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1、-不锈钢部件的化学钝化处理的标准技术规范(中英文对照1. Scope1.范围1.1 This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments forstainless steel parts. It includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, cleaning, andpassivation of stainless steel parts. It includes several alternative tests
2、, with acceptance criteria,for confirmation of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts.1.1本技术规范适用于几种不同类型不锈钢部件的化学钝化处理。本技术规范包括:不锈钢部件除垢、清洁、钝化的建议和防护;本技术规范包括了几种可供选择的有验收标准的不锈钢部件处理效果确认的检测。1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of stainless steel surfaces arediscussed mo
3、re thoroughly in Practice A 380.1.2 不锈钢表面物理和化学处理的作业在作业A380里有更详尽的论述。1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for passivation of stainless steelparts. Appendix X1 gives some nonmandatory information and provides some general guidelinesregarding the selection of passivation treatment app
4、ropriate to particular grades of stainless steel.It makes no recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treatment, or acceptancecriteria for any particular application or class of applications.1.3几种可供选择的不锈钢部件化学钝化处理在此有详细规定。附录X1提供了一些适用于特殊等级不锈钢钝化处理选择的非强制性的技术资料并提供了总的指导方针。关于特殊的应用或应用种类的等级、处理和
5、验收标准的适宜性,它没有作出建议。-1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the effectiveness of passivation,particularly with regard to the removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These testsinclude the following practices:1.4本技术规范之中的检测意在证实钝化的效果,尤其是关于游离铁和其它外生物质(杂质的去除问题。这些检测包括下列的作业:1.4.1
6、Practice AWater Immersion Test,1.4.2 Practice BHigh Humidity Test,1.4.3 Practice CSalt Spray Test,1.4.4 Practice DCopper Sulfate Test,1.4.5 Practice EPotassium FerricyanideNitric Acid Test, and1.4.6 Practice FFree Iron Test.1.4.1 作业A水浸检测1.4.2 作业B高湿检测1.4.3 作业C盐雾检测1.4.4 作业D硫酸铜检测1.4.5 作业E铁氰化钾-硝酸检测1.4.6
7、 作业F游离铁检测1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI unitsgiven in parentheses are for information only.-1.5以用磅/寸单位表示的数值作为标准,在括号内给出的国际单位制的单位仅供参考。1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections14 through 18 of this sp
8、ecification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.6下列预防性的
9、告诫仅属于检测方法部分,本技术规范的第14节至18节:如有安全问题,此标准不意在处理所有涉及到使用的安全问题。使用前,确立适当的安全措施、卫生的作业和确定管理限制的适用性责任在于标准的使用者。2. Referenced Documents2. 参考的文献2.1 ASTM Standards: 22.1 ASTM(美国材料实验协会标准:A 380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Depassivation of Stainless Steel Parts,Equipment, and Systems.A380 不锈钢部件、设备和系统的清洗、除垢、钝化的
10、作业。B 117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog ApparatusB117 操作喷盐(雾设备的作业B 254 Practice for Preparation of and Electroplating on Stainless Steel-B254 电镀不锈钢的准备作业和电镀不锈钢的作业。2.2 Federal Specification:32.2 联邦的技术规范QQ-P-35C Passivation Treatments for Corrosion-Resistant SteelsQQ-P-35-C抗蚀钢(不锈钢钝化处理3. Termino
11、logy3. 术语3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This StandardIt is necessary to define which of theseveral commonly used definitions of the term passivation will be used in this specification. (SeeDiscussion.3.1 本标准的术语定义在本技术规范将经常使用到的几个术语“钝化”的定义有必要作出规定。(见论述3.1.1 DiscussionStainless steels are autopassiva
12、ting in the sense that the protectivepassive film is formed spontaneously on exposure to air or moisture. The presence of exogenoussurface contamination, including dirt, grease, free iron from contact with steel tooling, and soforth, may interfere with the formation of the passive film. The cleaning
13、 of these contaminantsfrom the stainless steel surface will facilitate the spontaneous passivation by allowing the oxygenuniform access to the surface. The passive film may be augmented by chemical treatments thatprovide an oxidizing environment for the stainless steel surface.3.1.1 论述在某种意义上说,在暴露到空气
14、和湿气的情况下,保护性的钝化膜自动生成是不锈钢在自动钝化。外生的表面污染,包括:尘土、油脂、来自钢铁加工的游离铁等等,可以影响到钝化膜-的生成。通过允许氧气均衡地接触到不锈钢表面,不锈钢表面污染的清洗将会有助于自动钝化。通过为不锈钢表面提供一个氧化环境的化学处理,钝化膜可以得到增强。3.1.1.1 In this specification, passivation, unless otherwise specified, is defined as thechemical treatment of a stainless steel with a mild oxidant, such as
