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1、第 1 页 省略 真题再现 1. That is why I help brighten peoples days. If you _ , whos to say that another person will? A. did not B. do not C. were not D. have not 2. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health. A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out
2、D. to carry out 3. Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 4. Some of you may have finished unit one. _, you can go on to unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 5. Who should be responsible
3、 for the accident? The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order . A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told 1. B。句意：那就是为什么我要改善人们的生活。如果你不（改善人们的生活） ，谁能说别的人愿意（改善人们的生活）呢？if 引导的条件状从的主句和从句都针对上文省略了。 2. C。本句的句子的主语是 the experiment；谓语动词是 shows；that 引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干事：proper amounts o
4、f exercise can improve our health, if_ regularly 是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是 proper amounts of exercise, 此时应用 it 代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有 is, 故省略了 it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验表明, 适当的运动, 如果有规律的进行, 能够有助于我们的身体健康。 3. C。在 if 引导的条件状语从句中, 从句中还原应为 if I am not tired from work, 根据省略的原则, 所以答案选 C。 4.
5、D。 If so = If you have done that / so 你们中的一些人可能已经完成第一单元, 如果是这样的话, 你们可以继续第二单元。 5. A。此题考查状语从句的省略。as told=as they were told, 此处是 as 引导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致, 且谓语动词含有 be 时, 将从句的主语和 be 省略。又因为 workers 与 tell 之间是被动关系, 排除 C、D。 知识讲解 为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况： 简单句中的省略 1.省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语多限于一些现成的
6、说法。 (I) Thank you for your help. （括号内为省略的词语,下同） (I)See you tomorrow. (It) Doesnt matter. 2.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。 (Ill say.)A word about your composition. (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him? ( Have you)Got a light? 3.省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留 to。 Jack didnt pass the dr
7、iving test，but he still hope to. Are you going there? 第 2 页 Id like to (go there). He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance). 注意：如果该宾语是 be 动词或完成时态，则须在 to 之后加上 be 或 have。 Are you an engineer? No, but I want to be. He hasnt finished the task yet. Well, he ought to h
8、ave. 4.省略表语。 Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty). 5.同时省略几个成分。 Lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday. Have you finished your work? (I have) Not (finished my work) yet. 并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. I study at college and my sister
9、(studies) at high school. The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too. The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad. 主从复合句中的省略 在含有状语从句的复合句中，若从句的主句是 it 或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有 be时，常省略从句的主语和 be。 时间状语从句： I met her while (I was) walking on the street. Often
10、she would cry when (she was) alone. Whenever (it is) possible, the children should play outside in the fresh air. Once it was a poor island, Hainan now has become a hot tourist resort. 条件状语从句： I wont go there unless (Im) invited. Ill go with you if (its) possible/necessary. His opinion, whether (its
11、) right or wrong, should be considered. If (you are) in doubt, ask at your local library. 让步状语从句： Though (its) not large, the room was well lit. Although (he is) still young, his hair turns grey. Things were beginning to improve, even if/though (they were) not quickly enough. 方式状语从句： Things didnt go
12、 as (they were) expected. He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something. 地点状语从句： Avoid structures of this kind wherever (it is) possible. Fill in blanks with articles where (it is) necessary. 比较状语从句： John plays football as well as, if not better than, David. Ive never heard a better voice.
13、He dislikes it as we. 第 3 页 He loved her more than ever. I shall come along as often as possible. 其他省略 连词 that 的省略： 宾语从句中常省略连词 that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看“名词性从句”等有关部分） 。 在定语从句中，that 在从句中作宾语时可省略。 引导主语从句、同位语从句、同位语从句等的连词 that 一般不可省略。 不定式符号 to 的省略 1. 并列的不定式可省去后面的 to。 I told him to sit down and (to) wait for a mo
14、ment. 2. 某些使役动词（如 let, make, have）及感官动词（如 see, watch, notice, hear, feel 和 listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去 to，但在被动语态中须把 to 复原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. 3. 在 can not but, can not choose but, do nothing but.， cant help but.， prefer to do rather than do .，wo
15、uld do. rather than.之后的动词不定式一般不带 to；but 之前有实义动词 do 的某个形式 do, does, did, done 而且其宾语是 something，nothing，anything 和 everything 等不定代词时，也不带 to, 否则要带 to。 The boy did nothing but play. 4. 动词不定式在 like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise 等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常
16、承前省略不定式后的内容，但要保留不定式符号 to。 Did you get a ticket? No, I meant to (get one), but there werent any left. 特别注意：want, like 用在 when, if, what，as 引导的从句中，其后的 to 也常可省略 Ive decided to do what I like. 5. 在 why, why not 引导的特殊问句中后跟省略 to 的动词不定式。 Why talk so much about it? Why not try it again? if 省略 连词 if 在部分虚拟条件句
17、中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见“倒装句”有关部分） 主句与从句各有一些成分省略 The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be). 5.根据不同语境可省略不同成分。如：only if，if only Only if he turns over a new leaf. （除非他重新做人。 ） If only I could be master of this subject. 6.特殊疑问句的省略。 Where to? =Where are you going to? What for? What do you come here for? Wh
18、y not do it? =Why dont you do it? How/What about (sb) doing sth.? Whats on tonight? Whats up? 8.命令和请求 第 4 页 No talking！ Silent, everybody! 高考常考到的省略形式 一、并列句的省略 在并列句中，如果所连接的两个句子有相同的句子成分，在不影响句意表达的情况下，通常可以省略后一成分中的相同成分，以使句子简洁。 Some came by land and some by water. 一些人从陆路来，也有一些从水路来。 二、宾语从句的省略 宾语从句的省略通常只保留引
19、导宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词。 I have left my keys somewhere and I dont exactly where. 三、状语从句的省略 当状语从句和主句主语相同并且从句谓语动词包含 be 时，通常可以省略从句的主语和动词be。这类状语从句涉及时间、条件、让步、地点、方式等状语从句。 If caught, the thief could face up to five years in prison. If the weather is fine，we will go. If not, not. 四、主句的省略 在对话中，为了避免重复，只保留从句的内容而将整个主句省略。 “Will you go there with me?” “Yes, though my parents dont allow me.” 五、只保留 not 的省略 当前后句句式相同，但第二句是第一句的否定情况时，通常只保留 not。 Do you mind my smoking here? Better not.
