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1、 高三英语高三英语 陈岩陈岩 制作制作 1. 名称及基本形式名称及基本形式 动名词动名词 doing 现在分词现在分词 doing 过去分词过去分词 done不定式不定式 to do 一一. 动名词动名词1、基本形式、基本形式 形式主动语态被动语态一般式完成式 doing having done being donehaving been done2、基本用法、基本用法 l l充当成分充当成分: 主语主语 宾语宾语 表语表语 定语定语2、基本用法、基本用法 1.1.做主语做主语 Getting up early is a good habit. Collecting stamps is my
2、hobby. Its no use crying. 注意句型：注意句型： Its no use/ no good/ useless doing 动名词作主语动名词作主语动名词作主语动名词作主语表表表表一般的或抽象的多次行为。一般的或抽象的多次行为。一般的或抽象的多次行为。一般的或抽象的多次行为。Eg: 1）Talking is easier than doing. 译文译文:_2)It is no use/good crying over spilt milk.译文译文: _ _2. 作表语作表语，表抽象的一般性行为。，表抽象的一般性行为。 My job is teaching. (可互换)
3、Teaching is my job. lOur work is _ .(为人民服务为人民服务)。比较：比较： The nurses job is looking after the patients. The nurse is looking after the patients.说起来容易做起来难说起来容易做起来难说起来容易做起来难说起来容易做起来难 覆水难收覆水难收覆水难收覆水难收serving the peopleserving the people3. 3. 动名词作动名词作动名词作动名词作宾语宾语宾语宾语 l l下列动词后只能接动名词：下列动词后只能接动名词： suggest, f
4、inish, suggest, finish, practisepractise，enjoy, enjoy, admitadmit，appreciateappreciate imagine, consider, miss, mind, avoid, escape, risk imagine, consider, miss, mind, avoid, escape, risk cant help, feel like cant help, feel like， put off put off be accustomed to be accustomed to， look forward tolo
5、ok forward to insist on doing, object to insist on doing, object to give up dong, be busy give up dong, be busy（in in ）doingdoingpay attention to be/get used to pay attention to be/get used to 4. 4. 动名词作动名词作动名词作动名词作定语定语定语定语 动名词作定语时，动名词表所修饰词的用途。动名词作定语时，动名词表所修饰词的用途。动名词作定语时，动名词表所修饰词的用途。动名词作定语时，动名词表所修饰词
6、的用途。 a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a waiting room = a waiting room = 5. 5.动名词的动名词的动名词的动名词的复合结构复合结构复合结构复合结构 his/ him/Tom /Toms doing1) 你介意我打开门吗？你介意我打开门吗？_2）他没到来让我很失望）他没到来让我很失望。6. 6. 动名词的动名词的动名词的动名词的时态和语态时态和语态时态和语态时态和语态1).1).The problem is far from _(settl
7、e).The problem is far from _(settle).2).We were praised for2).We were praised for _ _ ( (提前完成任务提前完成任务提前完成任务提前完成任务) )Would you mind me/my opening the door?Would you mind me/my opening the door?His not coming made me disappointed.His not coming made me disappointed. being settled being settled having
8、completed the task ahead of time having completed the task ahead of timea room for waitinga room for waiting二二. 分词分词现在分词基本形式现在分词基本形式 形式主动语态被动语态一般式完成式 doing having done being donehaving been done过去分词过去分词 过去分词的形式：过去分词的形式： done 现在分词和过去分词统称分词，在句中作的现在分词和过去分词统称分词，在句中作的 成分是一样的。成分是一样的。 可充当以下成分可充当以下成分: 定语定语
9、表语表语 宾补宾补 状语状语现在分词表现在分词表_(语态语态)和和_;过去分词表过去分词表_ _和和_.主动主动 进行进行 被动被动 完成完成l1.作定语作定语 l _ (正在开的正在开的)lThe meeting _(刚刚开过的刚刚开过的) is of greatl _ (正要开的正要开的) importance. l单个分词多放在名词前，短语要后置。单个分词多放在名词前，短语要后置。lOn the bed lies a sleeping boy lWho is the boy sleeping on the bed?l2.作表语作表语l“The story sounds _ _ (move
