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1、WELCOME TO MY CLASS !语法图解语法图解语态主动语态被动语态一、概念一、概念二，基本用法二，基本用法三、各时态被动态三、各时态被动态四、构成四、构成六、主动表被动六、主动表被动七、真题演练七、真题演练五、主被动的转换五、主被动的转换一、概念一、概念We speak English.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语English is spoken by us. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语主动语态主动语态ACTIVE被动语态被动语态PASSIVE语态，是一种动词形式，用以说明主谓之间关系。观察下面的句子，体会它们的用法1.After war, everything had bee
2、n destroyed.2.He said the car 2.He said the car would be repairedwould be repaired the the next day.next day.3 A new hope school will be opened in our village.4.The trees 4.The trees should be wateredshould be watered often. often. 5. A sports meetingA sports meeting is being heldis being held now b
3、y now by the school.the school.6.Many accidents are caused by careless driving.7.The baby 7.The baby wasnt being looked afterwasnt being looked after then, so he cried.then, so he cried.8.You have been told many times not to make the same mistake.9.He was born in this city.二、基本用法二、基本用法A.不知道或不必说出动作的执
4、行者B.强调动作的承受者C.动作的执行者为无生命的事物D.表示委婉和礼貌，避免提及动作执行者E.某些动词的习惯用法1,23,45,67,89一般现在时一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时一般过去时： was / were done一般将来时一般将来时： will be done be going to be done现在进行时现在进行时： am / is / are being done过去进行时过去进行时： was / were being done现在完成时现在完成时： have / has been done过去完成时过去完成时： had been done过去
5、将来时过去将来时：would be done含情态动词含情态动词: can / must / have tobe done三、初中阶段各时态的被动语态三、初中阶段各时态的被动语态小窍门：我们可以这样看被动语态的基本构成：我们可以这样看被动语态的基本构成： be + be + 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词时态构成主语谓语状语一般现在时The workdoneevery day一般过去时yesterday一般将来时next month现在进行时now过去进行时at 5 yesterday现在完成时since you left过去完成时before you came过去将来时the next
6、 day四、被动语态的构成iswaswill beis beingwas beinghas beenhad beenwould be五、主动语态与被动语态转换应注意的几个问题 直接宾语sth作主语时要在间宾前加上to或for Jim gave me a book. I was given a book by Jim. A book was given to me by Jim. tell sb sthgive sb. sth. pass sb. sth. throw sb sthsend sb. sth. show sb. sth.lend sb sthbring sb. sth.be tol
7、d to sbbe given to sb. be passed to sb. be thrown to sb. be sent to sb. be shown to sb. be lent to sb. be brought to sb.主主动动被动被动 sth1. 含有双宾语句子的被动态My mother made me a birthday cake. I was made a birthday cake.A birthday cake was made for me.主动主动被动被动 sthbuy sb sthmake sb. sth. get sb. sth. sing sb sth
8、draw sb sthbe bought for sbbe made for sb be got for sb be sang for sbbe drawn for sbLanguage practice1. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.We were given were given to us2.含有复合宾语的句子的被动语态 最需注意的是省略to的不定式做宾补，在改为被动语态时，需补回省略
9、的to。 They made him work 12 hours a day. He was made to work 12 hours a day. Tourists saw the monkey jump off the tree. The monkey was seen to jump off the tree. be made be made toto do do be let to do be seen be seen toto do do be heard be heard toto do do be watched be watched toto do domake sb. do
10、 make sb. do let sb. dosee sb. dosee sb. dohear sb. dohear sb. dowatch sb. dowatch sb. do主动主动被动被动sbLanguage practice2. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. was made to have3 短语动词的被动语态1. John turned on the radio. The radio was turned on.2.Grandma takes care
11、of my sister. My sister is taken care of by Grandma.3.We must speak to old people politely. Old people must be spoken to politely.短语动词是整体，不要丢掉后面的介词或副词哦！look for look aftertake care ofhand inlaugh atspeak tobe looked forbe looked afterbe taken care ofbe handed inbe laughed atbe spoken to 主动主动 被动被动Lan
12、guage practice3. Their homework half an hour ago. A. was handed in B. was handed 4.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ _?5. They will put on that play sometime next month.That play _ _ _ _sometime next month. A Is talked aboutwill be put on4 含有宾从的句子的被动态say,report,believe,
13、suppose,等动词后接宾语从句时改为被动语态时有两种方法： 1.sb be saidreportedbelievedsupposed to do sth. 2. it be saidreportedbelievedsupposed thatLanguage practice6.They said that he would come back soonHe come back soon he would come back soon.is said toIt was said that六、常见的主动形式表示被动意义1.表示状态的系表结构表示状态的系表结构 主动表被动主动表被动This ki
14、nd of cloth feels soft.2.2.“need,want,requireneed,want,require”接接doingdoing表被动表被动The flowers needs watering.The flowers needs watering.3.worthing 3.worthing 接接doing doing 表被动表被动The book is well The book is well worthingworthing reading. reading.六、常见的主动形式表示被动意义4.difficult ,hard ,easy ,possible ,impos
15、sible 4.difficult ,hard ,easy ,possible ,impossible , ,nice nice 后接后接to do to do 表被动表被动egeg. The . The mathsmaths problem is not easy to work out. problem is not easy to work out. 5.lock,open,sell,wash5.lock,open,sell,wash等与等与badly easily wellbadly easily well等连等连用用 主动表被动主动表被动 egeg. His books sells
16、well. His books sells well. The door won The door wont lock.t lock.2012 中考真题演练【2012 湖北黄石】 1.You have to stay behind if your homework_before five oclock. A.isnt done B.wont be done C.doesnt do D.wasnt done【2012.安徽省】2. The task_ in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest. A. was finished B.
17、will be finished C. has been finished D. cant be finished【2009广州广州】 3. Dont worry. All the children_ by the nurses. A. are well taken care of B. take good care ofC. are taken good care D. take good care AB A【2012湖南省岳阳】 4. The car _ by the policeman because the driver was drunk.stopped B. was stopped
18、 C. were stopped【2012浙江湖州浙江湖州】 5. Sixteen-year-olds _ to drive in China. But in America, they can. A. is allowed B. is not allowed C. are allowed D. are not allowed【2012浙江宁波】6. Why is your bedroom so dirty? Sony, Mum. It _. I felt very tired after playing soccer. A. isnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. doesnt clean D. wasnt cleanedB D D Thanks for listening! Thanks for listening! See you!
