《最新医学英语疾病介绍gastriccarcinoma胃癌精品课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新医学英语疾病介绍gastriccarcinoma胃癌精品课件（24页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、医学英语疾病介绍医学英语疾病介绍gastriccarcinoma胃癌胃癌IntroductionDescription 概述概述Classification 分类分类Causes 病因病因Symptoms 症状症状Pathlogical Changes 病变病变Exams and Tests临床检查临床检查Treatment 治疗治疗Outlook(Prognosis) 预后预后Prevention 预防预防Haveinflammationandswellingofthestomachforalongtime(chronicatrophicgastritis)Haveperniciousane
2、miaSmokeCausesInflammation:nflmenn.医炎症Swelling:sweln.肿胀chronicatrophictrfikgastritisgstrats:慢性萎缩性胃炎perniciouspnsanemiani:mi:恶性贫血Abdominalfullness(腹胀)orpain(疼痛),whichmayoccuraftereatasmallmealDarkstools(黑便)Difficultyswallowing(吞咽困难),whichbecomesworseovertimeExcessivebelching(嗳气/打嗝儿过度)Generaldeclinein
3、health(全身健康机能减退)SymptomsAbdominal:bdmnladj.腹部的Belch:beltv.打嗝，嗳气Decline:diklainn.衰退嗳嗳 i:打嗝儿，胃里的气从嘴里出来，并发出声音。打嗝儿，胃里的气从嘴里出来，并发出声音。 Lossofappetite(食欲缺乏)Nausea(恶心)Vomiting,whichmaycontainblood(呕血)Weaknessorfatigue(疲劳)Weightloss(体重减轻)SymptomsAppetite:pitaitn.胃口，食欲Nausea:n:zi:,-,-si:,-n.作呕；恶心；反胃Vomit:vmitv
4、t.&vi.呕吐Fatigue:fti:gn.疲劳Earlygastriccancer:早期胃癌Thecancerhavenotinvadedthemuscularispropria(肌层)andarethereforelimitedtothemucosa(黏膜层)andsubmucosa(黏膜下层).Advancegastriccarcinoma:进展期胃癌Thecancerhaveinvadedthemuscularispropriaorevenfurtherandbeyondthemucosaandsubmucosa.Pathlogical ChangesInvade:inveidvt.
5、&vi.侵入Muscularis:mskjulris肌层Mucosa:mju:kusn.黏膜层Propria:固有层 Protrudedtype(型隆起型)Superficialtype(型表浅型)Superficialelevatedtype(a型表浅隆起型)Superficialflattype(b型表浅平坦型)Superficialdepressedtype(c型表浅凹陷型)Excavatedtype(型凹陷型)Pathlogical ChangesProtrude:prtru:dvt.使突出Superficial:sju:pfiladj.表面（上）的Excavate:ekskvetvt
6、.挖掘；开凿(1)息肉型或蕈伞型polypoidorfungatingtype(2)溃疡型Ulcerativetype(3)浸润型Infiltratingtype进展期胃癌进展期胃癌大体类型大体类型 Pathlogical ChangesPolypoid:plipid息肉样Fungating:fngeit医真菌样生长Ulcerative:lsrtivadj.溃疡（性）的Infiltrating:nfltretv.（使）渗透Asuspiciousstomachulcerthatwasultimatelydiagnosedascanceronbiopsy(baipsi活检)andresected(
7、ri(:)sektid切除).Thesurgicalspecimen(spesimn外科手术样本)wassubsequently(sbsikwntli随后，后来)keptforeducationalpurposes. Pathlogical ChangesAdenocarcinomaofthestomach(dinuk:sinum腺癌)隶属溃疡型进展期胃癌，伴有溃疡形成的胃癌有时需与消化性溃疡鉴别Endoscopic(endskpik内窥镜)imageoflinitis(linaitis胃蜂窝织炎)plastica(plstik塑料的),atypeofstomachcancerwherethe
