饮食文化与就餐礼仪

《饮食文化与就餐礼仪》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《饮食文化与就餐礼仪（45页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、Catering Culture饮食文化Dining Etiquette就餐礼仪J Joey Zengoey Zeng2013.07.232013.07.23Chinese Cuisine中 餐Order of Serving Chinese Food中餐上菜的顺序：中餐上菜的顺序：Cold Dish (冷盘)Wine (酒)Drinks (饮料)Hot Dish (热菜)Soup (汤)Dessert (甜食)Fruit (水果)Categorization of Chinese Cuisine Eight Schools of Chinese Cuisine (八大菜系)：1. Sichu

2、an Cuisine 川菜2. Shandong Cuisine 鲁菜3. Cantonese Cuisine 粤菜4. Jiangsu Cuisine 苏菜5. Fujian Cuisine 闽菜6. Hunan Cuisine 湘菜7. Anhui Cuisine 徽菜8. Zhejiang Cuisine 浙菜菜系分类菜系分类Sichuan Cuisine 川菜1) Sichuan dishes are one of the most famous Chinese dishes in the world, and are enjoyed with great popularity all

3、 over the country because of their distinct and various flavors. Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavor, Sichuan cuisine, emphasizes on the use of chili, which gives a distinctively spicy taste, called ma in Chinese. It also attaches much importance to the use of seasonings, so no two dishes

4、ever taste alike. 川菜主要由成都菜和重庆菜组成，历史悠久，享誉中外。四川菜系的烹调技艺精深，调味品多，很有特色。菜肴的口味的丰富而独特，素有“一菜一格，百菜百味”之美称。川菜口味特点是甜、咸、酸、辣、香、鲜、嫩、软、脆十味皆备，又以麻、辣、酸为主。Typical Dishes 代表菜Twice Cooked Pork SlicesTwice Cooked Pork Slices回回 锅锅 肉肉kung Pao Chickenkung Pao Chicken宫宫 保保 鸡鸡 丁丁 2) Shandong Cuisine has been influenced by the “C

5、onfucius Family Dishes”. It is divided into two schools of cookingthe Jinan school and Jiaodong school. The former prides itself on its clear or milk white soups, and the latter on its preparation of seafood. 鲁菜主要由济南菜和胶东菜组成。济南菜取材广泛，品种多，以清香、鲜嫩、味纯为特点、口味略咸，尤精于制汤。胶东菜以烹制海味见长，以鲜为主，口味清淡。Shandong Cuisine 鲁菜

6、 Beijing Roast Beijing Roast DuckDuck北北 京京 烤烤 鸭鸭Sweat and Sour CarpSweat and Sour Carp糖糖 醋醋 鲤鲤 鱼鱼Typical Dishes 代表菜Cantonese Cuisine 粤菜3) Cantonese dishes, composed of Cantonese, Chaozhou and Dongjiang cuisine, are famous for their fresh materials and great tenderness. Cantonese cuisine tastes clear

7、, light, crisp and fresh and it usually chooses raptors and beasts to produce originative dishes. 粤菜由广州、潮州、东江客家菜三种地方菜构成。 粤菜用料广泛新奇，蛇、狗、猫、猴都能制成美味佳肴。菜肴清淡、生脆、爽口。Roast Suckling Roast Suckling PigPig烤烤 乳乳 猪猪Dragon and Tiger Locked in Dragon and Tiger Locked in BattleBattle龙龙 虎虎 斗斗Typical Dishes 代表菜Jiangsu

8、 Cuisine 苏菜4) Jiangsu dishes mainly consist of Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, and Huaian cuisine originating in water villages south of the Yangtze River, and are characterized by its strictness in material selection, the emphasis of cleanness and freshness of its ingredients, as well as the fine workmanship

9、in cutting, matching, cooking and arranging. The flavor of Huaiyang Cuisine is light, fresh and sweet . 苏菜简称淮扬菜，苏菜，以淮安，扬州和苏州菜为代表。概括起来，淮阳菜有如下几个特点：一是选料严谨，制作精细，因材施艺，按时治肴；二是擅长炖、焖、煨、焐、蒸、烧、炒等烹饪方法；三是口味清鲜，咸甜得宜，浓而不腻，淡而不薄；四是注重调汤，保持原汁。Watermelon ChickenWatermelon Chicken西西 瓜瓜 鸡鸡Salted DuckSalted Duck盐盐 水水 鸭鸭Ty

