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1、语态：表示语态：表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语有英语有两种语态两种语态，即，即主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。Many students study English.English is studied by many students. 语态语态(主动语态主动语态)(被动语态被动语态)be + done被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: :随着人称和时态的变化而变化随着人称和时态的变化而变化表格：被动态基本结构时态时
2、态主动语态结构主动语态结构被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时do/does一般过去时一般过去时did含情态动词含情态动词情态动词情态动词do一般将来时一般将来时will dobe going to do现在完成时现在完成时have/has done现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are doingam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewill/be going to be donecan/may/must/ should+ be donehave/has been done常见时态的被动语态常见时态的被动语态 注意：注意： 重庆
3、中考考试说明重庆中考考试说明 明明确要求，一般现在时态、一般过确要求，一般现在时态、一般过去时态和一般将来时态的被动语态为必考内容。去时态和一般将来时态的被动语态为必考内容。1. 找宾语找宾语 -即动作的承受即动作的承受者者They make shoes in that factory. Shoes2. 判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数 -即确定即确定be动词的单复数动词的单复数are3. 判断动词的时态判断动词的时态 -即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的形式修改谓语的形式 -即原句动词改为过去分即原句动词改为过去分词词 5. 修改原句的主语修改原句的主语 -即即by+ 宾语（原主
4、语）宾语（原主语）. by them主动语态变被动语态的步骤主动语态变被动语态的步骤madein that factory.1.Tom plays football on Sunday. (变为被动语态变为被动语态)2. They planted many trees last year. 2. They planted many trees last year. (变为被动语态变为被动语态)3. We will hold a sports meeting next month.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)4. 4. Lucy can good take care of the baby. (
5、变为被动语态变为被动语态)5.The car was invented(发明发明) in 1885.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)Football is played (by Tom) on Sunday.The baby can be taken good care of (by Lucy).Many trees were planted (by them) last year.A sports meeting will be held (by us) next month.When was the car invented ? 按要求完成句子按要求完成句子Who is he?He is
6、Edison.What does he do?He is a great inventor.light bulbWho invented the light bulb?Edison invented the light bulb.The light bulb is one of Edisons most important inventions.inventinvention inventor发明、创造（发明、创造（v.动词）动词）发明（发明（n.名词）名词）发明家（发明家（n.名词）名词）carTVtelephonepersonal computercalculatorModern (现代的
7、现代的) inventionscameraLook at the things. In what order (顺序顺序)do you think they were invented?1acalculator The calculator was invented before the computer.=The computer was invented after the calculator.Which was invented first? The TV was invented before the calculator.=The calculator was invented a
8、fter the TV.Which was invented first?The car was invented before the TV.=The TV was invented after the car.Which was invented first?The telephone was invented before the car.=The car was invented after the telephone.Which was invented first?13425Answer : the right order they were inventedListen and
9、match the Listen and match the inventions with the dates.inventions with the dates.abedc1876_1885_1927_1971_1976_dabec1bThe TV was invented in 1927. (对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)When was the TV invented?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+一般疑问句一般疑问句A: A: When When waswas the _ the _ inventedinvented? ?B: I think it B: I think it was inv
10、entedwas invented in in _._.19761885187619271971Edison invented the light bulb.（对划划线部分提部分提问）Who invented the light bulb?The light bulb was invented by Edison. Who was the light bulb invented by?主动语态主动语态: did被动语态：被动语态：be + done（对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问）papermaking(造纸术造纸术)Who was the papermaking invented by?I
11、t It was inventedwas invented by by CailunCailun. .It It was inventedwas invented by by BellBell. .Who was the telephone invented by?BellIt was invented by Karl Benz.Who was the car invented by?Karl BenzA: What is the car used for?B: The car is used for . (drive and travel)be used for doing sth.=be
12、used to do sth 被用来做被用来做 如：钢笔是用来写字的。如：钢笔是用来写字的。Pens are used for writing.=Pens are used to write.driving and travelingA:A: What is the telephone used for?What is the telephone used for?B: I think itB: I think it is used foris used for _ _ . .(talk with people)(talk with people)talking with peopleA: W
13、hat is the calculator used for?B: I think it is used for _ . (count 计算计算)countingA: What is the camera used for?B: I think it is used for . (take photos)taking photosA: What is the bicycle used for?B: I think it is used for _ . (ride) ridingA: When was invented?B: It was invented inA: Who was it inv
14、ented by?B: It was invented byA: What is the used for?B: It is used for doing in 1876Belltalk to peoplein 1879, Edison, give lightin 1885, Karl Benz, drivecarlight bulbtelephoneWhen was the car invented?It was invented in 1885.Who were light bulbs invented by?They were invented by Edison.What are th
15、ey used for?They are used for giving light.Target language被动语态的被动语态的构成构成:be+ (及物动词的及物动词的) 过去分词过去分词 一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时was /were+ doneam /is/are + done一般将来时一般将来时will + be + done被用来做被用来做 过去常常做过去常常做习惯做习惯做 be used for doing sth.=be used to do sth used to do sth. be/get used to doing sth.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适
16、当形式填空。根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. A glass is used for _(drink) water. 2. A glass is used (drink) water. 3. He used (run) in the morning. 4. He is used to (run) in the morning. 5.This kind of bicycle was (invent) by a middle school student. 6.Edison is a great . What do you think of his (invent)? 7. The
17、 cars _ (make) in Shanghai in 2012. 8. We _(tell) not to play computer games on weekdays. 9. English (speak) all over the world. 10. A new library (build) at our school next year.drinkingto drinkto runrunninginventedinventionswere madeare toldis spokeninventorwill be build完成句子。完成句子。1. Edison invente
18、d the light bulb.(变成被动语态变成被动语态)The light bulb Edison.2. They were invented in 1989.（对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问） they ?3.Gun powder was invented by Chinese people.（对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问） gun powder invented ?4. They are used for seeing in the dark.（对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问） they used ?5. The TV was invented before the computer.（同义句）（同义句）The computer was invented the TV.6. He cut down a tree.（变成被动语态）（变成被动语态）tree by him. was invented byWhen were inventedWho was byWhat are for doingafterwas cut down
