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1、单词词形变化规则单词词形变化规则一、复数(名词):一、复数(名词):1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-po
2、licemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese二第三人称单数(动词):二第三人称单数(动词):1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-stu
3、dies三现在分词(动词):三现在分词(动词):1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping四过去式和过去分词(动词):四过去式和过去分词(动词):1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stop
4、ped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5不规则动词过去式和过去分词:(1)awake-awoke-awoken(2)be(am,is,are)-was/were-been(3)bear-bore-born(4)begin-began-begun(5)blow-blew-blown(6)break-broke-broken(7)choose-chose-chosen(8)do-did-done(9)draw-drew-drawn(10)drink-drank-drunk(11)drive-drove-driven(12)eat-ate-eaten(
5、13)fall-fell-fallen(14)fly-flew-flow(15)forget-forgot-forgotten(16)forgive-forgave-forgiven(17)freeze-froze-frozen(18)give-gave-given(19)get-got-gotten(20)go-went-gone(21)grow-grew-grown(22)hide-hid-hidden(23)know-knew-known(24)lie-lay-lain(25)mistake-mistook-mistaken(26)overeat-overate-overeaten(27
6、)prove-proved-proven(28)ride-rode-ridden(29)ring-rang-rung(30)rise-rose-risen(31)see-saw-seen(32)shake-shook-shaken(33)show-showed-shown(34)sing-sang-sung(35)sink-sank-sunk(36)speak-spoke-spoken(37)steal-stole-stolen(38)swim-swam-swum(39)take-took-taken(40)throw-threw-thrown(41)wake-woke-woken(42)we
7、ar-wore-worn(43)write-wrote-written五比较级和最高级(形容词):五比较级和最高级(形容词):1.一般在词尾加er/est;2.以字母e结尾,加r/st;3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er/st;4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er/st5.部分双音节词和多音节词,在单词前面加more或mostimportantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingusefulmoreusefulmostusefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful6不规则形容词比较级:good/well-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther-farthest或further-furthestold-older-oldest或elder-eldestlate-later-latest或latter-latest