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1、1. When we reflected on the labors and pains, the cares, disquiet, and dangers which attended the road to greatness. 2. And Homer! Is not he likewise human? Even Homer may sometimes nod. To err is human.3. It is part of the general theory of democracy that all human beings are equal in the sense tha
2、t they all have some basic rights and that all should be treated alike.4. Stephen came out of the hot mill into the damp wind and cold wet streets, haggard and worn.5. I was struck by their cordiality.6. Most were absorbed into the Russian empire through colonial expansion under the Tsars.7. There l
3、ied one of the chief difficulties.8. Dont take it seriously. Im just making fun of you.9. I was extremely worried about her, but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument.10) Birds fluttered and cheeped among the budding fruit trees, Insects buzzed and tickled.11、每当思念起他们在成
4、为伟人的路途上所费所费的力气，受的受的痛苦，担的担的心思以及冒的冒的风险2、荷马！他不同样也是人吗？即便是荷马有时也可能打盹（智者千虑，必有一失），犯错人所难免难免。3、民主的一般理论，有一个部分是说人类都是平等的。他们都有些基本权利, 同时同时，也都应该受到同等待遇。4、斯蒂芬从闷热的工厂出来，进入凄风冷雨的街道上，形容形容憔悴，筋筋疲力力竭。5、我为他们的热诚行为行为身受感动。6、大部分土地是在历代历代沙皇统治下，通过殖民扩张而并入俄罗斯帝国的。7、那是当时当时的主要困难之一。8、不要认真嘛嘛，我不过开个玩笑罢了罢了。9、我真替她万分担忧，但此时此地，既不宜教训她一番一番，也不宜与她争论一
5、通一通。10、鸟儿在出芽的果树上翻飞，虫儿在空中嗡嗡叫，碰在人脸上碰在人脸上怪痒痒的怪痒痒的。211) The frequency, wave length and speed of sound are closely related.12. He has bought a Dove.13. This victory in polemics means the victory of civilization over ignorance, of science over superstition and of truth over falsehood.14. The advance echel
6、on met with a stubborn resistance. in a drive, suffering serious casualties, and beat a strategic retreat for a new offensive by outflanking tactics.15. The film Modern Times reflects a pro the capitalist society that there exists no other nexus between man and man than naked and callous cash paymen
7、t.16. If you walk along the main street on an August afternoon, there is nothing whatsoever to do.17. There are fewer Algerians to be found on the streets in Paris now.18. As the temperature increases, the volume of water becomes greater.19. He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room f
8、or fear that he should awake her.20. Smoking is not allowed in the store-house.311、频率、波长和声速三者三者是密切相关的。12、他买了一辆飞鸽牌自行车自行车。13、这次论战的胜利意味着文明对愚昧的胜利，科学对迷信的胜利，真理对谬误的胜利。14、先头部队在强攻中遇到了顽强的抵抗，伤亡惨重，于是，作战略上的撤退，以便采取迂回战术，发动新的攻势。15、摩登时代这部影片反映了资本主义社会的一个侧面：人和人之间除了赤裸裸的，冷酷无情的“现金交易”的关系外，就再也没有任何别的关系了。16、倘若八月的某个下午，沿着大街溜达，那
9、的确是百无聊赖的。17、如今巴黎街头，阿尔及利亚人已寥寥无几了。18、温度升高，水体随之而增大。19、他悄悄地推开门，溜出房间，为了不惊醒她。20、仓库重地，不准吸烟。（注：112句为增词法，其中汉语粗体为翻译时所增；1320句为减词法）4Passage TranslationSome books, like some people, convey to us all that they will ever have to give at a single sitting. Others hold our attention profitably through two or three en
10、countersand the books to frequent, the books to be shipwrecked with, the great books into which rich and substantial lives have been distilled and packed the Dialogues of Plato, Montaignes Essays, Boswells Johnson, he Essays and Journals of Emerson these are to be lived with and returned to and made
