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1、 动词专题复习动词专题复习A A、考点考点: :一、七种时态一、七种时态(过去、现在、将来过去、现在、将来?一般、进行一般、进行还是还是完成完成?） 一般现在时一般现在时( (及被动语态及被动语态) )现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时一般将来时一般将来时( (及被动语态及被动语态) )一般过去时一般过去时( (及被动语态及被动语态) )过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时 过去完成时（不单独考察过去完成时（不单独考察, ,但阅读理解会有）但阅读理解会有） 1 1、动词时态、动词时态（1 1）一一般般现现在在时时表表示示现现在在经经常常做做的的事事，习习惯惯性性动动作，现在的状态，或
2、者客观真理。作，现在的状态，或者客观真理。注意动词的注意动词的第三人称单数第三人称单数形式。形式。（2 2）现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。表示现在正在进行的动作。构成：构成：am, is, are+ am, is, are+ 现在分词现在分词（动词的（动词的inging形式）形式）（3 3）现在完成时现在完成时。结构：。结构：have/ has+have/ has+过去分词过去分词现在完成时的两个含义：现在完成时的两个含义：过过去去发发生生或或已已经经完完成成的的动动作作对对现现在在造造成成的的结结果果或或影响。（着重现在的结果。）影响。（着重现在的结果。）现现在在完完成成时时表
3、表示示过过去去已已经经开开始始，持持续续到到现现在在的的动动作或状态。作或状态。用延续性动词用延续性动词。（4 4）一一般般将将来来时时表表示示从从现现在在看看将将要要发发生生的的事事（将会怎么样），或计划打算做某事。（将会怎么样），或计划打算做某事。结结构构：willwill+ +动动词词原原形形，be be going going toto+ +动动词词原原形形（5 5）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。表示过去发生的动作。动词要用动词要用过去式过去式。（6 6）过过去去进进行行时时指指过过去去某某一一时时刻刻或或某某段段时时间间正正在在进进行行的的动动作作，也也表表示示一一个个动动
4、作作进进行行时时，另另一一个个动动作作突突然然发发生生，或或者者一一个个动动作作发发生生时时，另另一个动作正在进行。一个动作正在进行。结构：结构：was/ were+was/ were+现在分词现在分词（动词的动词的inging形式）形式）（7 7）过过去去将将来来时时是是指指从从过过去去的的某某一一时时间间看看，将将要要发发生生的的事事，或或某某人人说说过过他他要要干干什么。什么。 结构：结构：would+would+动词原形动词原形（8 8）过过去去完完成成时时是是指指到到过过去去的的某某个个时时间间为为止止已已经经完完成成的的动动作作，或或者者指指过过去去的的某某个个时时间间之之前前已已
5、经经发发生生或或完完成成的的动动作作（过过去去的过去）。的过去）。结构：结构：had+had+过去分词。过去分词。2 2、时态一致原则：、时态一致原则：（1 1）在在宾宾语语从从句句中中，如如果果主主句句是是现现在在时时，从从句句的的动动词可根据意义，用词可根据意义，用所需的所需的任何任何时态时态。（2 2）在在宾宾语语从从句句中中，如如果果主主句句是是过过去去时时，从从句句的的时时态一般要用态一般要用过去过去的某个时态（客观真理除外）。的某个时态（客观真理除外）。 在在宾宾语语从从句句中中，如如果果主主句句是是过过去去时时，从从句句的的动动作作发生在主句动作发生在主句动作之前之前，要用，要用
6、过去完成时过去完成时（过去的过去）。（过去的过去）。 在在宾宾语语从从句句中中，如如果果主主句句是是过过去去时时，从从句句的的动动作作发生在主句动作发生在主句动作之后之后，要用，要用过去将来时：过去将来时：would+would+动词原形动词原形（3 3）在在时时间间状状语语从从句句和和条条件件状状语语从从句句中中（或或在在让让步步状状语语从从句句中中），如如果果主主句句是是一一般般将将来来时时（或或祈祈使使句句，或或含含情情态态动动词词can, can, may, may, mustmust），从从句句要要用用一一般般现现在在时时表示将来。表示将来。二、动词形式二、动词形式（1 1）原原形形
7、（除除“一一般般现现在在时时的的第第三三人人称称单单数数”外外的的一一般般现现在在时时、祈祈使使句句、不不带带toto的的动动词词不不定定式式，助助动动词词will/wont/do/dont/does/will/wont/do/dont/does/doesndoesnt/t/did/did/didndidntt等等后接动词原形后接动词原形，情态动词情态动词+ +动词原形动词原形等等）（2 2）带带toto的的动词不定式动词不定式 ( (to +to +动词原形动词原形) )（3 3）动动词词的的- -s s形形式式（用用于于一一般般现现在在时时的的第第三三人人称称单单数数）（4 4）动词的）动
8、词的inging形式形式（动名词，现在分词动名词，现在分词）（5 5）过去式过去式 （用于一般过去时用于一般过去时）（6 6）过去分词过去分词（构成完成时和被动语态构成完成时和被动语态）1 1、动词、动词原形原形（1 1）一般现在时一般现在时除单三形式除单三形式都用都用原形原形。（ 2 2） 祈祈 使使 句句 ： 动动 词词 原原 形形 开开 头头 , , 可可 加加please, letplease, let。 否定祈使句否定祈使句 Dont +Dont +动词动词原形原形（3 3）助助动动词词do, do, does, does, diddid帮帮助助构构成成疑疑问问句句后后用用动动词词原
9、原形形，dont,dont, doesndoesnt,t, didndidnt, will, wont +t, will, wont +动词原形动词原形（ 4 4） 情情 态态 动动 词词 can, can, could, could, cant,cant, couldncouldnt, t, may, may, must,must, mustnmustnt, t, should should 等等+ +动词动词原形原形（5 5）had better had better dodo sth sth, , had better had better not donot do sth sth. .
