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1、. E*planation of nouns 1. Landscape poetry: refers to the poetry whose main description object is natural scenery, especially mountains and rivers. 2. Yongming Style: During Qi Yongming (the title of Emperor Wu of Qi, 483-493 AD), Zhou Qing, based on and simulating the pronunciation of Buddhist scri
2、ptures, defined Chinese characters as four tones (flat, up, going, entering), and wrote The Four Tones Cut the Rhyme (the book is gone). Then, Shen Yue and others studied the coordination of sound, rhyme and tone in verses according to four tones and two tones, and put forward the idea of eight dise
3、ases that should be avoided in the rhythm of poetry. Combined with the skills of antithesis, diction, allusion and carving in poetry since Jian an, they created a new style of poetry. Because it was born in Yongming years, it is called Yongming body. It laid the foundation for the formation of metri
4、cal poetry, and was the bridge from ancient style to near style. 3. Palace-style poetry: From the late Liang Dynasty to the Chen Dynasty (531589), a kind of elegant and tender poetry style was popular in the poetry world, especially in the nobility, the court and the Chinese society, and it was call
5、ed Palace-style. This kind of poem focuses on depicting womens physical appearance and life, and its style is beautiful and light. The name of Gongti began when *iao Gang of Liang Jian Wendi was the prince, and Gongti was the East Palace where the prince lived. The Chronicles of Liang Shu Jian Wendi
6、 contains *iao Gangs own words: I have a penchant for poetry at the age of seven, and I am long and tireless. However, it is given to contempt, and the time number is palace body. 4. Han Fu: Han Fu can be divided into big Fu and small Fu. Fu writes more about the splendor of palace gardens to boast
7、about the e*travagant life of emperors; After spreading the rhetoric, a tail of admonition is often added at the end of the article, which is long in length and magnificent in scale, and many of them are giant systems with a length of more than a thousand words; Adopting the form of multi-subject-ob
8、ject question and answer, the verse and prose are mi*ed with each other, and the rhetoric is magnificent, and the uncommon words are used to show elegance and elegance; The sentence patterns are informal, mainly four words and si* words, but also three words, five words, seven words, or even more th
9、an ten words. Appropriate related words are often chosen between paragraphs as the following mechanism. *iao Fu is mostly lyrical works, short in length, elegant in literary style, satirizing current events and lyrical in chanting things. . 5. Seven Styles: Qifa has a large length, elaborate descrip
10、tions, rich rhetoric, many metaphors and reduplications, and the form of subject-object question and answer is the symbol of the formal formation of Han Fu. Since then, this seven-section structure system has caused many later writers to imitate it, and formed a special style in Fu-style literature,
11、 named Seven Styles. 6. Four History: Hanshu, also known as Pre-Hanshu, is a famous book in the official history of China, which is called Four History alongside Historical Records, Later Hanshu and Records of the Three Kingdoms. 7. Records of the Historian: Records of the Historian recorded a histo
12、ry of about 3,000 years from the Yellow Emperor to the early years of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty. It is divided into twelve biographies, ten tables, eight books, thirty families and seventy biographies, with a total of 130 articles. These five different styles, which cooperate with each other a
13、nd complement each other, constitute the whole structure of Shiji. 8. Yuefu Poem: Yuefu was originally the name of the music official office of the Western Han Dynasty-that is, the music management department, and the chief e*ecutive was Yuefu Decree. Later, people called the songs and poems collect
14、ed, compiled and preserved by Yuefu authorities Yuefu poems or Yuefu lyrics, and those ballads collected from the folk were called Yuefu folk songs. 9. Ancient Poems: Ancient Poems are called as the lyrics of Yuefu in the Han Dynasty, and refer to the five-character poems of anonymous poets in the H
15、an Dynasty. There are still 46 complete ancient poems in e*istence today. According to the te*tual research of ancient and modern scholars, these poems are similar in content and style, and mostly originated from the hands of the lower-level scholars at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. They are a
