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1、Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-1 SECTION 600 CULVERTS, DRAINAGE AND PROTECTION WORKS 涵洞、排水系统和防护工程 601 SCOPE OF SECTION 本章范围 2 PART A. CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE 涵洞和排水系统 2 602 ORDER OF WORKS工作顺序 2 603 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION 开挖分类 3 60
2、4 EXCAVATION FOR CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE STRUCTURES涵洞开挖与排水结构3 605 EXCAVATION IN ROCK岩石开挖 5 606 FOUNDATIONS AND ABUTMENTS CAST AGAINST EXCAVATED SURFACES 基础与在开挖表面上浇筑的桥墩 4 607 BACKFILLING FOR CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE STRUCTURES 涵洞回填与排水结构 4 608 PRECAST STEEL REINFORCED CULVERT UNITS预制加筋涵管 8 609 BEDDING AND
3、LAYING OF CULVERTS基床与涵洞砌造 13 A Bedding and Laying of Concrete Culverts on In-situ or Imported Fill or Imported Granular Material基床与现场混凝土涵洞的砌造或输入填料或输入颗粒材料 13 B Bedding and Laying of Concrete Units on a Concrete Bed 基床与混凝土底座上混凝土管段的砌造 13 610 JOINTING CONCRETE CULVERTS焊接混凝土涵洞 13 A Rigid Joints刚性接头 13 B
4、Protective Bituminous Coating and Taping防护沥青涂层和镶边 14 C Culvert Ends涵洞末端 14 611 CONCRETE BEDS, SURROUNDS AND HAUNCHES混凝土底座、挡板和承托 14 612 DRAINAGE STRUCTURES排水结构 15 613 OUTFALL CHANNELS, DAMS AND SCOUR CHECKS排水口通道、堤和防冲刷地方 15 614 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE清洁和保养 16 615 CONCRETE EDGE KERBS CHANNELLING AND L
5、INING混凝土边路缘开槽和衬砌 16 A Materials 材料 16 B Construction 施工 17 C Tolerances and Surface Finish 公差与表面抛光 18 PART B. RIVER TRAINING AND PROTECTION WORK 河流治理和防护工程 19 616 BANKS AND DYKES 河岸与防洪堤 19 617 RIPRAP 堆石护坡 20 618 IN-SITU OR PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE SCOUR PROTECTION 现场或预制钢筋混凝土防冲面层 21 619 STONE PITCH
6、ING 砌石护坡 21 620 SCOUR CHECKS 防冲刷的地方 22 621 PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE GRID SLOPE PROTECTION WITH STONE INFILL 预制钢筋混凝土网格内填石护坡 22 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-2 601 SCOPE OF SECTION 本章范围 This section covers the following:本章涵盖了以下内容：
7、1. excavation and backfilling for culverts and drainage structures, 开挖和涵洞回填以及排水结构 2. provision, installation and repair of Precast Concrete Pipe culverts; 预制混凝土管涵的供应、安装和修复 3. provision, installation and repair of Concrete Box Culverts; 混凝土箱涵的供应、安装和修复 4. construction of drainage structures including
8、pipe culvert inlet and outlet structures, scour checks, catch pits, lined channels, cascades and the like in in-situ or precast concrete as instructed; 排水结构施工，包括管涵进出口结构、防冲刷的地方、集水沟、内衬通道、流水台阶等等指定的现场或预制混凝土。 5. construction of drainage protection works. 排水系统防护工程的施工 PART A - CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE 涵洞和排水系统
9、 Existing pipe culverts shall be extended or lengths of existing pipe culvert replaced as shown on the drawings and remedial works schedules. All existing culverts shall be cleaned and their inlet and outfall channels shall be reinstated such that existing culverts are free of draining prior to the
10、submission of longitudinal sections, cross-sections and other information pursuant to Section 300 of these specifications . 应扩大现有管涵或按照图纸所示或修葺工程进度表替换现有管涵的长度。应清洁所有现有管涵，并恢复其进出口通道，以便按照规范第300 章提交纵切面、横截面以及其他资料之前，现有涵洞不敷设排水渠道。 602 ORDER OF WORKS 工作顺序 Based on longitudinal and cross sections for designated c
11、ulvert locations, as to be submitted by the Contractor, precise details of Culverts length, skew and invert levels will be issued to the Engineer from time to time as construction proceeds. The Contractor shall allow in his programme a period of 21 days between submission of longitudinal and cross-s
12、ections in accordance with Section 300 above and the issue of precise culvert details. 基于指定涵洞位置的纵切面和横截面，承包商应随着施工的进行不时地提交涵洞长度、倾斜和倒拱底高程的准确详细资料发给工程师。按照上述第 300 章和涵洞的准确详细资料问题，承包商应在其规划中允许提交纵切面和横截面之间有21天的期限。 The Contractor shall normally construct culverts and drainage works prior to constructing embankmen
13、ts above or adjacent to culverts or drainage works unless permitted otherwise by the Engineer, and he shall programme the Works accordingly. 除非工程师另外批准，通常承包商应在建造上述路堤之前建造涵洞和排水系统工程，或相邻的涵洞或排水系统工程，且承包商应拟定相应的工程方案。 Where the Contractor considers that drainage conditions are such that it is not necessary to
14、 construct a culvert ahead of the embankment, the Engineer at his discretion may consent to its installation after construction of the embankment on the following conditions: Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-3 如果承包商认为排水条件不需要在路堤前建造涵洞，工程
15、师可以酌情考虑同意在下列条件下建造路堤后再安装。 The Contractor will be responsible for any damage or delay to the culvert or to the embankment earthworks; and The construction of the culvert shall follow immediately after embankment earthworks. 承包商应对涵洞或路堤土方工程的任何损坏或延误负责；并且应在路堤土方工程后立即进行涵洞的施工。 Where culverts are to be constr
16、ucted under a road in cutting, excavation and backfill shall be carried out after the bulk earthworks are completed but before the processing of the 300 mm layer below formation level in cuttings. The Engineer at his discretion may consent to the excavation for these culverts being carried out befor
17、e the earthworks are completed but payment for the excavation of the trench will only be made for the volume excavated below formation level. 凡在进行切割、开挖和回填的道路下边建设涵洞的，应在完成大规模土方工程之后进行，但要在进行施工基面下 300 毫米地层切割处理之前。工程师可以酌情考虑同意在完成土方工程后进行这些涵洞的开挖，但是只有在施工基面下大量开挖时才能支付开挖沟渠的费用。 603 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION 开挖分
18、类 All excavation for culverts and drainage structures shall be classified as follows: 所有涵洞和排水结构的开挖应如下进行分类： Rock excavation is material which can be excavated only after blasting with explosives or barring and wedging or the use of a mechanical breaker fitted with a rock point in good condition and o
19、perated correctly. Single boulders of size more than 0.30m3 shall be classified as rock excavation. 岩石开挖的材料开挖只能在使用炸药爆破后，或阻拦并楔固或在良好条件且正确操作时使用配备岩点的机械碎石机。单个岩石尺寸超过0.3m的应被归为岩石开挖一类。 Common excavation is all material other than rock excavation, including that which is suitable and unsuitable for reuse. 普通开
20、挖是指所有材料除了岩石开挖，包括适合或不适合重新使用的材料。 604 EXCAVATION FOR CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE STRUCTURES 涵洞开挖与排水结构 The Contractor shall carry out all excavations for culverts and structures to the lines, levels, inclinations, and dimensions shown on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer. 承包商应完成所有涵洞的开挖以及线路结构、高程、斜坡与图纸
21、所示或工程师指定的规模。 In the event that the Contractor excavates to a greater depth or width than is necessary, then he shall at his own cost backfill the excess excavation with approved materials, compacted to the density of the adjacent ground, all to the correct levels and dimensions and to the approval o
22、f the Engineer. 如果承包商的开挖超过了必要的深度和宽度，则应自费使用认可的材料回填超过的挖掘部分，压实达相邻路面的密度，全部应按照正确的高程和大小并获得工程师的批准。 The Contractor shall carefully set aside the various suitable materials encountered so that they may be reused for backfilling. If excavated materials are unsuitable, the Contractor may remove the material to
23、 tip after approval by the Engineer. Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-4 承包商应仔细挑出遇到的各种合适材料，以便重新用于回填。如果开挖的材料不合适，承包商应经工程师批准后移除材料并倾覆。 The Contractor shall keep all excavations clean and free from water, and he shall dig diversion channels,
24、 erect cofferdams, pump or otherwise de-water the excavation. 承包商应保持所有挖掘清洁无水，且承包商应挖掘泄水渠、建造围堰、水泵或挖掘另外的排水设备。 Where, in the opinion of the Engineer, the surface of the excavation has become soft or unsuitable due to the Contractors method of working, the Contractor shall at his own cost remove and repl
