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1、ListeningandSpeakingPartIBook 4-Unit 7BrainstormingListeningSpeakingListeningandSpeakingReturntoMenuBook 4-Unit 7Book 4-Unit 7Workwithyourgrouptothinkoutfivetotenwords/phrases/expressionsaboutemploymentandcareerprospects.Disciplinary matters at the workplaceTypes of employmentRecruiting/FiringPositi
2、ons/Job titlesptake/havesickleavepstudyleavepmaternityleavepvisitingleavepleaveofabsencepbepunctualpleave-takingpbeabsentpaskforleaveptakeFrenchleavepaskfor/haveadayofftakeleavewithoutpermissionBook 4-Unit 7DisciplinaryMattersattheWorkplaceBook 4-Unit 7pinternshipppart-timepcontractingpfull-timepvol
3、unteeringpwork-studypapprenticeshipentering into an agreement (either written or spoken) on which work is to be done or supplies are to be made, e.g. an agreement made by a carpenter, a painter, a plumber or a builder with their customersa combination of work andstudy offered to a high school or col
4、lege student by a school so that he can gain some work experience, often used in the phrase a work-study program in American Englishthe position given to an advanced student or a recent graduate who is undergoing supervised practicaltrainingTypesofEmploymentomakeinquiriesaboutanopening/avacancyoappl
5、yforapositionoaward(aprojecttoaconstructioncompany)obetransferredfromonedepartmenttoanotherolayoffodismissosackoletsomeonegoobemaderedundantobeoutofworkdismissal from employmentBook 4-Unit 7Recruiting/Firingpchairmanoftheboardpmembersoftheboardpsecretarypclerkptechnicianspassistantpinternpsecuritygu
6、ardpjanitorpsupervisorpseniorengineerpleaderpchairmanofthedepartmentpdeanppresidentpchiefexecutivepgeneralmanagerpdepartmentmanageranadvancedstudentorarecentgraduateundergoingsupervisedpracticaltrainingBook 4-Unit 7Positions/JobTitlesPre-listeningActivityDiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.1.Whatcan
7、policemendotohelpus?2.Whatistheimageofpolicemeninyourmind?Why?Book 4-Unit 7catchthieves,helplostchildren,befirefighters,bedetectives,getthekeyleftinhouse,helpthecatinthetree,keeporder,directtraffic,deterpotentialtrouble-makers,protecttheinterestsofthepublic,etc.Goodimage:helpful,maintainorderandjust
8、ice,disciplined.Badimage:abusive,violent,corruption,collaborationwithgangs.lnice guys finish last: lcitation:ldumbfounded: Book 4-Unit 7apopularsayingwhichmeansthatgoodanddecentpeopleoftenloseinthestruggleoflifeanawardaccompaniedbyanotedescribingthereasonforit(表扬表扬/嘉奖嘉奖)peoplewhoareoverwhelmedbythes
9、ituationanddonotknowwhattosayNewWordsandExpressionsListenandanswerthefollowingquestions.Book 4-Unit 7ReferenceAnswers1. What makes John a good policeman?2. Has Johns job as a policeman been easy and safe?3. Why was John awarded citations?4. Why dont some people like policemen in Johns district?Book
10、4-Unit 7ReferenceAnswersJohnlikeshisjobasacop.Hefeelsitsthebestjobintheworld.Heisconscientious,hasastrongsenseofjusticeandfairness,andrespectsthelaw.Johnexertshimselftotheutmostandtriestoliveuptohisideals. 1.WhatmakesJohnagoodpoliceman?Book 4-Unit 7No.BeingapolicemaninNewYorkisdifficultanddangerous.
11、Besides,heworksinaroughneighborhood.Hehasbeenshot,spitat,andhitwithbottles,rocks,sticks,andMolotovCocktails.Onceheriskedhislifetosaveamanfromjumpingoffaledge23storiesupfromthestreet.2.HasJohnsjobasapolicemanbeeneasyandsafe? Book 4-Unit 73.WhywasJohnawardedcitations?Johnisgivenawardsforhisbravery,his
12、quickthinkingandperformanceinemergencies. 4.WhydontsomepeoplelikepolicemeninJohnsdistrict?Johnadmitsthattherearebadcopsontheforce,copswhodontalwaysobeytherulesandwhosometimesusetoomuchforceandinjurepeople. ListeningScriptSpeaking Task1:TalkingaboutcareerTask2:MakingadecisionTask3:Establishingnewwork
13、ethicBook 4-Unit 7Task1Book 4-Unit 7Everyjobhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Discussinsmallgroupsaboutthepositiveandnegativeaspectsofthefollowingprofessions.ProfessionPositive aspectsNegative aspectsteacherfilm actordoctorbusinessmansecretarylawyerTalkingaboutCareerTask2Task2Book 4-Unit 7MakingaDeci
14、sionReadthedirectionsonpage120.Decidewhoyouwillchooseasthemanager.Givereasonsforyourdecision.Usethefollowingpatternsinyourtalk.WhileAlbertisnotheis,neverthelessRegardlessofhis/herpastThoughbothhavenegativetraits,Nooneisperfect.TheaimofacompanyisAsfarasprofitisconcerned,Geniusis99%perspirationand1%in