16、lready mature five-character poems of literati. Among these ancient poems, Nineteen Ancient Poems is the highest achievement that can best represent the achievements of five-character poems of Han literati. 10. Nineteen Ancient Poems: It was first seen in Selected Works compiled by *iao Tong of Lian
17、g Dynasty. He selected and compiled nineteen five-character ancient poems that had lost their main names, and the title was Nineteen Ancient Poems. It was a work of the middle and lower class intellectuals in the Huan and Ling Dynasties of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and its content mainly reflected th
18、eir thoughts, feelings and life e*periences. This group of poems has a simple and far-reaching style, simple and natural language, profound lyrical twists and turns, and sad feelings. It has . initially laid the foundation of Chinese five-character poetry and has an important position in the history
19、 of literature. 1. Jian an style: Jian an style is the unity of thoughts, feelings and artistic e*pression. Jian an writers e*perienced the turmoil in the late Han Dynasty and tasted the hardships of the current situation. They directly inherited the realistic spirit of the folk songs of Han Yuefu,
20、Feeling sad and happy, but being born out of things, which truly reflected the social disorder at that time, e*pressed their feelings of hurting the chaos and longing for national unity, and stirred up a high-spirited and vigorous spirit in the bitter tone. Lyric, artistic conception grand, clear st
21、yle, forming a sad generous, vigorous and powerful style. Later generations called this new literary style Jian an style of character. 12. Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest: Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Shan Tao, *iang *iu, Ruan *ian, Wang Rong and Liu Ling. They were in the dark period of Wei-Jin dynasties, advoca
22、ting Zhuang-zi, despising ethical codes, indulging in drinking and being willful, and e*pressing their love for mountains and rivers. They once lived in seclusion in Shanyang, often gathered in the bamboo forest, talked about metaphysics and reasoning, drank and wrote poems, played the zither and pl
23、ayed the piano, and were unrestrained. They were friendly with each other and swam in the bamboo forest and were named Seven Sages. Its name first appeared in Shi Shuo *in Yu Ren Dan. Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest is actually a group of celebrities. Among the seven sages, Ruan Ji and Ji Kang are the
24、only ones who can truly represent the highest achievements of Zhengshi literature. 13. Taikangti: The so-called Taikangti is roughly as Liu *ie said: Learning from the beginning, being soft in Jian an (Literary Mind, Carving a Dragon and Ming Poetry), and the system of physical feelings is sparse, a
25、nd the articles written by each article are prosperous (Sentiment). That is to say, poetry creation mostly pursues the beauty of form, but its content is poorer and weaker than Jian an and Zhengshi, and its vitality and intensity are weaker than Jian an and Zhengshi. From a positive point of view, T
26、aikang poets pursuit of gorgeous form can be said to be a manifestation of more conscious literature, but its shortcoming is that they fail to properly handle the relationship between literary form and content. 14. Pastoral poetry: This is a new theme added by Tao Yuanming to Chinese literature. It
27、takes his pastoral life as the content and truly writes about the joys and sorrows of hard work. Pastoral poetry mainly describes rural scenery, and the main body is about rural life, farmers and farming. . 15. Metaphysical Poems: In Yongjia, metaphysical talk was very popular. After crossing the so
28、uth, the power increased. In order to escape the painful reality psychologically, scholars generally put their enthusiasm into the field of philosophy, which had a serious impact on literature. They generally used abstract language to talk about philosophy, which made literature become the sacrifice
29、 of metaphysics and dull. These poems devoted to Laozi and Zhuangzis philosophy are called metaphysical poems, and their most important representatives are Sun Chuo and *u *un. 16. Chanting the History: With Chanting History as the title of the poem, it started from Ban Gu in the Eastern Han Dynasty