8、entirestomachisinvaded,leadingtoaleather(le皮革)bottle-likeappearancewithbloodcomingoutofit.Pathlogical ChangesLinitisplastica革囊胃隶属浸润型进展期胃癌Diagnosisisoftendelayed(被推迟)becausesymptomsmaynotoccurintheearlystagesofthedisease(疾病早期阶段).Or,patientsmayself-treatsymptoms(自己治疗出现的一些症状)thatgastriccancerhasincommo
9、nwithother,lessseriousgastrointestinaldisorders(相对不那么严重的胃肠道疾病)(bloating(胃气胀),heartburn(胃灼热),andasenseoffullness(腹胀感).Exams and TestsGastrointestinalgstruintestnldisorders胃肠道病症Bloatingblt胃气胀Heartburnh:tb:n胃灼热Thefollowingtestscanhelpdiagnosegastriccancer:Completebloodcount(CBC)tocheckforanemiaEsophago
10、gastroduodenoscopy(EGD)withbiopsytoexaminethestomachtissueStooltesttocheckforbloodinthestoolsExams and TestsCompletebloodcount(CBC)tocheckforanemia:贫血时检查全血细胞计数Esophagoasfg/gastrogstr/duodenodju:udi:n/scopy(EGD):食道、胃、十二指肠镜检查Stooltesttocheckforbloodinthestools:大便中带血时检查粪便Surgerytoremovethestomach(gastr
11、ectomy)istheonlytreatmentthatcancurethecondition.Radiationtherapyandchemotherapymayhelp.Formanypatients,chemotherapyandradiationtherapyaftersurgerymayimprovethechanceofacure(提高治愈的可能性).Forpatientswhocannothavesurgery,chemotherapyorradiationcanimprovesymptomsandmayprolongsurvival(延长生存时间),butwilllikely
12、notcurethecancer.Forsomepatients,asurgicalbypassprocedure(外科旁路手术)mayrelievesymptoms(减轻症状).TreatmentGastrectomy:strektmi胃切除术Radiationreidieintherapy:放疗Chemotherapykemuerpi:化疗Theoutlookvaries(预后情况).Tumorsinthelowerstomach(胃下部的肿瘤)arecuredmoreoftenthanthoseinthehigherstomach-gastriccardia(胃贲门)orgastroes
13、ophagealjunction(食管胃连接).Howfarthetumorinvadesthestomachwall(肿瘤侵袭胃壁的程度)andwhetherlymphnodes(淋巴结)areinvolved(是否已发生淋巴道转移)whenthepatientisdiagnosedaffectthechancesofacure(影响治愈的可能性).Whenthetumorhasspreadoutsidethestomach(肿瘤已经扩散到胃外时),acureisnotpossible(治愈已经不可能了)andthegoaloftreatmentistoimprovesymptoms(使症状
14、好转).Outlook(Prognosis)gastriccardiak:di胃贲门Gastroesophagealstruisfdi:l食管胃的lymphlmfnodesnudz淋巴结Mass screening programs(疾病普查程序疾病普查程序)havebeensuccessfulatdetectingdiseaseintheearlystages(疾病早期探测)inJapan,wheretheriskofgastriccancer(胃癌带来的危害)ismuchhigherthanintheUnitedStates.Thevalueofscreening(这种普查的价值)inth
15、eUnitedStatesandothercountrieswithlowerratesofgastriccancer(美国以及胃癌发病率较低的其它国家)isnotclear(尚不明确).PreventionThe following may help reduce your risk of gastric cancer:DontsmokeEatahealthy,balanceddietrichinfruitsandvegetablesTakeamedicationtotreatrefluxdisease,ifyouhaveitPreventionrefluxri:flksdisease:胃食管反流病（简称GERD）是指胃十二指肠内容物反流入食管引起的以烧心反酸为主要特征的临床综合征