10、pical Dishes 代表菜Fujian Cuisine 闽菜5) Consisting of Fuzhou Cuisine, Quanzhou Cuisine and Xiamen Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine is distinguished for its choice of seafood, beautiful color and magic taste of sweet, sour, salty and savory. 闽菜由福州、泉州、厦门等地方菜组成，以福州菜为代表。烹调的原料多为海鲜。菜肴的特点是色彩绚丽，味鲜而清淡，略带酸甜。Conch SlicesCo

11、nch Slices海海 螺螺 片片Tai Chi PoiTai Chi Poi太极芋泥太极芋泥Typical Dishes 代表菜Hunan Cuisine 湘菜6) Hunan cuisine consists of local dishes from the Xiangjiang River area, Dongting Lake area and Western Hunan mountain area. It characterizes itself by thick and pungent flavor. Chili, pepper and shallot are usually n

12、ecessaries in this division. Typical Hunan dishes are Dongan Fledgling Chicken, Hot-spiced and peppered Fledgling Chicken, Steamed Pickled Meat and Lotus Seed with Rock Candy, etc. 湘菜由湘江流域、洞庭湖和西湖南山区地方菜组成，湘菜普遍辛辣，喜欢放辣椒、胡椒和葱。 湖南菜的代表菜有东安子鸡，麻辣子鸡，蒸腊肉和冰糖湘莲。Stewing DriedporkStewing Driedpork 蒸蒸 腊腊 肉肉Rock Su

13、gar Lotus SeedsRock Sugar Lotus Seeds冰冰 糖糖 湘湘 莲莲 Typical Dishes 代表菜Anhui Cuisine 徽菜7) Anhui cuisine pays much attention to the taste, color of dishes and the temperature in cooking, and are good at braising and stewing. They are experts especially in cooking delicacies from mountains and sea. Anhui

14、dishes preserve most of the original taste and nutrition of the materials. 徽菜以擅长烹调山珍和河鲜而著称。安徽菜口味特点突出三重：重油、重色、重火候。代表菜有红烧果子狸等。Braised Masked Braised Masked CivetCivet红红 烧烧 果果 子子 狸狸Yangmei BallYangmei Ball杨梅丸子杨梅丸子Typical Dishes 代表菜Zhejiang Cuisine 浙菜8) Comprising local cuisines of Hangzhou, Ningbo and

15、Shaoxing, Zhejiang Cuisine wins its reputation for freshness, tenderness, softness, smoothness of its dishes with mellow fragrance. Hangzhou Cuisine is the most famous one among the three. 浙菜由杭州菜、宁波菜、绍兴菜组成，其中以杭州菜为代表。杭州菜形成于南宋时期，刀工讲究，制作精细，口味具有清淡、香脆、细嫩的特点，代表菜有西湖醋鱼，龙井虾仁等。Shrimps with Longjin TeaShrimps

16、with Longjin Tea龙井虾仁龙井虾仁West Lake Vinegar FishWest Lake Vinegar Fish西湖醋鱼西湖醋鱼Typical Dishes 代表菜Chinese Etiquette中 餐 礼 仪Ways to Dinner1. According to scale 1. According to scale 根据规模分：根据规模分： Banquet Banquet 宴会宴会 Family Feast Family Feast 家宴家宴 Light Meal Light Meal 便餐便餐2. According to cutlery 2. Accord

17、ing to cutlery 根据餐具的使用分：根据餐具的使用分： Individually Plate Individually Plate 分餐式分餐式 Public Chopsticks Public Chopsticks 公筷式公筷式 Buffet Buffet 自助式自助式 Mixed Mixed 混餐式混餐式用餐方式Order of Seats12DoorDoor12123451231234561234567DoorDoorDoorDoorDoorDoorDoorDoorDoorDoor座次Order of Seats主位主位9876543211256874主位主位3第二第二主位主