15、spiration.Passion is absolutely the hard and fast rule in salespromotion.WhatistheuseofhavingaguywhocanonlyTask3Task3Book 4-Unit 7EstablishingNewWorkEthicMisconductsarelikevirusesinaworkplace.Theyspreadquietlyandquickly,corruptingthepositivemoraleinaworkplace,orthetrustbetweenemployees.Itistheobliga
16、tionofeveryemployeetodetectandcorrectthem.Misdemeanors at workWhat can be done? (not necessarily related to one particular misdemeanor) SuggestedPointsMisdemeanors at workWhat can be done?readingnewspapersatworknonewspaperchattingatwork,usingMSNtochatwithfriendsduringworkhoursonthecompanycomputersup
17、ervisionbeinglate,procrastinationcompetition,warning,anddisciplinebeingrudetocustomers,neglect,calloustrainingabsentfromdutywithoutpermissionsharingstocks/sharearrangementBook 4-Unit 7SuggestedPointsMisdemeanors at workWhat can be done?playingcomputergamesatworkpunishmentmakingprivatecallsonthecompa
18、nytelephoneduringbusinesshourstelephonelockplayingcompanypoliticswarning,discipline,fineusingcompanyfacilitiesforprivateerrandswarning,discipline,finetakingcompanystationaryforpersonalusewarning,discipline,fineBook 4-Unit 7ReturntoMenuBook 4-Unit 7PartIIReadingComprehensionBook 4-Unit 7Pre-readingTa
19、skComprehensionWorkLanguageWorkReadingComprehensionBook 4-Unit 7ReturntoMenuDiscussthefollowingquestions.Book 4-Unit 7oHaveyoueverbeenlateforclass?Whatexcusesdidyougiveforyourlateness?oWhyispunctualityanecessityinallpublicaffairsinacivilizedsociety?oHaveyouevernoticedthedifferenceinpeoplesattitudeto
20、wardthekeepingoftimeintheruralandurbanareas?SuggestedPoints CulturalDifferenceintheConceptofTime Difference in Time OrientationoChina: past-oriented five thousand years brilliant cultural heritagethe importance attached to experience and wisdomrespect of the elderly, experience and old ageoWestern c
21、ountries: future-oriented original sin: resulting from the Fall of Man, when Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit of a particular tree in the Garden of Eden.suffering on the earth, no returnthe only way out is to move forward bravely CulturalDifferenceintheConceptofTimeDifference in time perception
22、oWestern countries Time is a line focus on schedule, pre-arrangement, strict observance oEastern countries Time is a circle poor time management, leisureliness, flexibility CulturalDifferenceintheConceptofTimeCultural difference in punctuality oThe extremely punctual: Germans, Dutch, Finns, Japanese
23、 (exact the time or earlier)oThe punctual: Americans, Canadians, Danes, Swedes (allowance of five minutes late)oThe flexible: Italians, French, Asians, Latin Americans oThe tardy: Arabians (up to five hours late)oThe extremely tardy: Africans (several hours late, or even one or two days) Are there a
24、ny proverbs bound up with time in Are there any proverbs bound up with time in both Chinese and American cultures? both Chinese and American cultures? 1)Timeismoney.时间就是金钱。时间就是金钱。/ /一寸光阴一寸金。一寸光阴一寸金。2)Timeislifeandwhentheidlemankillstime,hekillshimself.时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。3)
25、Timeflieslikeanarrow,andtimelostneverreturns.光阴似箭，一去不返。光阴似箭，一去不返。4)Timeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不等人。岁月不等人。Do you know what Americans do with time?Do you know what Americans do with time? 1)Theycommitthemselvestocreatingasteadyflowoftime-savingdevices,suchas2)Theyseldomwastetimeassessingothersoversmallt
26、alksormeals;3)Theycarryaroundtheirpocketplannerstokeeptrackofappointmentsanddeadlines;4)Theydotheirutmosttosqueezemorelifeoutoftheirtime;5)Theyseepunctualityasthesoulofbusiness;6)TheyalwaysdotheirbusinessinahurryBook 4-Unit 7SuggestedPoints1.Theimportanceofpunctualitya. efficiency (e.g. In factories
27、 or offices, some work may involve many people, so if one person is late, the work will have to be postponed.)b. respect (In many cultures, people are expected to be punctual since lateness means wasting other peoples time.)c. competition (e.g. If one store opens and closes at a regular time, people
28、 will trust it. Otherwise, customers will be doubtful about its discipline or quality.)d. order (Punctuality certainly is a very important discipline in most workplaces. Otherwise, companies, schools, and offices would be in chaos.)Book 4-Unit 72.Urban/ruraldifferencesUrban: more punctualPossible re