30、. Cao Shis poems are all dedicated to one thing, but not to history. However, Zuo Sis eight poems History have created a new way to learn from history, which has become an e*ample for later poets to follow. This is his unique contribution to the history of Chinese poetry. Therefore, predecessors com
31、mented that creation is an organic whole, and it will last forever. 17. Poems of Remembrance: Ruan Jis literary achievements are mainly Poems of Remembrance, including 82 five-character poems and 13 four-character poems. These poems reflect his political thoughts, attitude towards life, especially h
32、is repeated thinking about life problems. Ruan Ji completely got rid of the imitation of folk songs, introduced a profound philosophical approach to poetry, and skillfully combined it with a series of artistic images, which made the poetry present a very broad vision and contained a very deep connot
33、ation. In terms of means of e*pression, it often symbolizes moral meaning, forming the characteristics of being at arms length and flickering twists and turns, and inducing people to repeatedly appreciate and think. It can be said that the lyric poetry in ancient China has obviously become thick and
34、 heavy when it comes to Poems of Remembrance. This form of e*pressing deep psychological emotions by composing poems is also valued by later generations. 18. Pan Lu: refers to Pan Yue and Lu Ji, both of whom are the representatives of the Western Jin poetry circle. The so-called Taikang poetry style
35、 refers to the western Jin poetry style represented by Lu and Pan. Lu Ji, whose name is Shiheng, is known as Lu Pingyuan in the world. He is a famous literary theorist. His poems emphasize rhetoric and antithesis, creating the literary atmosphere of the Si* Dynasties, including Collection of Lu Shih
36、eng. Pan, whose name is Anren, was compiled by the Ming Dynasty with Pan Huangmen Collection. His poems are flowery and lyrical. 9. Big and small thanks: *ie Lingyun and *ie Tiao. *ie Lingyun, known as *ie Kangle in the world, the hero of Yuanjia, was the first writer who described landscapes vigoro
37、usly, and was the originator of landscape poetry. He described the natural . scenery in great detail, and got rid of the romantic atmosphere of metaphysical poetry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, including *ie Kangle Collection. *ie Tiao, whose name is *uan Hui, is the most outstanding poet in Qi and Li
38、ang Dynasties. He is known as the first outstanding poet in Qi and Liang Dynasties and the hero of Yong Ming. He is good at writing landscape poems with a natural and elegant style, including *ie *uancheng Collection. Both of them are good at landscape poetry, and they are of the same clan, so later
39、 generations are called Da*ie *ie. 20. Four Masters of Han Fu:Sima *iangru、扬雄、班固、张衡. The four masters of Han Fu marked the maturity of the content and style of Da Fu. His typical representative works: Sima *iangru: Zi*u Fu and Shanglin Fu, which are the best, most far-reaching and e*emplary works in
40、 Han Fu. There are also Fu for Adults, Fu for Ai II, Fu for Changmen and Fu for Beauty. Yang *iong: Hedong Fu, Feather Hunting Fu, Changyang Fu and Ganquan Fu, known as the Four Great Fu in the world. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Pu compiled the Collection of Assistant Ministers Yang, which was includ
41、ed in the Collection of 130 Collections of Han, Wei and Si* Dynasties. Ban Gu: Two Dufu is famous all over the world. It is divided into West Dufu and East Dufu, and the author of Ban Lan Tai Ji. Zhang Heng: The most famous prose poems are *ijing Fu and Tokyo Fu. There are Si *uan Fu and Gui Tian Fu
42、. Zhang Pu, a native of Ming Dynasty, compiled Collection of Zhang Hejian, which was included in Collection of 130 Collection of Han, Wei and Si* Dynasties. Appreciation of ancient poetry Yu Yu Jian di song This poem, with its vivid image, fully reveals the root of talent repression, and strongly ca
43、stigates the decadent gate system at that time. The first floor: (the pine at the bottom of a gloomy river-a hundred feet of shade), this floor reveals the unreasonable situation in nature by comparing pine with seedlings. This description of unreasonable natural phenomena has accumulated sufficient
44、 momentum for the following positive comments. The second layer (the highest position in the world-the origin is not once-this layer is linked with the unreasonable phenomena in nature and the . unreasonable system in the society, revealing the reality that the gentry are clumsy but high, while the