25、ace the unsuitable material with approved granular material or non-structural concrete as instructed by the Engineer. 如果工程师认为由于承包商的施工方法导致挖掘表面变软或不合适，承包商应自费移除并替换以认可的颗粒材料或工程师指定的非结构性混凝土。 The Contractor shall compact the final excavated surface on which culverts or structures are to be constructed to a d
26、ry density of at least 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004) to a depth of 150 mm. All particles larger than 20 mm shall be removed prior to compaction. 承包商压实将建造的涵洞或结构的最终开挖表面的干密度应达到至少 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004），150毫米深度。开挖前应移除所有超过 20毫米的粒子。 For culverts which are to be constructed approximately on the existing groun
27、d after the removal of topsoil, the Contractor shall level the existing ground by excavating and/or filling in layers. He shall then compact the ground for 150 mm below invert or underside of bedding material to a dry density of 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004) such that the foundation for the culvert or b
28、edding is true to Class and of uniform density over the whole length of the culvert. 对于移除表层土后大概在现有路面建造的涵洞，承包商应通过挖掘并/或填充地层来使现路面变得平坦。接着，承包商应压实垫料倒拱下方或下侧的路面达 150 毫米，干密度达 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004），以便涵洞或基床基础适用于类别且涵洞的全长密度均匀。 The Engineers approval to the final excavated and prepared soil/rock foundation belo
29、w the culvert shall be obtained prior to the installation of culverts and associated structures. 应在安装涵洞与相关结构前获得工程师对涵洞下方最终开挖的以及准备的土壤/岩石基础。 The sides of pits, trenches and other excavations shall, where required, be adequately timbered and supported, and all such excavations shall be of sufficient siz
30、e to enable the culvert units and concrete to be laid accurately, and proper refilling and compaction to be carried out. 如有需要，凹槽的边、沟渠和其他挖掘应充分用木材作骨料并支撑，且该挖掘应具有足够的规模以确保准确敷设涵管和混凝土，以及适当的回填并进行压实。 All shoring and timbering shall be kept in trenches and other excavations as the Engineer instructs. 应按照工程师指示
31、在沟渠和其他开挖时保留所有支柱和木结构。 Where ground conditions are such that a satisfactory foundation cannot be achieved, the Contractor shall, if instructed by the Engineer, remove the unsuitable material either until suitable material is Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to
32、Samara)-Shymkent 600-5 encountered or to the depth and width instructed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall backfill the resultant excavation with approved material compacted to dry density of 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004). Approved material shall be selected backfill /suitable fill material in accord
33、ance Clause 510. 如果工程师有指示，凡路面条件达不到符合要求的地基时，承包商应移除不适合的材料或者直到遇到适合的材料或达到工程师指定的深度和宽度为止。承包商应使用认可的材料回填由此造成的开挖，压实达干密度 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004）。认可的材料应按照 510 条款选择回填/适合的填料。 Before any drainage channel, culvert or other drainage structure is brought into use, the Contractor shall ensure that such channel or str
34、ucture is free from all silt and extraneous material to the satisfaction of the Engineer, and the removal and disposal of all such material shall be at the Contractors expense. 任何排水沟、涵洞或其他排水结构交付使用之前，承包商应确保该沟渠或结构不受所有泥沙和外来杂质的影响以符合工程师的要求，且晨报上映负责所有此类材料的移除和清理费用。 605 EXCAVATION IN ROCK 岩石开挖 Where rock or
35、similar hard material is encountered in trenches for concrete pipe culverts, the Contractor shall excavate it so that no hard material protrudes within 50 mm of the pipe barrel. He shall place and compact a regulating layer of non-structural concrete of minimum thickness 50 mm on the excavated hard
36、material surface, the top of which shall be at the level of the underside of the pipe barrel. The maximum thickness of regulating layer shall be 150 mm. Where both soft and hard material are encountered in the trench either the soft material shall be removed to a depth of 300 mm or to such depth as
37、instructed by the Engineer, or if directed by the Engineer the hard material shall be removed to a depth of 300 mm or to such depth as instructed by the Engineer and backfilled to 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004) with material similar to that in the remainder of the trench invert. 凡在混凝土管涵的沟渠中遇到岩石或类似的硬质材料的，
38、承包商应将其挖掘，这样 50 毫米管筒内不会有硬质材料突出来。承包商应在开挖的硬质材料表面铺设并压实最小厚度为 50 毫米的非结构性混凝土的调节层，且调节层的顶部应达到管筒下侧的高程。调节层的最大厚度应是150 毫米。凡在沟渠遇到既有软性又有硬质材料的，应移除软性材料达 300 毫米深度或工程师指定的深度，或者如果工程师有指示的，应移除硬质材料达 300 毫米深度或工程师指定的深度，并使用类似于沟渠倒拱其余部分的材料回填达 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004）。 606 FOUNDATIONS AND ABUTMENTS CAST AGAINST EXCAVATED SURFACES
39、 基础与在开挖表面上浇筑的桥墩 Where the Drawings show or the Engineer instructs that a foundation and/or abutment shall be cast against an excavated surface, the Contractor shall carry out the excavation neatly to the specified slope and shape. Should any over-excavation occur the Contractor shall backfill the sp
40、ace between the foundations and/or abutment and the excavated surface with cement concrete Class B15. Such backfill shall be placed at the Contractors expense. 凡图纸所示或工程师有指示的，基础与/或桥墩应在开挖表面上浇筑，承包商应进行指定斜坡和形状的整齐开挖。如果出现任何过渡挖掘，承包商应使用 B15 级水泥混凝土回填基础与/或桥墩与开挖表面之间的空间。承包商应承担此类回填的费用。 Reconstruction of road sect
41、ion km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-6 607 BACKFILLING FOR CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE STRUCTURES 涵洞回填与排水结构 The Contractor shall obtain the Engineers approval prior to commencing any filling around a structure or backfilling a trench or excavation, or to loading any struc
42、ture. 承包商应在开始任何结构周围的回填或回填沟渠或开挖，或装填任何结构前获得工程师的批准。 The Contractor shall obtain the Engineers approval to his proposed sequence of filling and backfilling behind and around a structure and to the height of fill at any time between fill levels. 承包商应获得工程师对其建议的填充顺序与结构后面和周围回填以及任何时候填充液位之间填充高度的批准。 The Contra
43、ctor shall obtain backfill for concrete culverts and minor drainage structures from suitable material from the excavation. In the event of there being insufficient excavated material or the culvert is laid close to or above existing ground level then he shall obtain selected backfill/suitable fill m
44、aterial (in accordance with the Section 500) from borrow pits. All backfill whether from excavated material or borrow pits shall be as approved by the Engineer. 承包商应从开挖的适合材料获得混凝土涵洞和小型排水系统结构的填料。如果开挖的材料不足或涵洞敷设紧挨着或在原路面高程之上，则承包商应从取土坑获得选择的回填料/适合的填料（依据第 500章）。所有回填料，无论是取自开挖材料或取土坑的，都应获得工程师的批准。 For culverts
45、which have been placed and where no concrete haunch or surround is specified, the Contractor shall place selected fill/suitable fill material (in accordance with the Section 500). He shall mix in water or dry the material, such that the moisture content at the time of compaction shall be within the
46、range of 1% above or 2% below the Optimum Moisture Content (ST RK 1285-2004), and compact it thoroughly along the remainder of the underside of the barrel of the pipe and in the joint holes. He shall lay and compact similar selected/ suitable fill material in layers not exceeding 150 mm loose thickn
47、ess, mixed, dried or watered as necessary, and bring it up uniformly on both sides of the culvert to a height of not less than 300 mm over the crown. 对于已经敷设的涵洞，以及没有指定混凝土加腋或缘饰的，承包商应铺设挑选出的填料/适合填料（按照第 500 章）。承包商应在水中混合或干透材料，以便压实时的含水量在最佳含水量以上 1%到以下 2%的范围内（ST RK 1285-2004），并且沿管道芯管下面的其余部分和联合孔彻底压实。承包商应在地层铺设
