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1、 中考专题复习中考专题复习 -阅读与表达阅读与表达R Re ea ad di in ng g & & W Wr ri it ti in ng g阅读中重视英语阅读中重视英语句子句子的表达，培养学生英语思维的表达，培养学生英语思维学生的作文主要有以下几个方面的问题：第一、英语底子太薄。第二、词汇量太小，且对已学词汇记忆不清。第三、表达思想不清楚。表达思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中严重的中文思维和汉化的英语。此外，语言错误的普遍性和严重性十分惊人，比如，主谓不一致，名词单复数不分，动词时态语态滥用，常用词拼写错误比比皆是。这些严重地影响了思想的表达。多数考生在写作上的主要欠缺系统的写作理论和方法
2、，以及最基本的单句写作能力。好多考生写作成绩长期得不到明显提高的主要原因是欠缺写好单句的能力。阅读中注意英汉阅读中注意英汉表达差异表达差异一、首先，英美人的思维方式是直线式，他们在遣词造句谋篇上遵循着从一般（general）到具体（specific），从概括（summarize）到举例（exemplify），从整体（whole）到个体（respective）的原则。先有主题句（main idea sentence），后面再用说明主题。 在单句中也是先中心，将主要思想、结果放在句首。二、英语结构紧凑，语言学家以“竹节句法”来比喻英语句子，即英语句子是由断不可缺的各种连词衔接而成；英语重形和，句子
3、中如果少了连接词所要表达的意思就支离破碎了。三、就是因为英语中各种连接词与替代词的广泛使用，使得英语中出现“多枝共干”式的长句，复合句。四、英语的另一个显著特点是被动句多。五、时态丰富。六、词组或短语丰富多彩，有名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语.怎样才能写好作文呢？阅读阅读优秀范文优秀范文首先要搞好阅读。阅读是写作的基础，首先要搞好阅读。阅读是写作的基础，教科书要读透教科书要读透，因为教，因为教科书中的文章都是一些很好的范文，文笔流畅，语言规范，精科书中的文章都是一些很好的范文，文笔流畅，语言规范，精彩的一些课文段落要背诵。再就是要进行大量课外阅读，并记彩的一些课
4、文段落要背诵。再就是要进行大量课外阅读，并记住一些好文章的篇章结构。住一些好文章的篇章结构。写写阅读阅读笔记笔记其次，在其次，在大量阅读大量阅读的基础上要加强的基础上要加强练词造句练词造句的训练。词句对作的训练。词句对作文相当于造房的材料，无好材料就造不出好房子。平时在学习文相当于造房的材料，无好材料就造不出好房子。平时在学习阅读时要注意收集积累，把好的词语、短语、句型做好笔记。阅读时要注意收集积累，把好的词语、短语、句型做好笔记。平时在练习中的错误也要做好记录，再对照正确句子，使地道平时在练习中的错误也要做好记录，再对照正确句子，使地道的英语句子如同条件反射，落笔就对。的英语句子如同条件反射
5、，落笔就对。用英语用英语写写日记日记经常用英语记日记，等于天天在经常用英语记日记，等于天天在练笔练笔，在记日记时，要有意识，在记日记时，要有意识地用一些好的词组、句型、关联词和复合句等。可按书上题目地用一些好的词组、句型、关联词和复合句等。可按书上题目或所给情景练笔，写好后或所给情景练笔，写好后对照对照书上书上范文范文，找出差距，然后再练，找出差距，然后再练习，这对提高英语作文也很有帮助，在游泳中学会游泳，只有习，这对提高英语作文也很有帮助，在游泳中学会游泳，只有多练习才能练好。多练习才能练好。 记叙文记叙文说明文说明文议论文议论文书信，演讲，发言，留言，招聘书信，演讲，发言，留言，招聘Out
6、line任务型任务型阅读阅读填表格，答问填表格，答问任务型任务型写作写作材材料料作作文文DavesfavoriteNameReasonBandGunsandRosesloud,energeticBooksHarryPotterinteresting,excitingMoviesTitanicromanticDave is a student. He has many interests. He likes to listen to the music. His favorite band is Guns and Roses because he likes music that is loud
7、 and energetic. He cant stand the music that makes him want to sleep. He likes reading books and watching movies. Titanic is his favorite movie. He thinks it is very romantic. He likes books that are interesting and exciting, so he likes reading Harry Potter. Dear Helen, I am writing this letter in
8、order to be your pen pal. I am a girl of the same age with you. And I come from a happy and warm family, which includes my father, my mother, my sister and I. I am studying in a key school far from my hometown, but I never regretted for my own choice, for the life here is very colorful and challengi
9、ng. I am interested in stamp collection and I have colleted more than three thousand stamps. I also like swimming, playing tennis and some other sports. I wish that one day we could be good friends. Yours Wang Lin first of all, to begin with, first, second, third ,next, then, later on, at last, the
10、following day, for example, such as, generally speaking, in my opinion, as for me, I think, I agree in short, in a word, besides, also, whats more, on the other hand, but, yet, though, however, so, therefore, because, for this reason, Keywords It wasnt easy for me to understand The writer found lear
11、ning English difficult because I think doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner.Keywordsandsentencestructures作文提纲和所需词组vAlthough . This shows , it is clear , there are both advantages and disadvantages to doing sth; vThere are many good reasons for we