45、poor are high and humble, and pointing out that this decadent gate system has e*isted since ancient times and has a long history. ) The first layer is Bi*ing, and this layer is straightforward. It clearly e*poses and castigates Bi*ing of the previous layer. The third layer (Jin Zhangs old business-t
46、he white head is not looked up) is a history-chanting layer, and the unreasonable phenomena in history are used to print the previous arguments. This poem, through the strong contrast between Song and Miao, e*poses and castigates the suppression and destruction of talents by the e*tremely unreasonab
47、le gate system in the Western Jin Dynasty, and e*presses its strong grievances and indignation. Appreciation of Climbing to the Pool and Upstairs This is one of *ie Lingyuns representative works, and it is a masterpiece that has been widely read for a long time. It mainly writes about what poets saw
48、 and felt when they climbed the stairs after a long illness. The first part (subtle and charming posture-unwilling to return farmland) describes his life and contradictory mood as the governor of Yongjia, and also his complicated mood before he went upstairs to the pool. The second part (respecting
49、Lu and opposing the poor sea-changing garden willows into songbirds). Write about what you saw when you went upstairs after your illness. The couplet Spring grass grows in the pond, and birds grow in the willows in the garden is a famous sentence praised by the poetry critics. There is an interestin
50、g legend about it. This legend can be found in Shipin and *ies Family Record: Every pair of recreation benefits, and they get good words. After Yongjia *itang, I thought poetry could not be said. When I suddenly saw Huilian in my sleep, it became spring grass grows in the pond. Therefore, taste the
51、cloud: this language has the help of God. I dont have it. First of all, it is wonderful in the blending of scenes. Through the vivid description of the beautiful spring scenery. E*press your concern about the new recovery from a long illness and the sudden spring. . Song Kes Learning Poetry: Learnin
52、g poetry is like learning to meditate. How many links have there been since ancient times? The sentence Spring Grass Pond has been passed down so far. Jin Yuanwei asked On Poems: The spring grass in the pond is *ie Jiachun, and the five characters are new forever. Secondly, from the perspective of a
53、rtistic e*pression, it is ingenious and natural. It is universally acknowledged that the beauty of poetry lies in nature. Biography of Yan Yanzhi in Song Book quoted Bao Zhaoyu as saying that *ie Shi is naturally lovely, such as the fledgling lotus. The beauty of this couplet is that it comes natura
54、lly without any decorations or allusions. Although it is antithetical and shows no trace, the e*ternal edition of Hu Yinglins Shi Qiu says that it is spontaneous, so it calls itself strange. The third part: Qi Qis Song of Sorrow-No Boredom in Today. To write about the feeling of going upstairs is to
55、 e*press the feelings of longing for ones return. This poem uses a lot of antithesis, and it is relatively natural and neat, which shows that *ie Lingyun is quite skilled in the application of artistic skills in poetry creation. However, this poem is too elaborate, with obvious marks, and some sente
56、nces are difficult to understand. What is worth mentioning is the characteristics of *ie Lingyuns landscape poetry creation reflected in this poems landscape writing. *ie Lingyuns landscape poems are characterized by the objectivity of scenery writing. He is based on the real situation he e*perience
57、d during his visit, and objectively and e*quisitely depicts it with his own original vocabulary. Therefore, the characteristics of natural scenery presented in his works are objective and independent of the human environment, unlike Tao Qians, which integrates it with his own subjective feelings and
58、 integrates it with his own life. You cant eat a case. This poem is the si*th in Bao Zhaos Imitation of it is hard to go. It mainly e*presses the poets indignation that his talent is not met and his ambition is hard to be rewarded under the suppression of the gate system. This poem is a cynical work
59、. The center is to e*press the poets indignation that his talents are not met under the suppression of the gate system, and to highlight the stubborn character of the poet honest and frank. Its worth noting that although the poet vented his full grievances and anguish, he had sighed . helplessly for
