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1、Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestarsLearningaboutLanguage1.LearnsomethingaboutNounClausesasthesubject.2.LearnhowtouseNounClausesasthesubject.3.Masterthegrammarthroughpractice.LearningaimsWhatpartdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence?Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.Youareastudent.Tofindyourwaycanbeap
2、roblem.Smokingisbadforyou.Leading-in “Howdoyoudo”isagreeting.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.We can see from these sentences that a sentenceservesassubject,sowecallitSubjectClause.1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1)Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whethe
3、rhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.注意语序的注意语序的变化变化SubjectClause主语从句主语从句2.引导主语从句的连接词有三类：引导主语从句的连接词有三类：(1)连词连词that,whetherWhetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.Whetherhellcomehereisntclear.Thatpriceswillgoupiscertain.Whatshedidisnotknownyet.Whowillwritethep
4、oemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.(2)连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等。等。(3)连接副词连接副词where,when,how,why等。等。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Howthepyramidswerebuiltisstillamystery.注意时态注意时态3.主语从句后置主语从句后置为了避免主语冗长为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句
5、子头重脚轻,经常用经常用it作形式作形式主语主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.3.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.Itsknowntoallthattheearthisround.Itscertainthatweshallbelate.A.It+be+形容词形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonde
6、rful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从从句。句。Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.B.It+be+名词词组名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。从句。Itsapitythatwecantgo.4.用用it作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构C.It+be+过去分词过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)
7、+that从句。从句。ItissaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.D.It+seems,happens等不及物动词及短语等不及物动词及短语+that从句。从句。IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.E.It+doesntmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句。代词或连接副词引导的主语从句。Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimport
8、ance.Whetherhellcomehereisnotclear.1.“if”不能引导位于句首的主语从句，应用不能引导位于句首的主语从句，应用“whether”引导。引导。3.主语从句的主语从句的“that”一般不能省略。一般不能省略。4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词引导主语从句时，谓语动词1)常与其后作表语的名词一致常与其后作表语的名词一致2)根据句子的语境而定根据句子的语境而定5.主语从句需注意的问题主语从句需注意的问题2.主语从句中用陈述语序。主语从句中用陈述语序。作表作表语语6.常见错误展示常见错误展示下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。下列各句均有一处错误，请改
9、正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshescomingornotdoesntmattermuch.Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。不能省略。if,whether都可表示都可表示“是否是否”,但但if不能引导位于不能引导位于句首的主语从句，它可以引导后置的主语从句。句首的主语从句，它可以引导后置的主语从句。Whether3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplan
10、tedhasnotbeendecided.that引导主语从句时无词义。引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示表示“教授所说的教授所说的”。将将will置于置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述语序。之后。主语从句要用陈述语序。What5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用时只能用whoever。主语从句表示单一概念时
11、，谓语要用单数形式。主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。Whoeverremains 7.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.8.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.has要改为要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。谓语要用复数形式。在在“Itisrequested/ordered/suggested+that从句从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动动词原形词原形”，should
12、可省略。可省略。have(should)make【高考链接高考链接】完成句子。完成句子。1.(2017北京高考北京高考)Everyyear,_ makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。whoever2.(2016北京高考北京高考)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork._youcandohelps.你们的支持对我们的工作很重要你们的支持对我们的工作很重要,无论你们做什么都无论你们做什么都会有所帮助。会有所帮助。W
13、hatever3.(2015北京高考北京高考)_weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.我们如何理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。我们如何理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。How4.(2015江苏高考江苏高考)_LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewontacceptit.中国伟大诗人李白的出生地大家都知道，但中国伟大诗人李白的出生地大家都知道，但是一些人不接受。是一些人不接受。Where5.(2013天津高考天津高考)_Iwanttotellyouisthedeeplov
14、eandrespectIhaveformyparents.我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和敬意。我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和敬意。What.用适当的连接词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。用适当的连接词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。1._hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.2._wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.3.Itisapity_wewontbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummerholidays.ThatWhether
15、/WherethatClassexercises4._sheiscomingornotdoesntmattertoomuch.5._hecamefromstillpuzzlesallofus.6.Ithappened_Isawhimyesterday.7.Itdoesnotmakeanydifferencetome_youdo.WhetherWherethatwhat8._wasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.9._theywillhavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.10.Itdoesntmatter_shelook
16、slike.WhoWhen/Where/Whetherwhat1.Whathemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.2.ThatisknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountrybelongingtotheFirstWorld.3.Itsknowntousallwhatwaterisaformofenergy.That.单句改错单句改错Whatthat4.Itworriedherabitwhatherhairwasturninggray.5.WhatIsayandthinkarenoneofyourbusiness.6.Thattheycansolvethequestionisstillunknown.thatisWhetherHomework1.FinishexerciseonP28.2.Finishtheexercisesonthepaper.3.Preview“Avisittothemoon”onP30.Lightcome,lightgo.来得容易，去得快。
