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1、2014中考复习课件中考复习课件 专题十二：专题十二：简单句简单句(陈陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句感叹句、倒装句专题专题1212简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 考点直击1陈述句述句 陈述句是用于陈述事实和观点的句子，包括肯定结构和否定结构。肯定句变否定句的基本方法如下：1be 动词的否定式： 在be动词后面加否定词not。如： We arent classmates. 我们不是同学。专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句
2、) ) 2情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加否定词not。如： I cant speak English well. 我英语说得不好。3实义动词的否定式： 借助助动词do/does/did构成。一般现 在时的句子的否定结构为“主语doesnt/dont动词原形 其他”。如： He doesnt do exercise every day. 他不是每天都锻炼。 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 2疑疑问句句 疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。1一般
3、疑问句： 通常用来询问一件事情是否属实。答句通 常是“Yes”或“No”。如： Are you tired? 你累吗？ Yes, I am.是的，我累。2选择疑问句： 指提出两个或两个以上的可能答案供对方 选择。如： Shall we go home or stay here for the night? 我们回家还是待在这里过夜？专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 3特殊疑问句： 以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的 句子叫特殊疑问句。如： What do you like most? 你最喜欢什么？4反意
4、疑问句： 反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，由两部分组 成，前一部分是对事物的陈述(即陈述句)，后一部分是简短 的提问(即简短疑问句)，中间用逗号隔开。反意疑问句遵循 “前否后肯”、“前肯后否”的原则，且两部分的人称和时态要 保持一致。专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 中考中常见的反意疑问句的构成情况如下：(1)陈述部分为“Let us”时，问句部分习惯上用“will you？”； 陈述部分为“Lets”时，问句部分习惯上用“shall we？”。如：Let us go to the cinema, will you
5、? 让我们去看电影好吗？Lets go to the cinema, shall we? 让我们去看电影好吗？(2)陈述部分为“There (Here) be 主语”时，问句部分用“benotthere (here)？”形式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 盘子里有两块蛋糕，不是吗？专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) (3)反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯
6、定式。如：She seldom goes swimming, does she?她很少去游泳，是吗？(4)陈述部分的主语为指物的不定代词时，问句部分的主语用it。如：Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? 那台电脑有问题了，不是吗？(5)陈述部分的主语为指人的不定代词时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they保持一致。如：Someone is knocking at the door, isnt he? 有人在敲门，不是吗？专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句
7、句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) (6)反意疑问句的陈述部分为“I (We) dont think (believe, suppose, consider等) that从句”时，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I dont think that he has finished the work on time, has he?我认为他没有按时完成工作，不是吗？(7)反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-， im-， in-， dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：It is unfair, isnt it? 这不公平，不是
8、吗？专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) (8)陈述部分为肯定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分可用“will you/wont you？”； 陈述部分为否定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分只能用“will you？”。 如：Dont make any noise, will you? 不要制造噪音，好吗？专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 3祈使句祈使句 祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。其否定式是直接在动词原形前加dont。常
9、见的祈使句的基本句型如下：1动词原形其他。如： Be careful.小心。2Do动词原形(加强语气)。如： Do be careful next time.下次要小心。3加please的祈使句(表示更加客气和礼貌)。如： Open the door, please.请打开门。专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 4感感叹句句 感叹句一般用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what或how引导，句末用感叹号。1what引导的感叹句(1)Whata/an形容词可数名词单数(主语谓语)！如：What a
10、difficult question it is!多么难的一个问题啊！(2)What形容词可数名词复数/不可数名词(主语谓语)！如：What useful information！多有用的信息啊！专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 2how引导的感叹句(1)How形容词/副词主语谓语！如：How kind they are！他们多和蔼啊！(2)How陈述句(主语谓语)！如：How time flies！时间飞逝！3what引导的感叹句可以和how引导的感叹句互换。如：What a good girl！How g
11、ood the girl is!多好的女孩啊！专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 5倒装句倒装句1副词位于句首时。here, there, now, then等副词置于句 首时句子要倒装，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run 等。这种倒装结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称 代词时则不能完全倒装。如： Here he comes.他来了。2only在句首强调状语时。如： Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。3以so/
12、neither/nor开头的句子。说明前面的内容也适用于 后者时用倒装句“so/neither/norbe动词/助动词/情态动 词主语”。如： John cant swim, neither can I.约翰不会游泳，我也不会。专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 考点过关 基础过关基础过关 句型转换1Our school is beautiful.(改为感叹句) _ _ our school is!2Diana made great success in her research because she put
13、 her effort into it. (改为简单句) Diana made great success in her research _ _ her effort.How beautiful becauseof专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 3The children have never done that before. (改为反意疑问句) The children have never done that before, _ _？4There are fifty students in our
14、class. (对画线部分提问) _ _ students are there in your class?5Chen Ping received an e-mail last Friday. (改为否定句) Chen Ping _ _ an e-mail last Friday. have they How many didnt receive 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) 中考透视中考透视 ( )1. 2013安安徽徽 _can you finish this English exam? In abo
15、ut one and a half hours. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How longC 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()2. 2013温州温州 Its Fathers Day，_？ Yes. Lets buy a gift for Dad. A. isnt it B. doesnt it C. isnt he D. doesnt he A 解解析析根据反意疑问句的句式结构“前肯后否”和上半句的主语it可知正确答案为A。 专题专题1212 简单句
16、简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()3. 2013雅雅安安 _ lovely the squirrel is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How aB 解解析析感叹句有两种基本句式：“How形容词/副词(主语谓语)！”和“What(a/an)形容词单数可数名词(主语谓语)！”lovely是形容词，所以选B。 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()4. 2012永州永州 _ get off the bus before
