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1、Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 4 GlobalizationNEW WORDS AND PHRASES globalization n. 全球化 globe n. 球，球状物； 世界； 天体； global adj. 全面的，全局的；全球的； globalize v. (使)全球化 相似构词：nationalization 国有化，民族化，同化internationalization 国际化modernization 现代化D R _ WORD _SWEEP
2、ASIDE1 sweep aside: 扫除，清除；不理会他们对所有的反对意见不予理睬。他们对所有的反对意见不予理睬。They swept all the objections aside.Globalization is sweeping aside national borders.全球化打破了国界。D R _ WORD _ SWEEP ASIDE2Collocation：扫清，迅速消灭扫清，迅速消灭sweep away扫掉，扫掉， 清除清除sweep out眺望，环视眺望，环视sweep over打扫干净，收拾干净打扫干净，收拾干净sweep upD R _ WORD _ ASSET2
3、asset n. 财产，资产；优势，资源； 资本资本/ /固定资产固定资产capital / fixed assets现金资产现金资产cash assets流动资产流动资产liquid/ circulating/ current assets净资产净资产net assets lite: lit, elit n. (法) 精英， 杰出人物；精华；精锐 (Para3, Line4)这些人构成了有决定权的精英集团。这些人构成了有决定权的精英集团。These people form an elite who have the power to make decisions.Collocation:po
4、litical/social/economic elite政治政治/社会社会/经济精英经济精英D R _ WORD _ENTITLE1 entitle: vt.1) give a title to 给给题名，给题名，给取名取名Full-time employees are entitled to receive health insurance.他们有资格享有许多优惠和特权。他们有资格享有许多优惠和特权。They are entitled to enjoy many advantages and privileges.2) give someone the official right to
5、do or have sth. 给予（权利）， 有资格做He entitled the book The Secret Garden.D R _ WORD _FACILITATE facilitate: vt. 促进，助长；使容易；-The new airport will facilitate the development of tourism in the city. -Zip codes are used to facilitate mail service. 邮政编码的使用方便了邮政服务学校都建在同一校区内，以便资源共享。学校都建在同一校区内，以便资源共享。Universities
6、are located in the same campus to facilitate the sharing of resources小事，不要紧的东西小事，不要紧的东西D R _ WORD _AT ODDS WITH at odds with: 与与不一致；与不一致；与相冲突相冲突The government decision to raise taxes was at odds with their policies on inflation.矛盾，不一致矛盾，不一致at odds没有关系，无关紧要没有关系，无关紧要it makes no odds占优势占优势take oddsodds
7、 and endsD R _ WORD _BE COMMITTED TObe committed to （名词（名词/名词性短语）名词性短语） promise to do (sth.); be devoted to中国承诺发展低碳经济。中国承诺发展低碳经济。China is committed to pursuing a low carbon economy.D R _ WORD _ACCELERATE accelerate: v. (cause to) move faster or happen earlierWe must seize all opportunities to accele
8、rate our economic development. 必须抓住一切机遇加快经济发展. The runners accelerated smoothly round the bend. 选手们跑过弯道时平稳地加速。D R _ WORD _BEAT A PATH TO1P99 Lin1-2beat a path to/ beat down sbs door: if people beat a path to your door, they are interested in sth. you are selling, a service you are providing, etc. （大
9、批的人）争先恐后地去接触，纷纷前去找（某人）现在她已经成名现在她已经成名, 她家门庭若市。她家门庭若市。Now that she has become famous, all sorts of people will be beating a path to her door.D R _ WORD _ BEAT A PATH TO2Pattern:beat a path to / beat down sbs door 门庭若市门庭若市beat a big drum for / about 为为鼓吹，为鼓吹，为大肆宣传大肆宣传beat a bargain 还价成交还价成交D R _ WORD _
10、REMARKABLE1 P99 Line6 Asian nations are creating “a remarkable environment of innovation, says John Chambers. remarkable: adj. unusual or surprising and therefore deserving attention or praise 显著的，异常的，引人注目的；非凡的；These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines. 这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响. D R _ WO
11、RD _ STRIKE A BALANCE strike a balance: 求得平衡求得平衡 他发现平衡家庭和工作的关系是很困难的。他发现平衡家庭和工作的关系是很困难的。He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.S R _ READING _ WORD _HERALDherald: vt. announce or signal the approach of先知宣告了巴比伦的毁灭。先知宣告了巴比伦的毁灭。Halloween heralds the beginning of the da
12、rk, cold half of the year.The prophet heralded the destruction of Babylon.A R _ USEFUL EXPRESSIONS 1Useful Expressions 1. 国家认同国家认同national identity2. 扫除扫除sweep aside3. 寻找寻找in search of4. 狂热信徒狂热信徒a fervent believer5. 认为认为identify as6. 毫不迟疑毫不迟疑without any hesitation7. 国际商业精英国际商业精英international busines
13、s liteA R _ SENTENCE TRANSLATION 37.随着边界和对国家的认同变得越来越不重要，有些人将随着边界和对国家的认同变得越来越不重要，有些人将此视作威胁，甚至危险。此视作威胁，甚至危险。As borders and national identities become less important, some find that threatening and even dangerous.5. 欧洲跨国界经营中还有太多障碍，更别提全球经营了。欧洲跨国界经营中还有太多障碍，更别提全球经营了。There are still too many barriers to cr
