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1、高考阅读技巧高考阅读技巧高考阅读技巧高考阅读技巧 猜测词义猜测词义猜测词义猜测词义嘉善二高嘉善二高 黄益萍黄益萍If you come across new words while reading, What will you do ?(嘉兴一模C篇) Despite the shocking numbers,the embassy remains dogged by charges that it rejects applicants unreasonably and that the process is unfairly burdonsome 52.The underlined word
2、 “dogged”in paragraph 5 means “ ”. A.troubled B.blamed C.submitted D.embarrassed(嘉兴二模A篇)Tributes poured in from around the world for a singer whose remarkable vocal power and range produced some of the most memorable music of her generation，including her signature hit，I Will Always Love You.43.The u
3、nderlined word“Tribute”（paragraph 8）refers to the activities to show . A.honor B.sympathy C.amazement D.disappointment1.The underlined word “ ” refers to (means) .（2011福建湖南等）福建湖南等）2.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ ”? （2011广东广东等）等）3.By saying,the author means?（2011浙江）浙江）4
4、.Which of the following words can take the place of （replace）the word “ ”?常见词义猜测题型2012年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求 要求考生能够读懂书，报，杂志，网络中关要求考生能够读懂书，报，杂志，网络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公告，说明，广告等，于一般性话题的短文以及公告，说明，广告等，并能从中获取相关信息，考生应能：并能从中获取相关信息，考生应能：、理解主旨要义；、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出判断和理
5、解；、作出判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图，观点和态度、理解作者的意图，观点和态度。How to guess the meaning of words?语境推测法语境推测法(context)语语境境法法猜猜测测词词义义常用词义猜测技巧常用词义猜测技巧一、根据语境猜测词义一、根据语境猜测词义When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will see a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water. Metal expands when he
6、ated and contracts when cooled.波纹波纹膨胀膨胀冷缩冷缩 小小 结结Tip1:To guess with the help of your common sense.（09，江苏）As water percolates（渗透） downward，it dissolves organic matter (有机的) and minerals(矿物质) from the soil and carries them to deeper layers（层）. 70. The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the
7、idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are . A. rushed away into the river B. cleaned and purified by water C. destroyed and carried away by water D. mixed with water and become part of it （09，福建）Fly to the great city of shanghai and in the evening sample traditional shanghai food. Visit th
8、e beautiful YU Garden, Old Town. shanghai Museum ,cross the Grest Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area. 64. The underlined word “sample” in the passage probably means “ ” A. buy B. reserve C. taste D. make 语语境境法法猜猜测测词词义义常用词义猜测技巧常用词义猜测技巧一、根据语境猜测词义一、根据语境猜测词义A person who is skilled at making or repair
9、ing wooden objects is called a carpenter. A strict vegetarian is a person who never eats meat in his life. 木匠木匠素食主义者素食主义者 Tip2:To guess with the help of definition or detailed description 小小 结结A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. A strict vegetarian is
10、 a person who never eats meat in his life. 木匠木匠素食主义者素食主义者 Brainstorming： 定义或释义定义或释义关系常由哪些词或结构引出？关系常由哪些词或结构引出？ Brainstorming： 定义或释义定义或释义关系常由哪些词或结构引出？关系常由哪些词或结构引出？定语从句或定语从句或is, be called，be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示等词汇或破折号来表示 ；或由或由that is (to say), in other words，to put it another way（09，重庆）Af
11、ter watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight , I noticed that something in my mood had changed. I was laughing. Her antics helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things. 59. What does the underlined word “anties” refer to?” A. Smut words B. Unusual actio
12、ns. C. Surprising Looks D.Anxious feelings.（11，四川）So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives me the reason to just say no to ice cream? Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases selfconfidence and energy 43. What does the underline
13、d word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean?A. Good health B. Firm belief C. A strong power D. A regular half（11，浙江）One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path .Thats when she