29、asons: more cooperation, higher efficiency, intense competition, more complex human relationship, etc. (Basically, most jobs in cities are concerned with human relationships; therefore, people have to obey the public rules in order to gain social or economic success.)Rural: less punctualPossible rea
30、sons: less competitive or urgent, less sophisticated human relationship, etc.oTextOrganizationoProbetheStoryoEssayQuestionsoDifficultSentencesBook 4-Unit 7Book 4-Unit 7TextOrganizationListentothetextandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart.Para.1Para.2-5Para.6Para.7Para.8-14Raisingtheproblemfordiscussion.P
31、rovidingbackgroundoftheissue.Thewriterbeginstoraisehismajorpositionontheissue.Para.15-16Conclusion:callforpunctualitymanagementAnalysisofwhy“beinglate”shouldnotbeexcusedinbusinessmanagementinAsiancultures.TransitionEssayQuestionsBook 4-Unit 7oDiscussquestionsonpage123andthenwritedownyouropinionsinth
32、eexercisebook.Detailed Analysis Para. 1Main Idea RaisingtheproblemfordiscussionWhatistheproblemfacingamanager?Shouldhebepatientortakedisciplinaryactionagainstthosehabituallylateforwork?ocultureoculturalomulticultural多元文化多元文化的的ocross-cultural跨文化跨文化的的oculturalbackgroundoculturaldifferenceoculturalcomm
33、unicationomulticulturalsocietyomulticulturalenvironmentocross-culturalcommunicationoconceptoftime时间观念时间观念otakedisciplinaryaction采取惩罚措施采取惩罚措施Detailed Analysis Para. 25Main Idea Providingbackgroundoftheissue1.Accordingtothescholars,whatistheAsianconceptoftime? Asians live more in the ancient past or i
34、n the distant future. They view life as a passing moment and prefer a steady pace.2.HowdoWesternersviewtime? Westerners live more in the present and the near future. They always have immediate and urgent objectives to achieve with time-pressing schedules or deadlines.Book 4-Unit 73.Whatfigureofspeec
35、hdoesthewriterusetoillustratetheculturaldifferenceregardingtheconceptoftime? The writer uses a number of metaphors to make his point: neurotic slavery indicates being abnormally bound to tight schedules; the sense of zero gravity refers to the freedom of spending ones time at will; ones life course
36、is compared to a long journey; and the next hill suggests something within reach. approach1. come nearer, move towards靠近，接近2. make advances to sb. (about sth)找商量（联系）3. begin to deal with 着手处理，开始对付o他小心地走近那房子。 He cautiously approached the house. o玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给她的事吗? Did Mary approach you about lending h
37、er some money? o他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。 He approached the question as a scientist. DifficultSentencesBook 4-Unit 71.Asianstrytoavoidaneuroticslaverytotime,viewinglifeasapassingmomentineternity.Theyenjoythesenseof“zerogravity”thatcomesfromtravellingwithoutanimmediategoaloranurgentobjective.亚洲人尽力避免成为时间的神经质的奴
38、隶。生活在他们看来只是永亚洲人尽力避免成为时间的神经质的奴隶。生活在他们看来只是永恒中的匆匆一瞬。他们喜欢旅游所带来的那种恒中的匆匆一瞬。他们喜欢旅游所带来的那种“失重失重”感感,没有近期没有近期目标，也没有紧急任务。目标，也没有紧急任务。slaveryslave(tosth)slavetomortgageslavetocreditcardsslavetochildrenaconceptfromphysics.Itmeansasituationinwhichanobjectisnotsubjecttothepullofamass,suchastheearth,liketheexperience
39、ofthespacemanwalkinginthespaceanattitudeinlifewhichmakesoneboundtobusyschedules,rushtomeetthedeadlinesallthetimesothatonehasnoleisureorfreedomtoenjoylifeamatterof oSafety precautions are observed as a matter of course. a matter of course: sth done as a routine, nothing special 理所当然的事，例行的事oIt is not
40、a matter of life and death to have failed the exam.a matter of life and death: a very serious matteroIt is a matter of record that Paris is a romantic city.a matter of record: sth generally believed to be true 有记录可查的事，事实ooverthenexthill: not far away 在不远的前方 a metaphor that means achievable with one
41、efforte.g. Success is over the next hill. ooverthehill 正在衰落，度过危机e.g. He is over the hill as a professional athlete.She was very ill for two weeks but she is over the hill now.Detailed Analysis Para. 6 Thewriterbeginstoraisehismajorpositionontheissue.Buthowdoesthisinsight,sostudiouslycompiledbyacadem
42、ics,relatetotheneedforpunctualityintheoffice？Westerners and Asians approach time differently. (thetheory)isworkedoutpainstakinglybyscholarsstudy-studious好学的，仔细好学的，仔细-studiously认真的，仔细地认真的，仔细地词根：词根：point，punct=point,makesharp,表示表示“点，变尖点，变尖”acupuncturen针灸（针灸（acu尖尖+punct+ure用针尖点用针尖点针灸）针灸）punctuala准时的（准时
