quiet.3. When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me.31教资优选三、三、 当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以使用随之也发生时，可以使用“on动名词动名词”的结构，翻的结构，翻译成译成“一一就就”, 能够用于这种用法的动词都是能够用于这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词；如瞬间动词；如look, hear, see, open, close等。等。Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping.= On hearing
26、 the news, they couldnt help jumping. _ _ the case, I saw the bird fly out of it. 一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。On opening 32教资优选Revision:1._ is believing. 眼见为实。眼见为实。2.In the summer we enjoy _(坐坐) under the big tree.3. Her job is _(照顾照顾婴儿）。婴儿）。4. The story is _(有趣的有趣的)。5. How can you keep her
27、_(等待等待) in the rain.6. The man _ (站在那里）站在那里）is my father. Finish the sentences.Seeingsittingtaking care of the babies interestingwaitingstanding over there主语主语宾语宾语表语（动名词）表语（动名词）表语表语（现在分词）（现在分词）宾语补足语宾语补足语定语定语33教资优选句型转换：句型转换：1.When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _ the news, he jumped with joy.
28、 2. As she was ill, she went home. _ ill, she went home.3. The girl came in and she smiled. The girl came in _.4.She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. She sat at the desk _ a newspaper.HearingBeingsmilingreading表伴随状况表伴随状况时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语方式状语方式状语34教资优选Tell the differences:1.She keep the man waiti
29、ng in the rain.2. I will give the present to the student getting the first place.3. Being ill, she went home.Questions: 1. 现在分词分别作什么成分？现在分词分别作什么成分？ 2. 现在分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？现在分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？宾补宾补定语定语状语状语 宾补的逻辑主语是宾语；定语的逻辑主语是它所修饰宾补的逻辑主语是宾语；定语的逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词；的名词或代词；V -ing形式作状语时形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须它的逻辑主语必须与与主句的主语主句的
30、主语一致。一致。35教资优选 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Not havingworkingSeeing单句改错单句改错40教资优选4. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice
31、 on the wall.5. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.6. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingmakingspeaking41教资优选 1. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repair
32、ing D. ExaminingChoose the best answer.42教资优选 2. Mother caught the boy _ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking43教资优选 3. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed44教资优选4. “W
33、e cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 5. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered45教资优选6.I was told that there were about 50 foreign
34、 students _ Chinese in the school, most_were from Germany. （2006年年 辽宁卷）辽宁卷）A. study; of whom B. study; of themC. studying; of them D. studying; ofwhom46教资优选7. Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table. （2006年年 湖北卷）湖北卷） A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing47教资优选8. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _ here. (2007年年 江苏卷）江苏卷） A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking48教资优选49教资优选