48、并压实类似的挑选过的/适合填料不超过 150 毫米松散厚度，必要时混合、干燥或浇水，并均匀提起涵洞两边超过顶点不少于 300毫米高度。 The Contractor shall backfill the remainder of the trench with selected fill/suitable fill material, placed in layers not exceeding 150 mm loose thickness, mixed, watered or dried as necessary, and compacted. 承包商应使用挑选过的/适合的填料回填沟渠的其余
49、部分，在地层铺设不超过 150 毫米宽松厚度，必要时混合、浇水或干燥，并压实。 The Contractor shall compact all backfilling material to a minimum dry density of 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004). 承包商应压实所有回填材料达最小干密度95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004）。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-7 Where ti
50、mbering or sheeting have been installed for the purposes of supporting the excavation the Contractor shall, unless approved otherwise by the Engineer, remove them by easing them up 150 mm at a time in step with the backfill layer, and he shall compact backfill under and behind such timber or sheetin
51、g. 凡以支撑挖掘为目的安装了木材料或挡板的，除非工程师另行批准，承包商应在回填地层的时候松动 150毫米加以移除，且承包商应在此类木材料或挡板下面和后面压实回填料。 For culverts which have been constructed close to or above the existing ground or where the culvert protrudes above the existing ground the Contractor shall place and compact the backfill material under the sides and
52、 alongside and over the culverts in layers not exceeding 150 mm after compaction to a density of at least the density required for the material in adjoining layers of fill. The width of backfilling along the flanks of the culvert shall be at least (2 + 1.5h) metres from each side of the culvert (whe
53、re h is the height from the underside of the layer being compacted to the crown of the pipe in metres). 对于紧挨着或在现有路面上方建造的涵洞，或凡突出在现有路面上方的涵洞，承包商应在压实达到相邻填充地层材料密度要求的最小密度后，在地层涵洞边下和旁边以及上方铺设并压实回填料不超过 150 毫米。沿涵洞两翼的回填宽度应为涵洞每边之间最少（2+1.5 高度）米（在这里“高度”是指从压实地层下面到管顶点的高度，单位为米）。 All existing ground under this backfil
54、l shall be compacted to 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004) to a depth of 150 mm. 该回填料下的所有现有路面应压实达 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004），深度 150毫米。 The material used for filling alongside the culvert above existing ground shall be the same material as will be used for the adjacent fill and no additional payment will be made
55、 other than provided for the fill in Section 500 above. 现有路面上方涵洞旁边填充用的材料应与即将用于相邻填充的材料相同，并且除非上述第 500章对填充提供了费用，不得产生额外的费用。 The Contractor shall carry out backfilling simultaneously and equally on both sides of the culvert to avoid unequal lateral forces. 承包商应同时在涵洞两边进行同样的回填以避免不平等侧面力。 The Contractor shal
56、l not drive any construction equipment over culverts under construction and where it is absolutely necessary to do so, he shall obtain advance permission from and provide protection measures as approved by the Engineer. 承包商不得在施工中在涵洞上面发动任何施工设备，如果完全需要这么做的，承包商应从工程师处提前获得允许，并提供认可的防护措施。 Where shown on the
57、 Drawings or instructed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall place selected granular fill material (in accordance with Clause 510) and/or porous filter material approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall use a sliding form or other means approved by the Engineer during backfilling such that the
58、 porous layer is brought up and compacted at least 150 mm ahead of the selected granular fill material, and that the selected granular fill material is brought up and compacted at least 150 mm ahead of the adjacent earthworks fill. The interface between selected granular fill Reconstruction of road
59、section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-8 material conforming to this Section 700 and the adjacent earthworks carried out in accordance with Section 500 above shall be as shown on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer. Where selected granular fill is not speci
60、fied or instructed, the Contractor shall backfill behind and around the structure and up to ground level using suitable excavated material. Above ground level the Contractor shall use the same material as that being used for the adjacent embankment. 凡图纸所示或工程师有指示的，承包商应铺设工程师批准的挑选的颗粒填料（依据 510 条款）和/或能渗透
61、的过滤材料。回填期间，承包商应采用活动模板或其他工程师批准的方式，以便在挑选的颗粒填料之前抬高并压实渗透地层最小 150 毫米，并在相邻土方填充之前抬高并压实颗粒填料最小达 150 毫米。符合第 700 章的挑选颗粒填料之间的接触面，以及根据上述第 500 章开展的相邻土方工程应在图纸上显示出来，或按照工程师指示。如果没有规定或指定挑选的颗粒填料，承包商应使用适合的开挖料对结构下面和周围进行回填到地面标高。地面标高以上的，承包商应使用与相邻路堤相同的材料。 608 PRECAST STEEL REINFORCED CULVERT UNITS 预制加筋涵管 Concrete pipes shal
62、l be manufactured and tested in accordance with the Technical Conditions OST S 35-27.0-85, typical project Pipe and box pipe chains for road load 14, -120 and -180. Issue 1. Round chains. Request 04-08. Kazdorproject LLP, 2008, and the section 900 below and details shown in the drawings. Structures
63、and dimensions of the culverts shall comply to OST 35-27.1-85 and typical Pipe and box pipe chains for road load 14, -120 and -180. Issue 1. Round chains. Request 04-08. Kazdorproject LLP. 混凝管应按照技术条件 OST OST 35-27.0-85，样板工程道路负载的管道与箱管系列 A14，HK-120 与 HK-180第一期，圆形系列，要求 No.04-08KazdorprojectLLP,2008 以及下
64、述第900 章和图示所示详细资料进行制造并试验。涵洞的结构与规模应按照 OST 35-27.1-85 与样板工程道路负载的管道与箱管系列 A14，HK-120 与 HK-180第一期，圆形系列，要求 No.04-08KazdorprojectLLP。 Rectangular Precast Concrete culvert and other structural units shall comply with the requirements of the Technical Conditions OST 35-27.0-85, typical project Pipe and box pi
65、pe chains for road load 14, -120 and -180. Issue 1. Box chains. Request 04-08. Kazdorproject LLP, 2008, and the section 900 below and details shown in the drawings. Structures and dimensions of the culverts shall comply to OST 35-27.1-85 and typical Pipe and box pipe chains for road load 14, -120 an
66、d -180. Issue 1. Box chains. Request 04 -08. Kazdorproject LLP. 矩形预制混凝土涵洞及其他结构单元应符合技术条件 OST 35-27.0-85 的要求，样板工程道路负载的管道与箱管系列 A14，HK-120 与 HK-180第一期，箱型系列，要求 No.04-08KazdorprojectLLP,2008 以及下述第 900 章和图示所示详细资料。涵洞的结构与规模应按照OST 35-27.1-85 与样板工程道路负载的管道与箱管系列 A14，HK-120 与 HK-180第一期，箱型系列，要求 No.04-08Kazdorproje
67、ctLLP。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-9 3.501.1-144 IPE SEGMENT Design series 3.501.1-144 管段设计系列3.501.1-144 rand Name 项目名称 2.100 ZKP 2.100 2.200 ZKP 2.200 6.100 ZKP 6.100 6.200 ZKP 6.200 , Overall dimensions, mm 总尺寸，毫米 1 Length 长度 10
68、00 2000 1000 2 000 2 Internal diameter 内直径 1000 1000 1500 1 500 3 Wall thickness墙厚度 120 120 160 160 4 Concrete class 混凝土级别 30 30 30 30 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-10 PIPE SEGMENTS . . Brand name according 项目名称 Length 长度 External D
69、iameter 外直径 Internal Diameter 内直径 , Thickness 厚度 1 10 I10 1000 700 500 100 2 11 I11 1000 910 750 80 3 13 I13 1000 1240 1000 120 5 14 I14 1000 1490 1250 120 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-11 PORTAL STRUCTURE FOR THE CULVERT PIPES Bran
70、d name 项目名称 , Length长度 Width 宽度 eight 高度 1 CT-8 ST-8 1850 1500 350 2 CT-9 ST-9 2350 2260 350 3 CT-10 ST-10 2720 1220 680 4 CT-11 ST-11 2930 1420 680 5 CT-12 ST-12 3250 1760 680 6 CT-13 ST-13 3570 2100 680 7 17 Block 17 4200 2740 680 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Feder
71、ation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-12 PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS产品特性 序号 Concrete class 混凝土级别 Segment brand 段号 , Size of mouthof pipe, m 管口大小，米 Length长度 Width 宽度 eight 高度 1 30 2100 RS 2100 1000 1220 1780 1,0x1,5 2 30 8.100 RS 8.100 1000 1740 2430 1,5x2,8 3 30 10.100 RS 10.100 1000 2260 2380 2,0x2,0 4 30 11.