60、 his own misfortune. However, judging from the style of the whole poem, he was sad but not depressed, disappointed but not depressed. He was free and easy in his depression, and showed injustice in his leisure. He had a bold and unrestrained style, which properly showed the poets mental state of unw
61、illing humiliation, self-respect and aloof. As Liu *izai said, it is a work of generosity, openness and talent (A Brief Introduction to Art). The most prominent feature of this poem is that it uses various e*pressive methods to e*press its feelings vividly. There are descriptions, arguments and narr
62、atives, and there is always a strong lyrical color in them. The alternate use of these techniques has successfully created a vivid image of a lyrical hero for readers, which has a strong artistic appeal. The language of this poem is vigorous and simple; Seven words are dominant, five words are mi*ed
63、, two sentences have one rhyme, and the rhyme is free. This kind of seven-character song style plays a very good role in e*pressing the poets feelings, and provides a successful e*perience for the development of the latter seven -character ancient poems. Cant sleep at night Sleeplessness in the Nigh
64、t is the first poem of the whole poem, which can be regarded as a prelude. In this poem, the poet outlines his melancholy image of loneliness and mi*ed feelings. The artistic style of Ruan Jis ode to the bosom is not only the embodiment of his personal aesthetic e*perience, but also the reflection o
65、f the life of the times. It contains profound charm, e*quisite artistic attainments and vivid artistic beauty, which is admirable. Seven mourning poems Lu *iang, the si*th ministers note on the Selected Works, said, Seven lamentations are pain and mourning, righteousness and mourning, feeling and mo
66、urning, resentment and mourning, sighing and mourning, and sour nose and mourning. This poem Seven Mourning Poems written by Wang Can is about the chaotic scene that the poet saw when he left Chang an and took refuge in Jingzhou, and his e*tremely sad mood. One of the biggest features of Seven Sad P
67、oems is truth. Chen Youming said, . Wang Zhongs poems are full of ups and downs but sincere. The truth of Seven Mourning Poems lies in its faithful recording of the true picture of the war and sincere e*pression of the poets true feelings. It doesnt have the slightest description and e*aggeration, n
68、or does it add any rhetoric and play. But only when it is true can this historical picture scroll make people cry and move their hearts. Fang Dongshu, a Qing Dynasty poet, commented, The Poems of Seven Mourning is desolate and sad, but only powerful and vigorous, and Chen Si is down by himself! Baip
69、ian White Horse Piece, also known as Ranger Piece, belongs to the lyrics of Zaqu Song Qi Se *ing, which is a poets work of imitating Yuefu. Guo Maoqians Poems of Yuefu: A white horse, see a white horse and write this song. People should make meritorious deeds, do their best to serve the country, and
70、 not be selfish. Therefore, the poems with the theme of White Horse in Yuefu poems are all works of talking about the frontier fortress and fighting for war. White Horse Pieces is an important work of Cao Zhi in his early period. This poem, with full enthusiasm, describes the outstanding martial art
71、s and heroic spirit of a ranger, and praises his spirit of sacrificing his life to serve the country and dying. It e*presses the poets lofty patriotic enthusiasm and great ambition to make contributions to the country. The first part (the white horse is decorated with gold fetters, and it flies nort
72、hwest. -A cunning beat an ape, and brave as a leopard. ) write the chivalrous heroes of the ranger. The second part (There are many police in the border town-ignoring death and returning home) describes the heroic spirit of Ranger against foreign aggression and shows his lofty spiritual world. To e*
73、press ones ambition by poetry. Although this poem is about a knight-errant hero, it is actually a portrayal of the poet himself. Zhu Gan said, This implies that you are a knight-errant, but its true. In the article, it is said that the loss of ones life is a national disaster, and ones death is like
74、 death, and . ones son has built his ambition, which is not a general statement. This is a narrative poem and a five-character poem. Cao Zhi used the techniques commonly used in Yuefu folk songs in his poems, which showed that he was good at absorbing nutrition from folk songs. This poem has another
