大学精品课程-全新版大学英语综合教程2配套课件U1

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1、BR-mainBefore Reading1. English Song - Teach Your Children IntroductoryRemarksTeach Your ChildrenQuestionsandAnswersCrosby,StillsandNash2. About EducationASurveyAPracticalExperimentEducationintheWest3. Warm-up QuestionsBR1.1Introductory Remarks“Waysoflearning”isthetopicofthisunit.Itisalsothetopicoft

2、hesongyouareabouttolistento,calledTeach Your ChildrensungbyCrosby,StillsandNash.IIBR1.2.1Teach Your ChildrenListentothesongandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.You,whoare,Mustthatyoucanliveby.Andso,becomeyourself,Because-isjustagoodbye.Teachyourchildrenwell,Theirfathershelldidslowlygoby.Andfeedthem,The

3、onetheypicks,theoneyoullknowby.Dontyoueveraskthemwhy,iftheytoldyou,youwillcry,Sojustlookatthemandsighandknowtheyloveyou.ontheroad_haveacode_thepast_onyourdreams_IIBR1.2.2Teach Your ChildrenListentothesongandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.Andyou,oftenderyears,Cantthatyoureldersgrewby.Andsopleasehelpt

4、hemwithyouryouth,Theybeforetheycandie.Teachyourparentswell,Theirchildrenshellwillslowlygoby.Andfeedthem,Theonetheypicks,theoneyoullknowby.Dontyoueveraskthemwhy,iftheytoldyou,youwillcry,Sojustlookatthemandsighandknowtheyloveyou.knowthefears_seekthetruth_onyourdreams_BR1.3Questions and Answers1.Whatis

5、acodethatyoucanliveby?Asetofrulestoguideyouontheroadoflife.2.Isthesongonlyabouthowparentsshouldteachtheirchildren?No.Thefirstpartofthesongisabouthowparentscanteach their children through sharing with them theirdreams. And in the second part, we are told thatchildrenalsohavesomethingtoteachtheirparen

6、ts - help them with your youth.3.Doyouknowanythingaboutthesingers?BR1.4.1Crosby, Stills and NashBR1.4.2ThemusicalpartnershipofDavidCrosby(b.Aug.14,1941),StephenStills(b.Jan.3,1945),andGrahamNash(b.Feb. 2, 1942), was not only one of the most successfultouring and recording acts of the late 1960s, 197

7、0s, andearly 1980s - with the colorful, contrasting nature of thememberscharactersandtheirconnectiontothepoliticalandculturalupheavals(动荡，剧变)ofthetime-itwastheonlyAmerican-basedbandtoapproachtheoverallsocietal(社会的)impactoftheBeatles.Theresultingtrio(三人组)wascharacterized by a unique vocal blend and a

8、 musicalapproachthatrangedfromfolktopoptohardrock.CSNs(initialsofCrosby,StillsandNash)debutalbum(首张唱片),releasedin1969,wasperfectlyintune(合拍)withthetimes,andthegroupwasaninstanthit.IIBR1.4.3.1Song-list :TeachYourChildrenSouthernmanOhioWoodstockBR1.4.3.2Song-list :TeachYourChildrenSouthernmanOhioWoods

9、tockIIBR1.4.3.3Song-list :TeachYourChildrenSouthernmanOhioWoodstockIIBR1.4.3.4Song-list :TeachYourChildrenSouthernmanOhioWoodstockIIBR1.4.3.5Song-list :TeachYourChildrenSouthernmanOhioWoodstockIIBR2.1A SurveyPlayisthebestwaytolearn.Children develop life skills best through formalprograms.Children ar

10、e naturally curious, inspired, motivatedlearners,butenjoymentoflearningcangetlostinthepressureto“succeed”informaleducation.Parents are the most important instructors to thechildren, so they should give as much guidance aspossible.1.2.3.4.Doyouagreewiththefollowingstatements?BR2.2.1Angelaisgivenahula

11、hoopwithinstructionsonhowtouseit.Jonathanisgivenahulahoopbutnoinstructions.Whatkindofoutcomesdoyouexpect?A Practical ExperimentTwochildrenaregivenhulahoops,atoytheyareunfamiliarwith.BR2.2.2Angelalearnstokeepthehulahoopinmotionbymovingherbodyincertainways.Jonathanexploresthehoopanddiscoversitsbigenou

12、ghtostep through. He then balances the hoop between twoobjectsandpracticeskickingaballthroughthehoop.Howdoyoucommentonthesetwooutcomes?A Practical ExperimentTwochildrenaregivenhulahoops,atoytheyareunfamiliarwith.BR2.2.3Bothoutcomesaregood.Angelalearnsausefulplayskill.Jonathanuseshishoopinadifferent,

13、butequallyplayfulway.Whichonedoyouthinkisbetterindevelopingthechildrenscreativity?A Practical ExperimentTwochildrenaregivenhulahoops,atoytheyareunfamiliarwith.BR2.2.4Angela,becauseshefollowedthedirectionsgiven,willhaveaskillshecanuseanytimeshewantstomoveherbodyinthatspecificway. The outcome is limit

14、ed to having followed directions andmasteredaparticularskill.Jonathan,ontheotherhand,hadtheexperienceofexploringanddiscovering an item he was unfamiliar with. He used what helearnedaboutthiscircular-shapedobjecttosolveaproblemofhisownandincorporated(结合)thehulahoopasaninnovativesolutiontohelphimdosom

15、ethingthathewantedtodo-kickaballthroughatarget.Jonathanlearnedhecouldusehisownobservationandexplorationtolearnaboutnewobjects.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthisexperiment?A Practical ExperimentTwochildrenaregivenhulahoops,atoytheyareunfamiliarwith.BR2.3.1Education in the WestMuchofthecurrentdebateover

16、educationsurroundstheextenttowhichlearningshouldbeteacher-basedorstudent-based.Whichofthetwoshoulddecidewhatshouldbelearned,howitshouldbelearned,andwhenitshouldbelearned?ComparingWesternandAsianmethodsoflearningitisgenerallytruethatWesternmethodsaremorestudent-centered,expectingstudentstodiscoverthi