10、（6 6）why not why not dodo sthsth? ?（7 7）would you please would you please dodo sthsth? ? would you please would you please not donot do sthsth? ?（8 8）prefer prefer to doto do sth sth rather than rather than dodo sth sth else else （9 9）不带不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式使使役役动动词词let, let, have, have, makemake sbsb.
11、. dodo sthsth ( (改为被动语态要加改为被动语态要加to)to)感感官官动动词词 see, see, hear, hear, watch, watch, feel, feel, notice(notice(注注意意到到) ) sbsb. . dodo sthsth. . ( (改改为为被被动动语语态要加态要加to)to) ( (看到，听到，感到，注意到某人看到，听到，感到，注意到某人做了做了某事某事) )注注意意：see, see, hear, hear, watch, watch, noticenotice sbsb. . doingdoing sth sth ( (看到，听到
12、，感到，注意到某人看到，听到，感到，注意到某人正在做正在做某事某事) )2 2、带带toto的不定式的不定式动词不定式的否定动词不定式的否定Mother Mother told told meme not not toto go go out out alone alone at at night.night.跟动词不定式的动词跟动词不定式的动词want (want (sbsb) ) to doto do sth sthask (ask (sbsb) ) to doto do sth sth. .tell (tell (sbsb) ) to doto do sth sth. .seem see
13、m to doto do (be) (be) wish wish to doto do sth sthhope hope to doto do sthsthagree agree to doto do sth sthexpect (expect (sbsb) ) to doto do sth sthrefuse refuse to doto do sth sthdecide decide to doto do sth sthmake make a a decision decision to to dodo sthsthafford afford to doto do sth sthhave
14、have enough enough to to dodo sthsthlearn learn to doto do sth sthtry try to doto do sth sthfail fail to doto do sth sthfindfind sb sb. . to beto be.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语Lets Lets get get something something delicious delicious to to eateat. .Its ones duty Its ones duty to doto do sth sth. .wait for ones
15、 turn wait for ones turn to doto do sth sth. .动词不定式表目的动词不定式表目的useuse sth sth. . to doto do sth sth be used be used to doto do sth sthdo(try) ones best do(try) ones best to doto do sth sthHe He flew flew to to Beijing Beijing to to spend spend his his holidayholiday. .He cameHe came to give us a talk
16、 to give us a talk yesterday. yesterday.形容词形容词+ +动词不定式动词不定式be enough be enough to doto do sth sthbe afraid be afraid to doto do sth sthbe sorry be sorry to doto dobe glad be glad to doto doBe careful Be careful to doto do sthsthIts (forIts (for sb sb.) .) to doto do sth sth. .Its (ofIts (of sb sb.)
