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1、AihuaPanAihuaPanDept.ofAnatomy&Neurobiology,Dept.ofAnatomy&Neurobiology,XiangyaSchoolofMedicine,CSUXiangyaSchoolofMedicine,CSUEmail:QQ：1102975195系统解剖学系统解剖学IntroductionofHumanIntroductionofHumanAnatomy&OsteologyAnatomy&Osteology系统解剖学绪论骨学AesculapiusWHOWHOHygeia系统解剖学绪论骨学OUTLINEOUTLINEIntroductionofHuma
2、nAnatomyIntroductionofHumanAnatomyI. I.WhatisHumanAnatomyWhatisHumanAnatomyII. II.TheclassificationofhumananatomyTheclassificationofhumananatomyIII.III.ThebasiccomponentofthehumanbodyThebasiccomponentofthehumanbodyIV.IV.AimsofthestudyAimsofthestudyV.V.HowtostudyHowtostudyVI.VI.AnatomicaltermsAnatomi
3、caltermsOsteologyOsteologyI. General Description of OsteologyI. General Description of OsteologyII. The structure of bonesII. The structure of bonesIII. Chemical compositionIII. Chemical compositionIV. Development of the bonesIV. Development of the bonesV. Functions of the bonesV. Functions of the b
4、ones系统解剖学绪论骨学IntroductionofHumanAnatomyIntroductionofHumanAnatomyI.WhatishumananatomyI.WhatishumananatomyHumananatomyisthesciencewhichHumananatomyisthesciencewhichdealswiththemorphologyandspecialdealswiththemorphologyandspecialinterrelationsofthestructureoftheinterrelationsofthestructureofthehumanbo
5、dy.humanbody.系统解剖学绪论骨学AtomsMoleculeSmooth muscle cellStomachDigestive systemHuman bodyChemistryCell biologyHistologyHuman anatomyChemical levelCellular levelTissue levelOrgan levelSystem levelOrganismal levelSmooth muscle tissueBiochemistryII.ThebasiccomponentofthehumanbodyII.Thebasiccomponentoftheh
6、umanbody系统解剖学绪论骨学III.TheclassificationofhumananatomyIII.TheclassificationofhumananatomySystematicAnatomySystematicAnatomyRegionalAnatomyRegionalAnatomySectionalAnatomySectionalAnatomyDigitalAnatomyDigitalAnatomyFunctionalAnatomyFunctionalAnatomyHistologyHistologyCytologyCytologyEmbryologyEmbryologyM
7、acro-anatomyMacro-anatomyMicro-anatomyMicro-anatomy系统解剖学绪论骨学LocomotorLocomotorAlimentaryAlimentaryRespiratoryRespiratoryUrinaryUrinaryGenitalGenitalCirculatoryCirculatoryEndocrineEndocrineSensorySensoryNervousNervous1.Systematic1.Systematicanatomyanatomy系统解剖学绪论骨学2.Regionalanatomy2.RegionalanatomyHea
8、dandNeckHeadandNeckThoraxThoraxAbdomenAbdomenPelvisPelvisPerineumPerineumLimbsLimbsBackandvertebralregionBackandvertebralregion系统解剖学绪论骨学3.Sectionalanatomy3.SectionalanatomyAnatomyCTMRIAnatomyCTMRI系统解剖学绪论骨学4.Digitalanatomy4.Digitalanatomy中国男、女虚拟人（虚拟人中国男、女虚拟人（虚拟人中国男、女虚拟人（虚拟人中国男、女虚拟人（虚拟人， 号号号号 ）系统解剖学绪论
9、骨学5.Functionalanatomy5.Functionalanatomy系统解剖学绪论骨学6.Histology6.Histology系统解剖学绪论骨学7.Cytology7.Cytology系统解剖学绪论骨学8.Embryology8.Embryology系统解剖学绪论骨学千奇百怪的人体畸形千奇百怪的人体畸形千奇百怪的人体畸形千奇百怪的人体畸形系统解剖学绪论骨学系统解剖学绪论骨学OutlineIV. Aims of the studyTounderstandthenormalTounderstandthenormalmorphologicalstructure,positionmor