75、 feature: it pays attention to refining words and sentences and using duality. For e*ample, a white horse adorns a golden fetter pays great attention to the beauty of sentences. And control string broken left, right hair push month. Hold your hands back and rub them, and bend over to spread your hor
76、seshoes. Clever than an ape, brave as a leopard. Triple antithesis, very neat, easy to read. Cao Zhis achievements in this respect have improved the artistry of poetry, but they have also created an atmosphere of carving words and phrases. Songlines As for the theme of this poem, Wu Jing, a Tang Dyn
77、asty native, said that it was saying things in time for pleasure (on the volume of E*plaining Ancient Poems of Yuefu), but it was ridiculed and translated by Zhang Yuming, a Qing Dynasty native, Why take it lightly. Zhang Yu*i believes that this sigh is fleeting, and if you want a talented person, y
78、ou can build Wang Yezhis poem early. (Appreciation of Ancient Poems, Volume 8). Chen Lings Poem Comparing *ing Jian said: This poem is the purpose of thinking about brave men in Han Gaozus Great Wind Song. Zhang and Chens understanding is in line with reality. In this poem, Cao Cao e*presses his eag
79、erness to seek talents because of his short life, fleeting time and unfulfilled achievements. It e*presses the poets ambition and broad mind to unify the world. The first floor: Be a song to wine, life geometry? Such as morning dew, its much harder to go to Japan. When generous, worry is unforgettab
80、le. Why worry, only Du Kang. This layer mainly laments the shortness of life to reveal the reasons for worrying. The second floor: Green flies, lingering in my heart. But for your sake, Ive been thinking about it so far. A group of deer, yo, ate the Mugwort in that yuan . ye. I have a guest, drum bl
81、owing sheng. This layer e*presses ones sincere yearning for talents and the welcome and attention of returning talents. The third floor: Its as bright as the moon, when can it stop? Worry comes from it and cannot be cut off. The more you cross the road, the more you waste it. Talk a lot, and remembe
82、r the old kindness. This layer of eight sentences emphasizes and refers to the above two layers of si*teen sentences. The fourth floor: The moon stars are rare, and black magpies fly south. Three turns around the tree, what branch can you rely on? The mountains are never too high, and the water is n
83、ever too deep. Zhou spit and feed, and the world returns. This layer is the end of the poem and the main idea of the poem. In the end, the poet hopes that the wise men will be good at choosing their branches and living, and quickly join themselves. At the same time, he shows his attitude of waiting
84、for the wise men wholeheartedly and his ideal ambition of returning to the heart of the world, which reveals the main theme of the poem. Wu Qi (Volume 5 of Selected Poems of Si* Dynasties) said it was pure pity. Zhong Rong said in Shipin: Cao Gong is ancient and straight, and has a sad sentence. Thi
85、s song Short Songs is characterized by ancient and straight and sadness. Shangsang Mo Shang Sang, also known as The Southeast Corner of Sunrise, is a folk narrative poem with comedy color. The demon child beautiful concubine, fill the yee room; Advocating the music of prostitutes is listed in the de
86、ep hall. (Biography of Zhong Changtong in the Later Han Dynasty) The whole poem is divided into three solutions. Jie is a paragraph of a movement, just like the chapter of the Book of Songs, and the Jian in the later Ci is the temporary pause of the melody. . Side description Walker see Luo Fu, bear
87、 stroke mustache; See Luo Fu, a teenager, with his hat off and his head bowed; The tiller forgets his plow, and the hoe forgets his hoe. Return to anger, but sit and watch Luo Fu . Instead of describing the beauty of Luo Fu positively, the author humorously reflects the beauty of Luo Fu through vari
88、ous people. From the artistic effect, this kind of nifty and e*aggerated side virtual writing is much better than the front real writing. Because Luo Fus beauty is not described in detail, the impression of Luo Fus beauty on readers is uncertain, which leaves room for imagination for the recipient t
89、o the greatest e*tent, thus creating an artistic blank, giving full play to the aesthetic association of the recipient, and making them overlap their previous e*perience of perception of womens beauty with Luo Fus present, thus creating a new beautiful image of Luo Fu. Luo Fu in the hearts of differ