12、aring a Firstly , Secondly , vHowever , like the idea of doing sth., One reason why . Whats more , tooto . Warm enough v there are advantages and disadvantages to doing sth. In my opinion,.直接引语和间接引语当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。如果引用原话，被引用部分就是直接引语，如果是转述原话，则是间接引语。 Step 2 Step 2 间接引语的构成要素间接引
13、语的构成要素 1 1、不要逗号、冒号、引号。不要逗号、冒号、引号。 2 2、要考虑到人称的变化。、要考虑到人称的变化。 3 3、要考虑到时态的变化。、要考虑到时态的变化。 4 4、要考虑到时间状语、地点状语和指、要考虑到时间状语、地点状语和指 示代词的变化。示代词的变化。 My brother said to me My brother said to me ，“I read the I read the book yesterday. book yesterday. My brother told me he had read the My brother told me he had re
14、ad the book the day before. book the day before. For Example 1 . He said to us, “Are you going away tomorrow?” He asked us if /whether we were going away the next day. (如果原句没有间接宾语，可以加一个宾语如果原句没有间接宾语，可以加一个宾语 him , us,her ,me等）等） 2 .She said，“I miss you very much .” She told us that she missed us very
15、much. 3. “ Who will help me finish the job?” she asked. She asked who would help her finish the job. 4 . “Do you like tea or coffee ?”she asked me. She asked me whether I liked tea or coffee. （直接引语为选择问句，变间接引语应用直接引语为选择问句，变间接引语应用 whether -or - . 5.Isaidtoher,“Pleasegivemeaglassofwater.”Iaskedhertogive
16、meaglassofwater.（引述动词多用引述动词多用ask,tell,order.等。）等。）6.“Whatabraveboyyouare!”shetold.Shetoldhimwhatabraveboyhewas.（引述动词用引述动词用tell,ask,order,say)7.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Theteachersaidthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”（客观真理，时态不作变化。）客观真理，时态不作变化。）掌握英语常用句型掌握英语常用句型初学英语的人常常感
17、到在掌握一初学英语的人常常感到在掌握一些英语单词和基本语法后，在英语说些英语单词和基本语法后，在英语说和写方面还是很难表达自己，笔者认和写方面还是很难表达自己，笔者认为其中一个原因是没有掌握一些英语为其中一个原因是没有掌握一些英语句型，只有掌握了一些句型才能比较句型，只有掌握了一些句型才能比较正确、完整地表达型。正确、完整地表达型。No gain without pains.I cant help / laughing whenever I hear it.排除否定Everyone is ready except you.He did nothing but play.But for your
18、 help, I couldnt do it.加强否定I wont do it at all.I cant see it any more.He is no longer a boy.2.判断句型判断句型1)一般判断句一般判断句ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.Theboyiscalled/namedTom.Weregardeditasanhonor.2)强调判断强调判断Itishewhohelpedmealot.3.祝愿祈使句式祝愿祈使句式1)一般句式一般句式Study hard and keep fit.Be br
19、ave! Dont be shy!Get out of here.2) 委婉祈使句委婉祈使句Please tell me the truth.3)提供建议句提供建议句Would/Will/you go there?Would/Do you mind my smoking?What/How/ about going on foot?4)建议祈使句建议祈使句Letusgo.Letusknowthetime.Dontletthefireout.Letsnotwastethetime.Youdbetterstartearly.Shallwelistentosomemusic?Whydontyouget
20、somethingtodrink?5)祝愿句祝愿句Goodlucktoyou!Wishyouagoodjourney.Ihopethatyouaresuccessful.4.感叹句型感叹句型Howwellhespeaks!Howkindsheis!Whatniceweather(itis)!Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!6.数词句型数词句型1)表数目表数目Itisexactlytenoclock.Itisfivemilesawayfromhere.Heismorethan/over/atleastnotlessthan20.Heisunder/atmost/nom
21、orethan20.2)表年月日表年月日HewasbornonApril221994/in1994onthemorningofOct.1.3)表年龄表年龄Heis20yearsold/yearsofage.Heisattheageof10.5)表计量表计量Itis10meterslong/wide/high.Itcostsme100yuan.Ispent10hoursfinishingit.Ittookme10daystofinishit.Itisworth100yuan.Aten-year-oldboyAboyoftenyearsoldvIs he a basketball player o
22、r a football player?Who is he?Do you like him?Hes from Shanghai, isnt he?Who are they?Who are they?Have you ever heard their songs?Have you ever heard their songs?Are they from Hong Kong or Taiwan?Are they from Hong Kong or Taiwan?They are very famous, arenThey are very famous, arent they?t they?The
