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1、Lesson13: Britannia Rues the WavesMain Points to Learn:I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. North Sea Oil Today Briatin has discovered 50 oil fields in the North Sea, with a reserve of 2.2 billion tons. Production began in the second half of 1975 and went up gradually. In 1976 production of crude o
2、il reached 52.8 milliom tons. It was estimated that by 1980 production would rise to about 110 million tons. By then Britain would become self-sufficient in oil.I. Additional Background Knowledge2. ShipsContainer ship 集装箱货轮网络释义a cargo ship designed to hold containerized cargoes; the weight of the do
3、cumentation of all the consignments on board a contemporary container .wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwnIn OOP supported languages, containership means an object is created within another object.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_ship_(computer_science)Container ships are cargo ships that carry all o
4、f their load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. .en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_shipContainer ship 集装箱货轮 Container ship 集装箱货轮Container ship 集装箱货轮Oil tanker 油轮Bulk carrier驳船/散装货轮Bulk carrier驳船/散装货轮机器翻译参考：散货船网络例句以下结果来自互联网We can manage some bulk carrier within
5、 two weeks. 我们可在两周内安排一些散装船去。There may is fair chance if you will not rule out the use of bulk carrier. 如您不排除使用散装船的话，也许有不少机会。a bulk buy; bulk mailing. 大批购买；大批邮寄。carrier telephone communication equipment 载波电话通信设备liquefied gas carrier transportation 液化气船运输网络释义Bulk carrier驳船/散装货轮1. 散货船 bulbous bow 球状船艏，
6、球鼻首.bulk carrier 散货船.bulk oil carrier 散装油轮 - 相关搜索2. 散装货轮 built-up area 已建区.bulk carrier 散装货轮.bund 堤 - 相关搜索3. 散装运送业 179 broker 经纪人.180 bulk carrier 散装运送业.181 bulk container 散装集装箱 - 相关搜索4. 散装货船 bulk carrier 散货船.bulk carrier 散装货船.bulk cement barge 散装水泥驳Bulk carrier驳船/散装货轮liner-freight vessel/liner ship
7、/liner 货运班轮 liner service 班船业务.liner ship 班轮.liner shipping Market 定期船市场网络例句以下结果来自互联网Ok, we can ship your goods by liner. 好的，我们可以用定期班轮运送你们的货物。The liner fell aboard of the cargo ship on account of the thick fog. 由于迷雾，定期客船和货轮相撞了。A great ocean liner. 一艘巨大的海轮The liner berthed at midday. 都乱七八糟就勃然大怒。The l
8、iner slowly lifted off. 班机慢慢起飞了。liner-freight vessel/liner ship货运班轮 3. Iron Curtain Countries 铁幕后的国家3. Iron Curtain Countries 铁幕后的国家People referred to the border that separated the Soviet Union and the communist countries of Eastern Europe from the Western European countries as the Iron Curtain. N-P
9、ROPER the NThe collapse of the Iron Curtain had immediate impact on the lives of everyone in Germany.when he travelled behind the Iron Curtain in the 1970s.People used to refer to the Soviet Union and its East European allies as the Iron Curtain countries.3. Iron Curtain Countries 铁幕后的国家网络释义an impen
10、etrable barrier to communication or information especially as imposed by rigid censorship and secrecy; used by Winston Churchill in 1946 .wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwnIron Curtain is a comedy musical about the Soviet Union, with music by Stephen Weiner, lyrics by Peter Mills, and a book by Sus
11、an DiLallo. The musical follows Murray and Howard, an unsuccessful musical writing team, as they attempt to write a great musical. However, all of their ideas are taken. .en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Curtain_(musical)The Iron Curtain is a 1948 black-and-white thriller film. The film was supposedly bas
12、ed on the memoirs of Igor Gouzenko. The film was directed by William Wellman with photography done on location in Ottawa, Canada by Charles G. Clarke. The film was later re-released as Behind the Iron Curtain.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Iron_Curtain_(film)Iron Curtain was a term used to describe the d
13、efensive line of Rangers F.C. during the late 1940s and early 1950s. .en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Curtain_(football)The Iron Curtain was the symbolic, ideological, and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.