72、100 RS 11.100 1000 2260 2500 2,0x2,0 5 30 12.100 RS 12.100 1000 2320 2680 2,0x2,0 6 35 13.100 RS 13.100 1000 2760 2450 2,5x2,0 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-13 7 35 14.100 RS 14.100 1000 2840 2570 2,5x2,0 8 35 19.100 RS 19.100 1000
73、4300 3130 4x2,5 9 35 20.100 RS 20.100 1000 4420 3170 1,0x1,13 10 35 21.100 RS 21.100 1000 4600 3370 1,0x1,13 CULVERT HEADS 涵洞上端 11 30 32 1000 1220 2120 1,0x1,5 12 30 34 1000 1740 2700 1,5x2,0 13 30 35 1000 2260 2740 2,0x2,0 14 35 36 1000 2750 2800 2,5x2,0 15 35 38 1000 4360 3400 4x2,5 CURVED BLOKS涵洞
74、砌块 Brand name项目 , Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-14 名称 Length长度 Width 宽度 eight 高度 1 . 4 Curved block 4 4 号涵洞砌块 2010 1190 430 2 . 5 Curved block 5 5 号涵洞砌块 1500 1190 430 3 . 8 Curved block 8 8 号涵洞砌块 2010 1600 520 4 . 9 Curved block 9 9
75、 号涵洞砌块 1500 1600 520 5 . 24 Curved block 24 24 号涵洞砌块 1320 1300 460 6 . 26 Curved block 26 26 号涵洞砌块 1320 1780 560 7 . 6 Curved block 6 6 号涵洞砌块 2010 1390 480 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-15 8 . 7 Curved block 7 7 号涵洞砌块 1500 1390 480
76、Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-16 609 BEDDING AND LAYING OF CULVERTS 基床与涵洞敷设 Culverts shall be bedded directly above soil material. Where the soil conditions are unsuitable, the Contractor shall excavate the invert and backfill it as
77、 specified in the Section 600. 涵洞应直接嵌入在土壤材料上方。凡土壤条件不适合的，承包商应按照第600 章的规定开挖倒拱并进行回填。 A BEDDING AND LAYING OF CONCRETE CULVERTS ON EXISTING OR IMPORTED FILL MATERIAL OR IMPORTED GRANULAR MATERIAL 基床与现有混凝土涵洞的敷设或输入填料或输入颗粒材料 The Contractor shall compact the bottom of the excavation to 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2
78、004). 承包商应压实挖掘底部达 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004）。 Where the pipe is to be laid directly on the in-situ foundation, the foundation shall be accurately shaped so that the barrel of the pipe rests uniformly on the foundation over at least one-third of its diameter and for the full length of the barrel. 凡管道直接铺
79、设在现场地基的，地基应准确塑形，这样地基剩余的管道管芯至少直径的三分之一和芯管全长一致。 Where the pipe is to be bedded on pipe bedding material, well graded granular material shall be used with a maximum stone size of 20 mm and a maximum 10% passing the 75m sieve. The material shall be compacted to 95% M.D.D. (ST RK 1285-2004). 凡管道使用管垫材料嵌入的，
80、应使用最大石头尺寸为 20 毫米的细级颗粒材料，且最多 10%能经过 75微米筛子。材料应压实达 95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004）。 In both cases, the Contractor shall form voids under the sockets to allow pipe jointing. When the pipe joint has been completed, the void shall be rammed with well graded granular pipe bedding material. 在这两种情况下，承包商应在套筒下方塑造孔隙以允
81、许管接。完成管接时，孔隙应使用细级颗粒管垫材料夯实。 B BEDDING AND LAYING OF CONCRETE UNITS ON A CONCRETE BED 基床与混凝土底座上混凝土管段的铺设 1) Where units are required to be laid on a concrete bed, the Contractor shall bed the units on 1:3 cement mortar: sand mortar at least 50 mm thick, 150 mm wide and extending the full length of the
82、barrel. 凡需要在混凝土底座铺设单位管段的，承包商应按照 1:3 水泥砂浆嵌入单位管段；砂浆最少 50毫米厚，150 毫米宽且延伸至芯管全长。 After the joints have been formed, the Contractor shall pack concrete Class B15 hard under the barrel and sockets of the culvert and extend it upwards on each side of the culvert Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Bo
83、rder of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-17 to the height shown on the Drawings. 接头成形后，承包商应夯实芯管下方的 B15 级混凝土，以及涵洞套筒，并向上延伸涵洞每边达图纸所示的高度。 610 JOINTING CONCRETE CULVERTS 焊接混凝土涵洞 A RIGID JOINTS刚性接头 1) Contractor shall clean spigots and sockets of rigid-jointed concrete pipes with integral socke
84、ts to remove all mud, oil, grease or other deleterious matter before entering a pipe spigot into its socket. He shall wrap a gasket of tarred hemp yarn, cut to length so that it forms a butt joint at the crown of the pipe, round the spigot which shall then be fully entered into the socket and the ga
85、sket caulked up hard into the joint. He shall then fill the joint completely with a plastic mortar composed of one part of cement to two parts of sand and finished off with a fillet at an angle of 45. 管道插口插入其套筒前，承包商应清理插口和带完整套筒的刚性连接混凝土管的套筒以移除所有泥浆、油料、油脂或其他有害材料。承包商应使用涂了焦油的麻线缠绕垫圈，削减长度以便在管道顶点形成对接，而且插口周围应
86、全部插入管座，且垫圈牢固填缝到接合处内。然后承包商应使用塑性灰浆完全填充接合处，塑性灰浆应由 1:2 的水泥：沙组成，并以 45度角的平边结束。 2) Rigid jointed sleeves used to join two spigots shall be jointed in the same manner as integral sockets. 连接两个插口的刚性连接套管应与完整套筒的连接方式相同。 3) If the Engineer requires ogee jointed pipes to be laid with a mortar joint, the Contracto
87、r shall make the joint at the time of laying. He shall apply mortar as described above to the lower semi-circumference of the socket and to the upper semi-circumference of the spigot, and draw the pipe hard into the socket. The outside of the joint shall be pointed up with a fillet of 1:2 cement : s
88、and mortar, 75 mm wide and 25 mm thick, all the way round and central over the joint. 如果工程师要求使用灰浆接缝铺设双弯曲线连接管，承包商应在铺设时布置接缝。承包商应按照上述规定把灰浆涂在低于套筒半圆处，以及高于插口半圆处，并将管道拉入套筒内。接合处外围应使用 1:2 的水泥：砂浆平边加强，75毫米宽，25毫米厚，一直到接合处周围和中心。 4) The Contractor shall saturate all pipes with water before jointing and scrape clean
89、 inside and finish off the joint with 1:2 cement : sand mortar. Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-18 承包商应在焊接之前用水浸透所有管道，并刮干净内部，并以 1:2 的水泥：砂浆结束。 5) The Contractor shall protect all joints from the wind, sun and rain by a covering approved
90、 by the Engineer, and shall keep them constantly damp for a period of at least three days. 承包商应使用工程师认可的遮盖物保护所有接头不被风吹、日晒和雨淋，并应保持接头持续潮湿最少三天时间。 6) The Contractor shall ensure that the pipes are not disturbed in any way for at least 48 hours after jointing.承包商应确保管道连接后至少 48小时无论如何不受干扰。 B PROTECTIVE BITUMI
91、NOUS COATING AND TAPING防护沥青涂层和镶边 Where directed by the Engineer a protective bituminous coating shall be applied to the outside surfaces of the culvert barrel to provide a water-proof membrane seal. The paint shall be a mastic asphalt or similar propriety product approved by the Engineer. 凡工程师有指示的，涵
92、洞芯管外围表面应使用防护沥青涂层来提供防水膜封孔。涂料应是黏合沥青或工程师批准的类似适当产品。 Where directed by the Engineer the joints between culvert units shall be taped on the outside using two layers of DENSA sealing tape or equivalent approved by the Engineer. 凡工程师有指示的，涵管之间的接合处应使用两层 DENSA 密封带或工程师批准的相等物捆扎。 C CULVERT ENDS涵洞末端 Unless otherwi
93、se specified pipe ends shall be left normal. 除非另有规定，应正常留下管道末端。 Portal and rectangular units shall not be provided with skewed ends. These culvert units shall be supplied square and the portion that would otherwise be cut off shall project outside the culvert head walls. 不能提供带歪斜末端的入口和矩形单位管段。这些涵管应是正方形
94、的，且可以另外切断的部分应设计在涵洞端墙外围。 611 CONCRETE BEDS, SURROUNDS AND HAUNCHES 混凝土底座、挡板和承托 The Contractor shall clean, trim and compact the floor of the trench before any bed, surround or haunch is placed and obtain the approval of the Engineer before commencing concreting. Reconstruction of road section km 2183
95、-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-19 承包商应在铺设任何底座、挡板或承托前清理、修整并压实沟渠地面，并在开始浇筑混凝土之前获得工程的批准。 All concrete for beds, surrounds and haunches shall be Class B15 complying with Section 900 below, formed to the dimensions shown on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer. 依照下述第 900