17、ngsforthemselvesratherthanrelyingontheirteacherstotellthem.Anextremeversionofthestudent-centeredapproachcanbeseenatSummerhill,aschoolinEnglandestablishedbytheeducationalistA.S.Neill.TherechildrenhavecompletefreedomtodecidewhattheyaregoingtolearnandwhichIIBR2.3.2Education in the Westlessonstheywillat

18、tend.Iftheywishtheyneednotattendany at all. Mainstream education in England is far morestrict,demandingthatchildrenattendlessonsandfollowanationalcurriculum.Thiscurriculumandtheimportanceofachieving good exam results tend to reinforce a moreteacher-centeredapproach,asbothteachersandstudentsfind the

19、pressure of time leaves less opportunity for anexploratoryapproachtolearning.BR3Warm-up QuestionsIfyoufindatwo-year-oldboyistryingtoputakeyintoabox,willyouhelphimimmediately?Canyourecallhowyourparentstaughtyouinyourchildhood? Did they like to teach you by holdingyourhand?Whichwaydidyoupreferwhenyouw

20、ereintroublewithoneofyourtoysinyourchildhood,turningtoyourparentsforhelp,orexploringbyyourselves?1.2.3.GR-mainGlobal Reading1. Scanning2. Part Division of the TextForPart1QuestionsandAnswersForPart2QuestionsandAnswersForPart3MultipleChoice3. Further UnderstandingGR-Scanning1ScanningScanTextAanddecid

21、ewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1.Benjaminwasworriedthathecouldntputthekeyintothebox.2.IntheChinesestaffsopinion,theparentsshouldguideBenjamintoinsertthekey.3.TheauthorandhiswifedidntcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Benjaminwasnotbotheredatall.()()T()FTGR-Scannin

22、g24.FortheWesterners,learningshouldtakeplacebycontinualcarefulshapingandmolding.5.Chineseteachersholdtheopinionthatskillsshouldbeacquiredasearlyaspossible,whileAmericaneducatorsthinkthatcreativityshouldbeacquiredearly.aTheChinesethinkthatlearningshouldtakeplacebycontinualcarefulshapingandmolding.a()

23、F()TGR-textPart Division of the TextParts LinesMainIdeas123132339798102Ananecdote:theChinesestaffhelpedBenjamintoplacethekey.TheauthorsthoughtsaboutdifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandtheWest.Intheformofaquestion,theauthorgivesasuggestionofamorerationalapproachtofosteringcreativityandbasicskills.

24、GR-Part1-Q1Questions and Answers1.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinTextA?Inthistext,theauthorintroducesthetopicbythekey-slotanecdote(轶事).1.Statingthetopicdirectly.2.Posingaquestion.3.Quotingafamoussaying.4.Relatingananecdoteoranincident.Thereareseveralwaystointroduceatheme.GR-Part1-Q22.Sumupthebet

25、weentheattitudeofthecoupleandthatofthehotelstafftowardBenjaminseffortsininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Contrastandcomparison:Acontrastbringsoutthedifferencesbetweentwoormorethingsofthesamekind,whileacomparisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthem.1)Thecouple:lethimexploreandenjoyhimself.2)Thehotelstaff:heldhishand

26、andtaughthimhowtoinsertthekeycorrectly.contrastGR-Part2-1Questions and Answers1.ReadthefirstsentenceofbothPara6andPara7,anddecidewhatisusedhere.methodofcomparisonandcontrastOne-side-at-a-timemethod.Comparisonandcontrastcanbeorganizedintwomajorways:1.One-side-at-a-timemethod:examineonesubjectthorough

27、lyandthenstarttheother. 2.Point-by-pointmethod:examinetwosubjectsatthesametime,discussingthempointbypoint.GR-Part2-22.SumupthecontrastbetweenChineseandWesternwaystolearntofulfillatask.3.ReadfromPara11toPara13.Whichmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere?TheChinese:showachildhowtodosomething,orteachb

28、yholdinghishand.TheWesterners:teachachildtorelyonhimselfforsolutionstoproblems.Point-by-pointmethod.GR-Part2-34.Thefollowingaretwotypesofattitudestowardcreativityandbasicskills.WhichonebelongstotheChineseandwhichonebelongstotheWesterners?A)Givingprioritytodevelopingskillsatanearlyage,believingthatcr

29、eativitycanbepromotedovertime.B)Puttingmoreemphasisonfosteringcreativityinyoungchildren,thinkingthatskillscanbepickeduplater.TheWesterners.TheChinese.GR-Part3-MMultiple ChoiceTherearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolut

30、ion.C)Quotingfromsomebookorperson.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.GR-Part3-M-aMultiple ChoiceATherearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebookorperson.D)Predic

31、tingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.GR-Part3-M-bMultiple ChoiceBTherearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebookorperson.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestion

32、intheformofaquestion.GR-Part3-M-cMultiple ChoiceCTherearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebookorperson.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.GR-Part3-M-dMultiple

33、ChoiceDTherearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebookorperson.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.GR-Part3-M-eMultiple ChoiceETherearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.H

34、owdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebookorperson.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.Article1LEARNING, CHINESE-STYLEForamonthinthespringof1987,mywifeEllenandIlivedinthebustlingeasternChinese

35、cityofNanjingwithour18-month-oldsonBenjaminwhilestudyingartseducationinChinesekindergartensandelementaryschools. But one of the most tellinglessons Ellen and I got in thedifferencebetweenChineseandAmerican ideas of education camenotintheclassroombutinthelobbyoftheJinlingHotelwherewestayedinNanjing.A

36、rticle2_SThekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblock with the room number on it. When leaving thehotel,aguestwasencouragedtoturninthekey,eitherbyhandingittoanattendantorbydroppingitthroughaslotintoabox.Becausethekeyslotwasnarrow,thekeyhadtobepositionedcarefullytofitintoit.Benjaminlovedtocarrythek

37、eyaround,shakingitvigorously.Healsolikedtotrytoplaceitintotheslot.Becauseofhistenderage and incomplete understanding of theneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditsw

38、ayintotheslot.Article3NowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.Hisexploratorybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.Heorshewouldho

39、ldontoBenjaminshandand,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and help him to insert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown slightly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.Art

40、icle4_SIsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducator

41、s. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesired

42、actiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?Article5_SHemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbehappy,hewilllearnhowtoaccomplishthetasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-botho

