1 指示代词与单复数句型的转换 一、指示代词 this,these, that, those 在这四个指示代词中,this 意为“这”,these 意为“这些”,指离说话人较近的人或物;that 意为“那”,those 意为“那些”,指离说话人较远的人或物例如: This is my brother. 这是我的哥哥 That is blue cup. 那是一个蓝色的杯子 These are her parents. 这些是她的父母 Those are his friends. 那些是他的朋友 当 this 或 that 作主语时,be 动词要用单数形式 is,后面的名词也用单数形式; 当 these 或 those 作主语时, be 动词要用复数形式,后面的名词也用复数形式 当回答含有 this 或 that 作主语的问句, this 或 that 指物时,应用 it 代替句中的 this 或 that;当回答含有 these 或 those 作主语的问句时,应用 they 代替句中的 these 或 those例如: —Is that your pen? 那是你的钢笔吗? —Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
—Are these his grandparents?这些是他的祖父母吗? —No, they aren’t. 不,他们不是 【拓展】在用语中,常用 this 指代“我”,用 that 指代“你”如: Hello! This is Mary. Who is that? 喂!我是玛丽你是哪位? 2 二、单数句与复数句的转换 单数句改为复数句是句型转换中的一个重要题型 将单数句改为复数句常遵循如下规则: 1. 将单数句中的指示代词、人称代词、物主代词、名词及 be 动词等变为对应的复数形式,如 this → these, that→those, he/she/it → they 等例如: This/That is a pen. → These/Those are pens. He is in China. → They are in China. I’m a girl. → We are girls. 2. 将单数句中的不定冠词 a, an 去掉(某些固定搭配除外)例如: It is an orange. → They are oranges. This is a pen. → These are pens. 3. 单数句中的形容词、定冠词、副词、疑问词、介词等保持不变。
例如: The pen is red. → The pens are red. What color is the jacket? → What color are the jackets? 【提示】 1. 作定语表示性别的单数名词在变成复数句时要变成复数形式;作定语表示性质的单数名词在变成复数句后仍用单数形式例如: His friend is a man teacher. →His friends are men teachers. 3 That is an orange tree. →Those are orange trees. 2. 表示单数的物主代词在变成复数句时可根据实际情况变化,有时可仍用单数,有时可改为相对应的复数形式例如: This is his ruler. →These are his/their rulers. She is my friend. →They are my/our friends. 单元语法强化训练 Ⅰ.写出下列单词的复数形式 1.grandparent ___________ 2. friend __________ 3.name ___________ 4. am __________ 5.family __________ 6. that _________ 7.key ___________ 8. it ___________ 9.her ____________ 10. school _____________ Ⅱ.句型转换。
1.Are those your sisters? (作否定回答) No, ________ ________. 2.Is that a cup? (作肯定回答) Yes,________ ________. 3.What is that? (改为复数句) What ________ ________? 4.They’re orange jackets. (改为单数句) _______ _______ orange jacket. 5.Are these your friends? (改为单数句) 4 ________ ________ your friend? 6.She is a nice girl. (改为复数句) ________ ________ nice girls. Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成下列句子,每空一词 1. 这些是他的父母 _______ ________ his _______. 2. 那是你的朋友吗? _______________ your friend? 3. 那些机是什么颜色的? Whatcolor ________ the ________? 4. 她们是我的姐姐。
_______ aremy _______. 5. ——那些是你的弟弟吗? ——是的,他们是 —________________ your ________? —Yes, _______ _______. 单元语法强化训练 Ⅰ . 1.grandparents 2. friends 3. names 4. are 5. families 6. those 7. keys 8. they 9. their/them 10. schools Ⅱ. 1. theyaren’t 2. it is 3. are those 4. It’s an 5. Is this 6. They are 5 Ⅲ. 1. These are, parents 2. Is that 3. are, telephones/phones 4.They, sisters 5. Are those, brother, theyare 。