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1、IfIf条件句中虚拟语气的用法条件句中虚拟语气的用法a. a. ifif真实条件句真实条件句 表示条件是表示条件是真的或有真的或有可能实现的可能实现的, , 采用采用陈述语气陈述语气。b. b. ifif虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 表示条件是表示条件是虚拟的或虚拟的或几乎无法实现的几乎无法实现的, , 采用采用虚拟语气虚拟语气。 表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情，就用虚拟语气来表述情，就用虚拟语气来表述如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子如果我有一千万，我
2、就能买一栋房子. . ( ( 我有一千万吗？我有一千万吗？) )如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。( (我有翅膀吗我有翅膀吗？) ) if if 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句与与现在现在事实相反事实相反与与过去过去事实相反事实相反与与将来将来事实可能相反事实可能相反 if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句与与现现在在事事实相实相反的反的假设假设If+主语主语+ 动词的过动词的过去式去式（be动词一般用动词一般用were)主语主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形动词原形即：即：If+一般过去时一般过去时态态（be动词一
3、般用动词一般用were)If I were the schoolmaster , I would let the students get up a little later to get a better sleep.与与现在现在事实相反事实相反 if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句ifif虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句与与过过去去事事实相实相反的反的假设假设If+主语主语+had +动词动词的过去分词的过去分词即：即：If+过去完成时态过去完成时态主语主语 + would ( should / might / could )have doneIf he had got up earlier , he c
4、ould have caught the train. 与与过去过去事实相反事实相反 if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句ifif虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句与与将将来事来事实实相相反的反的假设假设1、If+主语主语+动词过动词过去式去式2、If+主语主语+were to+ 动词原形动词原形3、If+主语主语+should +动词原形动词原形主语主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形动词原形与将来事实相反与将来事实相反If it were/ should be fine tomorrow , I would go to see him.Exercise:1.如果我是
5、你的话如果我是你的话, ,我现在会用另一种方我现在会用另一种方法做那件事法做那件事. .If I were you, I would do it in another way.2. 我昨天要是有时间我昨天要是有时间, ,我就和你一起去那我就和你一起去那了了. .If I had had time yesterday, I would have gone there with you.4.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。5.如果没有虚拟语气（如果没有虚拟语气（subjunctive mood), 英语会更容易些。英语会更容易些。If you had c
6、ome a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be easier. 3. 如果明天下雨如果明天下雨, ,我们就不去野炊了我们就不去野炊了. .If it were to rain/ should rain/ rained tomorrow, we wouldnt go for a picnic.If the God _(give) meanother chance，I_ the girl three words: I love her! sho
7、uld /were to give/gave would tell如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句与与现在现在事实相事实相反的假反的假设设与与过去过去事实相事实相反的假反的假设设与与将来将来事实相事实相反的假反的假设设1、If+主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式2、If+主语主语+were to+ 动词动词原形原形3、If+主语主语+should +动词原动词原形形If+主语主语+ 动词的过去式动词的过去式（be动词一般用动词一般用were)主语主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原动词原形形即：即：If+一般过去时态一般过去时态（be动词一般用动词一般用were)If+主语主语+had +动词的过动词的过去分词去分词即：即：If+过去完成时态过去完成时态主语主语 + would ( should / might / could )have done主语主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原动词原形形注意以下问题：注意以下问题：1.1. 错综时间虚拟条件句错综时间虚拟条件句2.2. ( (ifif省略省略) ) 倒装虚拟条件句倒装虚拟条件句3. 3. 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句