18、位座次Order of Seats1234567主位主位89第二第二主位主位10座次主桌定位主桌定位 (Top table (Top table oriented)oriented)面门定位面门定位 (Gate oriented)(Gate oriented)以远为上以远为上 (Far is better)(Far is better)右高左低右高左低 (Right high, (Right high, Left low)Left low)居中为尊居中为尊 (Center is (Center is better)better)观景为佳观景为佳 (Vision is (Vision is be

19、tter)better)临墙为好临墙为好 (Against wall is (Against wall is better)better)ChopsticksThe dos and donts筷子使用注意事项 Dont lick the chopsticks Dont lick the chopsticks 不论筷子上是否残留着食物，都不要去舔。不论筷子上是否残留着食物，都不要去舔。 Put down the chopsticks while talking Put down the chopsticks while talking 和人交谈时，要暂时放下筷子和人交谈时，要暂时放下筷子 Don

20、t stick in the food Dont stick in the food 不要把筷子竖插放在食物上面。不要把筷子竖插放在食物上面。 The chopsticks is only for adding food The chopsticks is only for adding food 严格筷子的职能。筷子只是用来夹取食物的。严格筷子的职能。筷子只是用来夹取食物的。SpoonThe dos and donts勺子使用注意事项 Try not to use spoon to add foodTry not to use spoon to add food 尽量不要用勺子来取菜。尽量不

21、要用勺子来取菜。 Dont add food overfullDont add food overfull 取菜时，不要盛得太满，免得菜溢出来弄脏桌子或衣服。取菜时，不要盛得太满，免得菜溢出来弄脏桌子或衣服。 Can stay for a while after adding foodCan stay for a while after adding food 可以在勺子盛菜后停留片刻，等汤汁不流时再移向自己。可以在勺子盛菜后停留片刻，等汤汁不流时再移向自己。PlateThe dos and donts碟子使用注意事项 Dont add too much food on the plateDo

22、nt add too much food on the plate 用食碟时，一次不要取放过多的菜肴用食碟时，一次不要取放过多的菜肴 Dont mixed several food on a plateDont mixed several food on a plate 不要把多种菜肴堆放在一起，弄不好它们会相互不要把多种菜肴堆放在一起，弄不好它们会相互“窜味窜味”。CupThe dos and donts水杯使用注意事项The cup is used for water, soda, juice, colaThe cup is used for water, soda, juice, col

23、a 水杯主要是用来盛放清水、汽水、果汁、可乐等饮料的。水杯主要是用来盛放清水、汽水、果汁、可乐等饮料的。Dont backoff the cup Dont backoff the cup 不要倒扣水杯。不要倒扣水杯。Dont use water cup to fill with wine Dont use water cup to fill with wine 不要用水杯来盛酒。不要用水杯来盛酒。Dont spit back to the cup Dont spit back to the cup 喝入口中的东西不能吐回去。喝入口中的东西不能吐回去。What to order菜品如何选择？1

24、1）Appropriate Appropriate 宜选的菜肴宜选的菜肴 Special Chinese Food Special Chinese Food 具有中餐特色的菜肴具有中餐特色的菜肴 Special Local Food Special Local Food 具有本地特色的菜肴具有本地特色的菜肴 Specialty of the restaurant Specialty of the restaurant 本餐馆的看家菜本餐馆的看家菜 Specialty of master Specialty of master 主人的拿手菜主人的拿手菜2 2）Taboo Taboo 禁忌的菜肴禁

25、忌的菜肴Religious taboo Religious taboo 宗教禁忌宗教禁忌Regional taboo Regional taboo 地方禁忌地方禁忌Professional taboo Professional taboo 职业禁忌职业禁忌Personal taboo Personal taboo 个人禁忌个人禁忌Before Dinner餐前表现1. Appropriate Dressed 1. Appropriate Dressed 适度修饰适度修饰 Neat, Elegant, Individualized Neat, Elegant, Individualized 整洁

26、、优雅、个性化整洁、优雅、个性化2. 2. On Time On Time 准点到场准点到场 Arrive on time, dont leave early Arrive on time, dont leave early 勿早勿晚、切勿早退勿早勿晚、切勿早退3. 3. On Your Marks On Your Marks 各就各位各就各位 Sit assigned table and seat Sit assigned table and seat 按指定桌次、位次就座按指定桌次、位次就座4. 4. Active Communication Active Communication 积极

