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1、状状 语语 从从 句句讲讲 练练 用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。一些从属连词。例：Whenyoucrosstheroad,youmustbecareful.当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词）IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus.我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。（because是从属连词）.Ifsheasksme,Illtellher.她如果问我，我就告诉她。（if是从属连词）Youlookasifyouneedarest.你像是需要休息似的。（asif是从属连词）.状语从句状语从句状语
2、从句的位置状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于比较灵活，有时可以放于句句首首，有时可以置于，有时可以置于句末句末。状语从句。状语从句位于句首位于句首时时，其后，其后常用逗号常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。与后面的句子隔开。 状语从句状语从句可以根据其可以根据其用途用途分为：分为：时间时间状语从句、状语从句、地点地点状语从句、状语从句、原因原因状语从状语从句、句、结果结果状语从句、状语从句、目的目的状语从句、状语从句、条件条件状状语从句、语从句、让步让步状语从句、状语从句、比较比较状语从句、状语从句、方方式式状语从句。状语从句。1. 1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：afte
3、r,before,when,while,whenever,assoonas,themoment,as,since,until,theminute,thesecond,immediately,directly,instantly等。例：Theballgoesupveryhighafterithitstheground.这球着地后蹦得很高。Waituntilyourecalled.你等着叫你吧！Whenhecame,Iwascooking.他来时，我在做饭。IllcallyouassoonasIcomeback.我一回来就给你打电话。Beforetheycameback,wehadfinished
4、thework.他们回来前，我们已经完成工作了。Wehaventseeneachothersinceheleft.从他离开后我们没见过面。 when: 持续性非持续性动词都可以持续性非持续性动词都可以当当时时正在正在忽然忽然Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?sb.wasdoingwhensbwasabouttodo/wasgoingtodowhensbhasjustdonewhenwhen=atthistime/atthattimeWhen的其他含义：Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?在的情况下Howcanweexplain
5、ittoyouwhenyouwontlisten?ifWhyareyouherewhenyoushouldbeinschool?本该而while的其他含义：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_)WhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_)whenalthoughaslong
6、asbutas:当时；一边一边；随着某事一发生，另一事立即发生两个动作同时发生Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.as的常见用法：1.Shesangas sheworked.一边一边2.Smartas heis,hedoesntstudyhard.虽然（倒装）3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.像.一样4. Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.由于before在前Itwillbe
7、halfayearbeforeIcomeback.It wont be half a year before we meetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.肯定句“才”否定句“就”itwillbe+一段时间before.多久之后才.itwontbe+一段时间before.不久就.theminute,thesecond等等名名词词短短语语可可以以引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句： 1.1.EEveryvery timetime I I waswas inin tr
8、ouble,trouble, hehe wouldwould comecome totohelpme.helpme.2.2.NNextexttimetimeyouyoucome,come,dodorememberrememberbringbringyouryoursonsonhere.here.3.3.FFirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.irsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.4. YouYouarearewelcomewelcometotocomecomebackbackanyanytimetimeyou
9、youwantwantto.to.5.5.LLasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.asttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：语法规则：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。“一就”“刚.就”我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）时态要求：改错:Ihardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.翻译为“刚就”的连接词有时态要求：主句谓语动词用主句谓语动词用had done, 从句用从句用didI will call you a
10、s soon as I arrive in Shanghai.had以一般现在时代替将来时以一般现在时代替将来时no sooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.whentill,until和notuntil：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：Hewontgotobedtill/untilshere
11、turns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.（强调句）NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.（倒装）易混淆句型itis+时间+sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.It was five years _he finished hisresearch.Itwasfiveyearslater_h
12、efinishedhisresearch.Itwas5oclock_hegothome.Itwasat5oclock_hegothome.sincewhenthatbeforethat1._hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2._hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang_sheworked.4.Therewasanapplause_sheappearedonthestage.WhenWhile/Whenasthemoment(assoonas)theminute/thesecond/immediately/direct
13、ly/instantly5.Itwontbelong_hefinisheshiswriting.6._hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears_hecamehere.8._Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.9._shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.beforeAftersinceEverytime/eachtimeUntil2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句由where,wherever等引导。例如：Hewenttowhere his father worked fi
14、ve years ago.Youcantakeawalkwherever you like to.-Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?-Headvisedmetolivewhere the air is fresher?3. 3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句通常由because,as,since,nowthat,considering(that),seeing(that)等词引导。because语气较强，用以回答why问句as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。for 放句中，引导后半句表原因。放句中，