17、.) to doto do sth sth. .too totoo to结构结构疑问词疑问词+ +动词不定式动词不定式where where to to go, go, what what to to do, do, how how to to do do it, it, how how to to answer answer the questionthe question下面的半情态动词含下面的半情态动词含totoused to doused to do sth sth would like to dowould like to do sth sthbe able to dobe able
18、 to do sth sthhave to dohave to do sth sth3 3、动词的、动词的- -inging形式形式-动名词动名词动名词做主语动名词做主语TravelTravelinging by air is very exciting. by air is very exciting.TakTaking ing care care of of our our environment environment is is very very important.important.动名词做宾语动名词做宾语keep dokeep doinging sth sth. . pract
19、ise practise do doinging sth sthenjoy doenjoy doinging sthsth finish dofinish doinging sth sthbe worth dobe worth doinging sthsth give up dogive up doinging sth sthkeep on dokeep on doinging sthsth carry on docarry on doinging sthsthfeel like dofeel like doinging sth sth介词介词+ +动名词作宾语动名词作宾语be good be
20、 good atat do doinging sth sthdo well do well inin do doinging sth sthinstead instead ofof do doinging sth sthstopstop sb sb. (. (fromfrom) do) doinging sth sthpreventprevent sb sb. (. (fromfrom) do) doinging sth sthkeepkeep sb sb. . fromfrom do doinging sth sth( (阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事) )keepkeep sb sb. do
21、ing. doing sth sth（使某人不断做某事）使某人不断做某事）4 4、既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟动名词的动词、既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟动名词的动词like, love, hatelike, love, hate( (恨，讨厌）恨，讨厌）, , begin, startbegin, start5 5、下列动词跟动词不定式和跟动名词意思不同下列动词跟动词不定式和跟动名词意思不同remember doingremember doing sth sth 记得做了记得做了remember to doremember to do sth sth 记着要做记着要做forget doingfor
22、get doing sth sth 忘记做过了忘记做过了forget to doforget to do sth sth 忘了要做忘了要做stop doingstop doing sth sth 停止做某事停止做某事stop to dostop to do sth sth 停下来做另一件事停下来做另一件事go on doinggo on doing sth sth 继续做继续做go on to dogo on to do sth sth 接下来做接下来做6 6、动词的动词的- -inging形式形式-现在分词现在分词现在分词表伴随动作现在分词表伴随动作be busy dobe busy doi
23、nging sth sthBeethoven Beethoven worked worked all all night night writwritinging down the new piece of music.down the new piece of music. friends friends get get together together and and go go from from house house to to house house singsinginging Christmas Christmas songssongs.现在分词用于进行时现在分词用于进行时:
24、 :现在进行时现在进行时: :am/ is/ are+am/ is/ are+现在分词现在分词 过去进行时过去进行时: : was/ were+was/ were+现在分词现在分词7 7、过去分词（规则变化、过去分词（规则变化+ +ed, ed, 不规则变化）不规则变化） 过去分词构成完成时、被动语态过去分词构成完成时、被动语态 现在完成时现在完成时: : have/ has+have/ has+过去分词过去分词 被动语态一般现在时被动语态一般现在时: :am,is,aream,is,are+ +过去分词过去分词 一般过去时一般过去时: :was, werewas, were+ +过去分词过去
25、分词 一般将来时一般将来时: : will bewill be+ +过去分词过去分词 含情态动词含情态动词: :can/may/must becan/may/must be+ +过去分词过去分词B B、做题方法：做题方法：1 1、根根据据上上下下文文和和关关键键词词（信信号号词词）判断判断时态时态。2 2、注意、注意动名词、不定式、原形动名词、不定式、原形3 3、注意单、复数、注意单、复数4 4、想着、想着被动语态被动语态04年真题年真题AJimisalovelyboy,buthe81(have)abadmemory.LastSundaymorning.Tom82(play)inhisbedr
26、oomwhenhismotheraskedhim83(go)shopping. She told him not to forget to buy sixoranges,teneggsandsomemeat.Mum,I84_(remember).Tomansweredwithasmile.Whenhe85(return)homeandsawhismother,his face turned red. Hesaid, I am sorry,mum. Ihave forgotten to buy oranges and meat. Irememberedtobuytheeggs,butIdropp
27、edfourofthem.haswasplayingtogowillremember/haverememberedreturnedBDearLiPing,Ihaventheardfromyouforlong.Howareyou86(get)onwithyourwork?I87_(finish)theexamsalready.IthinkI88_(be)abletopassthem.NowIhavemuchtime89_(write)thislettertoyou.Atschoolweareoften90_(tell)thatChinaisabeautifulcountry.Thoughitis