43、的（punct+ual到点上到点上准点的）准点的）punctualitynpuncturev穿孔，刺穿（穿孔，刺穿（punct+ure点点进去进去刺穿）刺穿）punctiliousa谨小慎微的（谨小慎微的（punct+ilious做事做事点滴不漏点滴不漏小心的）小心的）compunctionn后悔，悔恨（后悔，悔恨（com共同共同+punct+ion浑身像针刺一样浑身像针刺一样悔恨）悔恨）punctuatev加标点（加标点（punct+uate加上点加上点加标点）加标点）outlook1. the view from a place景色，景观2. prospect展望，前景3. a menta
44、l attitude or point of view观点，见解oI have a good outlook from my bedroom. 我的卧室有很好的窗景。oHe has a broad outlook on life. 他的人生观十分豁达。oThe outlook for the economy is bright. 经济前景光明。justify: to prove or see to be just or valid, show to be reasonable证明.是正当的;为.辩护;是.的正当理由+v-ingo你如何解释你的粗鲁行为呢? How can you justify
45、 your rude behavior? o那些编辑有充分的理由拒绝你的作品。 The editors are justified in refusing your work. oThere is no justification for his absence. 他没有理由缺席。 Derivation just (adj.公正，合理的)justify v. justification (n. 正当的理由; 辩解的理由) justified (adj.有正当理由的，合理的 )Sentence PatternIt is justified for sb to do sth.sb. is just
46、ified in doing sth. Detailed Analysis Para. 7 Transitiontolerate:vt.beabletobear,permit容许，忍受，容忍容许，忍受，容忍-tolerance(for/of/toward)宽容，忍耐宽容，忍耐-tolerant(adj.of/to/towards)o老师不容许在课堂上吃东西。 The teacher cannot tolerate eating on the class.o他具有幽默感又能宽容和忍耐。 He has a sense of humor plus tolerance and patience.o她容
47、忍不同的意见。 She was tolerant of different views. Book 4-Unit 72.Butthisisunwarrantedinanurbancivilization.ItwouldgivecredencetotheacademicliteraturethatimpliesthetimeorientationinsuchacultureisinferiortothatintheWest.但是这在城市文明中是站不住脚的，它将使人相信此种文化的时但是这在城市文明中是站不住脚的，它将使人相信此种文化的时间观念比西方的时间观念逊色这一学术论调。间观念比西方的时间观念
48、逊色这一学术论调。recommendation,credentials;e.g.a letter of credence. 介绍信介绍信givecredenceto相信，接受相信，接受e.g. Dont give credence to all the gossip you hear. atendencyofthought;ageneralinclination;e.g. a Marxist orientation 马克思主义倾向马克思主义倾向 value orientation 价值取向价值取向 sexual orientation 性取向性取向havingnojustification;g
49、roundless;e.g.unwarranted interference无理干涉无理干涉词根：词根：creed，cred=believe，trust表示表示“相信相信,信任信任”ocreedn信条；纲领（信条；纲领（creed相信相信信条）信条）ocredentialn凭据凭据;（pl)国书国书（cred+ential表形容词或名表形容词或名词词让人相信的东西让人相信的东西凭据）凭据）ocredencen相信；信用（相信；信用（cred+ence相信）相信）ocreditn信任；学分（信任；学分（cred+it表名词）表名词）-discreditv不信任不信任-creditablea可以信
50、任的（可以信任的（credit相信相信+able能能的）的）ocrediblea可靠的，可信的（可靠的，可信的（cred相信相信+ible能能的）的）-incredible不可相信的，难以置信的，不可思议的不可相信的，难以置信的，不可思议的oaccreditv委任；信任（委任；信任（ac给予给予+credit给予相信给予相信委任）委任）ocredulousa轻信的（轻信的（cred+ulous多多的的相信太多相信太多轻信的）轻信的）Detailed Analysis Para. 814Analysisofwhy“beinglate”shouldnotbeexcusedinbusinessman
51、agementinAsiancultures.Book 4-Unit 7Doesthewriteragreetotheclaimthatunpunctualityisrelatedtoacertainculturaloutlook?Why? The writer does not agree to the claim. He thinks that whether a person is punctual or not has nothing to do with his cultural outlook, because observance of time and philosophica
52、l perception of time are two different things. Book 4-Unit 7HowdoAsiansandWesternersreacttounpunctuality? Asians tend to be more tolerant of bad punctuality and are more ready to accept a latecomers dubious excuses, while Westerners view bad punctuality as an undesirable practice and believe that it
53、 shows that a person is not trustworthy or dependable.Book 4-Unit 7Whatisthewritersviewonpunctualityinthebusinessworld? The writer thinks that in daily life it is up to an individual whether to be punctual or not, but in an office environment people must respect the keeping of time.Wedonotthinktheya
54、retakingourfriendshiporaffectionforgranted.Wedonotconsiderthemguiltyofdisrespect.Whatisworse,weletthemexoneratethemselveswithdubiousexcuses. takesth.forgranted认为认为理所当然，想当然理所当然，想当然e.g.Donttakehishelpforgranted.Itakeitforgrantedthattheyhavearrivedtherealready.exonerate：exempt使免使免罪罪,免除免除e.g.exoneratesb
55、.fromblame/responsibility我们不会认为他们不把我们的友谊和亲情当回事儿。我们不会认为他们不把我们的友谊和亲情当回事儿。我们也不会认为他们失礼。更糟糕的是，我们还容许他我们也不会认为他们失礼。更糟糕的是，我们还容许他们用含糊其辞的借口来为自己开脱。们用含糊其辞的借口来为自己开脱。dubious:uncertain,doubtful,ambiguouse.g.dubiousbehavior/characterdubiouswords/replyBook 4-Unit 73.Buthowwereacttolatecomersinoursociallivesisamattero
56、findividualchoice.Intheworldofmodernbusinesswecannotaffordthatflexibility.可是，如何对待社会生活中的那些迟到者却是个人问可是，如何对待社会生活中的那些迟到者却是个人问题。而在现代商业领域，我们不容许有这种灵活性。题。而在现代商业领域，我们不容许有这种灵活性。Thismeansthatinthebusinessworldeveryonemustobservepunctuality.oonceinabluemoon 千载难逢e.g. 这是个千载难逢的机会。 This is a chance once in a blue mo
57、on. 他难得去看他父母一次。 He only visits his parents once in a blue moon. ofad: fashion, crazee.g. the latest fad 最新时尚 His interest in photography is only a passing fad. 他对摄影的兴趣只是一时的爱好罢了。 oa climate of discipline in which people respect the keeping of time 一种纪律约束的氛围来使人们遵守时间。climate 风气，气氛 political climate 政治风