11、 the companion of hours and days and moods as various as those in which they were written. 5有些书也和人一样，大家都是把它们打算要传达给我们的东西一下子就完全倾吐出来。有些书则使我们要专心而获益地读上两三遍才能释手。还有些是要再三反复去读的书，有些是在遭遇船只失事时也仍然要带着走的书，有些是从丰富而充实的人生中摘出而填入行间字里的伟大的书柏拉图的语录，蒙田的随笔，鲍斯威尔的约翰生传，艾默生的散文和日记这些书是可以与之共同生活的，可以百读不厌的，也可以在不同的时日与心情中作为伴侣的，那种不同的时日与心情，
12、也正和那些作品在写作时的情形一样。6Lecture EightRepetition重复法重复法7I. For Clearness1. Repetition of nouns The Peoples Daily guides, educates and encourages the masses. 人民日报指导群众群众，教育群众群众，鼓舞群群众众。（重复作宾语的名词）They do some things in that they are men misled and blinded with error. (重复作表语的名词) 他们做了某些事情，因为他们是误入歧途的误入歧途的人人，是被错误蒙蔽
13、的人被错误蒙蔽的人。8The engineer must have a knowledge not only of what these properties are and mean, but also of how they are determined. 工程师不仅必须具备有关性能及其含义方面的知识知识，而且还必须具备测定性能方面的知识知识。（重复英语介词短语前所省略的名词） We call this type a closed-core transformer. 我们把这种类型的变压器变压器叫做闭铁芯变压器变压器。（重复相关联成分后面所省略的名词）9The great inviolat
14、e place had the ancient performance which the sea cannot claim. 这块未经骚扰过的伟大土地有着古老的性质性质，这种性质性质连大海也不能与它相比。（重复英语中作先行词的名词或英语中的同位语以及英语定语从句中关系代词所指代的名词先行词）10Classroom Practice (1)1) We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 我们应该学会如何分析问题和解决问题。2) It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland. 重建家
15、园和保卫家园是我们的职责。3) A good play serves to educate and inspire the people. 一出好戏足以教育人民和鼓舞人民。4) It was he who first repudiated and breached the understanding. 是他首先否定了这一谅解，破坏了这一谅解。115) They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting. 他们非常不愿意推迟这次会议或取消这次会议。6) Odette needs and deserves admiratio
16、nit is the element that contents her. 奥德蒂需要让人羡慕，而且也值得让人羡慕这正是她感到满意的一点。127) They began to study and analyze the situation of the enemy. 他们开始研究敌情，分析敌情。8) Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as admiration. 无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐惧的根源。139) They now get water from 37 deep wells which a few years ago cost 60,000
17、yuan each to sink. 现在，他们从三十七口深井中取水。还在几年前，每挖一口这样的深井要耗资6万元。10) They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍视的，在过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。1411) All of these arrangements were a
18、prelude to the ball, the hostess ultimate prize. 所有这些活动的安排只不过是这次舞会的序曲，舞会才是女主人的最终目的。12) They slipped out into the open,avoiding the kitchen, a spacious separate building. 他们悄然溜到了室外，故意不到厨房去，虽然厨房也是个宽敞的独立楼舍。152. Repetition of verbsHe declared that for himself he was still for the Charter, details, name,
19、 and all. 他声称他本人仍然拥护宪章，拥护拥护它的细则，拥护拥护它的名称，拥护拥护它的一切。Locomotives are built of steel, and airplanes of aluminum. 火车头由钢制成制成，飞机则由吕制成制成。16Classroom Practice (2)1) People forget your face first, then your name. 人们首先忘记你的容貌，接着又忘记你的名字。2) This requires care and, for difficult problems, great experience. 这就需要细心，
20、而且对许多困难问题来说，还需要丰富的经验。173) I owned a town house, a summer lodge in the mountains, a winter cabin in the desert, a car and a drivers license to take myself about. 过去，我在城里有一所住宅，在山间有栋避暑的住所，在沙漠地带有一栋御寒的寓所，外出还有汽车和驾照。 4) They were starting from scratch and needed men, guns, training. 他们是白手起家的，他们需要人员，需要枪支，需要
21、训练。185) He wore zippered black boots and a tailored suit. 他脚上穿着拉链式的黑皮靴，身上穿着一套考究的西装。6) I could see in her face that night both youth and age, both her devotion to the young woman that she had been and the positions that she had yielded graciously to time. 那天晚上，我在她脸上既看到了青春又年龄；既看到了对自己少妇时代的耿耿之心，也看到了她对岁月