90、ent recipients is different, but they are all vague and bright, perfect and vivid. Chen Youming said: When writing Luo Fu, you must write your appearance, so that you can stop talking about your clothes, but you dont have a word or its appearance. Those who especially look at Luo Fu describe it with
91、 all their heart, and the so-called imaginary writing is a wonderful hand. This kind of technique with virtual realism and side foil is the so-called technique of setting off clouds and supporting the moon. *iang Yu Ji Ji Sima Qian vividly demonstrated *iang Yus tragic heros life e*perience from the
92、 rise of folk dispatch troops against Qin Dynasty to the suicide of Wujiang River, vividly portrayed *iang Yus ideological character with profound internal contradictions, and successfully shaped *iang Yus image as a legendary hero with violent colors by describing a series of major political events
93、 and military struggles with unprecedented talent and critical pen force in the history of Chinese literature, with the basic materials of peasant uprising and Chu-Han war at the end of Qin Dynasty. The full te*t can be divided into si* parts. The first part: From the beginning to Pei Gong Jun Wan,
94、it is written that *iang Yu started his uprising in Wuzhong with *iang Liang, crossed the river and went west, *ue County called all the generals to make plans, established Chu Huaiyu Sun *in, and *iang Liang defeated Ding Tao and died. This is the . development stage of the uprising, with *iang Lia
95、ng as the central figure. The second part: Zhang Han has broken Liang Jun to Kengqin has killed more than 200,000 people in the south of *in an City. This part is mainly about the brilliant victory of Battle of Giant Deer. This is the most powerful period of the Chu army. The third part: from the tr
96、ip to the land of Qin, to the establishment of Cao Wushang, that is, the banquet of Hongmen. Write *iang Yu because Pei Gong has occupied Guanzhongs great anger and Pei Gongs apology to Hongmen. E*posed all kinds of weaknesses within the Chu army. This is an important reason why the Han army turned
97、defeat into victory. The fourth part: from living for a few days to *iang Wang often stays in the army, writing about *iang Yus killing of *ianyang in the west, sealing the kings, banishing the righteous emperor and betraying *iang Yu by the princes. The fifth part: from when it was time, the brothe
98、r of Lu Hou, Zhou Lu Hou, was a general of Han, who lived in *iayi to but led the soldiers to retreat and return to the east, it was written about the stalemate in the battle of Chenggao. In the middle, it was written that Liu Bang revived after being defeated by Pengcheng, and acted against each ot
99、her. *iang Yu threatened to cook Taigong, Liu Bang was injured, and the agreement was bounded by the gap. Part VI: From Han desire to return to the west to crying away. *iang Yu wrote that he was defeated and committed suicide on Wujiang River, ending the tragic life of the Chu overlord. The most ou
100、tstanding artistic achievement of The Chronicle of *iang Yu lies in the successful creation of *iang Yu, an epic tragic hero. In order to highlight the main personality characteristics of *iang Yu, based on a general description of *iang Yus life story, the author focuses on three major events: the
101、Battle of the Giant Deer, the Hongmen Banquet, and the siege of Gai *ia. The author is not only good at choosing the most typical events in a characters life to depict the characters image, but also good at showing the characters personality through detailed description. The author is also good at h
102、ighlighting the characters characters by means of contrast. As Ling Yueyan said in the Ming Dynasty: If a feather kills, it will be observed, and then a government will be subdued, Dont dare to get up; Kill Song Yi feather, all the . generals are awed, Dont dare to branch the road (resistance); Save
103、 the giant deer, governors dont dare to longitudinal soldiers; Qin Jun has been broken, and the princes are on their knees, Dont dare to look up. The more the potential is, the more people are afraid, and the ne*t four words Dont dare, while Yu was brave at that time. (Historical Records Commenting
104、on Forests) *iang Yu Ji also pays attention to rendering the environmental atmosphere. For e*ample, under the siege of Gai, *iang Yu sang elegies generously, and the beauty was harmonious. How strong the atmosphere was, and how solemn and stirring the scene was, he wrote about his heroic breakthroug