43、fwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwastha

44、t,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.Article6_SSuchself-relianceisaprincipalvalueofchild rearing in middle-class America. Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething-whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed-heislesslikelyto

45、figureouthimself how to accomplish such a task. And, moregenerally,heislesslikelytoviewlife-asAmericansdo-asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkfor oneself,to solve problemsononesown andeven to discover new problems for which creativesolutionsarewanted.Article7 TEACHING BY HOLDING HIS HAND

46、Inretrospect,itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwas indeedkey - andkey in more thanonesense.Itpointed to important differences in the educational andartisticpracticesinourtwocountries.When our well-intentioned Chinese observers cametoBenjaminsrescue,theydidnotsimplypushhishanddown clumsily or uncertai

47、nly, as I might have done.Instead, they guided him with extreme facility andgentlenessinpreciselythedesireddirection.Icametorealize that these Chinese were not just molding andshaping Benjamins performance in any old manner: InthebestChinesetradition,theywereba zhe shou jiao“teachingbyholdinghishand

48、”-somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore.Article8The idea that learning should takeplace by continual careful shaping andmolding applies equally to the arts.Watchingchildrenatworkinaclassroomsetting, we were astonished by theirfacility.Childrenasyoungas5or6werepainting flowers, fish and animals w

49、ith the skill andconfidenceofanadult;calligraphers9and10yearsoldwereproducingworksthatcouldhavebeendisplayedinamuseum.Inavisittothehomesoftwooftheyoungartists,welearnedfromtheirparentsthattheyworkedonperfectingtheircraftforseveralhoursaday.Article9_S CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativityt

50、hereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we valu

51、e originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.Article10Americaneducator

52、sfearthatunlesscreativityhasbeenacquiredearly,itmayneveremerge;ontheotherhand,skillscanbepickeduplater.However,Idonotwanttooverstatemycase.ThereisenormouscreativitytobefoundinChinesescientific,technologicalandartisticinnovationspastandpresent.And there is a danger of exaggerating creativebreakthroug

53、hs in the West. When any innovation isexaminedclosely,itsrelianceonpreviousachievementsisalltooapparent(the“Standingontheshouldersofgiants”phenomenon).Article11_SButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquestionbecomes

54、this:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?Article2_S_Popwin_Because of hisThekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblock with the room number on it. When leaving thehotel,aguestwase

55、ncouragedtoturninthekey,eitherbyhandingittoanattendantorbydroppingitthroughaslotintoabox.Becausethekeyslotwasnarrow,thekeyhadtobepositionedcarefullytofitintoit.Benjaminlovedtocarrythekeyaround,shakingitvigorously.Healsolikedtotrytoplaceitintotheslot.Becauseofhistenderage and incomplete understanding

56、 of theneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.Paraphrasethesentence.Because he was so young and didnt quiteknowthatheshouldpositionthekeycarefullyto

57、fitintothenarrowkeyslot,hewouldusuallyfail.Article2_S_Popwin_Benjamin was notThekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblock with the room number on it. When leaving thehotel,aguestwasencouragedtoturninthekey,eitherbyhandingittoanattendantorbydroppingitthroughaslotintoabox.Becausethekeyslotwasnarrow,

58、thekeyhadtobepositionedcarefullytofitintoit.Benjaminlovedtocarrythekeyaround,shakingitvigorously.Healsolikedtotrytoplaceitintotheslot.Becauseofhistenderage and incomplete understanding of theneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureout

59、ofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.1.Paraphrasethesentence.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.Benjaminwasnotbotheredatall.本杰明一点也不在意。本杰明一点也不在意。 Article4_SPopwin_and.Isoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investig

60、ate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attit

61、ude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?Paraphrasethispartofthesentence.Andt

62、ohelpexplainChineseattitudestowardcreativity.Article4_SPopwin_sinceIsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.AndsobeforelongIbegantointr

63、oducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsince

64、thechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?1.Whatdoesthedesiredactionreferto?2.Inyouropinion,whatpossiblegaincanbeachievedbyhavingBenjaminstruggle?Positioningthekeycarefullytofitintotheslot.Article5_SPopwin_He mayHemaywell

65、getfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbehappy,hewilllearnhowtoaccomplishthetasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedto

66、suchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyon

67、eself.1.Paraphrasethesentence.2.Youuse“maywell”whenyouaresayingwhatyouthinkislikelytohappen.Heislikelytogetfrustratedandangry.Article5_SPopwin_He wasHemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbehappy,hewilllearnhowtoaccomplishthetasksooner, and then he c

68、an proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingago

69、odtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.1.Whatdothetwoactivitiesreferto?2.Paraphrase“twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous”.Havingagoodtimeandexploring.Towactivitiesthatwereimportantt

70、ous.Article6_SPopwin_whether itSuchself-relianceisaprincipalvalueofchild rearing in middle-class America. Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething-whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed-heislesslikelytofigureouthimself how to accomplish such a task. And, moregenerall

71、y,heislesslikelytoviewlife-asAmericansdo-asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkfor oneself,to solve problemsononesown andeven to discover new problems for which creativesolutionsarewanted.1.Paraphrasethesentence.2.Analyzethestructureofthesentence.Nomatterwhetheritisplacingakeyinakeyslot,dr

72、awingahenormakingupforsomemistakes.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedhere.Whetherhebepresentorabsent,weshallhavetodoourpart.Article9_SPopwin_young CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymastering

73、thetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsof

74、thefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.1.Whatdoesmaking their boldest departuresmean?2.TranslatethispartintoChinese.Doingsth.differentfromanestablishedruleortradition.西方的年轻人先是大胆创

75、新，然后逐渐深谙传统。 Article11_SPopwin_ButButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquestionbecomesthis:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthe

76、polesofcreativityandbasicskills?Canyouanalyzethestructureofthissentence?assuming+that-clause:假定Youuseassuming thatwhenyouareconsideringapossiblesituationorevent,sothatyoucanthinkabouttheconsequences.Assumingthatweallworkatthesamerate,weshouldbefinishedbyJanuary.Article11_SPopwin_CanButassumingthatth

77、econtrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquestionbecomesthis:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?1.Translatethesent