22、的步步礼让。197) Theyve made everything tense and unpleasant. 他们把什么事都搞得很紧张，都搞得令人不快。8) Its on this basis that we reexamine the world, our region and ourselves. 我们正是在此基础上，重新估价世界，估价我们所处的区域，估价我们自己的。209) Then he spoke of the rise of charity and popular education, and in particular of the spread of wealth and w
23、ork. 接着他谈到了慈善事业的兴起和教育的普及，特别谈到了财富和工作面的扩大。10) Grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar with the structure of English, French grammar with the structure of French, etc. 语法是论述语言结构的。英语语法论述英语结构，法语语法论述法语结构，等等。2111) They talked of things they longed for of meat and of hot soup and of th
24、e richness of butter. 他们谈到了他们所渴望的东西谈到了肉、谈到了热汤、还谈到了黄油的丰富营养。12) They had prepared for this campaign as carefully as they had for larger once. 他们为这次战役所作的准备，其周密细致的程度同他们为较大的战役所作的准备一样。2213) He encouraged this bumptious young man to write of his own regionof its bleak poverty and of its women old before th
25、eir time. 他鼓励这个狂妄的年轻人写自己的故乡写故乡的荒凉和贫困，写故乡未老先衰的女人。14) But his wife kept dinning in his ears about his idleness, his carelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family. 可他老婆总是在他耳边唠叨个没完。说他懒惰，说他粗心，还说他一家人都要毁在他的身上。233. Repetition of pronounsOur basic unit of electrical charge is that of electron. 电荷的
26、基本单位单位是电子的单位单位。The country has its romantic feeling. 乡下有乡下乡下的风情。24 However you travel, itll take you at least two days. 你怎么怎么走，怎么怎么至少都得两天。Some have entered college and others have gone abroad. 上大学的上大学了，出国的出国了。25Classroom Practice (3)1) Ignoring a problem does not solve it. 对一个问题置之不理，并不能解决问题。 2) Smit
27、h seemed ill at ease with power, Ball sought it. 史密斯似乎对权力感到困惑不安，包尔则拼命追求权力。263) But there are clues, and they seem to bear out my earlier suspicion. 但还是有蛛丝马迹可寻的。这些蛛丝马迹似乎都足以证实我最初的揣测。 4) When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive. 她抬起眼来的时候，眼睛显得很大，很特别，很动人。275) His dress is that o
28、f a gentleman, but his speech and behavior are those of a scoundrel. 他的服装是绅士的服装，但他的言谈举止却是流氓无赖的言谈举止。 286) In capitalist society there sprang up the feeling of responsibility of parents for childrens welfarethat is, they feel that they should help them to make a new start of life in order that they ma
29、y care for them in the future. 资本主义社会中，做父母的对子女的幸福自然负有责任感，就是父母应当帮助子女自立生活，为的是子女将来可以赡养父母。297) Big families had their own difficulties. 大家庭有大家庭的难处。8) Each had his own business to handle.人人都有自己的事务要处理。9) Whoever works hard will be respected. 谁努力工作，谁就会受到尊敬。10) Choose whatever you like.你喜欢什么就挑什么。3011) Some
30、say yes, and others say, no, I dont know whom to follow.说是说是，说非的说非，我无所适从。12) He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more men. 他想给他们增加些援助，增添些武器，增派些人员。31II. For emphasisWould you please please please please please please please stop talking. 务必请你，千万请你别说了吧！Any my poor fool is hanged. N
31、o, no, no life. 我那可怜的小傻瓜绞死了，没命了，没命了，没命了！32 Happy, happy pair. None but the brave, None but the brave, None but the brave, deserves the pair. 幸福，幸福的一对。 惟有英雄， 惟有英雄， 惟有英雄堪与美人匹配。33A. Repetition of beginning wordTime is, time was, but time shall be no more! 时间现在在，时间过去在，但时间将一去不复返！ B. Repetition of ending
