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1、The ing-form used as adverbial1o现在分词作状语有四种形式现在分词作状语有四种形式o1.一般形式，由动词原形一般形式，由动词原形ing构成构成o2.完成形式，由完成形式，由having+过去分词过去分词o3.进行被动式：由进行被动式：由being过去分词过去分词o4.完成被动式：由完成被动式：由having been过去过去分词构成分词构成o现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面前面加加not (never)21.现在分词何时用一般形式现在分词何时用一般形式?o当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且和谓
2、语动词同时发生，则用分词的一和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一般形式般形式oHe was ill and didnt attend the meeting.o=Being ill, he didnt attend the meeting.3o如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作作,这动作一发生这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立谓语表示的动作立即发生即发生,也用分词的一般形式也用分词的一般形式. oHearing the news, they all jumped with joy.42.现在分词何时用完成形式？现在分词何时用完成形式？o当分词的动作是由主语发出，而当分词的动
3、作是由主语发出，而且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分词的完成形式词的完成形式oHaving finished the class, she went home.o=After she finished the class53.现在分词何时用进行被动式？现在分词何时用进行被动式？o当分词的动作由主语承受，而且当分词的动作由主语承受，而且分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生时时oBeing criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.64.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？现在分词何时用完
4、成的被动式？ 当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，且分词表示的的动作之前发生，且分词表示的动作由主语承受动作由主语承受Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.7现在分词作状语相当于状语从现在分词作状语相当于状语从句可表时间，原因，方式，伴句可表时间，原因，方式，伴随情况，结果或条件等随情况，结果或条件等8(1)相当于原因状语从句相当于原因状语从句oa. Being ill, she didnt g to school today.o =As she is ill, ob. Having seen
5、the film ,he didnt go to the cinema with them.o=Because he had seen the film ,9o Turning around (=When she turned around), she saw an ambulance driving up.（2）相当于时间状语从句）相当于时间状语从句10(3)表示行为方式，伴随情况或表示行为方式，伴随情况或补充说明等补充说明等o The students went away, running and laughing.11(4)表示结果表示结果oa. The old man died, le
6、aving nothing but debts.ob. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.12(5)表示条件表示条件 If playing all day ,you will waste your valuable time. 13o注意注意1：不是每个状语从句都能用：不是每个状语从句都能用分词替换分词替换o只有当分词的逻辑主语是句子只有当分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，才能用分词替换的主语时，才能用分词替换14oWe are sitting here, making notes. make的动作
7、由主语我们的动作由主语我们发出发出oBeing scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由的动作由the boy承受承受15o注意注意2：如果分词和句子没有如果分词和句子没有逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能用逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能用单个的分词作状语，可以用分单个的分词作状语，可以用分词的独立主格结构或状语从句词的独立主格结构或状语从句16o现在分词的独立结构为名词或代现在分词的独立结构为名词或代词分词，名词或代词是分词的词分词，名词或代词是分词的逻辑主语逻辑主语oTime permitting, Ill call on you t
8、his Sunday.oHe entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.17o分词作状语时分词作状语时,在少数情况下在少数情况下,其逻辑其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用来分词用来修饰全句修饰全句o Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province. o=If we judge18oGenerally speaking, every spy has a contact.oConsidering his age, he was help
9、ed by the young fellow.191.The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president.A.To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing B.2.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.C.Making B. makes C. made D. to makeB现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果
10、状语A 现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语高考链接203. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointingA现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语214. _ a reply, he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received C现在分
11、词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语作原因状语22 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错单句改错2324Thank you!25