15、引导后半句表原因。nowthat既然，表示原因放在句首。consideringthat考虑到鉴于（考虑到鉴于（ 句首）句首）seeingthat 鉴于由于既然因为鉴于由于既然因为（句首）（句首）1._hewasill,hedidntgotoschool.2._youdonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.4._classisover,letsgotoplayfootball.5.Hemustbeill,_heisabsenttoday.BecauseSinceNow thatfor6.I
16、eatpotatoes_Ilikethem.我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7._Ididntknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.我由于不知道路，因而问警察。8._youwonthelpme,Illasksomeoneelse.你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince4. 4. 结果状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句常用sothat,suchthat等关联词引导。e.g.Heissoyoungthathecantgotowork.他如此小以致于他不能上班。Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.他
17、工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。Itssuchagoodchancethatwemustntmissit.机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。1. It is _good a story that Illneverforgetit.2.Itis_agoodstorythatIllneverforgetit.sosuch 5. 5. 目的状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句常由sothat,inorderthat等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）,shall（should）,will（would）,can(could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例：Speakclearlysoth
18、attheymayunderstandyou.你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。1.Theysetoutearly_theymightarrivethereintime.2.Takeyourraincoat_itshouldrain.3.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetree_hisfathershouldseehim.so that (in order that)in casein case/for fear that4. Id like to arriv
19、e 20 minutes early_Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat5.Youdbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor_youhavetowait.A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat 6. 6. 条件状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless,as(so)longas.if,once,as/solongas，asfaras，unless，onconditionthat，incase
20、 等。等。Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。Youllcatchacoldunlessyouputonyourcoat.你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。Hewilldoanythingaslongasitisinteresting.只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。1. _ you touch an English person, you should say “sorry”.2. _ they are dirty, certain seas are not able to clean themselves.3. _we dont los
21、e heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.4. _I know you shouldnt have any problem there.IfOnceAs long asAs far as5. You can have my bicycle for a fewdays _ you return it by Sunday.6. _ anything importanthappens, please call me up.7. _ you had one million dollars, what would you do?8. Dont
22、 touch anything _ yourteacher tells you to.on condition thatIn caseSuppose/Supposingunless 7. 7. 让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though,although,eventhough等。Thoughhewasill,hewasstillworking.他虽然有病，但仍然继续工作。Althoughitisdifficult,weshalldoit.此事虽难，但我们还是要做。Eventhoughyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你
23、这样说，我也不信。此外，让步状语从句还可以用whether/nomatterwhether，whoever/nomatterwho，whatever/nomatterwhat，whenever/nomatterwhen等引导，意为“不管”,“无论”例如:Ithasthesameresult,whichever way you do it.Iwillgo,whether you come with me or stay at home.注：though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用，例：Thoughhe
24、workedhard,hecouldntpasstheexam.虽然他很努力，但还是没通过考试。1. _he is old ,heworkshard.2. _you say so,I dontbelieveit.3.Smart_heis,hedoesntstudyhard.4.Theold towermustbe saved, _thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverAlthough/ThoughEventhough(evenif)as8.比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than或asas，themorethemore等引导。than表示两
25、者的比较，asas表示程度相同的比较；Themorethemore表示”越越”。例：Thatbookismoreinterestingthanthisone.那本书比这本有趣。HerunsasfastasI（do）.他和我跑得一样快。ThemoreIseehim,thelessIlikehim.我越看他就越不喜欢。1.Hedoesntworksohard_youdo.2.Themoreyouworry,_youllsucceed.3.Shedidworseinthetest_sheexpected.asthelessthan9 9. . 方式状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句由as,asif,a
26、sthough等引导。例如:Youcandoitas what I just did.Icouldntmovedmylegs.Itwasas if they were stuck to the floor. Hesounds as though he s got a sore throat.1.Youmusttrytodo_Idid.2.Theoldladytreatstheboy_hewereherson.asif/thoughas注：1比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。如果后面的句子主语为主格时，可以加助动词、情态动词等。HecanjumphigherthanIcan.他能比我跳得高