15、a nitric acid solution, for thepurpose of the removal of free iron or other foreign matter, but which is generally not effective inremoval of heat tint or oxide scale on stainless steel. In the case of stainless steels with additionsof sulfur for the purpose of improved machinability, passivation ma
16、y also include the removal ofsulfides from the surface of the metal for the purpose of maximizing corrosion resistance.3.1.1.1在本技术规范中,除非另有规定,“钝化”被定义为:为了消除游离铁和其它杂质,用温和的氧化剂对不锈钢进行化学处理,例如硝酸溶液,但是“钝化”对于消除不锈钢回火颜色和氧化膜(皮通常是无效的。为了增强良好的切削加工性的情况下,对于带有硫磺的不锈钢,为了令抗腐性最优化,钝化也可包括金属表面硫化物的去除作业。3.1.1.2 The formation of
17、the protective passive film on a stainless steel, also calledpassivation in a more general context, will occurspontaneously in air or other oxygencontaining environment when the stainless steel surfaceis free of oxide scale and exogenous matter.3.1.1.2不锈钢保护性钝化膜的生成,在更通常的情况下叫作“钝化”,当不锈钢表面无氧化膜和外生物质(杂质时,
18、它在空气中或者其它含氧环境下会自然发生。3.1.1.3 Chemical treatments, such as sodium dichromate solutions, may facilitate the morerapid formation of the passive film on a stainless steel surface already free of scale or foreignmatter. Such treatments, also sometimes called passivation in common usage, are designated asp
19、ost-cleaning treatments in this specification in order to distinguish them from chemicaltreatments capable of removing free iron from stainless steels.-3.1.1.3化学处理,例如重铬酸钠溶液,可以促进无氧化膜和杂质不锈钢表面的钝化膜更快速度的生成。在通常使用时,这样一种处理,有时称为“钝化”,为了区分这种处理和能清除不锈钢游离铁的化学处理,在本技术规范中被称作“后清洗处理”。3.1.1.4 The chemical treatments ca
20、pable of removing heat tint or oxide scale from stainlesssteel and capable of dissolving the stainless steel itself, typically called pickling, are substantiallymore aggressive than treatments used for passivation, as defined in 3.1.1.1. The surface ofstainless steel that has been pickled is free of
21、 scale, free iron, and exogenous foreign matter, anddoes not require a separate treatment for passivation as defined in 3.1.1.1. The passivationprocess defined in 3.1.1.2 will occur without further chemical treatment but may be augmentedand improved by the post-cleaning treatments defined in 3.1.1.3
22、.3.1.1.4能清除不锈钢回火颜色和氧化膜并能溶解不锈钢自身的化学处理,通常地叫作“浸酸”,实质上它比用作钝化的处理更具侵蚀性(正如3.1.1.1说明一样。已浸酸的不锈钢表面无氧化膜、游离铁和外生杂质,不需要另外的钝化处理(正如3.1.1.1说明一样。在没有进一步的化学处理情况下,钝化过程(在3.1.1.1说明将会出现,但钝化作用将会被“后清洗处理”(在3.1.1.3说明提高增强。3.1.1.5 Electrochemical treatments, including electropickling and electropolishing capableof removing heat
23、tint or oxide scale from stainless steel and capable of dissolving the stainlesssteel itself, aresubstantially more aggressive than treatments used for passivation, as defined in 3.1.1.1.The surface of stainless steel resulting from these treatments is free of scale, free iron, andexogenous foreign
24、matter, and does not require a separate treatment for passivation as defined in3.1.1.1. The passivation process defined in 3.1.1.2 will occur without further chemical treatment,but may be augmented and improved by the post-cleaning treatments defined in 3.1.1.3.Statements regarding chemical treatmen
25、ts, unless otherwise specified, are taken to include-electrochemical treatments. 3.1.1.5 电化学处理，包括能去除不锈钢回火颜色和氧化膜并能溶解不锈钢自身的电凿和电磨，实质上比钝化处理（在 3.1.1.1 说明）更具侵蚀性的。由这些处理产生的不锈钢表面没有氧化膜、游离铁和外生杂质，也不需另外钝化处理 （正如3.1.1.1 说明）。钝化过程（在 3.1.1.2 说明）在没有进一步的化学处理情况下也会发生，但钝化作用将会被“后清洗处理”（在 3.1.1.3 说明）提高增强。除了另有规定，有关化学处理的陈述包括电化
26、学处理。 4. Ordering Information订购须知（订货办法） 4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify a test practiceappropriate to any particular material and application. This specification was written for thepurpose of providing an alternative to United States Federal Specification QQ-P-35C.Determinati
27、on of the suitability of this specification for that purpose is the responsibility of thepurchaser. 4.1 适于特殊材料和应用的检测作业的指定责任在于买方。本技术规范是为了给美国联邦技术规范QQ-P-35C 提供一种可供选择的技术规范而制定。本技术规范适宜性的确定责任在于买方。 4.2 Unless specified by the purchaser, the chemicaltreatment applied to the stainless steel parts shall be selected by the seller from among the listedpassivation treatments. 4.2 除非买方指定，应用到不锈钢部件的化学处理应由卖方从列出的钝化处 理中选定。-
