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1、InternetWilliam F. Slater, IIIChicago Chapter of the Internet SocietySeptember 2002AgendaInternet HistoryInternet 演变Internet PioneersInternet 成长史 Sept. 1969 Sept. 2002推论19世纪的网络19世纪的网络情况1840 年 发明了电话信号通过线路在远距离中传输在美国南北战争中， 1861 1865，用户得到极大发展Famous Quote From Sir Isaac Newton牛顿名言：如果我说我站的更高，是因为我站在巨人的肩膀上面
2、What Is the Internet?A network of networks, joining many government, university and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, 公告, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resourcesThe vast collection of computer networks which form
3、 and act as a single huge network for transport of data and messages across distances which can be anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the world.Written by William F. Slater, III1996President of the Chicago Chapter of the Internet SocietyCopyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL,
4、USAThe largest network of networks in the world.使用使用 TCP/IP 协议。协议。What is the Internet?From Dr. Vinton Cerf, Co-Creator of TCP/IPBrief History of the Internet1968 - DARPA (美国国防高级计划研究署 ) 1970 - First five nodes: 加州大学洛杉矶分校 斯坦福大学 加州大学圣巴巴拉分校 犹他大学 , and BBN1974 - TCP specification by Vint Cerf1984 On Jan
5、uary 1, 1000个节点使用TCP/IP 协议传递消息。* Internet History *A Brief Summary of the Evolution of the Internet19451995Memex Conceived1945WWWCreated1989MosaicCreated1993A MathematicalTheory of Communication1948Packet Switching Invented1964SiliconChip1958First Vast ComputerNetworkEnvisioned1962ARPANET1969TCP/IPC
6、reated1972InternetNamed and Goes TCP/IP1984HypertextInvented1965Age ofeCommerceBegins1995Copyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USAFrom Simple, But Significant Ideas Bigger Ones Grow1940s to 196919451969We can access information using electronic computersWe do it reliably with “bits”,
7、sending and receiving dataWe can do it cheaply by using Digital circuits etched in silicon.We can accomplish a lot by having a vast network of computers to use foraccessing information and exchanging ideasWe will prove that packet switching works over a WAN.Packet switching can be used to send digit
8、ized data though computer networksHypertext can be used to allow rapid access to text dataCopyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USAFrom Simple, But Significant Ideas Bigger Ones Grow1970s to 199519701995Ideas from1940s to 1969We need a protocol for Efficient and Reliable transmission
9、ofPackets over a WAN: TCP/IPThe ARPANET needs to convert to a standard protocol and be renamed to The InternetComputers connected via the Internet can be used more easily if hypertext links are enabled using HTML and URLs: its called World Wide WebThe World Wide Web is easier to use if we have a bro
10、wser thatTo browser web pages, running in a graphical user interface context.Great efficiencies can be accomplished if we useThe Internet and the World Wide Web to conduct business. Copyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USAThe Creation of the InternetThe creation of the Internet solve
11、d the following challenges:Basically inventing digital networking as we know itSurvivability of an infrastructure to send / receive high-speed electronic messagesReliability of computer messagingCopyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USATribute to the Internet PioneersThe Internet we k
12、now and love today, would not exist without the hard work of a lot of bright people.The technologies and standards they created make todays Internet and World Wide Web possible.They deserve recognition and our gratitude for changing the world with the Internet.In this presentation, we will identify
13、and pay tribute to several of the people who made the Internet and the World Wide Web possibleInternet Pioneers in this PresentationVannevar BushClaude ShannonJ. C. R. LickliderPaul BaranTed NelsonLeonard KleinrockLawrence RobertsSteve CrockerJon PostelVinton CerfRobert KahnChristian HuitemaBrian Ca
14、rpenterTim Berners-LeeMark AndreesenInternet Growth TrendsInternet Growth Trends1977: 111 hosts on Internet1981: 213 hosts1983: 562 hosts1984: 1,000 hosts1986: 5,000 hosts1987: 10,000 hosts1989: 100,000 hosts1992: 1,000,000 hosts2001: 150 175 million hosts2002: over 200 million hostsBy 2010, about 8
15、0% of the planet will be on the Internet No. of Participating HostsOct. 90 - Apr. 98March 2001Over 115 Million Hosts(As of Jan. 2001)Over 407 Million Users(As of Nov. 2000)218 of 246 Countries(As of Jan. 2000)About 100 TB of Data 31 Million Domain NamesDr. Vint Cerf presents in Chicagoat the Drake H
16、otel on March 2001The event was a fund-raiser for the ITRCDigital Photo March 2001 by William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USABy September 2002The Internet Reached TwoImportant Milestones:N from TelcordiaThe Internet was not known as The Internet until January 1984, at which timethere were 1000 host
17、s that were all converted over to using TCP/IP.Chart by William F. Slater, IIISept. 1, 2002Dot-Com Bust BeginsCopyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USAThe Internet Host Count in Realtime on September 1, 2002 - Over 204,000,000 IP Hosts!Chart showing Internet Growth from Sept. 1, 2001
18、to Sept. 1, 2002. Source NDomain Name RegistrationJan. 89 - Jul. 97April 2001: 31,000,000 Domain Names!Statistics from the IITF Report The Emerging Digital Economy *To get a market of 50 Million People Participating:Radio took 38 years TV took 13 yearsOnce it was open to the General Public, The Inte
19、rnet made to the 50 million person audience mark in just 4 years!http:/www.ecommerce.gov/emerging.htmReleased on April 15, 1998* Delivered to the President and the U.S. Public on April 15, 1998 by Bill Daley, Secretary of Commerce and Chairman of the Information Infrastructure Task ForceSources of S
20、tatistical InformationN from TelcordiaCAIDA Network Wizards Internet Domain Survey RIPE Internet Statistics Matrix Information and Directory Services Growth of the World Wide Web The Netcraft Web Server Survey Internet Surveys The Internet Society URLs are underneath!For More Information, Please Contact:William F. Slater, IIIisoc-chicago.org773-235-3080