58、气，政治氛围Book 4-Unit 74.Somecompaniesmaychoosetostaggertheopeningandclosingtimefortheirofficestoenableemployeestoavoidtherushhour.Butthatdoesnotmeanthereisnolongeraneedforpunctuality.一些公司可能会主动改变他们的上下班时间，以使雇员一些公司可能会主动改变他们的上下班时间，以使雇员能够避开交通高峰期。但那并不是说就不再需要守时。能够避开交通高峰期。但那并不是说就不再需要守时。a.toplaceonorasifonalter
59、natingsidesofacenterline;setinazigzagroworrows,E.g.Theater seats that were staggered for clear viewing. 戏院的椅子都被错开了，为的是清楚地观看。戏院的椅子都被错开了，为的是清楚地观看。b.toarrangeinalternatingoroverlappingtimeperiods；e.g.staggered the nurses shifts 护士互相交错值班护士互相交错值班.aperiodofheavytrafficDetailed Analysis Para. 1516Conclusio
60、n:callforpunctualitymanagementBook 4-Unit 7Shouldamanagerignoreunpunctualityinhis/heroffice?What,inthewritersview,shouldthemanagerdo? Generally, a manager should not take the academic concept that to require punctuality of his/her employees is intolerant of culture. He or she must strive to break ba
61、d habits through repeated counseling. counsel：to give advice, urge, consult 忠告，建议，商议oHe followed my counsel. 他听取了我的忠告。 oI counseled your trying once again. 我建议你再试一次。oShe counseled with her husband about the problem. 她同丈夫商量了这个问题。 Derivation counseling咨询服务,咨询,辅导 counselor 顾问，参事，指导老师oIt is about time =
62、 it is high time (+过去式）oacademic notion 迂腐的观点 (- clich) odiscard: throw away, get rid of 丢弃，抛弃e.g.我们应该抛弃旧观念。 We should discard old beliefs. 我们将不再使用这些旧书。 We will discard the old books.Review o习惯性迟到o多元文化环境o时间观念o采取惩罚措施o就在不远处o表面上看来o宽容o城市文明o时间取向o把视作理所当然的事obe habitually late oMulticultural environmentoCon
63、cept of timeoTake disciplinary action oOver the next hilloOn the surface oBe tolerant of/towardoUrban civilizationoTime orientation oTake sth for grantedo对感到内疚o使免罪o含糊其辞的借口o个人选择的问题o千载难逢的o改掉习惯oBe guilty of oExonerate sb from sth. oDubious excuses oA matter of individual choiceoOnce in a blue moonoBrea
64、k a habit pInOtherWordspWorkwithSentencespWordStudyBook 4-Unit 7Book 4-Unit 7InOtherWords1.HesaidontheeveoftheNewYearthathewantedtomakealistofNewYearresolutions.But,hissistersneeredandsaidthatshewas_abouthisdecision.2.Moviesthatarenothingbut_ofsentimentallovehavelittleappealtotodaysaudience.3.Someed
65、itorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovide_detailsoffamouspeoplesprivatelife.4.ThePrimeMinisterdeliveredaspeechto_thegovernmentsdecisiontoparticipateintheUNpeacekeepingaction.Fillintheblankswiththefollowingwords.(page124)untrustworthydubiousinsightjustifyunwarrantedclichediscardfadBook
66、4-Unit 75.Yearsofexperienceasasalesmangavehima/an_intothetoughnessofthebusinessworld.6.Mrs.Jonesalwaysfindshercleaningmaids_andshehiresanddismissesthemwithsuchafrequencythatshehasnevergotachancetoremembertheirnames.7.Languagestudentsshould,firstofall,_themisconceptionthattheycanlearnalanguagewithcle
67、arandultimatesuccess.8.Travellingtoremoteareas,oreventounhabitatedregionshasbecomea/an_amongcitydwellers.untrustworthydiscardinsightfadunwarrantedjustifydubiousclicheWorkwithSentencesBook 4-Unit 71.Manypeopletriedtheirluckinthelottery,thoughtheyknewtheprobabilityofwinningthefirstprizewasquiteslim.2.
68、Thosewhorecklesslydestroyrainforestsshouldfeelashamedfortheirstupidact.3.Theearthhasofferedallithastonourishhumanbeings,buttheyjustbenefitfromitwithoutshowinganygratefulnessinreturn.onceinabluemoon.guiltyofRewritethesentenceswiththeexpressionsinthebox.(page124)takeforgrantedbeguiltyofshowuponthesurf
69、acedisregardasbreakoneshabitinferiortoonceinabluemoontake thegenerosityoftheplanetforgranted.Book 4-Unit 74.Goodsonsalearenotnecessarilypoorerinqualitythanthosesoldatnormalprices.5.Primatesareseeminglythesuitablecandidateforxenotransplants,butthesamevirusesthatinfectmonkeysandapesareverylikelytoinfe
70、cthumans.6.Thehosthadexpectedthirtyguestsbutfinallymorethanfortyarrivedattheparty.7.Badhabitsareeasytomakebutdifficulttoeliminate.8.Expertsineducationdonotthinkboysassertivenessistheonlyreasonforclassroomsexism.inferiortoOnthesurface, primatesaretheshowedupBadhabitsareeasytomakebutdifficulttobreak.d
71、isregardasWordStudy(page 125)Book 4-Unit 71.StudythewordsorexpressionsinPartatogetherwiththemodelsinPartb.2.Explainthewordsorexpressionsbasedonthemodelsentences.ThentranslatethemodelsentencesintoChinese.3.FinishPartb:Usethepromptstoproducesentences.Book 4-Unit 71.TomanyAsians,lifeisalongjourneyandha