96、章，用于底座、挡板和承托的所有混凝土应是 B15级，做成图纸所示或工程是指示的尺寸规格。 Unless otherwise instructed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall place 150 mm of concrete surround to concrete pipes in the following circumstances: 除非工程师另行规定，在下列情况下承包商应铺设 150 毫米混凝土围绕混凝土管： a) concrete pipes up to and including 600 mm with cover less than
97、 600 mm or more than 3.0m; 混凝土管达到且包括 600毫米，带小于 600 毫米或大于 3毫米的罩面： b) concrete pipes over 600 mm diameter and not exceeding 900 mm diameter with cover less than 1.0m or more than 3.0m; 混凝土管超过 600 毫米直径且不超过 900 毫米直径，带小于 1 毫米或大于 3 毫米的罩面； c) concrete pipes over 900 mm diameter, at any depth.任一深度混凝土管超过 900
98、毫米直径。 612 DRAINAGE STRUCTURES 排水结构 Drainage structures shall include headwalls, wing walls and apron slabs in culvert inlet and outlet structures. They shall also include minor structures such as catch pits, cascades, chutes, channels, spillways and the like, working details for which will be issued
99、 by the Engineer from time to time during the Contract. 排水结构应包括端墙、翼墙和涵洞进出口结构的护坦板。还应包括小型结构，例如集水沟、流水台阶、溜槽、水槽、溢洪道等等，合同期内应不时把施工作详细资料发给工程师。 Culvert inlet and outlet structures shall be in accordance with typical highway project No 3.501-1-156 Lengipritransmost, 1989. 涵洞进出口结构应依据典型道路工程第3.501-1-156 Lengipri
100、transmost ，1989. In-situ or pre cast concrete for drainage structures shall be Class B20 in accordance with Section 900 below unless otherwise shown on the Drawings. The surface finish shall comply with the requirements of the typical highway project. 除非图纸另外规定，按照下述第 900 章，用于排水结构的现场或预制混凝土应是 B20级。表面抛光
101、应遵守典型道路工程的要求。 Unless otherwise specified or shown on the Drawings concrete shall be reinforced in the back and front faces of all walls and the top and bottom of all slabs, as directed by the Engineer, both horizontally and vertically to form a mesh. The reinforcement shall be fixed in accordance wi
102、th, and shall comply with, the requirements of Section 900. 除非另行规定或图纸所示，应在所有墙面后面和正面以及所有混凝土路面的顶部和底部加固混凝土，按照工程师指示，水平和垂直两边都要形成钢筋网。应按照第 900 章的要求固定钢筋。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-20 613 OUTFALL CHANNELS, DAMS AND SCOUR CHECKS 排水口通道、堤和防
103、冲刷地方 Outfall channels, earth dams and scour checks shall be formed at the locations and to the lines and levels shown on the Drainage or as instructed by the Engineer. 应在图纸所示或按照工程师指示的地点和高低位置形成排水口通道、土坝和防冲刷的地方。 Where shown on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer the Contractor shall construct ea
104、rth dams in side drains, cut-off drains, catch water drains, mitre and outfall drains to prevent the flow overshooting the drainage works or to direct flows into culvert inlets. Similar earth structures may also be used as erosion checks. 凡图纸所示或工程师有指示的，承包商应在边沿阴沟、截水沟、集水槽排水沟、斜接面和排水口排水沟处建造土坝，避免流量超过排水工程
105、或直接流入涵洞进口。类似的土方结构同样可以作为防腐蚀的地方。 Earth dams shall be formed in selected/suitable fill material compacted to a minimum dry density of 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004). Where stone pitching is instructed it shall be in accordance with the Section 600. Where top soiling is instructed it shall be in accordance w
106、ith Section 500 above. 建造土坝应使用挑选的/适合的填料压实达最小干密度95%MDD（ST RK 1285-2004）。凡指定了砌石护坡的，应符合第 600 章的要求。凡指定了表层土的，应符合上述第 500 章的要求。 The Contractor may also excavate in the invert of drains for scour checks to be located as shown on the Drawings or directed by the Engineer. The width and the depth of the scour
107、check will be determined by the drain and scour check dimensions and shall be as directed by the Engineer. 承包商也可以在图纸所示或工程师指定的防冲刷的位置在排水沟倒拱进行开挖。防冲刷的地方的宽度和深度应由排水沟和防冲刷的规模决定，并且由工程师指定。 Concrete for scour checks shall be Class B20 which shall comply with the requirements of Section 900 below.按照下述第 900章的要求，
108、防冲刷的地方应使用B20级混凝土。 614 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE 清洁和保养 The Contractor shall be responsible for maintaining the existing and new including temporary drainage systems during construction of culverts and all other drainage works such that water is passed along and across the Works without damage to the W
109、orks and all cofferdams, diversions, pumping, temporary drainage works or other works necessary shall be provided and maintained at the Contractors cost. Any damage caused to the Works by the Contractors failure to make adequate provision for drainage of the Works shall be repaired at the Contractor
110、s cost. 承包商应负责保养现有的和新的包括涵洞施工期间的临时排水系统，以及所有其他排水工程，以便水能沿着并穿过工程结构流过不会损坏工程，且所有围堰、分水渠、泵送、临时排水工程或其他必要工程应由承包商花费提供并维护。因承包商的失误对工程造成任何损坏的，承包商应做好工程排水系统的充分预防措施，自费修理工程排水系统。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-21 615 CONCRETE EDGE KERBS CHANNELLING AND
111、 LINING 混凝土边路缘开槽和衬砌 This section covers the construction of concrete edge kerbing and channelling, open concrete chutes and concrete lining of open drains in accordance with typical highway project 503-09-7.84 Souzdorproject, 1984 y, and to the details shown on the Drawings or as directed by the Eng
112、ineer. Precast elements of drainage structures are accepted in accordance with the typical highway project of the No. 3.503.1-66, Souzdorproject, 1984 y. 本节涵盖了混凝土边路缘和开槽的施工，开放式混凝土溜槽和排水明沟的混凝土衬砌，依据典型道路工程 503-09-7.84Souzdorproject ，1984 年，以及图纸所示的详细资料或工程师的指示。排水结构的预制构件应按照典型道路工程第 3.503.1-66，Souzdorproject，
113、1984 年进行验收。 A MATERIALS材料 All concrete work shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Section 900 of these Specifications. 所有混凝土工程应按照本规范第900章的要求进行。 1) Edge Kerbs边路缘 Edge kerbs include barrier kerbs, mountable and semi-mountable kerbs which may be constructed in Class B20 pre-cast c
114、oncrete to the dimensions shown on the Drawings 边路缘包括隔离路缘、可固定路缘和半固定路缘，可以预制B20级混凝土建造达图纸所示的大小。 Chutes (Cascades)斜槽（流水台阶） Chutes shall be manufactured in Class B20 pre-cast concrete to the dimensions shown on the Drawings, and the units shall fit neatly into each other. 斜槽应使用 B20 级预制混凝土制造达图纸所示的大小，且单位管段
115、应互相均匀符合。 Channels 水槽 Channels shall be constructed from Class B20 concrete and reinforced with high yield steel mesh reinforcement in both faces as indicated in the drawings or directed by the Engineer. 水槽应使用 B20级混凝土建造，并使用高产钢丝网加固，按照图纸所示或工程师指示在两面加固。 Joint Sealant 接口密封带 Cold-poured joint sealant shall
116、 be a two-part polysulphide sealing compound. 冷浇接口密封带应是三分之二多硫化物密封剂。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-22 Bedding Material 垫料 The material on which concrete kerbs and channels are to be bedded shall consist of crushed stone, cinders, sla
117、g, sand or other approved porous material with a maximum particle size of 15 mm. 混凝土路缘以及嵌入的水槽的材料应包含碎石、煤渣、矿渣、沙子或其他认可的疏松材料，最大颗粒大小 15毫米。 Where concrete bedding material is shown on the drawings, it shall comply with the requirements of non-structural concrete of Section 900. 凡图纸显示混凝土垫料的，应符合第900章非结构性混凝土
118、的要求。 B CONSTRUCTION施工 1) Excavation and Bedding开挖与机床 Trenches for kerbs and channels shall be excavated to the required depth and all unsuitable material shall be removed and replaced with a layer of selected bedding material at least 75 mm thick. The bedding shall be compacted and accurately shaped
119、 to the required grade. No concrete shall be placed on uncompacted or disturbed material. Excavation for channel drains shall be constructed and paid for in accordance with the provisions of this Section. All loose material shall be compacted to a density of not less than 95% MDD (ST RK 1285-2004).
