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1、BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Lecturor: Dong XiaoyeLecturor: Dong XiaoyeStudents: English majors of 07. 2Students: English majors of 07. 2Time: The 2nd semester of 08-09Time: The 2nd semester of 08-09Venue: 416, No. 2 BuildingVenue: 416, No. 2 BuildingReference Book: CCE 4Reference Book: CCE 4Les
2、son 1 Thinking as a Hobby1BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Quotations on ThinkingQuotations on Thinking“What is the hardest task in the world? To think.” Ralph Waldo EmersonThe end of Quotations on Thinking.2BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Text AppreciationText AppreciationI.Text Analysis 1. Theme2
3、. Structure3. General Analysis4. Further Questions on AppreciationII. Writing Devices 1. Metonymy 4. Hyperbole 2. Synecdoche 5. Simile 3. Irony 6. MetaphorIII. Sentence Paraphrase3BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisThinking is not just for professional thinkers like phil
4、osophers. It is something all educated people should enjoy doing, and it is considered one of the most precious qualities in young scholars for the healthy mental development. ThemeThe end of Theme.4BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Part 1 (Paras. 124 ) about:Part 2 (Paras. 2529) about:Part 3 (Paras.
5、 3035) about:I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisStructureHow the subject of thinking was first brought up to the author and his understanding of the nature of “grade-three thinking” The authors analysis of the nature of “grade-two thinking” The end of Structure.The authors understanding of the “grade-on
6、e thinking” and his desire for it5BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisHow are the three statuettes described by the boy and what do they symbolize?Scan the text and list out the related information.To be continued on the next page.VenusLeopardRodins Thinkernaked with noth
7、ing but a bath towel; no arms; in an unfortunate positioncrouching; nakednaked, muscular, who sat, looking down; his chin on his fist and elbow on his kneefrozen in panic, worrying about the towelbusying being beautifulready to spring down at the top drawer from the cupboardutterly miserable; contem
8、plate the hindquarters of the leopard in endless gloombusy being naturalnot miserable, an image of pure thought6BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisThey represented the whole of life. The leopard stood for all animal needs or desires; Venus stood for love and the Thinker
9、stood for thinking as a uniquely human feature.An humorous and sarcastic effect has been achieved by the authors description of the statuettes, which established a background to support his later analysis of three grades of thinking and some human natures.To be continued on the next page.Question: W
10、hat do the three statuettes symbolize? What effect do the boys descriptions have?BTLEWL7BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisTo be continued on the next page.Question: How did the author describe the following figures to demonstrate his analyses of different grades of thin
11、king?Headmaster: nothing human in his eyes, no possibility of communication (not understand his students)Me, the boy: delinquent, not integrated, misunderstanding the symbolic meaning of the statuettes, couldnt thinkMr. Houghton: ruined by alcohol, preaching high-moral life but showing hypocritical
12、and prejudiced natureA pious lady: who hated German with the proposition of loving enemies8BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisTo be continued on the next page.Ruth: foolish argument, illogical and fled at lastBritish Prime Minister: talking about the great benefit confer
13、ring on India by jailing Nehru and GandhiAmerican politicians: talking about peace and refusing to join the League of NationsMe, the author: not easily stampede, detect contradiction; turned into a professional thinkerQuestion: How did the author describe the following figures to demonstrate his ana
14、lyses of different grades of thinking?9BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisThe summary of the characteristics of the three grades of thinking Grade-threeGrade-twoGrade-onecharacteristicsexamplesIgnorance, hypocrisy, prejudice, self-satisfied, contradictionsMr. Houghton, n
15、ine tens of peopleDetecting contradictions; do not stampede easily; lag behind, a withdrawal, destroy but not createRuth, the author, (maybe) some acquaintancesTo find out what is truth, based on a logical moral systemfar and few between, only in booksthinkingThe end of General Analysis.10BTLEWLesso
16、n 1Thinking as a Hobby 1. What does the author mean when he say “ I dropped my hobby and turned professional”?2. Why is the author much more conclusive and informative about grade-three and grade-two thinking than about grade-one? What do you think grade-one thinking is? Have you got any indication
17、from the essay?3. Give examples of Goldings wit. Does his sense of humor and the use of some writing devices help him achieve his purpose in this essay? Give some examples. I. I.Text AnalysisText AnalysisFurther Questions on AppreciationThe end of Text Analysis.BTLEWL11BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hob
18、by II.II.Writing DevicesWriting DevicesMetonymy （转喻）In metonymy, an idea is evoked or named by means of term designating some associated notion. “It” stands for “thought” in grammar, but actually refers to Mr. Houghton, and it is vulgar to refer to a girl as a skirt.It will lecture on disinterested
19、purity while its neck is being remorselessly twisted toward a skirt. (Para. 23)Mr. HoughtonMore examples To be continued on the next page.girls12BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.II.Writing DevicesWriting Devices The burglar was in Sallys mind all day long. (burglar=some idea of the burglar) Democ
20、racy favors the vote rather than the bullet. (Vote=election, bullet=military solutions) “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.” (Mao Zedong refers it to the military revolution) Bill Gates is the king of operating systems worldwide. (Bill Gates = Microsoft) The pen is mightier than the s
21、word. (pen = writer; sword = fighter)ComparisonsynecdocheTo be continued on the next page.13BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.II.Writing DevicesWriting DevicesSynecdoche （提喻）To be continued on the next page.Synecdoche can be included in metonymy, and it refers to the substitution of the part for t
22、he whole or of the whole for the part. If we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. (Para. 27) (head = person) There are two mouths to feed in my family. (mouth = person) God bless the hands that prepared this food. (hand = person)14BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.II.Writ
23、ing DevicesWriting DevicesIrony （反语）To be continued on the next page.Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. Technically, it is about as proficient as most businessmens golf, as honest as most politici
24、ans intentions, or as coherent as most books that get written. (Para. 23) Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life, sexless and full of duty. (Para. 20)15BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.II.Writing DevicesWriting DevicesTo be continued on the next page.It is the delibe
25、rate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance.You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and coll
26、apse there, useless for the rest of the morning. (Para. 19)Hyperbole （夸张）16BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.II.Writing DevicesWriting DevicesTo be continued on the next page.Simile （明喻）It makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To ma
27、ke the comparison, words like “as”, “as. as”, “as if” and “like” are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. They all came tumbling down like so many rotten apples off a tree. (Para. 31) Man enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill. (Para. 2
28、4)17BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.II.Writing DevicesWriting DevicesMetaphor （暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. He seems to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck. (Para. 20) It took the swimmer some distance from the shore and left him there, out of his depth. (Para. 29)The end of Writing Devices.18BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Thinking as a HobbyThinking as a HobbyTo be continuedTo be continued1919