78、enceintoChinese.2.Doyouthinkthatwecanfindabetterwaytoapproacheducation,whichstrikesabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?我们能否从中美两个极端中寻求一种更好的教育方式，它或许能在创造力与基本技能这两极之间获得某种较好的平衡? Article2_WThekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblock with the room number on it. When leaving thehotel,a

79、guestwasencouragedtoturninthekey,eitherbyhandingittoanattendantorbydroppingitthroughaslotintoabox.Becausethekeyslotwasnarrow,thekeyhadtobepositionedcarefullytofitintoit.Benjaminlovedtocarrythekeyaround,shakingitvigorously.Healsolikedtotrytoplaceitintotheslot.Becauseofhistenderage and incomplete unde

80、rstanding of theneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.Article2_W_Popwin_attachThekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblock with the room number o

81、n it. When leaving thehotel,aguestwasencouragedtoturninthekey,eitherbyhandingittoanattendantorbydroppingitthroughaslotintoabox.Becausethekeyslotwasnarrow,thekeyhadtobepositionedcarefullytofitintoit.Benjaminlovedtocarrythekeyaround,shakingitvigorously.Healsolikedtotrytoplaceitintotheslot.Becauseofhis

82、tenderage and incomplete understanding of theneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.attach:vt.fastenorjoin(onethingtoanother)Sheattachedanantennatot

83、heradio.Atagwasattachedtoeacharticle.Pattern:attachsth.tosth.beattachedtosth.Article3_WNowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.Hisexploratorybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjami

84、nand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.HeorshewouldholdontoBenjaminshandand,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and help him to insert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown sli

85、ghtly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.Article3_WPopwin_initialNowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.Hisexploratorybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjamin

86、and,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.HeorshewouldholdontoBenjaminshandand,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and help him to insert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown slig

87、htly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.initial:adj.oforatthebeginning;first最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。Theinitialtalkswerethebaseofthelateragreement.theinitialletterofaword一个词的首字母 Article3_WPopwin_awaitNowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.Hisexplorato

88、rybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.HeorshewouldholdontoBenjaminshandand,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and help him to i

89、nsert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown slightly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.await:vt.waitforHewasanxiouslyawaitingherreply.他早就期待着这个时刻了。Hehaslongawaitedthismoment.Article3_WPopwin_on occasio

90、nNowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.Hisexploratorybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.HeorshewouldholdontoBenjaminshandan

91、d,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and help him to insert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown slightly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.onoccasion: nowandthenIt

92、has,onoccasion,createdtroubleforthebank.你有时使人们感到诧异。 Youhaveonoccasionsurprisedpeople.CF:onoccasion&ontheoccasionof这两个词组非常相似，但意思不同。onoccasion有时，间或ontheoccasionof在之际ontheoccasionofsb.sweddingArticle3_WPopwin_neglect1NowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.Hisexplora

93、torybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.HeorshewouldholdontoBenjaminshandand,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and help him to

94、 insert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown slightly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.neglect:vt.givetoolittleattentionorcaretoneglectonesmealsandsleep离开时别忘了锁门。Dontneglecttolockthedoorwhenyouleave.

95、CF:neglect,ignore&omit这几个词都有忽略、遗漏之意。neglect指对职责、义务或应做的事没有给予足够的注意。这种忘记可能是有意的，也可能是无意的。例如：Thosewhoneglecttheirdutiesshouldbepunished.玩忽职守者应受惩罚。Whydotheyalwaysneglectthetrafficregulation?他们为什么老是不注意遵守交通规则呢？Article3_WPopwin_neglect2NowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslo

96、t.Hisexploratorybehaviorseemedharmlessenough.ButIsoonobservedaninterestingphenomenon.AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.HeorshewouldholdontoBenjaminshandand,gentlybutfirmly,guideitdirectlytowardtheslot,repositionitasnecessary, and

97、 help him to insert it.The“teacher”wouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatEllenorme,as if awaiting a thank you - and onoccasion would frown slightly, as ifconsidering us to be neglecting ourparentalduties.ignore指疏忽、不顾，强调对某人或某物故意不理会，有时还带有固执地拒绝的意味。例如：WhenIsawTom,Istoppedtogreethim,butheignoredmeandwalkedo

98、n.当我看到汤姆时，我停下来和他打招呼，但他没有理我继续往前走。Theteacherignoredmydifficultquestions.老师对我的难题置之不理。omit指因专注或疏忽而忘记某事，这种失误可能是有意或无意的。该词还可指删除不利或不必要的东西。例如：Sheshouldnotomittovisitthemuseum.她不应忘了去参观博物馆。Thethirdpartofthebookmaybeomitted.该书的第三部分可以删掉。 Article4_WIsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned ta

99、sks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleagu

100、esdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?Article4_W

101、Popwin_relevantIsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChines

102、eeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizet

103、hedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?relevant:adj.directlyconnectedwiththesubjectHiscolorisnotrelevanttowhetherhesagoodlawyer.该证据与此案有关。Theevidenceisrelevanttothecase.Pattern:berelevanttoArticle4_WPopwin_investigate1Isoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoou

104、r assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chi

105、nese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstrugg

106、le?investigate:1.vt. trytofindoutinformationaboutScientistsareinvestigatinghowtheplanecrashoccurred.Ifyouhearsucharumor,investigateitthoroughly.2.vi.makeadetailedinquiryinvestigateintoanaffairinvestigateintoarumorCF:investigate,examine&inspect这几个词都有调查、检查之意。investigate 较正式，指有条不紊地进行调查研究以发现事实真相，更常用于调查案

107、件、情况、背景来历等。例如：Article4_WPopwin_investigate2Isoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdot

108、eintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldeno

109、ughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?Theyinvestigatedthecauseoftheaccident.他们调查了事故的原因。Thepoliceareinvestigatingthemurder.警方正在调查这件谋杀案。examine是普通用语，指仔细地检查某人或物。该词还指官方主持的检查或医生进行的诊察，也表示对某种观点的讨论研究，更指考试。例如：Theyexaminedourpassportsverycarefully.他们

110、仔细检查了我们的护照。Anopticianisqualifiedtoexamineyoureyesandprescribeglasses.眼科医生有资格来检查你的眼睛并给你配眼镜。 Article4_WPopwin_investigate3Isoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChinese

111、attitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which i

112、s the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?inspect 较正式，用得不如examine广泛，指对某人或某物进行检查、查问，带有揭示其差异或缺陷的意思。常指官员们对于下属单位的视察，还指检阅军队。例如：Thefiremenwereinspectingthewarehouseforpotent

113、ialfirehazards.消防人员正在检查仓库以防火灾。 Everylengthofclothisinspectedbeforeitleavesthefactory.出厂之前每寸布匹都检查过。Article4_WPopwin_throw light onIsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlight

114、onChineseattitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot

115、, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,whatpossiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?throwlighton: helpunderstandThesefactsthrownewlightonthematter.这些事实使人进一步了解此事。Article4_WPopwin_exceptionIsoonrealized

116、thatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoour assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways ofearly childhoodeducation(especially in the arts), and tothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity. AndsobeforelongIbegantointroducethekey-slotanecdoteintomydiscussionswithChineseeducators. TWO DIFFERENT WA

117、YS TO LEARNWith a few exceptions my Chinese colleaguesdisplayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.Sinceadultsknowhowtoplacethekeyinthekeyslot, which is the ultimate purpose of approaching theslot,andsincethechildisneitheroldenoughnorcleverenoughtorealizethedesiredactiononhisown,what

118、possiblegainisachievedbyhavinghimstruggle?exception:n. sb./sth.thatacommentorstatementdoesnotapplytoThereisanexceptiontothisgrammaticalrule.这是那项规定的一个明显的例外。 Thisisanapparentexceptiontotherule.Pattern:anexceptiontoCollocation:withmany/fewexceptions有很多/很少例外 withoutexception毫无例外，一律withtheexceptionof除之外

119、makeanexceptionof把作为例外makenoexceptions不容许有例外；一视同仁Article5_WHemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwh

120、ichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,i

121、ntheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.Article5_WPopwin_desirableHemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactiv

122、ities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivi

123、tiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.desirable:adj.worthhavingasbybeinguseful,advantageous,orpleasing;worthachievingMainStreetisaverydesirablelocationforalargedepartmentstore.Itismostdesirablethatheshould

124、attendtheconference.NB:antonym:undesirableArticle5_WPopwin_accomplish1Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthek

125、ey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpoi

126、ntwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.accomplish:vt.managetodo(sth.)Shesaccomplishedagreatdealinthelastfewweeks.这项任务不是在一代人的时间里所能完成的。Thetaskwillnotbeaccomplishedinonegeneration.Collocation:accomplishonesobject/goal达到目的 accomplishonesmission完成使命A

127、rticle5_WPopwin_accomplish2Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)

128、induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachB

129、enjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.CF:accomplish,complete&finish这三个词都含“完成”的意思。accomplish通常接task,aim,journey,voyage等名词，有时兼有取得效果之意。例如：Idontfeelourvisitreallyaccomplishedanything.我不认为我们的访问真正取得了什么结果。complete比accomplish具体，可接建筑、工程、书籍等名词，指按预期目的把未完成的工作经过进一步的努力使之完成，主要涵义是补足缺少的部分。例如：Thebuilding

130、willbecompletedbytheendofthismonth.这座楼于本月底建成。Article5_WPopwin_accomplish3Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingfort

131、hekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecritical

132、pointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.finish在许多情况下可与complete换用, 但不及complete正式，常含有认真仔细地完成工作的最后阶段的精工修饰，使之完美的意思。例如：Finishtheworkoffbeforeyouleaveforyourholiday.你去度假前应先把工作做完。Article5_WPopwin_in due courseHemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlyn

133、otadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympath

134、eticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.induecourse:atthe

135、propertime;eventuallyBepatient.Youllgetyourpromotioninduecourse.Yourbookwillbepublishedinduecourse.Article5_WPopwin_critical1Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to m

136、ore complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexp

137、loring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.critical:adj.1)veryimportantAsecondincomeiscriticaltothefamilyswell-being.接下来的两个礼拜对于公司来说是至关重要的。Thenexttwoweekswillbecriticalforthecompany.Collocation :

138、acriticaldecision重大的决定 acriticalmoment紧要关头，关键时刻 Article5_WPopwin_critical2Hemaywellgetfrustratedandangry-certainlynotadesirableoutcome.Whynotshowhimwhattodo?Hewillbe happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasksooner, and then he can proceed to more complexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingfor

139、thekey-bothofwhichaccomplishmentscan(andshould)induecoursebemodeledforhimaswell.Welistenedtosuchexplanationssympatheticallyandexplainedthat,firstofall,wedidnotmuchcarewhetherBenjaminsucceededininsertingthekeyintotheslot.Hewashavingagoodtimeandwasexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.Butthecritica

140、lpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.critical:adj.2)veryseriousordangerous严重短缺食物acriticalshortageoffoodCollocation:criticalcondition危险状态acriticalillness重病 Article6_WSuchself-relianceisaprincipalvalueofchild rearing in middle-class America.

141、 Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething-whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed-heislesslikelytofigureouthimself how to accomplish such a task. And, moregenerally,heislesslikelytoviewlife-asAmericansdo-asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkfor oneself,to s

142、olve problemsononesown andeven to discover new problems for which creativesolutionsarewanted.Article6_WPopwin_principalSuchself-relianceisaprincipalvalueofchild rearing in middle-class America. Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething-whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforam

143、isdeed-heislesslikelytofigureouthimself how to accomplish such a task. And, moregenerally,heislesslikelytoviewlife-asAmericansdo-asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkfor oneself,to solve problemsononesown andeven to discover new problems for which creativesolutionsarewanted.principaladj.