120、用于路缘和水槽的沟渠应开挖至要求的深度，且所有不适合的材料应移除，并替换以至少75 毫米厚度挑选的垫料地层。机床应压实并准确塑造成要求的级别。不得在未压实或受到干扰的材料上铺设混凝土。水槽排水沟开挖应按照本章规定建造并铺设。所有疏松材料应压实达密度不小于 95%MDD（ST Rk 1285-2004）。 Where channel excavation is in rock the conditions of the Section 600 shall be applied. 凡在岩石上开挖水槽的，应适用第 600 章的条件。 Excavations for chutes shall be n
121、eatly trimmed. All loose material shall be compacted and where overbreak occurs in hard material it shall be backfilled with non-structural concrete. 斜槽开挖应修整整齐。所有疏松材料应压实，且凡出现硬质材料超挖的，应适用非结构性混凝土进行回填。 Precast concrete edge Kerbs 预制混凝土边路缘 Pre-cast concrete kerbing shall be laid and bedded in Class B15 c
122、oncrete with close joints of 3:1 sand: cement mortar at the ends. The joints may not exceed 10 mm in thickness and must be neatly pointed with a pointing trowel. Guide lines and straight-edges shall be used to ensure that the exposed faces of kerbs and edgings are set true to line and elevation. Ker
123、bing around curves shall be laid along the full curve length before the joints are made, unless otherwise allowed by the Engineer. 预制混凝土路缘应铺设并嵌入 B15 级混凝土，在末端使用沙子与水泥会将 3:1 的密缝。接头不可以超过 10 毫米厚度，且必须使用勾缝刀平整嵌填。校正线和校正装置应用来确保路缘外路面和边条与直线和海拔相吻合。曲线附近的路缘应在生成连接前沿着整个曲线长度铺设，工程师另外允许的除外。 Reconstruction of road secti
124、on km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-23 Concrete Channels 混凝土水槽 Concrete channels shall be cast in alternate sections. The lengths of sections shall be uniform throughout and shall be equal to 2 m for every 100 mm average thickness or depth of concrete measured perpe
125、ndicular to the bed, except where shorter sections are necessary for closures or where otherwise shown on the Drawings or required by the Engineer. The exposed surfaces of the concrete shall be finished in accordance with Section 900 below. The concrete shall be cured in accordance with the requirem
126、ents of Section 900 below. 混凝土水槽应浇筑在交替节段。节段长度应始终一致，且每 100 毫米平均厚度或垂直于底座的测量混凝土深度应等于 2 米，除了结束必须要较短的节段或图纸另有显示或工程师有要求。混凝土的裸露面应根据下述第900章进行抛光处理。应按照下述第900章的要求固化混凝土。 Abutting joints shall be painted with mastic asphalt coating before intermediate sections are cast. 对接接头应在浇筑中间节段之前刷上沥青砂胶涂层。 Guidelines and stra
127、ight-edges shall be used to ensure that the exposed are formed to line and elevation. 应使用标线和校正装置以确保暴露的部分达到直线和高程。 When curing is complete the joints shall be sealed with an application of joint sealant as specified. 完成固化的，应按规定应用接口密封带密封接头。 Concrete Chutes in cascades on side slopes of fills and cuts 垫
128、层和沟渠边坡上流水台阶的混凝土斜槽 The units shall be neatly laid to line and grade from the bottom upwards so that each consecutive unit fits neatly into the previous one, with the bottom unit resting against the outlet structure. 单位管段应完整敷设排列且等级从底部向上，这样每个连续的单位管段可以整齐地与前一个配合，底部单位管段靠着出口结构。 A transition section shall b
129、e constructed at the inlet to lead the water into the chute as shown on the Drawings.应在进口建造过渡段，以引导水流按图纸所示流入斜槽。 Concrete-Lined Open Drains 混凝土衬砌明沟 Concrete lining shall be constructed from Class B20 concrete and shall be laid to the shape and levels indicated on the Drawings and directed by the Engin
130、eer. The surface of the excavation against which the lining is to be placed shall be covered by polythene sheet 0.15 mm thick and all joints in the sheeting shall overlap by at least 150 mm. The concrete lining shall be cast in alternate panels and cold joints shall be painted as specified before ad
131、joining slabs are cast. 混凝土衬砌的建造应使用 B20 级混凝土，并且应敷设达图纸所示或工程师指示的模型和水平面。铺设衬砌上的挖掘表面应使用 0.15 毫米厚度的聚乙烯薄板覆盖，且薄板上的所有接头Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-24 应重叠至少 150 毫米。混凝土衬砌应在交替面板上浇筑，并在浇筑相邻混凝土路面前按规定装饰虚焊接头。 Transition Sections过渡段 Transition sect
132、ions for chutes shall be constructed in situ in Class 20/20 concrete to the dimensions indicated on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. They shall be built to the same standards as described for the edge kerbing. 斜槽的过渡段应使用 B20/20 级混凝土在现场建造达图纸所示或工程师指定的尺寸。斜槽的建造与边路缘规定的标准相同。 Where kerbs and cha
133、nnels are laid after construction of the base, the spaces between the concrete and adjoining base shall be filled with compacted pre-mixed bituminous material and the cost shall be included in the rates for the items. 凡在底座建造后敷设路缘和水槽的，混凝土和相邻底座的间距应使用压实过的预混合沥青材料填充，且成本应包含在项目价格内。 C TOLERANCES AND SURFACE
134、 FINISH公差与表面抛光 1) Concrete Edge Kerbs and Channelling混凝土边路缘和开槽 Concrete kerbing and channelling shall be constructed to within the following dimensional and alignment tolerances: 混凝土路缘和开槽应在下列尺寸和定位公差内建造。 (i) Horizontal Alignment水平对齐 The maximum deviation of edges, centre line or vertical surfaces fro
135、m the specified position shall be 25 mm.边界、中线或垂直面与规定位置的最大偏差应是25毫米。 Maximum deviation of edges, centre line or vertical surfaces from the specified alignment shall be 1:500 when taken over any section more than 10 m in length.当移交任何长度超过 10米的节段时，边界、中线或垂直面与规定平面图的最大偏差应是 1:500。 (ii) Vertical Alignment and
136、 Level垂直对齐和水平 The inside edge of channelling shall nowhere be above the finished road level nor more than 10 mm below the finished road surface. The invert level of channels and drains and the top of kerbing shall nowhere deviate more than 10 mm from the required level and nowhere shall channels or
137、drains have any adverse grade. 任何地方的开槽内侧边缘不得超过完成的路面水平 10 毫米，在完成的路面之下。任何地方的开槽倒拱底高程和排水沟以及路缘顶部不得超过要求的水平 10 毫米偏差，且任何地方都不得有开槽或排水沟的反坡。 (iii) Trueness of exposed surfaces裸露面的准确度 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-25 When tested with a 3 m strai
138、ght-edge, no surface irregularities shall exceed 6 mm. 当使用 3米的校正装置试验时，表面不平整不得超过 6毫米。 (iv) Cross-Sectional Dimensions 横截面尺寸 All cross-sectional dimensions shall be within 6 mm of the specified dimensions, except that the underside of channelling may extend up to 25 mm below the level at which it woul
139、d have the required thickness. 所有横截面尺寸应在规定尺寸 6 毫米之内，除了开槽下面要求厚度的地方可以延伸至水平面下 25 毫米。 Concrete Chutes and Concrete-Lined Open Drains 混凝土斜槽和混凝土衬砌明沟 Concrete-lined open drains and concrete chutes shall be constructed to within the following tolerances: 混凝土衬砌明沟和混凝土斜槽应在下列公差内建造： (i) Horizontal Alignment 水平对齐