10、phologicalstructure,positionandadjacency,growthandandadjacency,growthanddevelopmentpatternofhumandevelopmentpatternofhumanorgansandsystems,providingbasicorgansandsystems,providingbasicknowledgeonlearningpre-clinicknowledgeonlearningpre-clinicandclinicalmedicinecourses.andclinicalmedicinecourses.系统解剖
11、学绪论骨学解剖学的地位l恩格斯恩格斯: :“没有解剖学就没有医没有解剖学就没有医学学”l讨论：有人说中医无解剖，照此讨论：有人说中医无解剖，照此 推论，中医难道就不是医学？推论，中医难道就不是医学？孔子曰：“未知生，焉知死”。只有实现生命价值的人，才能真正懂得死亡的意义。相对其他自然科学以客观为对象，医学则是研究人类自身的学问。生命现象的认识过程是循序渐进的，由整体到部分；由宏观到微观；由个体到群体；由现象到本质。医学教育的过程是“不知死，焉知生”。解剖学教学对于每个医学生而言，是窥探并正式进入医学圣殿的第一步。 系统解剖学绪论骨学V. How to studyHumananatomyisHu
12、mananatomyisapracticalscience.apracticalscience.WeshouldattachWeshouldattachgreatimportancetogreatimportancetothepractice,aswellthepractice,aswellasclinicalasclinicalcorrelation.correlation.UppsalaUniversity(1477)SwedenUppsalaUniversity(1477)SwedenTheAnatomyLessonofDr.NicolaesTulp），）， 画家画家伦勃朗 （16061
13、669）系统解剖学绪论骨学VIVI.Anatomicalterms.Anatomicalterms1.AnatomicalPosition1.AnatomicalPositionErectpositionErectpositionFaceFacePalmsPalmsToesToesforwardforward系统解剖学绪论骨学内Internal外External浅 superficial深profound系统解剖学绪论骨学12341. 1.A.A.SuperiorSuperior B.B.InferiorInferior C.DistalC.Distal2.A.2.A.AnteriorAnte
14、rior B.B.SuperiorSuperiorC.ProximalC.Proximal3.A.3.A.MedialMedialB.B.InferiorInferiorC.C.VentralVentral4. 4.A.A.SuperiorSuperior B.B.InferiorInferiorC.LeftC.LeftChoicesChoices系统解剖学绪论骨学1.A.1.A.SuperiorSuperior B.B.InferiorInferior C.HeadC.Head2.A.2.A.InferiorInferior B.LateralB.Lateral C.RadialC.Radi
15、al3. 3.A.InternalA.Internal B.SuperiorB.Superior C.MedialC.Medial4.A.4.A.SuperiorSuperior B.B.InferiorInferior C.RightC.Right5. 5.A.AnteriorA.AnteriorB.ProximalB.Proximal C.C.InferiorInferior124 453 Choices系统解剖学绪论骨学3.Axisandplanes3.AxisandplanesAxisAxisPlanesPlanesSagittalSagittalCoronalCoronalHoriz
16、ontalHorizontalVerticalVerticalSagittalSagittalCoronalCoronal系统解剖学绪论骨学系统解剖学绪论骨学Dorsal-Cranial cavity -Ventral canalVentral-Thoracic cavity-Abdominal cavityBody Cavities系统解剖学绪论骨学LocomotorsystemLocomotorsystem bonebonearticulationarticulationmusclemuscleleverageleveragepivotofmovementpivotofmovementpo
17、werpower providerprovider重点重点effort支点支点支点支点重点重点力点力点resistancefulcrumefforteffortresistancefulcrum系统解剖学绪论骨学OsteologyOsteologyI. General Description of OsteologyAxialskeletonAxialskeletonAppendicularskeletonAppendicularskeleton系统解剖学绪论骨学1.Boneisanorgan1.BoneisanorganPropershapePropershapeCharacteristic
18、functionsCharacteristicfunctionsOwnbloodandnervesupplyOwnbloodandnervesupplyMetabolismandplasticityMetabolismandplasticity系统解剖学绪论骨学2.Theshapeandclassification2.TheshapeandclassificationLongbones:Longbones:Ashaft;AcavityandtwoextremitiesAshaft;AcavityandtwoextremitiesShortbones:Shortbones:AcuboidAcub
