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1、The Object Clause 宾 语 从 句1谷风课件#一、学习目标：一、学习目标：1.了解宾语从句的含义。了解宾语从句的含义。2.了解宾语从句的基本种类。了解宾语从句的基本种类。3.掌握宾语从句的基本用法。掌握宾语从句的基本用法。二、学习重、难点：二、学习重、难点：重点：宾语从句的基本结构及用法。重点：宾语从句的基本结构及用法。难点：宾语从句的三要素难点：宾语从句的三要素连接词、连接词、语序和时态。语序和时态。2谷风课件#观察、比较、分析观察、比较、分析Id like you to meet him with me when he arrives 复合句中，作时间的状语是一个句子，这个
2、句子叫做复合句中，作时间的状语是一个句子，这个句子叫做时间状语从句时间状语从句。She feels very lonely because she has no friends to talk with复合句中，作原因的状语是一个句子，这个句子叫做复合句中，作原因的状语是一个句子，这个句子叫做原因状语从句原因状语从句。We may get a fine and even be in danger if we break the traffic rules复合句中，作条件的状语是一个句子，这个句子叫做复合句中，作条件的状语是一个句子，这个句子叫做条件状语从句条件状语从句。猜测：什么是宾语从句？3
3、谷风课件#什么是宾语从句？什么是宾语从句？试比较：试比较：We know him We know （that）he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o复合句中，作主句宾语的是一个句子，这个句子叫做复合句中，作主句宾语的是一个句子，这个句子叫做宾语从宾语从句句主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句宾语从句的结构：4谷风课件#句型：主句句型：主句连词连词宾语从句宾语从句Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.Iknow(that)heisfromCanada.Idontknowif/whetherJimi
4、sagoodstudent.Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?Doyouknowwhereshelives?Iwanttoknowhowoldyouare.Doyouknowhowmuchthebookis?5谷风课件#句型：主句句型：主句连词连词宾语从句宾语从句连词连词thatwhether/ifwhichwhowhomWhenWhereHowwhy6谷风课件#1.Heknew(that)he should study hard.由连词由连词that引导的宾语从引导的宾语从句，句，that 在口语中常省
5、略在口语中常省略主句主句连词连词宾语从句宾语从句7谷风课件#：连连 接接 词词宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素语语 序序时时 态态8谷风课件#（一）确定（一）确定宾语从句的宾语从句的语序语序句子的两种语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述句结构叫陈述语序陈述语序2疑问句结构叫疑问句结构叫疑问语序疑问语序宾语从句必须用宾语从句必须用 _陈述语序陈述语序There is a shop near here.Is there a shop near here?9谷风课件#When canhevisitus ?I dont knowwhenhecanvisitus.Whereisthebank ?I do
6、nt knowwherethebankis .10谷风课件#When didhevisitus ?Idontknowwhenhevisitedus.Whendoesheoftengetup?Idontknow whenheoftengetsup.Whendotheyoftengetup?Idontknow whentheyoftengetup.11谷风课件#练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework? There
7、is a bank near here. It is on Fifth Avenue. They are doing homework.12谷风课件# 4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park?6.Do we have to wear a uniform? She works in a hospital. You went to Center Park. We have to wear a uniform.We can wear hats in school 7.Can we wear hats in school?1
8、3谷风课件#8.Wheres your pen pal from? 9. Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas? Where your pen pal is from Where he livesWhat language she speaks Why you like pandas14谷风课件#二、确定引导词二、确定引导词/连接词连接词(根据从句句式根据从句句式)从从句句的的句句式式连连接词接词陈陈 述述 句句 that一般疑问句一般疑问句if (whether)特殊疑问句
9、特殊疑问句特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句肯定句肯定句to+动词原形动词原形否定句否定句not to+ 动词原形动词原形（也可以省略）（也可以省略）15谷风课件#（二）连接词二）连接词I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.that（ that可以省略）可以省略）eg：当陈述句充当宾语时，由当陈述句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接连接He said (that) he was very nervous.16谷风课件#练一练练一练1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome
10、.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow2.Shesays3.Tellyourfriend（that）17谷风课件#(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?(1) Is Jim a good student? I dont know I dont know if /whether Jim is a good student.当一般疑问句充当宾语时，当一般疑
11、问句充当宾语时， 由由_ 连接连接if/whethereg:18谷风课件#练一练练一练1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: :1.Do you know 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks 3.The teacher asks if/whether19谷风课件#注意：只能用
12、注意：只能用whether不不用用if的三种情况的三种情况一般情况下，一般情况下，if 和和whether可以互换，但以下可以互换，但以下3种种 情况只能用情况只能用whether：与与or not连用：连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming.在介词之后：在介词之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain.在不定式之前：在不定式之前： We havent decided whether to go there.20谷风课件#3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，当特殊疑问句充当宾语时， 由由 _ 连接连接Eg:
13、1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?2.Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词21谷风课件#练一练练一练1.What is this ?2.What are you doing ?3.Where do you live ?4.When does he get up ?5.How did you go to work?6.Who will you play with?用以下开头与下列句子连
14、成宾语从句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Canyoutellme22谷风课件#3.确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变（任何时态）时态保持不变（任何时态）一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时23谷风课件#（三）（三）宾语从句的时态宾语从句
15、的时态1. 如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般现在时一般现在时，宾语从句的时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_时态时态。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任任 何何24谷风课件#2. 如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相，宾语从句只能用相应的应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过去时， 过去进行时，过去进行时， 过去将来时，
16、过去完成时）。例如：过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 过去过去25谷风课件#3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使，即使主句用了主句用了过去时过去时，从句仍用，从句仍用 _ 时态时态。例如：例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般现在一般现在26谷风课件#在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句在复合
17、句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.宾语从句宾语从句：宾宾语语从从句句引引导导词词时时态态语语序序1、That2、Whether/if3、疑问词疑问词1、主句为现在时，从句的时态可以为、主句为现在时，从句的时态可以为任何时态任何时态。2、主句为过去时，从句的时态为、主句为过去时，从句的时态为过去时的一种过去时的一种。3、从句为客观真理，自然现象，永恒不变的规律，只用、从句为客观真理，自然现象，永恒不变的规律，只用一般现一般现在时在时。宾语从句的语序为宾语从句的语序为陈述句陈述句语序。语序。当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中
18、通常省略。无词义，在口语或非正式文体中通常省略。当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或或whether引导，意为引导，意为“是是否否“。 如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导来的特殊疑问词引导。 宾宾语语从从句句小小结结27谷风课件#巧学宾语从句巧学宾语从句学习宾从三注意，时态、语序、引导词。学习宾从三注意，时态、语序、引导词。时态主从要呼应：时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，一般
19、现在就可以。宾从若是表真理，一般现在就可以。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。引导词也不难：引导词也不难：That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。一般问句表一般问句表“是否是否”，if/whether来引导。来引导。特殊问句作宾从，仍用原来疑问词。特殊问句作宾从，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。三个问题需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。28谷风课件#Do you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2.
20、His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will doCB巩固练习：巩固练习：I从下列从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。中选择一个正确选项填空。29谷风课件#4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?A.what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was LilyC3.We dont
21、know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here C30谷风课件#5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C
22、. travels D. had travelled AC31谷风课件#7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow? A. if B. weather C. what D. whichA8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing C32谷风课件#II.改错：1.Miss Z
23、hang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.33谷风课件#.完成句子。完成句子。1. I hear (th
24、at) he _ in an hour.（ 我听说他一小时后回来。）Will be back2. He said (that) he _ very much.（他说他非常想念我们。）missed us3. Ask him _.（问问他是否能来。）If /whether he can come4. Can you tell me _.（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗？）where he is34谷风课件#宾宾语语从从句句小小结结一一.结构结构1.当陈述句作宾语从句时当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+that+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+if(whether)+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分3.当当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分二主从时态关系二主从时态关系主句主句从句从句一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时 3.(特殊特殊):任何时态任何时态(客观、自然现象客观、自然现象)三三.语序：陈述语序语序：陈述语序时态不变时态不变时态相应变化时态相应变化一般现在时一般现在时35谷风课件#36谷风课件#