32、wordSow nothing, reap nothing. 不劳不获。34C. Repetition of both beginning and ending words Nothing can come of nothing. 没有只能换到没有。D. Repetition of constant repetitionFor glance beget ogles, ogles sighs, sighs wishes, wishes words, and words a letter. 因为瞥视产生秋波，秋波产生叹息，叹息产生愿望，愿望产生词语，词语产生情书一封。35(1)Repetition
33、 by the same word.1) This coincidence, this funny coincidence, kept everybody laughing, and made this one of the most light-hearted parties weve ever had at the club. 这种巧合，这种有趣的巧合，惹得大伙儿笑个不停，使这次舞会成为我们在俱乐部举行过最轻松愉快的晚会之一。362) If a book is worth reading, it is worth buying. No book is worth anything whic
34、h is not worth much nor is it serviceable until it has been read and re-read, and loved and loved again, and marked, so that you can refer to the passages you want in it. 值得读的书便值得买。没有什么价值的书便啥也不值，书不到一读再读，一爱再爱，并处处加记，以便参考所需章节，也不会有什么用处的。373) This town is a small town, looking much like other towns of it
35、s size, be few towns enjoy so many natural advantages. 这个城市是个小城市，看上去大小跟别的的城市没有什么两样，但是别的城市却很少享有这么多的天然优势。383) Dead is the monarch, dead the servant who cringed before him, dead the city in which they dwelt.君主死了，在他面前卑躬屈膝、阿谀奉承的侍臣死了，他们居住的这个城市也死了。4) If once virtue is lost, all is lost 如果一旦丧失了道德，便丧失了一切。395
36、) Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles. 一年又一年，一个世纪又一个世纪，月亮盈亏变化，周而复始。40(2) Repetition by the synonyms.1) He scanned their rich and faultless clothes, the way they carried their hands, the shape of their hats. 他打量着他们华丽而讲究的服饰，观察着他们双手前后摆动的姿势，留心他们头上的礼帽。2) They wore t
37、heir best clothes and all their jewelry. 他们穿上最漂亮的衣服，戴上所有的珠宝首饰。413) I know you hate me and I hate you, we had better part right now. “我知道你恨我，不过我也嫌你，我们最好还是马上分手吧。”4) Every change of season, every change of weather, every hour of the day produces some change in the magical hues and shape of these mounta
38、ins;. 每一季节的更迭，每一气候的转变，甚至一天中每一小时，无不使奇幻的山姿山色呈现出不同的变化。425) During their stay in Peking, they visited some old friends of theirs, visited Peking university and visited the Great Wall. 他们在北京逗留期间，拜访了了一些老朋友，参观了北京大学，游览了长城。 6) She loved giving orders to the servants and they loved obeying her. 她喜欢对仆人们发号施令，而他
39、们却爱听她指挥。43III. For VividnessBy using Chinese two four-character expressions1) Who that has such a home to return to, would travel about the country like a vagabond? 要是有这样一个舒适的家可以时时归去，谁愿意象流浪汉一般颠沛流离，漂流四方。 2) But there had been too much publicity about my case. 但我的事现已搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。443) From his early tw
40、enties to his early thirties, he was a farmernot a gentleman farmer but a working farmer. 从二十出头三十几岁，他一直务农。他不是个不家不穑、五谷不分的农民，而是一个在田里跌打滚爬，苦干实干的庄稼汉。454) I spent three or four hours on two short chapters of Personal History by Vincent Sheeansavoring each paragraph, lingering over a sentence, a phrase or
41、even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. 维森特谢安的我的经历中的短短几章，我就读了三四个时辰之久，每个短语，甚至每个词，我都流连徘徊，依依不舍。书中胜境在我脑海里历历如画，一览无余。465) When finally I put down the book, my mind was totally refreshed. 最后放下书来时，我倦意全消，身心为之一爽。 6) He showed himself calm in an emergency situation. 他在情况危机时，态度从容，镇定
42、自如。477) The questions were evidently unexpected to the slow-witted spokesman, who instantly found himself tongue-tied. 这些问题显然使得这位头脑迟钝的发言人感到意外，他立刻显得张口结舌，哑口无言。 8) Instead we continued to embellish the cover story, walking blindly into his trap. 而事实不然，我们仍然对那个掩盖真相的假情况添油加醋，大肆渲染从而盲人骑瞎马地陷入了他的圈套。482. By usi