14、oss-border business in Europe, let alone the world.6. 这听上去也许像狭隘民族主义，但内中确大有学问。这听上去也许像狭隘民族主义，但内中确大有学问。That may sound like a narrow nationalism, yet it contains a hidden wisdom.S R _ READING _ S_ IF ONE WERE If one were having a contest for the most wrongheaded prediction about the world after 9/11, th
15、e winner would be the declaration by the noted London School of Economics professor John Gray that 9/11 heralded the end of the era of globalization.Translate the sentence into Chinese. 如果组织一次对如果组织一次对9/11后的世界局势最错误的预言评选的话，后的世界局势最错误的预言评选的话，冠军将会是著名的伦敦经济学院教授约翰冠军将会是著名的伦敦经济学院教授约翰 格雷所宣称格雷所宣称的的9/11预示着全球化时代的
16、终结。预示着全球化时代的终结。S R _ READING _ WORD _ORIGINATEoriginate: v. come into being, begin to exist所有的理论都来源于实践。所有的理论都来源于实践。All theories originate from practice.His book originated from a newspaper report.S R _ READING _ WORD _GLOBALIZEglobalize: v. make (sth.) become generally accepted all over the world总经理
17、强调，要保持全球化生产成本的竞争力。总经理强调，要保持全球化生产成本的竞争力。The report paints a picture of a world of increasingly globalized education.The General Manager stressed the need to globalize production to remain cost-competitive.S R _ READING _ WORD _NAMELYnamely: adv. that is to say他懂三个国家的外语，即：日语、英语和法语。他懂三个国家的外语，即：日语、英语和法语
18、。There are two ways to slide easily through life: namely, to believe everything, or to doubt everything; both ways save us from thinking.He knows three foreign languages, namely Japanese, English and French.S R _ READING _ WORD _STABLEstable: adj. firmly fixed; not likely to move, change or fail慢下来慢
19、下来, 以稳速回答问题。以稳速回答问题。More and more nomads have settled down and led a stable life.Slow down, and answer questions at a stable pace.NB: stability 是是“stable” 的的名名词词形形式式， 意意为为 “the state or quality of being stable”S R _ READING _ WORD _PHASE OUTphase out: bring or come to an end, one stage at a time即显即显
20、(Polaroid film)胶片早已被淘汰。胶片早已被淘汰。Citing its high cost at a time of tight budgetary constraint, the University of Illinois will phase out an art history program.Polaroid film was phased out long ago.S R _ READING _ WORD _ CURRENCYcurrency: n. money in actual use你的外币账户允许以美元、英镑和欧元提款。你的外币账户允许以美元、英镑和欧元提款。G
21、ermany once had a solid economy, good fiscal and monetary policies，and a hard currency.Your foreign currency account allows withdrawal in USD, GBP and Euros.S R _ READING _ WORD _SUBSIDYsubsidy: n. monetary assistance granted by a government in support of an enterprise regarded as being in the publi
22、c interest 补助金只提供购买补助金只提供购买3500元以下的电脑。元以下的电脑。An increasing number of China export products are facing anti-subsidy lawsuits in foreign countries.The subsidy was offered only for purchases of computers below 3500 yuan. S R _ READING _ WORD _FATIGUEfatigue: n. great tiredness, usu. resulting from hard
23、 work or exercise 他被劳累拖垮了。他被劳累拖垮了。The plane crash was most probably caused by metal fatigue.He was worn down with fatigue.S R _ READING _ WORD _IN EVIDENCEin evidence: plainly visible; easily seen or noticed这位女演员确信她的订婚戒指是引人注目的。这位女演员确信她的订婚戒指是引人注目的。As there was a pattern in evidence in all these murde
24、rs, were quite sure they were committed by the same person.The actress made sure that her engagement ring was in evidence.S R _ READING _ WORD _PARTICIPATIONparticipation: n. the act of taking part in or sharing in sth. 课堂参与占期末成绩的课堂参与占期末成绩的20%。There is a need for more infected persons with HIV/AIDS
25、to come out in the open and take active participation in activities to raise peoples awareness.Participation in class accounts for 20% of your final grade.S R _ READING _ WORD _SO BE ITso be it: (used to express acceptance, esp. of a situation one is not entirely happy with) I accept it as it is 没有什
26、么好做的。就这样吧。没有什么好做的。就这样吧。If its your wish, so be it.There is nothing better to do. So be it.S R _ READING _ WORD _ADD TOadd to: increase 大米的价格最近几月急速上涨，增添了穷人的痛苦。大米的价格最近几月急速上涨，增添了穷人的痛苦。The strike is adding to the chaos, but it is not causing it.Rice prices have risen sharply over recent months, adding t
27、o the pain of the poor.S R _ READING _ WORD _SOFTWAREsoftware: n. computer programs小公司需要更便宜的软件。小公司需要更便宜的软件。India is said to turn out more software engineers than any other country.Small companies need cheaper software.S R _ READING _ WORD _INHERENTinherent: adj. existing as a natural and permanent f