28、farawayfromNewYork.Idliketogothereoneday.Pleasewritebacksoon.havefinishedwillbetowritetold05年真题年真题AA:MayI（81）_（speak）toSusan,please?B:Speaking.Isthatyou.Tom?A:Yes.itis.ImgoingtoNewYorktomorrow.B.Oh,howluckyyouare!Howlong（82）_you_（stay）there?A:Twodays.Well,Susan,you（83）_（be）thereseveraltimes.Canyoute
29、llmesomethingaboutthecity?B:Idloveto.Wecanhaveatalkthisevening.A:Why（84）_（notcome）overtodinneratmyhouseatfiveoclock?Mymother（85）_（cook）forusnow.B:OK.Seeyouatfiveoclock.A:Seeyou.speakhavestayedhavebeennotcomeiscookingBInEnglandnobodyundertheageofeighteen（86）_（allow）todrinkinabar（酒吧）酒吧）.Everyone（87）_（
30、know）itwell.ItwasJackseighteenthbirthdayyesterday.Mr.Smith（88）_（take）himtohisusualbarforthefirsttime.Theydrankforhalfanhour,andthenMr.Smithsaidtohisson,“Now,Jack,（89）_（listen）tome.Youmustalwaysbecareful（90）_（notdrink）toomuch.”“ButhowcanIknowIhavehadenough?”“Well,Iwilltellyou.Doyouseethosetwolightsat
31、thecornerofthebar?Whenyouseefourthere,youvehadenoughandshouldgohome.”“But,Dad,”saidJack,“Icanonlyseeonelightthere.”isallowedknowstooklistennottodrink06年真题年真题AOnenight,a5-year-oldson(81)_(teach)byhismotheraboutGod.“DoyouknowthatGod(82)_(know)whereeverybodyis,andexactlywhattheyaredoing.Soifyoudosometh
32、ingwrong,he(83)_(get)angry.”Thelittleboy(84)_(look)athismotherandsaid,“Wow!Hemust(85)_(have)acomputer!”wastoldknowswillgetlookedhaveBSummer(86)_(come)now.Ifitsabrightcleardayoutside,youhadbetter(87)_(wear)apairofsunglasses.Theycanhelpyoustopthesunshinefrom(88)_(hurt)youreyes.Ifyou(89)_already_(regar
33、d)sunglassesasapartofyoursummerlife,thatsgood.Ifnot,please(90)_(learn)todoso.iscoming /hascomewearhurtinghaveregardedlearnAMylittlebrotherisacouch-potato(电电视视迷迷). He can keep 6_ (watch)TV for awhole day without a rest. One day, whenhe7_(watch)TV,he8_(stop)by my mother. Mothersaidtohim,“Ifyou9_(watch
34、)itfortoo long. Your eyes5_(become)bad!”watchingwaswatchingwasstoppedwatchwillbecomeExercises:BI think the children can _ (1 share)somehousework,itsabighelpbecauseparents_(2work)hardeveryday.LastSundaymorning, I _ (3 plan) to play football,butwhenIsawmymum_(4get)readyforthewashing.Idecidedtohelpher.
35、 SoItoldmy friends _ (5 play) football bythemselves.Mumwashappytoseethat,shewasproudofme.shareworkplannedgettingtoplayCImbusyworkingthesedays.I(1)_(notreceive)anynewsfrommy family since last Sunday. Now I(2)_(send)an e-mail to them. Myfather (3)_(tell) me to buy him anewTVset.Heenjoys(4)_(watch)TV p
36、lays. If I am free, Ill buy one forhim. I think he will be very happy(5)_(see)it.haventreceivedamsendingtoldwatchingtoseeDXiaoQinglikes_(1play)computersgamesverymuch.Heused_(2play)gamesintheInternetbareveryday.Butnowhe_(3study)hard.Hesaid,“I_(4waste)alotoftime.Imustworkharder_(5catch)upwithmyclassma
37、tes.”Itsnevertoolatetostudy!playing/toplaytoplayisstudyinghavewastedtocatchEAll of my students think Im a good teacher. I (1)_ (work) in the school since 1999. I amalways nice to my students. I often (2)_ (help)themwiththeirschoolwork.SoI(3)_(regard)astheirbestfriend.Theylovemeverymuchandtheyoftendo
38、somethingniceforme.OnedaybeforeTeachersDay,someofmystudents(4)_(buy) me some presents. When they gavemethepresents,theysaid“Thankyouforteachingussowellandwe(5)_(study)harderthanbefore.”Hownicemystudentsare!haveworked/havebeenworkinghelpamregardedboughtwillstudyFThe2008OlympicGames_(6hold)inBeijing.Somoreandmorepeople_(7learn)tospeakEnglish.GaoMingisaJuniorschoolstudent,hisEnglishisgoodandhe_(8be)avolunteer(志愿者志愿者).Thesedays,he_(9be)busyteachinghisneighborsEnglish.“_(10make)morecontributionstothe2008OlympicGamesisessential”,hesaid. willbeheldarelearningisisMaking