17、 it stops. ADont BDoesnt CDidnt DHadnt()5. 2012济济宁宁 Peter doesnt know many people here. _ ASo do I BSo am I CNeither am I DNeither do I AD专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()1. I dont think she will pass the exam, _？ Awont she Bwill she Cdoes she Ddoesnt()2. Mr Wangs never
18、been to Canada, has he? _. He went there on business last week. ANo, he hasnt BYes, he has CNo, he has DYes, he hasntB 语法专练 B 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()3. Dont make so much noise, Lily, _？ Ado you Bdont you Cwill you Dwont you()4. Youve just finished your listenin
19、g exam. Please get yourself ready for the next part, _？ Ashall we Bwill you Cdo you Dare youCB解析解析祈使句的反意疑问句应用“will you？”。 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()5. 2013安安顺顺 Tom，_ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best one. Adont Bnot Cnot be Ddont be( )6. 2013
20、威威海海 _are you leaving for Beijing? In a couple of days. AHow far BHow often CHow soon DHow long()7. There is nothing else to do, _？ No, there isnt. We can have a rest. Ais there Bisnt there Cis it Disnt itDC A 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ( )8. 2013宜宜 宾宾 Sam didnt go t
21、o school yesterday, did he? _. He was ill yesterday. AYes, he did BNo, he did CNo, he didnt DYes, he didnt()9. There are more and more foreigners learning Chinese, _？ Aare there Barent there Care they Darent theyC B 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()10. 2013兰州兰州 He hasnt
22、watched the movie So Young, has he? _. He told me its very moving and interesting. Hed like to watch it again. AYes, he has BYes, he hasnt CNo, he hasnt DNo, he has()11. Nothing is more important than life，_？ Ais it Bisnt it Care they Darent they()12. _afraid of making mistakes. Failure is the mothe
23、r of success. Thanks for encouraging me. ADont BDont be CNot be DBe notAAB专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()13. Boys and girls，_ your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp. Aputting Bto put Cput up Dput()14. _this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try
24、 BTrying CTry DTried()15. _ here on time next time, or youll be punished. Sorry for being late again. ABe B. Being CTo be D. BeenCCA专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()16. _， because its bad for your health. ADont to eat too much B. No eat too much CNever eat too much D. Ne
25、ver eating too much()17. _ late for school again, Tom. Sorry, I promise that I _. ADont; wont BDont be; wont CDont be; dont DDont; willC B 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ( )18. 2013兰兰州州 _ bowl of mutton soup would you like? A big bowl, please. AWhat size BWhat big CHow m
26、uch DHow size()19. 2013济南济南 Jenny, I need some milk. OK, Mum._ do you need? AHow much BHow many CHow often DHow longAA专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()20. 2013济南济南 Do you like summer or winter? _. I really like the snow. AYes, I do BNo, I dont CSummer DWinter()21. _did y
27、ou receive the letter? Just now. AWhat BWhen CWhere DWhy()22. _？ The one on the stage. AWho are boys BWheres the boy CWhos that boy DWhich boyD B D 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()23. Have you watered the trees? _.Im too busy and forget it. AYes, I did BYes, I have CNo,
28、 I didnt DNo, I havent()24. _ wonderful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him. AWhat a BWhat CHow DHow aD A 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()25. 2013安顺安顺 _ good time they had last weekend! AHow BWhat CWhat a DHow a()26. 2013广东广东 Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for
29、 Literature last year. _ excellent he is! AHow BWhat C. What a DWhat anCA解解析析 what后面的中心词是名词， how后面的中心词是形容词或副词，又因have a good time是固定结构。故选C。 解解析析 how强调形容词，what强调名词，由形容词excellent可知用how强调。故选A。 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()27. 2012广东广东 _exciting it is to swim in the sea w
30、hile it is hot! AHow BWhat CHow an DWhat an()28. Look, _ dirty the water is! Yes, we should really take some actions to deal with it. A. what a Bwhat Chow Dhow a()29. _ we made the snowman last Sunday! AWhat a great fun BWhat great fun CHow a great fun DHow great funA C B 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句
31、、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()30. Two _ died in the accident. _ terrible it is! Apolicemen; How Bpoliceman; What Cpolice; What Dpolicemans; How()31. Dad, do you like my picture? _！ Its the nicest one Ive ever seen! AWhat beautiful B. How careful CHow wonderful D. What wonderful picture()32. I h
32、ave changed my job. _. ASo do I BSo have I CSo I do DSo I haveA C B 专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()33. Tom had got high marks in the last exam. _， and so did I. ASo he had BSo had he CSo he did DSo did he()34. If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so _ I. Ad
33、o Bam Cwill DshouldAC解解析析用“so 主语be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示同意对方的看法，意为“是的，的确”。专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()35. Hey, Nick. _ comes the last bus! Hurry up, or well have to walk home. AThis BThere CThat DIt()36. John cant swim, _ I. Aso can Bnor can Cneither cant Dso do BB解解析析以here
34、/there开头的句子通常完全倒装。故选B。 解解析析说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“so/neither/norbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语”。专题专题1212 简单句简单句( (陈述句、疑问陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句) ) ()37. Would you like to go fishing? If Li Ping doesnt go, _. Aso do I Bneither I do Cneither do I Dneither will I ()38. Only by taking more exercise _ keep healthy. Acan you Byou can Care you Dyou areD A