28、eature or quality of sb. / sth. 对美的渴望使我们所有人与生俱来的。对美的渴望使我们所有人与生俱来的。Weight is an inherent property of matter.The desire for beauty is inherent in us all.S R _ READING _ WORD _ADVANTAGEadvantage: n. sth. that puts you in a better position than others天气对我们的小组有利。天气对我们的小组有利。There is an advantage to being
29、multilingual.The weather is of advantage to our team.Collocation：利用，占便宜利用，占便宜take advantage of使最好方面突出，有利地，有效地使最好方面突出，有利地，有效地to advantageS R _ READING _ WORD _A MAJORITY OFa majority of: the greater number or part of大多数的公司禁止在工作期间登陆社会网站。大多数的公司禁止在工作期间登陆社会网站。A new poll shows that a majority of New Yorke
30、rs support gay marriage.A majority of companies prohibit social networking websites at work.S R _ READING _ WORD _YOU BETyou bet: (used for saying “yes” in an emphatic way) you can be sure你发誓这是一个阴谋。你发誓这是一个阴谋。 Are you a fan of Michael Jackson? You bet!You bet its a conspiracy.S R _ READING _ WORD _UP
31、SIDEupside: n. an advantageous aspect恼人的是我们星期四才能旅行恼人的是我们星期四才能旅行, 但好处是票价会更便宜。但好处是票价会更便宜。The upside of the whole thing is that we got a free trip to Africa.Its annoying that we cant travel until Thursday, but the upside is that the fares cheaper then.NB: upside 的的反反义义词词是是 “downside”, 意意为为 “不不利利方方面面，缺缺
32、点点”。例例如如：The downside of the book is that it is written in a rather boring style. 这这本本书书的的缺缺点点是是，它它的写作风格太单调。的写作风格太单调。S R _ READING _ WORD _BLOW UPblow up: damage or destroy violently海盗威胁要炸毁船只。海盗威胁要炸毁船只。We need to blow up the old bridge and build a new one.The pirates threatened to blow up the ship.A
33、 R _ SENTENCE TRANSLATION 11. Huntington argues that Davos Mans global-citizen self-image is starkly at odds with the values of most Americans, who remain deeply committed to their nation.亨廷顿提出，达沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，亨廷顿提出，达沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，与大多数美国人的价值观完全相悖。与大多数美国人的价值观完全相悖。Sentence Translation 2. If the iss
34、ue is the size of the total pie, globalization has proved a good thing. If the issue is how the pie is divided, if youre in the Western world you could question that.如果问题涉及的是整个蛋糕的大小，那全球化已经被证明如果问题涉及的是整个蛋糕的大小，那全球化已经被证明是件好事。如果问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，是件好事。如果问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，那你就会质疑全球化。那你就会质疑全球化。A R _ SENTENCE
35、 TRANSLATION 23. The question is whether it will take another 140 years for Davos Man to figure out how to strike the same balance on a global scale. 问题是，达沃斯人是否需要再花上问题是，达沃斯人是否需要再花上140年，才能搞明年，才能搞明白如何在全球规模上取得同样的平衡。白如何在全球规模上取得同样的平衡。4. 他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定的。他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定的。Both see their ident
36、ity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth.S R _ READING _ S _GLOBALIZATION HAS ITS Globalization has its upsides and downsides, but countries that come at it with the right institutions and governance can get the best out of it and cushion the worst.Translate the sentence into Chi
37、nese.全球化有优点也有缺点，但如果参与全球化的国家有恰全球化有优点也有缺点，但如果参与全球化的国家有恰当的制度和管理，它们就能从中获得最大的好处，并且当的制度和管理，它们就能从中获得最大的好处，并且能缓和最不利的方面造成的影响。能缓和最不利的方面造成的影响。D R _ TEXT 8 Naturally, many Davos Men dont accept Huntingtons terms. Klaus Schwab, the founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum, argues that endorsing
38、 a global outlook does not mean erasing national identity. “Globalization can never provide us with cultural identity, which needs to be local and national in nature.”ost许多达沃斯人自然不同意Huntington的说法。世界经济论坛的创始人兼执行主席Klaus Schwab争辩说，支持全球观并不意味着抹去国家认同。 “全球化绝无可能给予我们文化认同， 因为国家认同必须是本土的和民族的。S R _ READING _ S _GL
39、OBALIZATION FATIGUE IS “Globalization fatigue is still very much in evidence in Europe and America, while in places like China and India, you find a great desire for participation in the economic expansion processes,” said Jairam Ramesh, the Indian Congress Partys top economic adviser. Translate the sentence into Chinese.“全球化疲劳在欧美仍很显著，而在中国和印度这样的全球化疲劳在欧美仍很显著，而在中国和印度这样的地方，你会发现人们急切地想参与到经济扩张进程中来，地方，你会发现人们急切地想参与到经济扩张进程中来，” 印度国大党的首席经济顾问杰伦印度国大党的首席经济顾问杰伦 兰密施说。兰密施说。
