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1、Text BTheRoleofEnglishinthe21stCenturyText B The Role of English in the 21st CenturyoNow, I will give you few minutes to read this passage. Then I will ask you for the main idea of each paragraph.PartsParagraphsMainIdealsPartOneParas.1-10SpreadofEnglishPartTwoParas.10-17ThefutureofEnglishPartThreePa
2、ras.18ConclusionThe conclusion is :oTheroleofEnglishisonetoolthatopenswindowstotheworld,unlocksdoorstoopportunities,andexpandsourmindstonewideas.Vocabularyopenetration ,penitrein o名词名词n.o1. 穿透;穿透能力;穿透深度CUo2. 渗透;侵入CUoregion ri:dn o名词名词n.Co1. 地区,地带;行政区域I prefer to live in a cold region. 我宁愿住在寒冷的地区。 o3
3、. (艺术,科学等的)领域,范围He is an authority in the region of chemistry. 他是化学界的权威。 Vocabularyoexceed iksi:d o及物动词及物动词vt.o1. 超过;胜过(+in)The sales exceeded my expectation. 销售超过了我的预料。 2. 超出He was taken to the police box for exceeding the speed limit. 他因超速而被带到警察亭。 o不及物动词不及物动词vi.o1. (在数量或质量方面)超过其他,突出(+in)The enemy
4、troops were finally defeated though they exceeded in number. 敌军虽在数量上占优势,但最后还是被打败了。Vocabularyosubstantial sbstnl o形容词形容词a.o1. 真实的,实在的ZPeople and things are substantial; dreams and ghosts are not. 人和事物是真实的;梦和鬼魂是虚幻的。 o2. 坚固的,结实的The house is substantial enough to last a hundred years. 这房子很坚固,一百年也不会坏。 o3
5、. 多的;大的;大量的;丰盛的I had a substantial meal. 我饱餐了一顿。 o4. 内容充实的,有价值的,重要的They made substantial changes. 他们作了重大改变。 Vocabularyodominate dmineit o及物动词及物动词vt.o1. 支配,统治,控制Spain once dominated the seas. 西班牙曾经是海上霸主。 o2. 在.中占主要地位Sports, though important, should not dominate our schools. 运动虽然重要,但不应在学校中占首要地位。 o3. 高
6、耸于,俯视The two new buildings dominate the whole town. 这两座新建筑俯瞰整个城市。 oVocabularyodominate dmineito不及物动词不及物动词vi.o1. o处于支配地位,拥有压倒优势(+over)He desires to dominate over others. 他很想支配别人。 o2. o处于较高的位置,高耸odominance dminnso名词名词n.o1. 优势;支配(地位),统治(地位)o2. 统一化3. 优势，统治Phrase oContribute to = help to cause 促成，有助于oEg：
7、Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment of our work. 你的建议大大地促进了我们工作的完成。 oGive way to = yield to 对.让步，让位于oTo name a few = to give just a few examples 仅举几例oIn transition = in the course of changing into another state or condition 在过渡时期，在转变过程中oRid oneself of = free oneself from 使自
8、己摆脱SentencesoIt is unparalleled in several ways : by the increasing number of users of the language;by its deoth of penetration into societies;by its range of functions.o这一过程在几个方面都是前所未有的：英语使用人数的增加，英语在不同社会渗透的深度，以及英语功用的广度oWhat began some 1500 years ago as a crude language, originally spoken by little
9、known German tribes who invaded England,now covers the globe.o大约年前，英语还只是那些入侵英格兰的鲜为人知的日耳曼部落使用的一种粗俗的语言，如今它却遍及全球SentencesoWith this technical and scientific dominance came the beginning of overall dominance by the language,first in Europe and then globally.o随着它在科技领域主导地位的确立，英语先是在欧洲，继而在全球开始取得全面的主导地位oWhil
10、e languages such as English,German,and Franch have been international languages because of their governments political power,this is less likely to be the case in the 21st century where economics and shifts in population will have more influence on languages.o虽然英语、德语和法语这些语言曾经凭着各自政府的政治力量而成为国际语言，这种情况在
11、经济和人口变化对语言的影响更大的世纪不太可能发生Q&AoHow many people are learning English across the globe?oA5% of the world population.oB10% of the world population.oC20% of the world population.oD50% of the world population.o Co(para2第三行)Q&AoThe leading language for scientific purposes in the 1930s wasoALatinoBEnglishoCGe
12、rmanoDFrancho Co（para6第一行）Q&AoWritten English is becoming more informal due to the influence ofoApop musicoBAmerican standardsoCthe InternetoDthe growing number of English speakerso Co（para7第八行）Q&Ao4、English is unique inoAits alphabetoBthe simplicity of its grammatoCits informalityoDits wide range o
13、f sourceso Do（第八段）Q&Ao5、The writer points out that the different varieties of EnglishoAmake communication difficultoBallow the language to adapt to local circumstancesoCare not equally acceptableoDrequire a central authority to set standardso Bo（Para9倒数第四段）Q&Ao6、The middle section of the essay,Paras.11-17,could best be subtitledoAthe growth of EnglishoBthe forces behind the spread of EnglishoCEnglish past and presentoDthe future of Englisho D Thanksforwatching!