43、ng Chinese double words1) Talking and laughing, running and jumping, the children had a good time at sea-side. 孩子们在海边说说笑笑、跑跑跳跳，玩得很是开心。2) I have made proposals, but it proves futile. 建议提是提了，但没有用。3) She knocks off earlier today than usual. 她今天下班比往常下得早。 494) His illness is caused by a cold bath. 他的病是洗冷
44、水澡洗出来的。5) Knowledge from unintelligent reading is of little use. 念死书念出来的知识没多大用处。6) She put on her new dress and felt quite satisfied. 她试了试新衣，觉得很满意。507) Its a great idea, only its impracticable. 注意好是好，可是行不通。8) The toasts were flat. 祝酒辞是平平淡淡的。9) I wasnt evasive in my reply. 我的回答并非躲躲闪闪。5110) A slanting
45、 sunlight dappled the grass. 斜阳把草地照得斑斑驳驳。11) the farm buildings and the wheel-house were all dim and bluish. 农场房屋和水车护架都模模糊糊，呈现着浅兰色。523. By using Chinese four-character expression with antithesisgreat contribution 丰功伟绩gratitude 感恩戴德ingratitude 忘恩负义 prosperity 繁荣昌盛53eternal glory to 永垂不朽 vivid 生动活泼 he
46、sitate 彷徨犹豫 arrogance 骄傲自大54grotesque 奇形怪状careless 粗心大意in chaos 乌烟瘴气street gossip 街谈巷议 rumors 流言蜚语551) No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house. 刚才几位可尊敬的先生向全体代表发言了。对诸位先生的爱国精神以及见识才干，我个人比任何人都更加钦佩。562) I
47、shall speak forth my sentiments freely, and without reserve. 我愿无拘无束，毫不保留地直抒己见。 3) He sat there and watch them, so changelessly changing, so bright and dark, so grave and gay. 他坐在那儿注视着，觉得眼前的景象既始终如一，又是变化多端，既光彩夺目，又朦胧黑暗，既庄严肃穆，又轻松愉快。574) The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely. 据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合理的。 5) Sh
48、e is an awful fool of a woman. 她是个非常愚昧无知的女人。 6) She told him of Johnsys fancy. 她把琼西的胡思乱想告诉了他。587) But at that time, she was the only woman there.但她是当时那里独一无二的女人。8) His folks at up everything he had. 他的一家人把他所有东西都吃尽喝光。 59Homework for today1. There is, E.M. Forster says, a truth of feeling as well as a
49、truth of thought. Dreisers is the truth of feeling, and of incident.2. Their (coal mines) presence poisoned everything, the water in the streams, the hope in the miners lives3. I needed to get away from this and from every other form of anxiety.4. His dress is that of a gentleman, but his speech and
50、 behavior are those of a scoundrel.5. In capitalist society there sprang up the feeling of responsibility of parents for childrens welfarethat is, they feel that they should help them to make a new start of life in order that they may care for them in the future.606. Among my classmates, some have j
51、oined the army, and others have been graduated. I along remain in the college.7. Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles.8. She loved giving orders to the servants and they loved obeying her.9. With what seemed my last hope frustrated, I slipped into a deep Letharg
52、y（懒散、无生气）.10) A slanting sunlight dappled the grass.11) The farm buildings and the wheel-house were all dim and bluish.12. But at that time, she was the only woman there.6113) Who that has such a home to return to, would travel about the country like a vagabond?14) And yet one glance at his face made one forgive him much. 15) After she washed the pots and pans, she would collect the table scraps and go out to feed the few chickens we had.62The end of Lecture 8Thank you!63