27、交际积极交际 Greet master, talk with friends Greet master, talk with friends 问候主人、联络新老朋友问候主人、联络新老朋友5. 5. Listen to Address Listen to Address 倾听致词倾听致词 Be all ears Be all ears 洗耳恭听、专心致志洗耳恭听、专心致志During Dinner餐时表现1. 1. 不违食俗不违食俗 (Dont break food customs)(Dont break food customs)2. 2. 不坏吃相不坏吃相 (Not bad table ma

28、nners)(Not bad table manners)3. 3. 不去布菜不去布菜 (Dont distribute food)(Dont distribute food)4. 4. 不乱挑菜不乱挑菜 (Dont be choosy in food)(Dont be choosy in food)5. 5. 不争抢菜不争抢菜 (Dont scramble for food)(Dont scramble for food)6. 6. 不玩餐具不玩餐具 (Dont play with cutlery)(Dont play with cutlery)7. 7. 不吸香烟不吸香烟 (No smok

29、ing)(No smoking)8. 8. 不清嗓子不清嗓子 (Dont clear throat)(Dont clear throat)9. 9. 不做修饰不做修饰 (Dont over dressed up)(Dont over dressed up)10. 10. 不乱走动不乱走动 (Dont pace up and down)(Dont pace up and down)Western Cuisine西 餐Order of Serving Western Food西餐上菜的顺序：西餐上菜的顺序：Starter/Appetizer (头盘/开胃菜 )Soup (汤类)Main Cours

30、e (主菜)Salad (色拉)Dessert (甜食)Coffee/Tea (咖啡或茶)Appetizer开胃菜开胃菜Caviar Caviar 鱼子鱼子酱酱Baked Snail Baked Snail 焗蜗焗蜗牛牛Soup汤汤Potato Soup Potato Soup 土豆浓汤土豆浓汤Borscht SoupBorscht Soup 罗宋汤罗宋汤Main Course主菜主菜Roast BeefRoast Beef 烤牛排烤牛排Silver PoutSilver Pout 银鳕银鳕鱼鱼Salad色拉色拉Fruit SaladFruit Salad 水果色水果色拉拉Seafood Sa

31、ladSeafood Salad 海鲜色拉海鲜色拉Dessert甜品甜品Cream Cake Cream Cake 奶油蛋糕奶油蛋糕Strawberry Ice Cream Strawberry Ice Cream 草莓冰淇淋草莓冰淇淋Coffee/Tea咖啡或茶咖啡或茶Coffee Coffee 咖啡咖啡Kongfu Tea Kongfu Tea 功夫茶功夫茶Western Etiquette 西 餐 礼 仪CutleryWash you hands before each meal.Wash you hands before each meal. 餐前洗手。餐前洗手。Knife Knife

32、 and and spoon spoon are are placed placed to to the the right right of of the the plate, plate, the the fork fork is on the left.is on the left. 刀和勺子放在盘子的右侧，叉子放于左侧。刀和勺子放在盘子的右侧，叉子放于左侧。Open the napkin and put it on your lap before eating.Open the napkin and put it on your lap before eating. 餐前将餐巾放于膝盖

33、上。餐前将餐巾放于膝盖上。You You should should use use the the fork fork with with your your left left hand hand and and the the knife knife with with your right hand.your right hand. 左手拿叉，右手拿刀。左手拿叉，右手拿刀。T The he western western cutlery cutlery shoud shoud been been used used from from outside outside to to ins

34、ide inside follow the dishes orderfollow the dishes order。 西餐餐具根据顺序由外到里使用。西餐餐具根据顺序由外到里使用。CutleryDrink & TalkDont drink too much.Dont drink too much. 不要喝太多。不要喝太多。Talk to the people beside you, but dont speak too loudly.Talk to the people beside you, but dont speak too loudly. 和旁边的人聊天，但是不要太大声。和旁边的人聊天，但是不要太大声。How to eatIn In the the USA, USA, you you are are not not supposed supposed to to eat eat with with your your hands. hands. But in India you can.But in India you can. 在美国，不能用手抓食物，但在印度，可以用手。在美国，不能用手抓食物，但在印度，可以用手。Eat only from your plate.Eat only from your plate. 只能吃自己盘子里的食物。只能吃自己盘子里的食物。