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1、 形容词和副词形容词和副词Grammar Focus1、The flowers are very _. (beautiful)2、The girls are sitting there _ .(quiet)3、Theyre talking very _ . (loud)4、We can get there _. (easy)5、The problems are _.(easy)6、Theyre living a _ life. (happy)7、Eating too much meat is _.(bad)8、He plays the piano _ .(bad)9、They have new
2、 _(bright) classroom.10、The sun is shining _ . (bright)形容词，副词的比较级和最高级。形容词，副词的比较级和最高级。 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。一、构成一、构成1. 1. 构成的不规则变化构成的不规则变化: :eg. good / well better best ill/bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / farthest further/ f
3、urthest(更进一步）更进一步） oldolder/oldest -elder/eldest (年长的年长的)2. 构成的规则变化构成的规则变化:1) 单音节词和少数双音节词单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾后加一般在词尾后加-er 或或-est. 如：如：cold colder coldest nice nicer nicest clever-cleverer-cleverest2) 重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时时, 先双写这个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母, 再加再加-er或或-est。如如: big bigger biggest thin thinn
4、er thinnest 3) 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，结尾的双音节词， 先改先改y为为i, 再加再加-er或或-est。如：。如： easy easier easiest happy happier happiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest funny-funnier-funniest early-earlier-earliest healthy-healthier-healthiest friendly-friendlier-friendliest -more friendly-most friendly 4) 多音节词和部分双音节词在词多音节词和
5、部分双音节词在词前加前加more或或most。如：。如： delicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting popular -more popular -most popular二二、原级用法、原级用法1.A+谓语谓语+as+原级原级+as+B。 (A=B) “A和和B一样一样” A+谓语谓语+not+ as/so+原级原级+as+B (AB)eg. I am taller than Tom.My dress is more beautiful than hers.2. m
6、uch，far，even, still, a lot ; a bit, a little;no,any 修饰比较级修饰比较级 She is no richer than me.=She is as rich as me.3.选择疑问句，选择疑问句，A or B？ Which do you like better, coffee or tea?4. the +比较级比较级+of the two eg. Tina is the taller of the twins.5.比较级比较级 and 比较级（单音节词或部分双音节比较级（单音节词或部分双音节词）词） “越来越越来越” eg. Our cou
7、ntry is becoming stronger and stronger. more and more +多音节词或双音节词多音节词或双音节词 eg. Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 6. the +比较级比较级+从句，从句，the +比较级比较级+从句从句 “越越，越，越” eg. The harder you study, the better grades you get.四、四、最高级用法（最高级用法（表示表示三者或三者以上三者或三者以上 (人或人或事物事物 ) 的比较的比较, 其中有一个在某其中有一个在某一方面超过
8、一方面超过其他其他几个几个时时, 用最高级）。用最高级）。1.最高级的最高级的前面一般要加定冠词前面一般要加定冠词 the, 2.主语主语+谓语谓语+最高级最高级+of /among +类别的词语类别的词语 主语主语+谓语谓语+最高级最高级+in+范围的词语范围的词语 eg. He is the tallest of the boys in our class.3. much，by far，the +序数词序数词,修饰最高级修饰最高级 eg. Huanghe is the second longest river in China.4. one of +the+最高级最高级+名词复数名词复数
9、“最之一” eg. Paris is one of the biggest cities in the world.5.选择疑问句，选择疑问句，A，B or C？一、忌不同类事物进行比较。一、忌不同类事物进行比较。 他的电脑比我的便宜。他的电脑比我的便宜。 误：误：His computer is cheaper than I. 正：正：His computer is cheaper than mine. 析：在比较级的句子中，相比较的双方必析：在比较级的句子中，相比较的双方必须是同类事物，否则会造成歧义。这里须是同类事物，否则会造成歧义。这里mine=my computer。误：误：The p
10、opulation of China is larger than India.正：正： The population of China is larger than that(=the population) of India.中国的人口比印度的人口多。中国的人口比印度的人口多。误：误：The students of Class Two study harder than Class One.正：正：The students of Class Two study harder than those of Class One. 二班的学生比一班的学生读书用功。二班的学生比一班的学生读书用功。误
11、：误：In winter it is colder in Beijing than Shanghai. 正：正：In winter, it is colder in Beijing than in Shanghai. 冬天北京比上海冷。冬天北京比上海冷。 二、忌自己与自己进行比较。二、忌自己与自己进行比较。1. 比尔比他班上的其他男孩都高。比尔比他班上的其他男孩都高。 误：误：Bill is taller than any boy in his class. 正：正：Bill is taller than any other boy in his class.正：正：Bill is talle
12、r than the other boys in his class. 析：在比较级的句子中，同一类人或物在同一析：在比较级的句子中，同一类人或物在同一范围内进行比较，要把自己排除在比较范围之范围内进行比较，要把自己排除在比较范围之外。外。 2. 玛丽歌唱得比班里的任何一个男孩都好。玛丽歌唱得比班里的任何一个男孩都好。 误：误：Mary sings better than any other boy in her class. 正：正：Mary sings better than any boy in her class. 析：在比较级的句子中，主语和范围之外的人析：在比较级的句子中，主语和范
13、围之外的人或事进行比较时用或事进行比较时用any + 单数名词单数名词。又如：。又如： Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.（上海比日本的任何一个城市都要大。）（上海比日本的任何一个城市都要大。）但是：但是：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（上海比中国任何一个其他城市都大。）（上海比中国任何一个其他城市都大。）三、忌错用修饰词。三、忌错用修饰词。吉姆比他妹妹大得多。吉姆比他妹妹大得多。 误：误：Jim is very older than his sister. 正：正：Jim is
14、 much older than his sister. 析：比较级前面常用析：比较级前面常用much, a little, far, even（更），（更），a lot, still（更）等副词来修饰，表（更）等副词来修饰，表示程度，不可用示程度，不可用very, too, quite等词来修饰。等词来修饰。四、忌错用表示范围的介词。四、忌错用表示范围的介词。 李玲在我们班年龄最小。李玲在我们班年龄最小。 误：误：Li Ling is the youngest of our class. 正：正：Li Ling is the youngest in our class. 析：表示范围的短语有