72、ppinessissimplynotamatteroftime.对许多亚洲人来说，生活是一次漫长的旅行对许多亚洲人来说，生活是一次漫长的旅行,幸福绝对不是幸福绝对不是一个一个时间时间问题问题。beamatterof+(lifeanddeath,opinion,personaltaste/choice/preference,principle)Noarticleorpluralformisusedwiththesenounsinthisstructure.V-ingformcanbeusedinplaceofthenoun.E.g.1.Doctor, please come quickly; i
73、ts a matter of life and death. 2. It would only be a matter of time before he went through with it.Book 4-Unit 71.a.Tomanypeople,skatingisjustamatterofpractice.b.Dealingwiththeseproblemsisallamatterofexperience.c.Successinbusinessissimplyamatterofknowingwhentograbachance.1.TomanyAsians,lifeisalongjo
74、urneyandhappinessissimplynotamatteroftime.Book 4-Unit 72.Onthesurface,itmightseemthatamanagermayhavetobemoretolerantaboutpunctualitywithsomeculturalgroupsthanothers.表面上看来，管理者会不得不对表面上看来，管理者会不得不对一些文化群体比对另一些文化群一些文化群体比对另一些文化群体在守时方面更体在守时方面更宽容宽容一些。一些。allowingpeopletobehaveinawaythatmaynotpleaseone,without
75、becomingannoyed2.a.Theresageneralfeelingthatthepresidenthasbeentootolerantofcorruption.b.Itseemsthatpeopleinthistownaremoretolerantofchildreninpublicplaces.c.Itissaidthatherownmistakesmadeherverytoleranttowardsthefaultsofothers.Book 4-Unit 103.Butthisisunwarrantedinanurbancivilization.但是这在城市文明但是这在城市
76、文明中是中是站不住脚的站不住脚的。unwarranted+(interference/intrusion/criticism,etc.)withoutgoodreason,notwithjustcause,e.g.He accused the police of using unwarranted brutality.3.a.Thecompanydirectorclaimedsuchcriticismwasunwarrantedandunjust.b.Suchfearsarecompletelyunwarrantednow.c.Thewhite,malesupremacyintheWestis
77、totallyunwarrantedintodayscivilizedworld.Book 4-Unit 74.Wedonotthinkthattheyaretakingourfriendshiporaffectionforgranted.我们认为他们不会不我们认为他们不会不把把我们的友谊和亲情我们的友谊和亲情当回当回事儿事儿。 toacceptafact,action,etc.withoutquestioning,(takeitforgrantedthat+clauseortakesth./sb.forgranted)4.a.Manyyoungpeopletaketheirparentslo
78、veforgranted.b.Wetakeitforgrantedthatstudentsshouldbepunctualforclass.c.Theirrelationshiphadbecomeboringandtheystartedtotakeeachotherforgranted.Book 4-Unit 75.Wedonotconsiderthemguiltyofdisrespect.我们认为他们也不会我们认为他们也不会为失礼为失礼感到内疚感到内疚。beguiltyof/at(meaning:ashamedof)+noun/v-inge.g. I may have been guilty
79、 of neglecting my family at times, and I feel very bad about that.5.a.Hewasguiltyofaseriousmisjudgment.b.Theirparentsareguiltyofgrossneglect,abuseandcruelty.c.IsawthatIhadbeenguiltyofanirreparableblunder.Book 4-Unit 76.Amanagershouldtrytobreaktheirbadhabitsthroughcounselling,repeatedlyifrequired.管理者
80、应该试图通过管理者应该试图通过劝告劝告必要的话可必要的话可反复教育反复教育来来改变改变他们的坏习惯他们的坏习惯。break/kickahabit:getridoftheirbadhabitsmakeahabitofdoingsth.e.g. The professor hoped the students would break their habit of looking for essay answers.6.a.Theymadeitahabitofhavinglunchtogethertwiceaweek.b.Imtryingtogethimtobreakthehabitofswitch
81、ingontheTVwhenhecomeshomeatnight.c.Somechildrenliketobitetheirfingernails-abadhabitandverydifficulttobreak.ReturntoMenuBook 4-Unit 7PartIIIExtendedActivitiesBook 4-Unit 7ExtendedActivitiesBook 4-Unit 7ReturntoMenuDictation Read MoreGrammar and VocabularyTranslationWritingReading for InterestCultural
82、 Information Iusedtoworkforamovingcompany.Oneday,afterwehadpackedatruckloadoffurniture,ourcustomerinstructedustogoonaheadandmeetheratthenewhouse.Wewaitedtherebutthenconcludedthatwehadthewrongaddress.Sowedrovetoacorner,hopingtocatchherasshewentby.“Thatshercar!”mybossyelled.Hejumpedfromthetruck,dashed
83、acrosstheparkinglot,stoppingthecar,andsaid,“Whydontyouletmefollowyouhome?”Asshequicklyrolledupherwindowandhurriedoff,herealizedthathehadthewrongwoman. DictationBook 4-Unit 7ScriptBook 4-Unit 7oReadthepassageandtrytofindthestrategiestheauthorrecommendedpeopletousewhentheyapplyforaposition.ReferenceAn
84、swersBook 4-Unit 7ReferenceAnswersTheauthorlistedfivestrategiesthatworkbest.oDont be afraid to say you are qualified to do a different job or to move ahead;oBe an A player. The raises go to those the company considers its A players;oTake advantage of performance reviews;oHave a backup plan;oGive you
85、rself a raise, that is, search for a better job.FurtherDiscussionQUESTIONSIsthisstrategyapplicableinChina?WhyorWhynot?1.Tellyourbosswhatyouwant.Areyouafraidtotellthebosswhatyouwant?Whatarethebenefitsandpossibleproblemsofdoingthis?2.Takeperformancereviewsseriously.Howcanyoutakeadvantageofperformancer
86、eviews?3.Thinkofchangingjobs.Doyouthinkitiseasytochangejobs?Whatcanbetheproblems?Insmallgroups,discussthefollowingquestions.SuggestedPointsBook 4-Unit 7Book 4-Unit 71.b2.a3.c4.a5.d6.b7.a8.cExercisesforWordsFinishtheexercisesonpage129,andcheckyouranswers.Grammar:While/as/when.clauseVocabulary:Workwit