19、oidFlatbones:Flatbones:TwolayersofcompactbonewithspongyTwolayersofcompactbonewithspongyIrregularbonesIrregularbones系统解剖学绪论骨学II.ThestructureofbonesII.Thestructureofbones1.BonySubstance1.BonySubstanceCompact:resistingstressesandbendingCompact:resistingstressesandbendingSpongy:arrangedinlineofthepressu
20、reandtensionSpongy:arrangedinlineofthepressureandtensionCompactboneCompactboneSpongyboneSpongybone系统解剖学绪论骨学periosteumperiosteumMedullarycavityMedullarycavity2.Periosteum2.Periosteum Outer: Inner:PeriosteumEndosteumOsteoblastOsteoclastFibrous系统解剖学绪论骨学3.Bonemarrow3.BonemarrowRedBoneMarrow:Produceblood
21、cellsRedBoneMarrow:ProducebloodcellsRedBoneMarrow:ProducebloodcellsRedBoneMarrow:ProducebloodcellsYellowBoneMarrow:FatcellsYellowBoneMarrow:FatcellsYellowBoneMarrow:FatcellsYellowBoneMarrow:Fatcells系统解剖学绪论骨学III.ChemicalcompositionofbonesIII.ChemicalcompositionofbonesOrganiccomponentsOrganiccomponent
22、sProteincollagenProteincollagenProteinpolysaccharidesProteinpolysaccharidesInorganiccomponents:CalciumphosphateInorganiccomponents:CalciumphosphateProportion of I/O is increased with agingProportion of I/O is increased with agingJellyfishJellyfishCoralCoralfrangiblefrangiblesoftsoft系统解剖学绪论骨学greensti
23、ckfracturegreenstickfracturecomminutedfracturecomminutedfracturelinearfracturelinearfractureRelationship between fracture type and age系统解剖学绪论骨学IV.DevelopmentofthebonesIV.Developmentofthebones1.IntramembranousossificationIntramembranousossificationAnteriorAnterior fontanellefontanellePosteriorfontane
24、llePosteriorfontanellecoronalsuturecoronalsuturesagittalsuturesagittalsuturelambdoidsuturelambdoidsutureneonatal cranial view of the aboveadult cranial view of the above系统解剖学绪论骨学CartilagemodelCartilagemodelBonecollarBonecollarPrimaryossificationcenterPrimaryossificationcenterPrimarymedullarycavityPr
25、imarymedullarycavitySecondaryossificationcenterSecondaryossificationcenterEpiphysialplateEpiphysialplateQuestions:Questions:1. 1.HowtoincreasetheHowtoincreasethelengthanddiameter?lengthanddiameter?2.Whataretheshaft,epiphysis,2.Whataretheshaft,epiphysis,andepiphy-sialline?andepiphy-sialline?2.Endocho
26、nndralossification2.Endochonndralossification系统解剖学绪论骨学7yearsold12yearsold22 yearsold系统解剖学绪论骨学RegulationofgrowthhormoneonboneRegulationofgrowthhormoneonbonedevelopmentdevelopmentgrowth homoneboneboneanteriorpituitaryanteriorpituitaryhyposecretionhyposecretionhypersecretionhypersecretionmicroplasiamic
27、roplasiagigantismgigantism系统解剖学绪论骨学V.FunctionsofthebonesV.Functionsofthebones SupportingofthebodySupportingofthebodyLeversformusclesLeversformusclesProtectionoforgansProtectionoforgansProducebloodcellsProducebloodcellsStorehouseofcalciumStorehouseofcalcium系统解剖学绪论骨学系统解剖学绪论骨学推荐影视作品1.韩剧：医龙-TeamMedicalDragon-有需要的时候能够迅速聚集在一起的这才是团队。2.美剧：实习医生格蕾豪斯医生3.TVB：法证先锋鉴证实录洗冤录等目的：感性认识：医疗技术、设备，医院操作理性认识：培养学生如何思考，如何分析、如何解决问题的能力。系统解剖学绪论骨学系统解剖学绪论骨学