14、 heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.Ceelys near miss made the news because she blamed it on he GPS (导航仪). 42.The phrase “near miss” (Paragr
15、aph 2) can best be replaced by_. A.close hit B. heavy loss C. narrow escape D. big mistake语语境境法法猜猜测测词词义义常用词义猜测技巧常用词义猜测技巧一、根据语境猜测词义一、根据语境猜测词义 Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.Mother was fat and tall.My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, but mu
16、ch shorter.污秽的污秽的丰满的丰满的Tip3：To guess according to inner contrast and similarity小小 结结 引出引出同义关系同义关系：and或或or， like , similarly, as as, the same as等。等。引出引出转折关系转折关系：but, while, however, instead of, rather than, unlike, yet, otherwise, though，on the contrary等等。（09，全国1）If your child is unwilling to discuss
17、 something, dont insist he tell you whats on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that hell clam up. Instead, let him attempt to solve things by himself. 69. What does the phrase “clam up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. become excited B. show respect C. refuse to talk D. seek help（11，福建）
18、 The quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest（投入） in then. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute（分配） whats left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decli
19、ne （减弱） 73. The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “_”. A. appointment B. connection C. interview D. agreement语语境境法法猜猜测测词词义义常用词义猜测技巧常用词义猜测技巧一、根据语境猜测词义一、根据语境猜测词义 Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. The river
20、 is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.弹性的弹性的 混浊的混浊的Tip4：To guess through the cause and effect relationship小小 结结 引出因果关系引出因果关系常用关联词：常用关联词：becausebecause，asas，sincesince，forfor，soso，thusthus，as a resultas a result，so, so, so so that, such that, such that that the
21、reforetherefore等。等。（09，全国1）“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing,” says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox（疹） may be the wake-up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. 66. What does the phrase “the wake-up call
22、” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. a new disease B. a clear warning C. a dangerous animal D. a morning call（10，福建）Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over th
23、e next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban（塔利班）,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.60.The underlined word “outlawed” in paragraph 2 probably means “ ”. A.allowed B.bann
24、ed C.offered D.refused语语境境法法猜猜测测词词义义常用词义猜测技巧常用词义猜测技巧一、根据语境猜测词义一、根据语境猜测词义The new couple bought a lot of household appliances , such as washing machine, fridge and microwave oven etc.On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.家禽家禽家电家电Tip5：To guess
25、 through the listed examples小小 结结 （09，福建） In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions（排放） to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting（融化）of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we nee
26、d to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent,” he said. 73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to A.freezing points B. burning points C. melting points D. boiling pointsHow to guess the meaning of words?构词法构词法(word-building)语境推测法语境推测法(context)常用词义猜测技巧常用词义猜测技巧二、根据构词法猜测词义二、根据构词法猜测词义1
27、、词缀法、词缀法2、合成法、合成法3、转化法、转化法例例1.1.When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him.impassable means_.无法通过的无法通过的例例2.2. Valentines Day is a time of happiness for loversBoys like to give girls flowers as presentsOn that day，he came to see me with a forget-me-not in hi
28、s hand forget-me-not means _.勿勿忘我忘我例例3.3.Today its his turn to empty the rubbish. empty means_.倒空倒空1、词缀法：、词缀法：impassable 无法通过的无法通过的2、合成法：、合成法： forget-me-not 勿忘我勿忘我3、转化法：、转化法：empty ( adj v) 清空清空利用利用前缀和后缀前缀和后缀构成新的单词构成新的单词利用利用合成两个（或两个以上）意义不同的合成两个（或两个以上）意义不同的词词组合构成新的单词组合构成新的单词利用利用转变转变单词的单词的词性词性构成新的单词构成新的单词举例举例归纳归纳生活生活常识常识构词法构词法因果因果关系关系同义同义反义反义定义定义解释解释猜猜How to guess the meaning of words?Homework1. Go over what weve learned.2. Finish additional exercisesThank YouThank YouYour Advice is welcomeSuccesss ahead!