87、hwordsMatchingexercisesBook 4-Unit 7Book 4-Unit 7when,as,while和和whenever都可以引导时间状都可以引导时间状语从句。语从句。when表示具体某个时间，引导的从句的动表示具体某个时间，引导的从句的动作可与主句同时发生或先于主句发生，可指一段时间作可与主句同时发生或先于主句发生，可指一段时间也可指一个时间点。也可指一个时间点。when有一个用法是在主句动作有一个用法是在主句动作进行过程中，从句动作发生了。而进行过程中，从句动作发生了。而while只能表示持只能表示持续性的动作或状态，不能表示一时性或短暂的动作，续性的动作或状态，不
88、能表示一时性或短暂的动作，as表示的从句的动作与主句动作同时发生，具有延续表示的从句的动作与主句动作同时发生，具有延续含义。含义。as和和while可译为可译为“一边一边一边一边”、“正当正当的时候的时候”。whenever指任何一个不具体的时间。指任何一个不具体的时间。examplesWhile/As/When.ClauseBook 4-Unit 71.Heenteredtheroomwhen(while,as)themeetingwasgoingon.（正当（正当，表示一段时间），表示一段时间）2.Whenshecomes,Ishalltellhertowaitforyou.（表示（表示一
89、个时间点，不能用一个时间点，不能用while）3.HismotherwasjustcomingalongtoseehimwhensheranintohisclassmateJohn.（when引导的从句相当于引导的从句相当于一个由一个由and连接的并列分句，这里只能用连接的并列分句，这里只能用when，意为意为“在那在那时时”）4.Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleavewhensomethingoccurredwhichattractedmyattention.(在主句动作进行过程中，从句动作发生了，这是一种主从关在主句动作进行过程中，从句动作发
90、生了，这是一种主从关系颠倒的现象系颠倒的现象)5.TheymadenoefforttohidetheiramusementwheneverIproducedapacketofsweetsfrommypocket.（指任何（指任何一个不具体的时间）一个不具体的时间）a.Jointhefollowingsentencesbyusingtimeconjunctionswhen,while,oras.Makechangesifnecessary.(page130)1.Mymotherburntherfingers.Shewasliftingthekettleoffthestove.2.Thedogsa
91、wtheburglar.Itbarkedandbarkeduntilitsmasterwokeup.3.Thepupilspretendedtobehardatwork.Theysawtheirteachercomingdownthecorridor.4.Alltheguestshadleft.Mr.andMrs.Wilsonstartedtocleanupthehouse.5.MrandMrsSmithwereouttoattendaneveningparty.MrSmithssisterlookedaftertheirchildren.6.6.Marywascookinglunch.Wew
92、ereplayingchess.7.7.Thediversquicklyswamtotheirboat.Theysawsomesharksapproachingthemmanacingly.Mymotherburntherfingerswhile/when/asshewasliftingthekettleoffthestove.Whenthedogsawtheburglar,itbarkedandbarkeduntilitsmasterwokeup.Thepupilspretendedtobehardatworkwhen/astheysawtheirteachercomingdowntheco
93、rridor.While/WhenMr.andMrs.Smithwereouttoattendaneveningparty,Mr.Smithssisterlookedaftertheirchildren.Whenalltheguestshadleft,Mr.andMrs.Wilsonstartedtocleanupthehouse.Marywascookingthelunchwhilewewereplayingchess.WhileMarywascookingthelunch,wewereplayingchess.Thediversquicklyswamtotheirboatwhen/asth
94、eysawsomesharksapproachingthemmenacingly.Book 4-Unit 7b.Fillouttheblankswithappropriatewords.b.Fillouttheblankswithappropriatewords.1.Heworked_abusdriverforsixmonths.2.a.likeb.aboutc.asd.alike3.2._Iagreewithyouuptoapoint,Icannotagreewithyouasawhole.4.a.Whenb.Afterc.Asd.While5.3.Therearegoodpeopleand
95、badpeopleinourcountry,_thereareineverycountry.6.a.justasb.justlikec.asifd.asthough7.4.Heranawayfromhome,_hisbrotherhaddonetheyearbefore.8.a.likeb.asc.whend.whileBook 4-Unit 75.Ivewrittentenpages_youveonlywritteneight.a.whereasb.whenc.whiled.as6.Tomlikestogothemovies_Marypreferstogoswimming.a.whenb.w
96、hilec.asifd.like7.Englishdoesnothavearegularsystemofspelling_certainotherlanguages.a.whileb.asc.sinced.like8.Thesizeoftheaudience,_wehadexpected,waswellovertwentythousand.a.asb.whatc.whomd.while9._Iadmitthatthereareproblems,Idontmeanthattheycannotbesolved.a.Whenb.Asc.Whiled.SinceBook 4-Unit 7a.Worki
97、ngroups,explainthemeaningofthefollowinga.Workingroups,explainthemeaningofthefollowingwordsandexpressionsaboutrecruitmentandwordsandexpressionsaboutrecruitmentandemployment.employment.WorkwithWords Book 4-Unit 7personaldetailscandidateexperiencequalificationsworkingconditionsinterviewjobtitlecurricul
98、umvitae(CV)applicationjobvacancyopeningappointmentjobdescriptioncredentialapplicantshortlistcareerprospectsresumesalaryadvertisementb.Usethewordsfromtheabovegrouptocompletetheb.Usethewordsfromtheabovegrouptocompletethefollowingpassage.followingpassage.Book 4-Unit 7Thecompanyusuallyadvertisethe(1)_in
99、anewspaper.The(2)_usuallygivesthe(3)_andthe(4)_.Itsometimesgivesthe(5)_anddescribesthe(6)_and(7)_aswell.Theapplicantusuallysendsinaletterof(8)_anda(9)_orCV,whichgivesanaccountoftheapplicants(10)_andlisthis/herqualificationsand(11)_.Thecompanythenmakea(12)_ofthemostsuitablecandidatesandinvitesthemfor
100、an(13)_.Thecompanythenchoosesthebest(14)_andmakesan(15)_.jobvacancyadvertisementjobtitlejob descriptionsalaryworkingconditionscareer prospectsapplicationcurriculumvitaepersonaldetailsexperienceshortlistinterviewcandidateappointmentBook 4-Unit 7MatchingExercisesExtract1=1987(Diploma)Extract2=19871989