27、。HecamelaterthanLiLeidid.他比李磊来得晚。注：2becauseof和because的区别becauseof后加名词代词或动名词，不加句子，而because加句子，例：Becauseofhisillness,hedidntgotowork.因为生病，他没上班。Becausehewasill,hedidntgotowork.在条件和时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时。Ifitdoesntrain,wellgofishing.明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。Assoonashecomesback,Illlethimknowit.他一回来，我就让他知道这事。if构成条
28、件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。例如:Idontknowifhewillcometomorrow.（宾从）我不知道他明天是否来。Ifhecomes,Illtellyou.（Illtellyouifhecomes.）如果他来，我会告诉你。【模拟试题模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）（）1.Didhetellyou_attheschoolgate?A.whohewaitedforB.whoishewaitingC.whodidhewaitforD.whohewaswaiting（）2.Doyouknow_?A.whoisheB.whathei
29、sC.whatisheD.whoheisA D（）3.Idontknow_.A.wheredoeshecomefromB.wherehedoescomefromC.wherehecomefromD.wherehecomesfrom（）4.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_gettotheplane?Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.A.howcanweB.howwecanC.wherecanweD.wherewecan D B（）5.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent_classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.how
30、D.when（）6.Doyouknow_afterschooleveryday?A.whatdoeshedoB.hedoeswhatC.whathedoesD.doeshedowhat A C（）7.Haveyoudecided_withme?A.whowillyougoB.whowillgoC.whowentD.whodidyougo（）8.Heaskedme_.A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Ol
31、ympicbeheld B C（）9.KatehasgonetoShanghaiandIdontknow_tomorrow.A.whenshecallsmeB.whenshewillcallmeC.whendoesshecallmeD.whenwillshecallme（）10.Wheredoeshecomefrom?Pardon?Iaskedwhere_.A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom（）11.Ididntknow_atthemeetingyesterday.A.whattosayB.tosaywhatC.wh
32、ytosayD.tosaywhyBAB（）12.Couldyoutellme_?A.whattimetheplaneleavesB.whattimetheplaneleaveC.whattimedidtheplaneleaveD.whattimewilltheplaneleave（）13.Doyouknow_sheknowsit?A.whatB.ifC.whenD.what（）14.Boysandgirls,didyouhear_Isaid?A.thatB.whatC.it D.those（）15.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidy
33、ourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaidB BA A（）16.Iwatchedthatmanforalongtimeandwantedtoknow_.A.whetherIhaveseenhimbeforeB.whereIhadseenhimbeforeC.thatIhadseenhimbeforeD.whendidIseehim（）17.Doyouknow_?Sorry,Idontknow.Youmayaskthewomanoverthere.A.whentheshopopensB.whenistheshopopenC
34、.whendoestheshopopenD.whenwilltheshopopen（）18.Doyouknowwhyshe_Mr.Wangtomorrow?Shehaschangedhermind.A.wontvisitB.didntvisitC.doesntvisitD.hasntvisit A A B（）19.Couldyoutellme_withthebrokenwindow?A.whatIshoulddoB.whatshouldIdoC.howtodD.howIshoulddo（）20.Doyouknow_?Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn.A
35、.whenwouldtheGreensmovehereB.whentheGreensmovedhereC.theGreenswouldmovehereD.whentheGreenswouldmovehere（）21.Idontknowwhenhe_backfromEngland.A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.coming B A A（）22.Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?Hetoldmethathe_theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvis
36、it（）23.Ifhe_hardernexttime,hewillcatchupwithus.A.workB.workedC.worksD.willwork（）24.IthinkWeiHuawillbeveryhappywhenshe_yourpresents.A.looks B.willlookC.receivesD.willreceive CC D（）25.Wellsetoutassoonasourmonitor_.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.hascome（）26.Illgowithyouifit_finetomorrow.A.hasbeenB.isC.willbe
37、D.be（）27.Illmeethimatthestationwhenhe_.A.willreturnB.returnC.returnsD.returned（）28.Iwontgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI_myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willlostD.didnthaveBBCB（）29.Areyougoingtovisitthefarmtomorrow?Yes.Butifit_,wellstayatschool.A.rainB.rainedC.rainsD.willrain（）30.Pleasedontstandupinclassun
38、tilyou_.A.weretoldto B.aretoldtoC.weretoldD.aretold（）31.Theywontbebackuntilthework_.A.doB.doesC.isdoneD.willdo（）32.XiaoMingwillcomeandplaywithmeifhe_busy.A.isB.wontbeC.isntD.willbe BC C C（）33.IwillletyouknowaboutitassoonasI_thenews.A.willgetB.getC.gotD.get（）34.Thoughheisill,_heisstillworkinghard.A.b
39、utB.yetC.tooD.either（）35.Hewaslate_theheavyrain.A.becauseB.becauseofC.thoughD.if（）36.Heis_excitedthathecantspeakanything.A.tooB.toC.soD.enough（）37.Theboyis_lovelythatwealllikehim.A.soB.suchC.tooD.very B C A D B（）38.Thisis_aninterestingbookthatIwanttoreaditagain.A.soB.suchC.quiteD.very（）39.Hegotupearly_hecouldcatchupwiththeothers.A.inordertoB.ToC.sothatD.that（）40.Ourschoolis_yours.A.asthreetimeslargeasB.aslargethreetimesasC.threetimesaslargeasD.aslargethreetimesas（）41.Iwonderifhe_.Ifhe_,Illaskhimtodrivemethere.A.comes,comesB.come,comeC.willcome,comesD.come,willcome C C CB