140、 The maximum deviation from the true position of the edges or centre line shall be 25 mm. 与边界或中线的位置度的最大偏差应是 25 毫米。 Maximum deviation of edges, centre line or vertical surfaces from the specified alignment shall be 1:500 when taken over any section more than 10 m in length.当移交任何长度超过 10米的节段时，边界、中线或垂直面
141、与规定平面图的最大偏差应是 1:500。 (ii) Vertical Alignment垂直对齐 The invert level of concrete-lined open channels shall nowhere deviate more than 25 mm from the required level and nowhere shall the open-drain inverts have an adverse grade. 任何地方混凝土衬砌明沟的倒拱底高程不应超过要求水平面 25 毫米，且任何地方的明沟倒拱不得有不良等级。 (iii) Trueness of Expose
142、d Surfaces裸露面的准确性 When tested with a 3 m straight-edge, no exposed surface shall show surface irregularities of more than 10 mm. 当使用 3米的校正装置试验时，裸露面未显示超过10毫米表面不平整。 (iv) Cross-Sectional Dimensions横截面尺寸 All cross-sectional dimensions shall be within 10 mm of the specified dimensions and the average thi
143、ckness of any invert of side slab shall not be less than the specified thickness when considering any complete slab or any slab section having a surface area of 10 m2 or more and disregarding any thickness of more than 10 mm in excess of the specified thickness. 考虑到任何完整混凝土路面或任何混凝土路面节段表面面积有 10 平方米或更多
144、，且不考虑任何超过规定厚度 10 毫米的厚度，所有横截面尺寸应在规定尺寸 10 毫米之内，且任何旁边混凝土路面倒拱的平均厚度不应小于规定厚度。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-26 PART B - RIVER TRAINING AND PROTECTION WORK 河流治理与防护工程 616 BANKS AND DYKES 河岸与防护堤 The alignment and layout of dykes shall be as
145、indicated on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer.应按照图纸所示或工程师的指示定位并设计防护堤。 The construction of embankments for dykes shall conform to provisions of Section 500 above and shall be measured and paid for accordingly. 防护堤的路堤建造应按照上述第500章的规定，并据此测量和付款。 Pitching, filter underneath pitching, rip-rap in
146、 apron, toe protection etc. shall be as per these specifications. 铺地石、铺地石下的滤光镜、护坦堆石护坡、坡脚保护等等应按照这些规范。 617 RIPRAP 堆石护坡 Stone for rip-rap shall consist of well shaped hard dense durable rock. At least 50 per cent of the pieces shall have a volume greater than 0.03 m3 and not more than 5 per cent shall
147、have a volume of less than 0.01 m3. The stone for rip-rap shall consist of two sizes: 堆石护坡的石头应包含井形硬密度耐磨岩石。至少 50%的石块体积应大于 0.03m，且不超过 5%的石块体积小于 0.01m。堆石护坡的石头应包含两种尺寸： a) Primary stones shall consist of hard angular pieces with no dimension less than 65 mm nor any dimension more than 250 mm. The specifi
148、c gravity of the stone material shall not be less than 2.50 and the individual pieces of stone shall weigh not less than 20 kg and not more than 35 kg. 主要石头应包含硬质有角的石块，尺寸既不小于 65 毫米又不超过 250 毫米。石材的比重不应少于 2.50，且单块石头重量不小于 20 公斤不超过 35 公斤。 b) Choke stones shall consist of fragments or spalls smaller than t
149、he primary stones and properly sized to wedge satisfactorily between the primary stones. 嵌缝石应包含断片或比主要石头更小的碎石，且适当调整大小以能符合嵌入主要石头之间。 The aggregate for filter underlay shall consist of hard durable particles or fragments of crushed stone or natural gravel, screened or crushed to meet the following gradi
150、ng requirements: 过滤衬底的骨料应包含硬质耐磨粒子或碎石碎片或天然碎石、筛过的或压碎的以满足下列等级要求： Sieve size 筛眼孔径 Percent passing 过筛百分率 70 mm70 毫米 100 5 mm 5 毫米 20-50 0.071 mm0,071 毫0-10 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-27 米 The ground surface to be protected shall be sh
151、aped to the correct lines and profiles within a tolerance of +25 mm. Protection shall begin in a ditch excavated at the toe of the slope, having depth up to 0.6 mm and the side of the ditch next to the fill or cut shall have the same slope. The toe trench shall be backfilled after the slope protecti
152、on has been placed. 受保护的地面应塑形达正确的型线，且剖面在+25 毫米公差内。应在坡脚开挖沟渠开始防护，深度达 0.6 毫米，且沟渠的一边紧挨着填土或通道也有同样的斜坡。边坡保护完成后应回填沟渠底部。 Filter underlay shall be placed on the prepared ground to the required thickness with a thickness tolerance of +10 mm. The thickness of the filter underlay shall be one-third the thickness
153、 of the stone rip-rap as shown on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. The filter underlay shall be compacted to the extent necessary to hold it in place during the placement of the stone rip-rap protection. 过滤衬底应铺设在准备好的地面上，达到要求厚度在+10 毫米公差厚度内。按照图纸所示或工程师指示，过滤衬底的厚度应是堆石护坡厚度的三分之一。过滤衬底应压实达必要的程度以在
154、进行堆石护坡防护期间适当支撑。 Stone rip-rap protection shall be placed to the specified thickness and limits with a thickness tolerance of +15 mm. Stones shall be hand placed and fitted to each other to form a neat, uniform, reasonably continuous and compact layer. 堆石护坡防护应铺设达规定厚度，并限制在+15 毫米公差厚度内。石头应手工铺设并互相调整到形成整洁
155、、统一、合理连续且压实地层。 The stones shall be laid with close joints from the bottom of the slope of embankment or existing ground. Larger stones shall be placed first with their longitudinal axis normal to the slope face and so arranged that each stone above the foundation course has a three point bearing on
156、underlying stones. The foundation course is placed on the slope in contact with the filter layer. Stones shall not be placed by dumping. Interstices between larger stones shall be tightly hand-packed with choke stones upward. The surface shall be hand packed, carefully bedded and tightly wedged with
157、 suitable spalls to form an even surface. 应从路堤斜坡底部或现有路面用密缝铺设石头。稍大些的石头应先用纵轴正常铺设到斜坡面，这样安排基础层上的每个石头在下面的石头上可以有三点轴承。斜坡上基础层的铺设应联系到过滤层。不得用倾倒方式铺设石头。较大石头的间隙应使用阻气门石头向上紧密用手压紧。表面应用手压紧，仔细分层并用适合的碎片紧密嵌入形成平表面。 Stone rip rap shall be laid so that the line and level of the finished surface does not vary by more than
158、+20mm from the drawings or as otherwise instructed by the Engineer. The thickness shall not vary by more than +15mm or 0mm from that shown on the drawings. 应铺设堆石护坡，以便完成的表面高低位置不会与图纸所示或工程师另行规定的相差超过20毫米。厚度不应与图纸所示相差超过 +15毫米或0毫米。 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (t