23、y arenThey arent very famous, are they?t very famous, are they?She is singingYes, I amYes, She is.In ChinaLi YuchunYoung peopleYes, it isIts made in Germany.By carexpensiveYes, I doYes, I have.In Beijing.In 1420Yes, it is.They are having a sports meeting. Once a yearfasteststampscollecthave v1. The
24、Blacks hope to visit that school again.v2. Tom often swims in this lake in summer.v3. You may keep the book for two weeks.v4. He visited Shanghai with his sisters.v5. Ann didnt go to school yesterday because she was ill.v6. The Whites went there by train.Who hope to visit that school againWhat does
25、Tom often do in summer?How long may I keep the book?Who did he visit Shanghai with?Why didnt Ann go to school yesterday?How did the Whites do there?7. My wife is a doctor.8. There are about 40 students in our class.9. I go to see my grandparents once a month?10. I like the orange dress best.11. Doct
26、or Lee always gets up at six thirty.12. My new dress is light blue.Whose wife is a doctor?How many students are there in your class?How often do you see your grandparents?Which dress do you like best?What tine does Doctor Lee always get up?What colour is your new dress?v13.ItisMarch15thtoday.v14.Its
27、Wednesday.v15.Itswindy.v16.Thebuildingis40metershigh.v17.MysonwasborninParisin1997.v18.Iwillbereadyin10minutes.What is the date today?What day is it today?What is the weather like?How high is the building?When and where was your son born?How soon will you be ready?Make sentences1)study, I, so that,
28、2) with , boy, glasses When I was a little girl, I used to be outgoing and lovely. Also, I used to be very happy, Do you think so?When I was in the kindergarten, I was taller than before, but I was still shy.I used to like to listen to pop music. I used to like to play some games that were very exci
29、ting. And I really wanted to be a pathfinder at that time.When I was in the primary school, I used to have long hair,I used to be a little childish and I used to be afraid of speaking in front of a lot of people. Also I used to be afraid of the dark and high places.Now I have short hair and I am mor
30、e outgoing than before. And I dont want to be a pathfinder anymore, and I want to be a translator or a computer programmer.Also I am afraid of being alone, because I dont like being lonely.Everyone expects a bright future, and so do I. Although I know its not easy, I believe myself.Also I must set s
31、ome aims, right?阅读阅读头脑风暴头脑风暴开放写作开放写作Hello, everybody,my name is Kanny. See, Im a cat, but not a common cat. Now ,let me tell you something about my childhood.I used to be a lovely kittenI used to be very smallI used to have brown soft hairI used to have little red noseEveryone used to like mecause I
32、 used to be clever and littleMy dad wasnt a good fatherBecause he used to drink a lotI dont like a drunk father So I left him foreverBut I used to be luckyBecause I have a good brotherWe used to run in the field under the lightWe used to play like two little knights We used to have happy time allHowever , he now becomes a round ball .So hes unhappy.But we must say,”they all has passed.”Im still a happy cat! 周记 摘抄 资源渠道多方面 增加阅读量 手抄报 每天一个词汇或句子的积累. e.g. It is never too old to learn. I enjoy making mistakes 深入挖掘 3a内容 3a仿写 口头作文