105、h, three victories over the enemy, and finally his sword, and how tragic, desolate and impassioned he was. This strong tragic atmosphere not only deepens the tragic color of the heros end, but also shows the authors infinite regret and sympathy for the tragic hero. Biographies of General Li The firs
106、t part (from the beginning of the article to The army did not know where it was, so it followed suit): It describes Li Guangs life e*perience when he was Emperor Wendi and Emperor Jingdi, highlighting his wit and bravery in fighting against the Huns when he was the governor of Shangjun. The second p
107、art (from Living for a long time to His shooting of beasts also hurts the clouds): Li Guangs e*perience as a border general during the period of frequent wars between Han and *iongnu, especially through a series of life details, he wrote about Li Guangs magnanimity in managing the army, being brave
108、and good at shooting, and loving his soldiers. The third part (from When I was young, I caught my pawn by the stone to Redemption for Shu Ren): It is written that Li Guang still struggled to fight against the Huns in his later years, but he couldnt fulfill his wishes, and finally committed suicide u
109、nder the pressure of Wei Qing, a noble relative. Part IV (Tai Shi Gong Yue to the end of the article): The author praises Li Guang for his honesty and faithfulness. Although he is not good at words, he is deeply loved by people. We name to this day Li, the great General, who lived long ago: Characte
110、ristics and Characterization of Li Guangs Image Li Guang is brilliant, chinese odyssey. Biographies of General Li is one of Sima Qians most diligent biographies in Historical Records. The author is full of admiration and admiration, focusing on Li Guangs life as an outstanding frontier general, maki
111、ng a detailed account and enthusiastic praise of Li . Guangs heroic wit, courage and good at fighting, his e*traordinary talent of riding and shooting, his love of soldiers, and his simple and honest character. He also poured deep sympathy for his unfortunate e*perience, but showed great dissatisfac
112、tion and indignation at the cronyism and meanness of feudal rulers. Methods: Grasping the characteristics of being talented and cruel, and trying to describe it. First, talent is high-flying general Li Guangs family generalship. 1. Li Guangs talent is first reflected in his martial arts, and the cha
113、racteristics of his martial arts are concentrated in riding and shooting. Li Guangshan shoot, and carry it out all the time. The whole te*t about Li Guangshan shoot is full of words, such as shooting vultures, shooting white horses, shooting chasing horses, shooting stones, shooting tigers, shooting
114、 long-term generals, etc. 2. Li Guang not only has superb success in riding and shooting, but also has outstanding strategy and courage. He is a brave and resourceful general. Its a must-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-sho
115、ot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-shoot-and-ride-and-ride-and-ride. Before-then dismounting from the saddle-further challenge, shooting the white horse general -and finally lying on the horse . 3. Sima Qian further portrayed Li Guangs indomitable loyalty and courage through the incident that Li Guang was c
116、aptured and fled home. 4. Li Guang is incorruptible and loves his soldiers. The end of the wide body, for more than two thousand stone forty years, the family has no surplus wealth, and will not say family things. Where there is no shortage of soldiers, seeing water, foot soldiers dont drink all the
117、 time, and they are not close to water; The foot soldiers dont eat, and they dont taste food. 5. Li Guangs personality is characterized by being resolute and open-minded. Second, the crime-the unfortunate fate of a generation of generals. Sima Qians writing about Li Guang has an obvious feature: on
118、the one hand, he warmly praises Li Guang as an unparalleled general, on the other hand, he writes about his frustration, which is the dark line. He profoundly writes about the unfortunate e*perience of Li Guangs life. . While appreciating Li Guangs talent, Emperor Wendi of the Han Dynasty sighed, Wh
119、en my son didnt meet him, now that he is a Gaudi, how can Wan Huhou do it? By the time of Emperor Wudi, he was still only proud and violent. Sima Qians e*posure and lashing of the Supreme Ruler Group reached its clima* by describing the death of Li Guang. Artistic features 1. Be good at tailoring. 2. Make good use of contrast techniques. 3. The application of detailed description, e*aggeration and other techniques is also very successful.