14、 .en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Curtain3. Iron Curtain Countries 铁幕后的国家The dividing line between western Europe and the Soviet controlled regions, especially during the Cold Waren.wiktionary.org/wiki/Iron_CurtainA barrier made of iron in the theatre, lowered between the stage and the auditorium for saf
15、ety or to prevent communication; Any impenetrable barrieren.wiktionary.org/wiki/iron_curtainthe boundary between the Soviet bloc countries of Eastern Europe and the West European countries. The phrase was first used by British Prime .www-personal.arts.usyd.edu.au/sterobrt/hsty3080/3rdYr3080/Cuban/IN
16、DEX2.HTMLPhrase coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division between free and communist societies taking shape in Europe after 1946. (p. 659) The lions share4. The lions share:the whole thing or, now popularly, the biggest and best portion;the larger or the largest part, nearly all.狮子的份额The
17、phrase comes from Aesops Fable. Several beasts joined the lion in a hunt; but when the spoil was divided, the lion claimed one quarter in right of his prerogative,one for his superior courage, one for his dam and cubs, and as for the fourth ,let who will dispute it with me.Awed by his frown, the oth
18、er beasts silently withdrew.II. Effective Writing SkillsII. Effective Writing Skills: making effective use of specific adjectives III. Rhetorical DevicesIII. Rhetorical Devices: 1. antithesis 2. oxymoron 3. simile 4. ridicule IV. Special Difficulties IV. Special Difficulties 1. understanding some pr
19、oper names 2. paraphrasing some sentences 3. identifying figures of speech V. Questions V. Questions 1. According to the author Britain is handicapped in her attempts to counter the challenges of the developing world and the Soviet Union at an international level. What are these handicaps or problem
20、s? Does this tell us anything about the capitalist world? V. Questions2. How are the British shipping companies trying to meet the challenge? Are they confident that they can counter the challenge successfully? 3. Comment on the title of the article. What is the implied meaning?V. Questions4.How to
21、improve the present economic situation?(We must establish a new type of international economic relations featuring mutual benefit,mutual support and common development.As countries become increasingly closer in their relations, their economic interdependence and mutual support of relative advantages
22、 have grown all the more obvious. No country can afford to stand aloof from the international community and How to improve the present economic situation?isolate itself from the global market. The internationalization of economic life requires that all countries conduct extensive exchanges and co-op
23、eration in economics, technology, finance, trade and other fields open up to one another and discard protectionism and discriminatory trade policies.How to improve the present economic situation?To fight and eliminate poverty is a major task facing the world today. Developed countries should help th
24、e developing countries by providing capital, reducing or waiving debts, transferring technology and conducting trade on equal terms, with a view to revitalizing their economy and improving their peoples livelihood, This also serves the long-term interests of developed countries. The achievement of c
25、ommon economic growth and universal prosperity of all countries is the goal to which all of mankind should dedicate itself. )How to win over the market?5.How to win over the market?To develop economy and industry in To develop economy and industry in China, IT (information technology) is of China, I
26、T (information technology) is of primary importance, for which, it is the primary importance, for which, it is the basis and the tools by which you build basis and the tools by which you build systems that allow institutions to be systems that allow institutions to be efficient and globally competit
27、ive. Here efficient and globally competitive. Here are some terms related to Chinas economy are some terms related to Chinas economy : :Restructure of state-owned enterpriseRestructure of state-owned enterpriseHow to win over the market? transformation of state-owned enterprise Align industries/asse
28、tsMerge companiesDevelop hardware-based industryPioneer application software programBuild up scientific managing platformsConduct intellectual capitalProvide jobs for laid-off workersTake new price-regulating measuresCombat corruptionCrake down on the production terms related to Chinas economy terms
29、 related to Chinas economy Crake down on the production and sale of fake or poor quality commoditiesSet a good example in performing ones duty honestlyPersist in the system of provincial governors responsibility for the rice bagReduce losses and increase profitsBubble economyLess developed areasPill