15、析：表示范围的短语有1）in + ones/the + n. 在在里里2）of + the + 数词数词 + 名词复数名词复数 在几个在几个中中3）of + all + the +名词复数名词复数 在所有的在所有的中中如：如：Tom writes best of the three boys. 在这三在这三个男孩中，汤姆写字最好。个男孩中，汤姆写字最好。 五、忌错用主格宾格。五、忌错用主格宾格。 下面两句话中，下面两句话中，than后面一句用后面一句用I， 一句用一句用me,两者都可两者都可以。以。 He is taller than I. 他比我长得高。他比我长得高。 He is talle
16、r than me. (多用于口语中多用于口语中)但是有些句子中，用主格和宾格时意义不同。例如：但是有些句子中，用主格和宾格时意义不同。例如： I like the boy better than her.我喜欢那个男孩胜于喜欢她。我喜欢那个男孩胜于喜欢她。 I like the boy better than she.我比她更喜欢那个男孩。我比她更喜欢那个男孩。 Mr Smith likes his friend better than his wife. 史密斯先史密斯先生比他的妻子更喜欢他的朋友。生比他的妻子更喜欢他的朋友。(也可理解为：史密斯也可理解为：史密斯先生喜欢他的朋友胜过喜欢自
17、己的妻子先生喜欢他的朋友胜过喜欢自己的妻子)如果把省略的部分写出来，便可避免歧义：如果把省略的部分写出来，便可避免歧义：Mr Smith likes his friend better than he likes his wife. 史密斯先生喜欢他的朋友胜过喜欢自己的妻子。史密斯先生喜欢他的朋友胜过喜欢自己的妻子。六、几种句型的转换六、几种句型的转换同一个意思往往可以用不同的句型来表达。例如：同一个意思往往可以用不同的句型来表达。例如：Jack is taller than Jill. 杰克比吉尔长得高。杰克比吉尔长得高。=Jill is shorter than Jack.吉尔长得比杰克矮
18、。吉尔长得比杰克矮。Jill is less tall than Jack.=Jill is not as tall as Jack. 吉尔长得不如杰克高。吉尔长得不如杰克高。 This book is less interesting than that one. =This book is not as interesting as that one. 这本书不如那本有趣。这本书不如那本有趣。 Bill is the tallest boy in his class.=Bill is taller than any other boy in his class.=Bill is talle
19、r than the other boys in his class.=Nobody is taller than Bill in his class.一、词汇一、词汇1、The flowers are very _. (beautiful) The girl sings _ than the boy. (beautiful) 2、The girls are sitting there _ . (quiet)3、Theyre talking very _ . (loud)4、We can get there _ . (easy)5、Theyre getting ready for the sp
20、orts meeting _ . (busy)beautifulmore beautifullyquietly loudly easily busily 6、Theyre living a _ life. (happy)7、The wind is blowing_ . (strong)8、He plays the piano _ .(bad)9、Jim works _ than Tom. (hard) 10、The sun is shining _ . (bright)happystronglybadlyharderbrightly1.The white shirt is as _ as th
21、e yellow one. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest2.You know _ about it than Tom does. A. even little B. even less C. more little D. more less3.This garden is _ that one. A. ten times as long as B. ten times longer as C. ten times longer as D. as long as ten times二、单项选择二、单项选择A B A 4.The e
22、arth is getting _ . A. warm and warmer B. warmer and warm C. warmer and warmer D. warm, and warm5.Which one is _ , football or basketball? A. more popular B. popular C. popularer D. much popular6. He runs _ of the four boys. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. fastest7.The fifth orange is _ of all .
23、 Give it to that small child. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggestC ADD8.Allan is one of _ popular teachers in the school. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most9.Which city is _ , Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A .beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful10.-D
24、o they like him? -YesHe is _ a kind man A. very B. so C. much D. suchDDDExercise一、词汇一、词汇1、The flowers are very _. (beautiful) The girl sings _ than the boy. (beautiful) 2、The girls are sitting there _ . (quiet)3、Theyre talking very _ . (loud)4、We can get there _ . (easy)5、Theyre getting ready for th
25、e sports meeting _ . (busy)beautifulmore beautifullyquietly loudly easily busily 6、Theyre living a _ life. (happy)7、The wind is blowing_ . (strong)8、He plays the piano _ .(bad)9、Jim works _ than Tom. (hard) 10、The sun is shining _ . (bright)happystronglybadlyharderbrightly1.The white shirt is as _ a
26、s the yellow one. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest2.You know _ about it than Tom does. A. even little B. even less C. more little D. more less3.This garden is _ that one. A. ten times as long as B. ten times longer as C. ten times longer as D. as long as ten times二、单项选择二、单项选择A B A 4.T
27、he earth is getting _ . A. warm and warmer B. warmer and warm C. warmer and warmer D. warm, and warm5.Which one is _ , football or basketball? A. more popular B. popular C. popularer D. much popular6. He runs _ of the four boys. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. fastest7.The fifth orange is _ of a
28、ll . Give it to that small child. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggestC ADD8.Allan is one of _ popular teachers in the school. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most9.Which city is _ , Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A .beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful10.-Do they like him? -YesHe is _ a kind man A. very B. so C. much D. suchDDD