159、o Samara)-Shymkent 600-28 618 IN-SITU OR PRECAST STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE SCOUR PROTECTION 现场或预制钢筋混凝土防冲面层 In-situ or precast steel reinforced concrete scour protection shall be class 20/20 in accordance with Section 900. The surface finish shall be U1 for unformed finishes and F1 for formed finishe
160、s. Reinforcement shall be 10mm diameter, 200mm x 200mm square 根据第 900 章，现场或预制钢筋混凝土防冲面层应是 20/20 级别。未完成抛光的表面抛光应是 U1，完成的应是 F1。钢筋影视 10 毫米直径，200 毫米200 毫米平方。 619 STONE PITCHING 砌石护坡 The work consists of providing protection to the sides and bottoms of open drains at selected locations using hand-placed st
161、one pitching backed by filter underlay and grouted from top. Lined drains shall be constructed to Drawings or as instructed by the Engineer and subject to the requirements further indicated herein. 本工程包括在选定位置的明渠边上和底部提供防护，依靠过滤衬底使用手工铺设砌石护坡，并从顶部开始灌浆。内衬水渠应按照图纸或工程师指示建造，并符合这里规定的进一步要求。 The stone for pitchi
162、ng shall consist of two sizes:护坡的石头应包含两种尺寸： Primary stones shall consist of hard angular pieces with no dimensions less than 75 mm nor any dimension more than 250 mm. In one of the directions, the stone shall measure between 125 to 165 mm. The specific gravity of the stone material shall not be less
163、 than 2.50. 主要的石头应包含硬质有角的石块，大小既不小于 75 毫米又不超过 250 毫米。其中一个方向上，石头的测量应介于 125到 165毫米之间。石材的比重不小于 2.50。 Choke stones shall consist of fragments or spalls smaller than the primary stones and properly sized to wedge satisfactorily between the primary stones. 嵌缝石应包含断片或比主要石头更小的碎石，且适当调整大小以能符合嵌入主要石头之间。 The aggre
164、gate for filter underlay shall consist of hard durable particles or fragments of crushed stone or natural gravel, screened or crushed to meet the following gradations requirements: 过滤衬底的骨料应包含硬质耐磨粒子或碎石碎片或天然碎石、筛过的或压碎的以满足下列等级要求： Sieve size筛眼孔径 Percent passing过筛百分率 50 mm50 毫米 100 20 mm20 毫米 85-100 5 mm5
165、 毫米 20-50 0.071 mm 0.071 毫米 0-10 Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-29 The sides and bottom of drain to be lined shall be excavated to the correct line and level within a tolerance of +15 mm. Placement of filter underlay and stones shall
166、 begin at the bottom of the drain and be extended upwards along the sides of the drain. 衬砌的排水沟各边和底部应开挖至正确的高低位置，在+15 毫米公差内。过滤衬底的铺设与石头应开始于排水沟底部，并沿着排水沟各边向上延伸。 Filter underlay shall be placed on the prepared ground to a thickness of 75 mm with a thickness tolerance of +10 mm. The filter underlay shall b
167、e compacted to the extent necessary to hold it in place during the placement of the stone pitching. 过滤衬底应铺设在准备好的地面达 75 毫米厚度，在+10 毫米公差厚度内。过滤衬底应压实达必要程度以在铺设砌石护坡期间能支撑住。 Stone pitching shall be placed to a thickness of 150 mm with a thickness tolerance of +15 mm. Stone shall be hand placed and fitted to
168、each other to form a neat uniform, reasonably continuous and compact layer. Larger stones shall be placed first with their longitudinal axis normal to the slope face and interstices between larger stones shall be tightly hand-packed with choke stones. 砌石护坡应铺设达 150 毫米厚度，在+15 毫米公差厚度内。石头应手工铺设并互相调整到形成整洁
169、、统一、合理连续且压实地层。稍大些的石头应先用纵轴正常铺设到斜坡面，且较大石头的间隙应使用阻气门石头紧密用手压紧。 Stone pitching shall be laid so that the line and level of the finished surface does not vary by more than +20mm from the drawings or as otherwise instructed by the Engineer. The thickness shall not vary by more than +15mm or 0mm from that sh
170、own on the drawings. 应铺设砌石护坡，以便完成的表面高低位置不会与图纸所示或工程师另行规定的相差超过20毫米。厚度不应与图纸所示相差超过 +15毫米或0毫米。 The grout shall be prepared using one part of Portland cement and three parts of sand (70 to 100 % passing 1.18 mm sieve and not more than 10% passing 0.075 mm sieve) thoroughly mixed with water to produce a wo
171、rkable mix. Before grouting, stones shall be well moistened with water after placement. The grout shall be applied while the stone is moist and worked into the interstices to fill the voids completely. Grout shall not placed in rainy weather and when the temperature is below 2oC. 灌浆应使用一份波特兰水泥比三份沙子（7
172、0到 100%经过 1.18毫米筛子，且不超过 10%经过0.075 毫米筛子）准备好，用水完全混合以产出切实可行的混合物。灌浆前，石头应在铺设后用水良好湿润。灌浆时石头应是湿润的，且穿入间隙以完全填满孔隙。不得在雨天或气温低于 2时进行灌浆。 620 SCOUR CHECKS 防冲刷的地方 Steel reinforced concrete for scour checks shall be Class B20 and shall comply with the requirements of Section 900 of this Specification. Formwork, comp
173、lying with the requirements of Section 900 of this Specification, shall be provided for all concrete placed above the level of the drain profile. Unless otherwise specified or shown on the Drawings, concrete for scour checks shall be reinforced in the back and front faces with 10 mm diameter high yi
174、eld stress deformed bars placed at 200 mm centres both horizontally and vertically to form a mesh. The reinforcement shall Reconstruction of road section km 2183-2217 Border of Russian Federation (to Samara)-Shymkent 600-30 be fixed in accordance with, and shall comply with, the requirements of Sect
175、ion 900 of this Specification. 防冲刷地方的钢骨钢筋混凝土应是 B20 级，并遵循本规范第 900 章的要求。按照本规范第900 章的要求，应在排水沟剖面水平面上为敷设的所有混凝土提供模架。除非另行规定或图纸所示，防冲刷地方的混凝土应在背面和正面加固 10 毫米直径，在水平和垂直方向 200 毫米中心敷设高产异形钢筋，以形成网丝。应按照本规范第 900章的要求固定钢筋。 621 PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE GRID SLOPE PROTECTION WITH STONE INFILL 预制钢筋混凝土栅格内填石护坡 Reinforced
176、concrete precast grids will be placed on the embankment slopes, tied with steel embedded into the embankment as shown in the drawings or as directed by Engineer. 应在路堤斜坡铺设钢筋混凝土预制栅格，按照图纸所示或工程师指示捆绑着钢筋嵌入路堤。 Crushed stones of 10-40 mm size, 100 mm thick shall be laid and compacted within the reinforced p
177、recast concrete grids. All crushed stones shall be hard, tough, frost-resistant and shall have Abrasion value under ST RK 1213-2003 not less than 30 and frost resistance ST RK 1284-2004 not more than 10% (F25). 应铺设 10-40 毫米大小的碎石，并在钢筋预制混凝土栅格内压实。所有碎石应是硬质、坚硬、耐寒性，且按 ST RK1213-2003 磨耗值不少于 30，且 ST RK 1284-2004 耐寒性不超过10%（F25）。 Concrete shall be of Class B20 and shall comply with the requirements of Section 900 of this Specification. Steel/reinforcement shall meet the requirements of Section 900 as detailed in the drawings. 混凝土应是 B20 级，并依照本规范第 900 章的要求。钢筋按照图纸的详细资料应满足第 900章的要求。