144、main;chieftheprincipalfoodofthepeopleofIndiatheprincipalriversofEuropeCF:principal&principleprincipal和principle的意思完全不同，但常常被混淆。 principleprincipal仅作名词用，其主要意义指基本的东西或规则和标准。 既是名词又是形容词。作为名词，它一般指居于高位或担任重要角色的人。例如：ameetingamongalltheprincipalsinthetransaction。作为形容词，它有主要的或首要的的意思。Article6_WPopwin_rearSuchself

145、-relianceisaprincipalvalueofchild rearing in middle-class America. Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething-whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed-heislesslikelytofigureouthimself how to accomplish such a task. And, moregenerally,heislesslikelytoviewlife-asAmericansd

146、o-asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkfor oneself,to solve problemsononesown andeven to discover new problems for which creativesolutionsarewanted.rear:1.vt.bringupandeducate;lookafter(animals)rearchildren饲养家禽rearpoultry2.n.backpartThekitchenisintherearofthehouse.停车场在这建筑物的后边。Theparkinglo

147、tisattherearofthebuilding.Article6_WPopwin_make up forSuchself-relianceisaprincipalvalueofchild rearing in middle-class America. Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething-whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed-heislesslikelytofigureouthimself how to accomplish such a

148、task. And, moregenerally,heislesslikelytoviewlife-asAmericansdo-asaseriesofsituationsinwhichonehastolearntothinkfor oneself,to solve problemsononesown andeven to discover new problems for which creativesolutionsarewanted.makeupfor: repaywithsth.good;compensateforIdidnttravelmuchwhenIwasyounger,butIm

149、certainlymakingupforlosttimenow.他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。Theyhurriedontomakeupforlosttime.Article7_W TEACHING BY HOLDING HIS HANDInretrospect,itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwas indeedkey - andkey in more thanonesense.Itpointed to important differences in the educational andartisticpracticesinourtwocountries

150、.When our well-intentioned Chinese observers cametoBenjaminsrescue,theydidnotsimplypushhishanddown clumsily or uncertainly, as I might have done.Instead, they guided him with extreme facility andgentlenessinpreciselythedesireddirection.Icametorealize that these Chinese were not just molding andshapi

151、ng Benjamins performance in any old manner: InthebestChinesetradition,theywereba zhe shou jiao“teachingbyholdinghishand”-somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore.Article7_W_Popwin_in retrospect TEACHING BY HOLDING HIS HANDInretrospect,itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwas indeedkey - andkey in more

152、thanonesense.Itpointed to important differences in the educational andartisticpracticesinourtwocountries.When our well-intentioned Chinese observers cametoBenjaminsrescue,theydidnotsimplypushhishanddown clumsily or uncertainly, as I might have done.Instead, they guided him with extreme facility andg

153、entlenessinpreciselythedesireddirection.Icametorealize that these Chinese were not just molding andshaping Benjamins performance in any old manner: InthebestChinesetradition,theywereba zhe shou jiao“teachingbyholdinghishand”-somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore.inretrospect: onevaluatingthepast

154、;uponreflectionTherearesomethingsthatyouonlybecometotallyconsciousofinretrospect.Inretrospect,whatIhavedoneisclearlyabsurd.Article7_W_Popwin_facility TEACHING BY HOLDING HIS HANDInretrospect,itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwas indeedkey - andkey in more thanonesense.Itpointed to important differenc

155、es in the educational andartisticpracticesinourtwocountries.When our well-intentioned Chinese observers cametoBenjaminsrescue,theydidnotsimplypushhishanddown clumsily or uncertainly, as I might have done.Instead, they guided him with extreme facility andgentlenessinpreciselythedesireddirection.Icame

156、torealize that these Chinese were not just molding andshaping Benjamins performance in any old manner: InthebestChinesetradition,theywereba zhe shou jiao“teachingbyholdinghishand”-somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore.facility:n.1)abilitytodosth.easilyandwellplaythepianowithfacility有学习语言的天赋haveg

157、reatfacilityinlearninglanguages2)(pl.)equipment,aids,etc.whichmakeiteasytodothingssportsfacilitiesTherearefacilitiesforcookinginthekitchen.娱乐设施entertainmentfacilitiesArticle8_WThe idea that learning should takeplace by continual careful shaping andmolding applies equally to the arts.Watchingchildren

158、atworkinaclassroomsetting, we were astonished by theirfacility.Childrenasyoungas5or6werepainting flowers, fish and animals with the skill andconfidenceofanadult;calligraphers9and10yearsoldwereproducingworksthatcouldhavebeendisplayedinamuseum.Inavisittothehomesoftwooftheyoungartists,welearnedfromthei

159、rparentsthattheyworkedonperfectingtheircraftforseveralhoursaday.Article8_W_Popwin_applyThe idea that learning should takeplace by continual careful shaping andmolding applies equally to the arts.Watchingchildrenatworkinaclassroomsetting, we were astonished by theirfacility.Childrenasyoungas5or6werep

160、ainting flowers, fish and animals with the skill andconfidenceofanadult;calligraphers9and10yearsoldwereproducingworksthatcouldhavebeendisplayedinamuseum.Inavisittothehomesoftwooftheyoungartists,welearnedfromtheirparentsthattheyworkedonperfectingtheircraftforseveralhoursaday.apply:vi.1)berelevant;hav

161、eaneffectPattern:applytosb./sth.WhatIhavesaiddoesnotapplytoyou.教授的这条建议只适用于一些大学生。Theadvicegivenbytheprofessoronlyappliestosomeofthecollegestudents.2)writealetterorfillinaforminordertoaskformallyforsth.Pattern:apply(tosb.)forsth.applytodosth.Weappliedtotheauthoritiesforassistance.他决定申请参加学生会。 Hedecided

162、toapplytojointheStudentUnion.Article9_W CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevo

163、lvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacqui

164、red;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.Article9_W_Popwin_priority CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost i

165、nseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearful

166、thatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.priority:n. sth.thatonemustdobeforeanythingelseStudyisnotonhislistofpriorities.道路建设应是予以优先考虑的事。 Roadbuildingisafirstpriority.Article9_W_Popwin_evolve CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudes

167、tocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate

168、 that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.evolve:vi. d

169、evelopgraduallyPattern:evolveinto进化成，发展成，逐步形成evolvefrom/outof由演化而成；从发展而来Theearlyfishhaveevolvedintosome30,000differentspecies.这一简单的计划逐步形成为一项复杂的规划。 Thesimpleplanevolvedintoacomplicatedscheme.Somepeoplebelievethatweevolvedfromtheapes.这整个想法是从信口说出的一句话发展而来的。Thewholeideaevolvedfromacasualremark.Article9_W