101、(Assistantmanager)Extract3=19901993(Manager)Extract4=1993Present(CorporateClientServicesManager)pReadthecurriculumvitaeandextractsfromaletterofapplication.MatchtheletterextractstotherelevantpartsoftheCV.(page131).ReferenceAnswersThersumorganizespersonalinformationinthefollowingstructure:1.Personalde
102、tails2.Education3.Workexperience4.Interestandhobbies5.Publications6.Membership7.Qualifications8.Mailingaddress/telephoneTipsBook 4-Unit 7TranslationBook 4-Unit 7KeytoTranslation(page 133)Book 4-Unit 71.Anopportunityasgoodasthisarises/occurs2.onlyonceinabluemoon.2.Theboyfeltguiltyfortakingmoneyfromhi
103、smothershandbagwithoutpermission.3.Shedidnotgivecredencetoasinglewordofhisstory.4.Generallyspeaking,teachersaretolerantoftheirstudentsmistakes.Book 4-Unit 75.Itookitforgrantedyoudwanttocomewithus,soIboughtyouaticket.6.Thankstothemanagersrepeatedcounseling,thestaffsoonbrokethebadhabitofcominglatetowo
104、rk.7.Hesfuriouswithhernow,buthellforgivehersoon.Itsjust/onlyamatterofafewhours,thatsall.Book 4-Unit 7Astheslogangoes,“Timeismoney”.Butdoyouagree?Whatdoyouthinkofit?Nowwriteastoryoranessayofabout300wordsonanyofthefollowingtopics.1.Astoryaboutunpunctuality(aguywhoisprofessionallylateforanything).2.Ane
105、ssaytoarguefor/againstpunctualityinanofficeofanyinstitution.3.Anessaytoargueforanalternativesystemtorigidobservanceofpunctuality,forexample,flexibletimesystem.4.Anessaytodiscussthedifferenceintimeorientationbetweenvillageandtownpeople.“Promptnessisthesoulofbusiness.”(准时是企业的灵魂。准时是企业的灵魂。)“Methodisthev
106、eryhingeofbusiness,andthereisnomethodwithoutpunctuality.”（方法是企业的枢纽，而没有准时则没有方法。）（方法是企业的枢纽，而没有准时则没有方法。）“PunctualityisthepolitenessofKings.”（守时是国王应有的礼貌。）（守时是国王应有的礼貌。）“Punctualityisavirtue,ifyoudontmindwaiting.”（守时是一种美德，如果您不介意等待。）（守时是一种美德，如果您不介意等待。）“Punctualityistheartofguessinghowlatetheotherfellowisgo
107、ingtobe.”（守时就是猜测另一个家伙什么时候出现的艺术。）（守时就是猜测另一个家伙什么时候出现的艺术。）“Punctualityisthedutyofsubjectsandthepolitenessofkings.”（守时是臣民的义务，国王的礼貌。）（守时是臣民的义务，国王的礼貌。）Whatareyourreflectionsonthefollowingquotations?Book 4-Unit 7 ReferenceAnswersBook 4-Unit 7pReadthearticlebeforeclass.pThinkaboutthepossiblebureaucraticprob
108、lemsthatmayexistinabiginstitution.pAnswerthecomprehensionquestionsonpage136.LinkTheBritishMuseumIsFallingDownBook 4-Unit 7Notopenontime.Everyclerksays,“Idontknow.Pleaseasksomeoneelse.”Thereisnoclerkattheservicedesk.Someoneissmoking.Somearechatting.Thefloorisuntidy.Someoneisreadingnovel.Theroadsignsa
109、resometimesconfusing.Thepossiblebureaucraticproblemsinabiginstitution:SuggestedPointsBook 4-Unit 7ReferenceAnswers1.Whatisyouroverallimpressionofthestory?a.Bureaucracy.b.Individualsinsignificance,andthushelplessnessinthefaceofthebigorganizationalinstitutionorthegovernment.c.Therearetoomanyidlepeople
110、inbigcompaniesorgovernmentdepartments.d.Themenareprobablysoidlethattheywanttopasstheirworkinghoursbyplayingtricksonthecustomers.Book 4-Unit 72.DoyouconsiderthewaythetwomenintheticketroomtreatAdamnormal?Ifnot,providesomeevidencethatindicatesthis.Thestorysoundsverybizarreinseveralplaces:a.Theworkerspr
111、etendedtobebusywritingwhenb.Adamapproachedthem.b.OneoftheworkerstoreAdamscard.c.Theworkerskeptchangingplaceswitheachother,andthereasongivenbyoneoftheworkerssoundedveryridiculous.Book 4-Unit 73.CanthestoryactuallytakeplaceintheBritishMuseum?ThestorylookedveryunlikelytotakeplaceintheBritishMuseumbecau
112、sethewriterwasinfactdescribingoneofhisdreams.4.Whenandwherewouldyousaysuchathingcouldhappen?Theabsurdity,ifnottothisridiculousdegree,mayhappeninbiginstitutionsiftheyarepoorlymanaged.Book 4-Unit 75.Whatisimpliedinthestory?Istheauthorcriticizinganythingthatexistsroundus,e.g.bureaucracy?Thewriteriscrit
113、icizingbureaucracyinBritishsociety.Hemayalsobeinsinuatinghowinsignificantanindividualisinthefaceofbiginstitutions.pCompletethefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheculturalinformationyougetonpage136.Book 4-Unit 7WhatwouldaBritishorAmericanpersondointhefollowingsituations?Iftheywanttomeetsomebody,_.Iftheyh
114、avemadeanappointment,_.Iftheyarelate,_.Iftheycannotcome,_.Iftheyattendabusinessmeeting,_.Usuallytheyworkfrom_till_.Theirlunchtimeisgenerallyfrom_oclockto_oclock.they telephone first tothey arrive a few they would apologize and explain whatthey will make phone calls to explainthey will talk about9:00 a.m.5:00 p.m.12:001:00business first and chat laterBook 4-Unit 7have happenedminutes earliermake an appointment.ReturntoMenuBook 4-Unit 7