30、ar industryKey enterpriseProcess materialsVarieties and designsUnwanted goodsBrand-name and quality products Specific Details I. BackgroundSpecific Details:I. Background A. British national traits: both gentleman (Roman) and pirate (Nordic)1. Gentleman (Roman/Latin influence): a. Legacy of Roman cul
31、ture: AD 43 Roman Conquest of Britain begun by Emperor Claudius. Civil Laws; Procedural Justice. Mechanisms of contracts and negotiations. b. Unique features of British feudalism: No serfs, but yeomen. No strict social classes as in other feudal societies of Europe. System of patronization. Long Pre
32、sence of Parliament (since 1265)Specific Details I. Backgroundc. Magna Carta (signed at Runnymede by King John in 1215 Jun 15)d. Reformation, not revolution: (only two exceptions: Peasants Revolt in 1381 and the Civil War in the 1640s): Glorious Revolution in 1688, passage of the Reform Bill in 1832
33、. Marxs prophecy not fulfilled.e. Liberty over democracy (check and balance, sharing of power) (Locke, Burke, Mill)f. Conservatism over radicalism (e.g. not until 1971 did Britain adopt the metric system)g. Pragmatism over idealism: reflected in its philosophy (empiricism and utilitarianism) and for
34、eign policy (another version of check and balance)Specific Details I. Background 2. Pirate (Nordic or Anglo-Saxon influence):a. Francis Drake and the pirate tradition: acquiring fortunes from Spanish plunder, encouraged by the Crownb. Slave trade (1564-1834) c. Opium War (1840)II. Grammar II. Gramma
35、r A. Vocabulary1. man-, -main- (=stay): remain, remains, remainder, permanent2. fact-, -fect-, fic-, -fit- (=do, make): deficit, deficient, factor, affect, efficient, proficiency, sufficient, suffice, benefit3. per- (=danger) perish, peril, perilous, imperil4.-vit- (=life), vital, vitamin, revitaliz
36、e A. Vocabulary5. -age (=state, cost, measurement, act v-n): tonnage, postage, wreckage, usage6. stitut- (=stand): institution, institutionalize, institute, constitute, constituency, prostitute, restitution, destitute, substitute7. establish: to start a company, organization, system, etc that is int
37、ended to exist or continue for a long time; to begin a relationship with someone or a situation that will continue; to find out facts that will prove that something is true; to make people accept that you can do something, or that you have a particular quality A. Vocabulary8. rupt (=break): bankrupt
38、cy, erupt, disrupt, corruption9. meter, -metr- (measure), perimeter, thermometer, speedometer, geometry, symmetry, metricsOther words and expressions: grab, headline, lifeline, success story, foreign exchange, merchant navy, permanent (permanence, eternal, lasting, transient, temporary, ephemeral),
39、elbow out, (stiff, severe, fierce) competition, undercut-lower (undersell, undermine), bent on, take over, have a stake, stake (n & v), cash in, shipping (air) lines, cutthroat, cartel (trust, monopoly), stand the test, dodge (dodgy), make a good killing-reap big profit, weather A. Vocabulary(v), sc
40、ramble (v & n), around the corner-very near, boom (n & v), quadruple (triple, double), charter (v & n), plummet (drop, fall, decline), mothball, tanker, slide,slump (n & v), bite, in the doldrums, pinch, agreed + n, spare parts, freight, plus (prep. n. conj & adj), buoy (buoyant, buoyancy), big (suc
41、cessful, popular), liner, run (journey), make inroads, status symbol-国家象征 a long way to-far away fromEuro RMBA. Vocabularybe out to do, throw in the towel-admit defeat, up-market (down-market), deep-sea, container, dock (port, quay), strike a severe/death blow, organized (concerted, coordinated), co
42、me into service, mercantile, the name of the game-the thing that really counts ,sterling-pounds, hydrographic, churn out, subsidy, along these lines, diversify, (diversification )多样化, perimeterAhead set afloat-launch euro dollar=USD RMBCultural diversification文化多元 grant cf. loanB. SyntaxB. Syntax1.
43、Prepositional phrase intensifierwell: well over 100 years; well before saving its fleetsIII. ContentIII. Content A. Paragraphs 1-3: the threat British merchant navy faces B. Paragraphs 4-8 the success story despite difficulties C. Paragraphs 9-26 the plight1. Paragraphs 9-14: general problems in the
44、 shipping industry2. Paragraphs 15-18 threat from the Third World3. Paragraphs 19-26 threat from the Iron Curtain countries D. Paragraphs 27-29: problems with domestic policiesIV. StyleStylistic features in post-war English writing: A. one-syllable words (Anglo-Saxon words instead of French /Latin /Greek words) used more often,B. idioms used more oftenC. less rigid, more colloquial.Practice in ClassWrite an English invitation letter according to the given information in100 words,时间：110届广交会 5月18-25摊位：琶洲馆1号1楼101-102号参展商：白象陶瓷 金银才总经理