170、_Popwin_contrast1 CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyor

171、iginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheother

172、hand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.contrast:1.v. compare(twopeopleorthings)sothatdifferencesaremadeclearPattern:contrastAwith/andBInherspeechshecontrastedthegovernmentsoptimisticpromiseswithitsdismalachievements.我忍不住把她的态度和她朋友的态度作了对比。 Icannothelpcontrastingherattitudewiththatofherfriends.Collo

173、cation: contrastsharply/strikingly形成鲜明的对比 contraststartlingly/strongly形成惊人的/强烈的对比Article9_W_Popwin_contrast2 CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chin

174、ese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chinese

175、teachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.2.n. differencebetweenthingscomparedTheatmosphereoftheSecondWorldWarinLondonwasacompletecontrasttothatoftheFirst.Thereisamarkedcontrastbetweenthegroupsactionsanditspri

176、nciples.Collocation:constitute/formasharpcontrastto与形成鲜明的对照 intensify/sharpenthecontrast加强对比reveal/showacontrast显示出差别Article9_W_Popwin_harbor CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymast

177、eringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseeninte

178、rmsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.harbor: 1.vt. keep(sth.)secretlyinonesmindHemightbeharboringadeathwish.harborthoughtsofrevenge2.n.placeofshelterforshipsThenavyhascons

179、tructedanartificialharbor.Alltheshipsstayedintheharborduringthestorm.Article9_W_Popwin_promote1 CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudestocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being alm

180、ost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefe

181、arfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.promote:vt.helptogrowordevelopneweffortstopromotetheworldpeace促进经济发展promoteeconomicgrowth牛奶增进健康。 Milkpromoteshealth.Article9_W_Popwin_promote2 CREATIVITY FIRST? Intermsofattitudest

182、ocreativitythereseemstobeareversal of priorities: young Westerners making theirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition; and young Chinese being almost inseparablefromthetradition,but,overtime,possiblyevolvingtoapointequallyoriginal.OnewayofsummarizingtheAmericanpositionistostate

183、that we value originality and independence morethan the Chinese do. The contrast between our twoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.CF:promote&fu

184、rther这两个词都可指促使某事物朝着预期的目标发展。promote用于事物发展的各个阶段，包括起始阶段。例如：promotetheunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries促进两国之间的相互了解Theaudiolingualmethodshouldbepromoted.应当推广听说法。further则用于除了起始阶段以外的各个发展阶段。例如： Gettingascholarshipwillfurtherhereducation.获得奖学金可以使她继续深造。Article10_WAmericaneducatorsfearthatunlesscreativityhas

185、beenacquiredearly,itmayneveremerge;ontheotherhand,skillscanbepickeduplater.However,Idonotwanttooverstatemycase.ThereisenormouscreativitytobefoundinChinesescientific,technologicalandartisticinnovationspastandpresent.And there is a danger of exaggerating creativebreakthroughs in the West. When any inn

186、ovation isexaminedclosely,itsrelianceonpreviousachievementsisalltooapparent(the“Standingontheshouldersofgiants”phenomenon).Article10_W_Popwin_emergeAmericaneducatorsfearthatunlesscreativityhasbeenacquiredearly,itmayneveremerge;ontheotherhand,skillscanbepickeduplater.However,Idonotwanttooverstatemyca

187、se.ThereisenormouscreativitytobefoundinChinesescientific,technologicalandartisticinnovationspastandpresent.And there is a danger of exaggerating creativebreakthroughs in the West. When any innovation isexaminedclosely,itsrelianceonpreviousachievementsisalltooapparent(the“Standingontheshouldersofgian

188、ts”phenomenon).emerge:vi. comeoutEventuallythetruthofthematteremerged.Largescaleindustryemergedgraduallyastechnologyevolved.Pattern:emergefrom/outofItemergesthat太阳从云层背后出现。 Thesunemergesfrombehindtheclouds.Newevidenceemergedfromtheinvestigation.Itlateremergedthatthedriverofthecarhadbeendrunk.Article1

189、1_WButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquestionbecomesthis:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskill

190、s?Article11_W_Popwin_validButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquestionbecomesthis:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesof

191、creativityandbasicskills?valid:adj.basedontruthorsoundreasoningThisisavalidargumentagainsteconomicgrowth.Theyhavevalidreasonsforrefusingtodoit.Article11_W_Popwin_worthwhileButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquest

192、ionbecomesthis:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?worthwhile:adj.worthdoing;worththetroubletakenHereissomeworthwhileadvicetoanyyoungbusinessman.这本书值得一读。Itsaworthwhilebook.Article1

193、1_W_Popwin_superiorButassumingthatthecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthatthefosteringofskillsandcreativityarebothworthwhilegoals,theimportantquestionbecomesthis:Canwegather,from theChineseandAmericanextremes, a superior way to approach education,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativ

194、ityandbasicskills?superior:betterthanaverageorthanothersofthesametypePattern: besuperiortobesuperiorin敌军在数量上占优势。Theenemiesweresuperiorinnumbers.这条地毯在质量上远远比那条好。Thiscarpetisfarsuperiortothatoneinquality.After reading-Main6. Proverbs and Quotations 1. Useful Expressions2. Spot Dictation3. Problem Solvi

195、ng4. Discussion5. Comparison and Contrast in WritingDefinitionAnExampleUsefulExpressionsforComparisonandContrastHomeworkAfter ReadingAfter-1.useful-1Useful Expressions 1.被系在被系在上上 beattachedto2.探索行为探索行为3.偶尔偶尔4.父母的责任父母的责任5. 揭示，阐明揭示，阐明exploratorybehavioronoccasionparentaldutiesthrowlightonAfter-1.usefu

196、l-2 6. 最终目的最终目的ultimatepurpose7.要做的动作要做的动作8. 所希望的结果所希望的结果9.关键关键10.育儿观育儿观desiredactiondesirableoutcomecriticalpointvalueofchildrearingUseful ExpressionsAfter-1.useful-311. 弥补某种错误行为弥补某种错误行为makeupforamisdeed12.回想起来回想起来13. 善意的善意的14.前来帮助某人前来帮助某人15. 极其熟练地、温和地极其熟练地、温和地inretrospectwell-intentionedcometosb.s