10、) and Im _ _.”lTom said in a _ voice. being heldheld to be heldmoving moved moved 3.作作补语补语1）感官动词）感官动词 see, hear, find，notice, feel,notice, feel, watchwatch 使役动词使役动词 leave, keep catch + sb + doing 撞见某人做（坏事）当场破获撞见某人做（坏事）当场破获 2) 现在分词作宾补现在分词作宾补, 形成逻辑上的形成逻辑上的形成逻辑上的形成逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系主谓关系主谓关系, , 表示动作表示动作在发生或一直
11、进行在发生或一直进行；过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补表示宾语是动作的承受者，表示宾语是动作的承受者，表示宾语是动作的承受者，表示宾语是动作的承受者，表被动表被动。1) Its wrong of you to leave the machine _ (run).2) The guests left most of the dishes _ _ (untouch) because they werent delicious.3）The speaker couldnt make himself _. (hear)4) I saw the thief _ _ (steal) her money.l th
12、e old man _ _(knock) down by the car.running untouched heardstealing knocked l4. 作作状语状语。（时间、原因、条件、让步、结果。（时间、原因、条件、让步、结果自然而然自然而然的结果的结果、方式、伴随）、方式、伴随） 1)The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ (cause)the delay.2) _ (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistakes.4) The soldiers lay on the gr
13、ound, _ (cover) with nothing.(伴随伴随)5) more time, I would have worked out the problem(条件条件).6) _ (see) from the hill, the city is small.(时间时间) _ we can see the city clearly.7） (没完成没完成)her work in time, she was fired by the boss .(原因原因)8) ,(笑着谈着笑着谈着) they went into the classroom. （方式）（方式）归纳总结：分词做状语归纳总
14、结：分词做状语关键是看该动词与句子主语的关系：主关键是看该动词与句子主语的关系：主动用现在分词，被动和完成用过去分词动用现在分词，被动和完成用过去分词。causing Having been told coveredGiven SeenSeeing Not having finished Laughing and talking独立成分独立成分做状语做状语l1）generally speaking_l2)judging from /by_;l3)compared to/with_;l4)considering_;l5)given/assuming/supposing/providing/pro
15、videdthat _ _;l6)seeing/consideringl takinginto consideration_ _;一般说来一般说来由由判断判断 和和比较比较 考虑到考虑到 假使，如果假使，如果考虑到考虑到 with的复合结构的复合结构with + 名词名词+doingto dodone 分词的分词的复合结构复合结构独立主格独立主格l分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致 , 如果主语不一致，则要用完整的状语从如果主语不一致，则要用完整的状语从句或用独立主格结构。句或用独立主格结构。 l构成：名词构成：名词/代词代词+分词
16、分词/adj./adv./prep/to dol注意注意: 1)独立主格一般用逗号同句子其他部分分开。独立主格一般用逗号同句子其他部分分开。l 2)表时间，天气的表时间，天气的it可以省略，如：可以省略，如：(It) being Sunday.l 3)There be 结构的独立主格结构是结构的独立主格结构是there being + n. l 4)with +宾语宾语+宾补宾补 有时也可看做独立主格。有时也可看做独立主格。1) The weather _ (好好)， we will go onl _(允许的话允许的话), outing. l _(手里拿着书手里拿着书)。2) There _
17、(be) no buses, we had to sit there l with_ (闭着眼闭着眼)。3）With_ （有这么多问题要解决），（有这么多问题要解决），the newly-elected president is having a hard time.4) Her grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him.(讨论讨论)finepermitting book in handbook in hand our eyes closed our eyes closed beingbeing so many problems to settleso many problems to settle Thanks a lot!