197、rescuewithextremefacilityandgentlenessUseful ExpressionsAfter-1.useful-416. 适用于适用于applyto17.发展到发展到18. 发展创造力发展创造力19.值得追求的目标值得追求的目标evolvetopromotecreativityworthwhilegoalsUseful ExpressionsAfter-2.spot-1Spot DictationYouprobablythinkyouwillneverbeastudent.Thisisnotnecessarilyso,however.Anyonecanbecome

198、abetterifheorshewantsto.Itistruethatyoumaynotbeabouteverythingthatyoustudy,butbyusingyourtimeproperlyyoumayimproveyourgradeswithoutwork.Hereshow:1.carefully.2.Findagoodplacetostudy.3.beforeyouread.topscholarenthusiasticadditionalPlanyourtimeScanIIAfter-2.spor-24.yourtimeinclass.5.Study.6.Developabou

199、ttests.Thereareotherthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudying.Onlyafewhavebeenmentionedhere.Youwillprobablydiscovermanyothersafteryouhavetriedthese.MakegooduseofregularlyagoodattitudetechniquesSpot DictationAfter-3.ProblemProblem SolvingImagineyourselvestobeslowlearnersandtelltheclasswhatdifficultiesyouhavei

200、nyourEnglishstudy.Therestoftheclassshouldbereadytohelpfindoutyourproblems,offeradviceandhelptoimproveyourstudyhabits.After-4.DiscussionDiscussion1.Whatdoyouthinkismoreimportant,creativityorbasicskills?2.Howdoyoucommentonthelearningmethodsyouusedinhighschool?3.Areyouemployingnewlearningmethodshelpful

201、tothestudyofcollegecourses?Whatarethey?4.Inyouropinion,canwefindabetterwaytoapproacheducation,whichstrikesabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?After-5-DefinitionComparison and Contrast in WritingComparisonandcontrast:Youareaskedtoexplainhowtwoormorethingsarealikeanddifferent.Defin

202、itionComparisonandcontrastcomeinthreedifferentways.Comparison:Youareaskedtoexplainhowtwoormorethingsarealike.1.2. Contrast:Youareaskedtoexplainhowtwoormorethingsaredifferent.3.After-5-an example-1Herearetwodifferentways(T-ChartandVennDiagram)toorganize information. As an example, we will look at the

203、SmilodonandtheCaribou-twoanimalsthatlivedduringtheIceAges.1.TheT-Chart:CharacteristicsSmilodonCaribouenvironmenttheArctictheArcticdietmeatplantsweapons teeth,clawantlers,hoovesteethsharp,pointedblunt,roundedanimalgroupmammalmammalwhenitlivedIceAgesIceAgestopresentAnExampleComparison and Contrast in

204、WritingAfter-5.AnExample-2Questions：1.Compare:Howwerethecaribouandthesmilodonalike?2.Contrast:Howwerethesmilodonandthecariboudifferent?AnExample2.TheVennDiagram:Comparison and Contrast in WritingAfter-5.AnExample-1-keyAnExample2.TheVennDiagram:Comparison and Contrast in WritingThe caribou and the sm

205、ilodon were bothmammals.ThesmilodonlivedintheArcticregionsduringtheIceAges,asdidthecaribou.Likethesmilodon, the caribou was able to protect itselffrompredators.After-5.AnExample-2-keyAnExample2.TheVennDiagram:Comparison and Contrast in WritingAlthoughthecaribouandthesmilodonwerebothmammals,theywerev

206、erydifferentinmanyways.Thecaribouwasaplant-eater, unlike the smilodon, which ate meat. The caribou hadblunt, rounded teeth for eating plants, whereas the smilodonhadsharp,pointedones.ThesmilodonbecameextinctattheendoftheIceAges,incontrasttothecaribou,whichstilllivesintheArcticregionstoday.After-5-us

207、efulComparison and Contrast in WritingUsefulExpressionsforComparisonandContrastComparisonContrastlikeunlikethesameasincontrasttoalikedifferentfromsimilarlesslikewisewhereasand,aswellashoweveralso,toobutjustas,asdo,asdid,asdoesasopposedtobothontheotherhandAfter-5-homework-1Comparison and Contrast in

208、WritingReadthefollowingparagraphsandthinkabouthowfreezingrainandsleetarealikeanddifferentfromeachother.UsetheVennDiagramtocompareandcontrastthem.Whenyouarefinished,writeashortparagraphexplaininghowtheyarealikeanddifferent.WinterPrecipitation:SleetandFreezingRainHomeworkAfter-5-homework-2SleetSleetis

209、thesecondtypeofwinterprecipitation(降雨).Sleetisraindropswhichfreezeintoicepellets(小球)beforehittingtheground.Itusuallybounces(弹起)offthesurfacesthatithitsanddoesnotsticktothings.Itcan,however,accumulatelikesnow.Thiscanbedangerous,especiallytodriversontheroad.Freezing RainFreezingrainisrainwhichfallsont

210、oasurfacewhichhasatemperaturebelowfreezing.Therainthenfreezeswhenithitsthesurface,suchasaroad,becausethetemperatureofthesurface is less than 32 degrees Fahrenheit. This is verydangerousbecausethefreezingrainformsacoatingoficeonthesurfaceithits.Ifthesurfacewerearoadorsidewalk,itcouldcausepeopletravel

211、ingonittosliporhaveanaccident.After-6-proverbs-1Proverbs and Quotations 1.Thereisnoendtolearning.2.Whatislearnedinthecradleiscarriedtothegrave.3.Questioningisthedoorofknowledge. 学无止境。学无止境。摇篮里学到的东西终身受用。摇篮里学到的东西终身受用。 提问为通向知识之门。提问为通向知识之门。After-6-proverbs-24.Nomaneveryetbecamegreatbyimitation.-SamuelJohnson,Britishlexicographerandwriter5IforgetwhatIwastaught,IonlyrememberwhatIhavelearned.-PatrickWhite,Britishnovelist 模仿不成大器。模仿不成大器。 - 英国词典编纂者和作家英国词典编纂者和作家 塞缪尔塞缪尔约翰约翰逊逊我忘了别人教我的东西，我只记得我自己学的东西。我忘了别人教我的东西，我只记得我自己学的东西。- 英国小说家英国小说家 P. 怀特怀特Proverbs and Quotations